Fertility & birth rates in India and South Korea

Fertility rate in India vs South Korea by year

Chart Table

India

South Korea

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	India	South Korea
2023	1.98	0.72
2022	1.99	0.78
2021	2.01	0.81
2020	2.05	0.84
2019	2.12	0.92
2018	2.18	0.98
2017	2.19	1.05
2016	2.28	1.17
2015	2.29	1.24
2014	2.29	1.21
2013	2.4	1.19
2012	2.47	1.3
2011	2.53	1.24
2010	2.6	1.23
2009	2.67	1.15
2008	2.71	1.19
2007	2.78	1.26
2006	2.87	1.13
2005	2.96	1.09
2004	3.05	1.16
2003	3.12	1.19
2002	3.22	1.18
2001	3.3	1.31
2000	3.35	1.48
1999	3.38	1.43
1998	3.45	1.46
1997	3.51	1.54
1996	3.58	1.57
1995	3.65	1.63
1994	3.72	1.66
1993	3.8	1.65
1992	3.88	1.76
1991	3.96	1.71
1990	4.05	1.57
1989	4.13	1.56
1988	4.22	1.55
1987	4.31	1.53
1986	4.4	1.58
1985	4.43	1.66
1984	4.52	1.74
1983	4.57	2.06
1982	4.62	2.39
1981	4.7	2.57
1980	4.78	2.82
1979	4.81	2.9
1978	4.89	2.64
1977	5.01	2.99
1976	5.13	3
1975	5.2	3.43
1974	5.33	3.77
1973	5.4	4.07
1972	5.48	4.12
1971	5.57	4.54
1970	5.62	4.53
1969	5.68	4.45
1968	5.76	4.51
1967	5.83	4.62
1966	5.88	4.78
1965	5.94	4.89
1964	5.98	5.07
1963	5.97	5.33
1962	5.95	5.56
1961	5.94	5.8
1960	5.92	5.99

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in India was 1.98 children per woman in 2023, compared to 0.72 in South Korea in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check India vs South Korea population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

India

South Korea

1x

Year	Natural population change
	India	South Korea
2023	13,711,993	-77,569
2022	13,912,130	-124,014
2021	10,227,523	-56,947
2020	13,366,946	-31,101
2019	14,859,846	10,353
2018	15,451,168	30,951
2017	15,394,041	71,907
2016	16,202,593	122,923
2015	16,211,195	163,248
2014	16,165,943	167,464
2013	17,107,541	166,415
2012	17,552,365	215,859
2011	17,793,362	214,728
2010	17,991,935	213,083
2009	18,286,055	197,231
2008	18,234,926	215,841
2007	18,331,648	248,286
2006	18,641,737	203,441
2005	19,034,839	187,920
2004	19,469,758	225,988
2003	19,720,507	244,251
2002	20,