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Fertility & birth rates in India and Serbia

Updated on by Georank team

India has an annual birth rate of 16.1 births per 1,000 people, compared to 9.2 for Serbia. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.98 in India and 1.61 in Serbia — 18.5% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -66.6% in India and by -25.3% in Serbia — in 1960, it was 5.92 and 2.15, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • India is ranked 93/196 by birth rate compared to 159/196 for Serbia.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 21.2 years in India, compared to 28.4 years in Serbia.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 27.7 in India — it's 29.7 in Serbia.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 14.1 in India vs 13.7 in Serbia.
  • In India, 26.3% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 21.5% in Serbia.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.95% in India and -0.55% in Serbia.

Birth rate data compared

India Serbia
Fertility rate 1.98 1.61
Birth rate 16.1 9.2
Birth rate rank 93/196 159/196
Age at first childbirth 21.2 years 28.4 years
Average age at childbearing 27.7 years 29.7 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 12 12.6
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 131.1 73
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 17.9 11.9
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 26.3% 21.5%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 56.4% 21.3%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 89.4% 99.9%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.08% 0.01%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 1.73% 0.32%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 2.45% 0.45%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 2.77% 0.52%
Population change due to births and deaths +13,711,993 -36,427
Natural population change rank 1/196 180/196
Natural population change rate +0.95% -0.55%
Population growth +0.89% -0.54%
Population growth rank 109/197 186/197
Life expectancy 72.5 years 77.1 years

Fertility rate in India vs Serbia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in India was 1.98 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.61 in Serbia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check India vs Serbia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

India
Factual

UN forecast
Serbia
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
India Serbia
1960 5.92 2.15
1961 5.94 2.13
1962 5.95 2.11
1963 5.97 2.08
1964 5.98 2.07
1965 5.94 2.06
1966 5.88 2.04
1967 5.83 2.02
1968 5.76 2.01
1969 5.68 1.99
1970 5.62 1.97
1971 5.57 1.96
1972 5.48 1.95
1973 5.4 1.94
1974 5.33 1.93
1975 5.2 1.92
1976 5.13 1.91
1977 5.01 1.9
1978 4.89 1.89
1979 4.81 1.88
1980 4.78 1.86
1981 4.7 1.85
1982 4.62 1.84
1983 4.57 1.83
1984 4.52 1.81
1985 4.43 1.8
1986 4.4 1.78
1987 4.31 1.75
1988 4.22 1.72
1989 4.13 1.69
1990 4.05 1.65
1991 3.96 1.61
1992 3.88 1.57
1993 3.8 1.54
1994 3.72 1.51
1995 3.65 1.47
1996 3.58 1.44
1997 3.51 1.4
1998 3.45 1.37
1999 3.38 1.35
2000 3.35 1.48
2001 3.3 1.58
2002 3.22 1.57
2003 3.12 1.59
2004 3.05 1.57
2005 2.96 1.45
2006 2.87 1.43
2007 2.78 1.38
2008 2.71 1.4
2009 2.67 1.44
2010 2.6 1.4
2011 2.53 1.4
2012 2.47 1.45
2013 2.4 1.43
2014 2.29 1.46
2015 2.29 1.46
2016 2.28 1.46
2017 2.19 1.49
2018 2.18 1.49
2019 2.12 1.52
2020 2.05 1.48
2021 2.01 1.52
2022 1.99 1.59
2023 1.98 1.61
2024 1.96 1.61
2025 1.94 1.61
2026 1.93 1.62
2027 1.91 1.62
2028 1.9 1.62
2029 1.89 1.63
2030 1.88 1.63
2031 1.87 1.63
2032 1.86 1.63
2033 1.85 1.64
2034 1.84 1.64
2035 1.84 1.65
2036 1.83 1.65
2037 1.82 1.65
2038 1.81 1.65
2039 1.81 1.65
2040 1.8 1.65
2041 1.8 1.66
2042 1.79 1.66
2043 1.79 1.66
2044 1.78 1.66
2045 1.78 1.67
2046 1.78 1.67
2047 1.77 1.67
2048 1.77 1.67
2049 1.77 1.67
2050 1.76 1.67

Children 0-14 years as share of population

India
Factual

UN forecast
Serbia
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
India Serbia
1960 40.6% 27.2%
1961 40.9% 27.1%
1962 41.2% 27%
1963 41.5% 26.7%
1964 41.6% 26.3%
1965 41.7% 25.8%
1966 41.7% 25.3%
1967 41.6% 24.7%
1968 41.5% 24.1%
1969 41.5% 23.5%
1970 41.4% 23%
1971 41.2% 22.5%
1972 41.1% 22.2%
1973 41% 22%
1974 40.8% 21.7%
1975 40.7% 21.5%
1976 40.5% 21.3%
1977 40.3% 21%
1978 40.1% 20.9%
1979 40% 20.7%
1980 39.8% 20.6%
1981 39.7% 20.6%
1982 39.6% 20.6%
1983 39.5% 20.5%
1984 39.4% 20.5%
1985 39.3% 20.3%
1986 39.2% 20.2%
1987 39.1% 20%
1988 38.9% 19.8%
1989 38.8% 19.6%
1990 38.6% 19.3%
1991 38.4% 19.1%
1992 38.1% 18.8%
1993 37.9% 18.6%
1994 37.6% 18.3%
1995 37.3% 18%
1996 37% 17.7%
1997 36.7% 17.4%
1998 36.3% 17.1%
1999 35.9% 16.7%
2000 35.6% 16.4%
2001 35.2% 16.1%
2002 34.8% 15.8%
2003 34.4% 15.6%
2004 34% 15.4%
2005 33.6% 15.2%
2006 33.1% 15%
2007 32.7% 14.9%
2008 32.2% 14.7%
2009 31.8% 14.6%
2010 31.3% 14.5%
2011 30.9% 14.4%
2012 30.4% 14.3%
2013 29.9% 14.3%
2014 29.4% 14.3%
2015 28.9% 14.3%
2016 28.4% 14.3%
2017 27.8% 14.3%
2018 27.3% 14.3%
2019 26.8% 14.3%
2020 26.3% 14.3%
2021 25.9% 14.3%
2022 25.5% 14.4%
2023 25.1% 14.4%
2024 24.6% 14.3%
2025 24.2% 14.3%
2026 23.8% 14.2%
2027 23.4% 14.1%
2028 23% 14.1%
2029 22.7% 14%
2030 22.4% 13.9%
2031 22.1% 13.8%
2032 21.8% 13.7%
2033 21.5% 13.6%
2034 21.3% 13.5%
2035 21% 13.4%
2036 20.8% 13.3%
2037 20.6% 13.3%
2038 20.4% 13.2%
2039 20.2% 13.2%
2040 19.9% 13.1%
2041 19.7% 13.1%
2042 19.5% 13.1%
2043 19.3% 13.1%
2044 19.1% 13.1%
2045 18.8% 13.1%
2046 18.6% 13.1%
2047 18.4% 13.1%
2048 18.2% 13.1%
2049 18% 13.1%
2050 17.8% 13.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.6% of the population in India and 14.3% in Serbia in 2024, compared to 38.6% and 19.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of India and Serbia compared.

Natural population change in India vs Serbia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.06% in India and -0.63% in Serbia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

India
Serbia

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
India Serbia
1960 10,237,489 63,642
1961 10,468,816 61,065
1962 10,743,409 59,307
1963 11,016,705 55,580
1964 11,285,378 54,185
1965 10,925,714 53,383
1966 11,089,894 53,338
1967 11,279,897 53,120
1968 12,006,807 51,653
1969 12,167,671 50,304
1970 12,417,866 48,343
1971 12,787,104 47,424
1972 13,041,792 48,248
1973 13,412,707 49,596
1974 13,795,836 51,583
1975 13,958,642 52,502
1976 14,435,504 51,399
1977 14,575,662 48,105
1978 14,898,145 43,636
1979 15,392,957 39,022
1980 16,018,786 36,273
1981 16,422,159 34,304
1982 16,790,507 30,603
1983 17,219,127 27,515
1984 17,698,810 23,815
1985 17,968,697 22,090
1986 18,455,495 19,407
1987 18,496,213 16,711
1988 18,702,916 13,852
1989 18,848,915 11,872
1990 18,893,588 7,416
1991 19,049,524 2,210
1992 19,132,757 -3,779
1993 19,152,399 -5,703
1994 19,310,798 -7,157
1995 19,396,161 -7,628
1996 19,442,699 -16,007
1997 19,494,098 -18,389
1998 19,569,575 -23,006
1999 19,648,424 -29,408
2000 19,984,160 -30,065
2001 20,182,573 -20,259
2002 20,024,621 -24,750
2003 19,720,507 -24,686
2004 19,469,758 -26,121
2005 19,034,839 -34,227
2006 18,641,737 -31,870
2007 18,331,648 -34,693
2008 18,234,926 -33,590
2009 18,286,055 -33,676
2010 17,991,935 -34,999
2011 17,793,362 -36,906
2012 17,552,365 -35,288
2013 17,107,541 -34,399
2014 16,165,943 -34,946
2015 16,211,195 -37,605
2016 16,202,593 -35,998
2017 15,394,041 -39,317
2018 15,451,168 -37,707
2019 14,859,846 -36,810
2020 13,366,946 -55,193
2021 10,227,523 -74,494
2022 13,912,130 -46,651
2023 13,711,993 -36,427

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: India vs Serbia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 80 deaths per 100,000 live births in India, compared to 11 deaths in Serbia.

India
Serbia
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
India Serbia
1985 658 15
1986 624 15
1987 592 15
1988 562 14
1989 538 14
1990 516 14
1991 498 14
1992 482 15
1993 467 16
1994 451 16
1995 437 17
1996 422 17
1997 407 17
1998 393 19
1999 378 17
2000 362 16
2001 349 15
2002 330 14
2003 313 14
2004 296 13
2005 277 13
2006 258 12
2007 240 12
2008 223 12
2009 205 12
2010 188 13
2011 173 13
2012 160 13
2013 148 13
2014 137 13
2015 129 13
2016 121 13
2017 113 13
2018 107 12
2019 101 12
2020 101 16
2021 155 26
2022 90 14
2023 80 11

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.77% in India and 0.52% in Serbia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

India
Serbia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
India Serbia
1960 24.1% -
1961 23.8% -
1962 23.5% -
1963 23.2% -
1964 22.9% -
1965 22.7% -
1966 22.4% -
1967 22.2% -
1968 22% -
1969 21.7% -
1970 21.5% -
1971 21.2% -
1972 20.8% -
1973 20.5% -
1974 20.1% -
1975 19.6% -
1976 19.1% -
1977 18.6% -
1978 18% -
1979 17.5% -
1980 16.9% -
1981 16.4% -
1982 15.9% -
1983 15.5% -
1984 15% 4.07%
1985 14.6% 3.93%
1986 14.2% 3.78%
1987 13.8% 3.59%
1988 13.4% 3.36%
1989 13% 3.1%
1990 12.7% 2.85%
1991 12.3% 2.61%
1992 12% 2.43%
1993 11.6% 2.29%
1994 11.3% 2.14%
1995 11% 1.95%
1996 10.6% 1.74%
1997 10.3% 1.56%
1998 9.89% 1.42%
1999 9.53% 1.32%
2000 9.16% 1.26%
2001 8.8% 1.2%
2002 8.45% 1.14%
2003 8.11% 1.05%
2004 7.77% 0.97%
2005 7.44% 0.9%
2006 7.11% 0.85%
2007 6.79% 0.82%
2008 6.46% 0.79%
2009 6.14% 0.78%
2010 5.82% 0.76%
2011 5.5% 0.73%
2012 5.2% 0.71%
2013 4.91% 0.68%
2014 4.63% 0.66%
2015 4.36% 0.63%
2016 4.11% 0.61%
2017 3.87% 0.59%
2018 3.64% 0.58%
2019 3.43% 0.57%
2020 3.24% 0.55%
2021 3.06% 0.54%
2022 2.91% 0.53%
2023 2.77% 0.52%

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Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs India vs Serbia
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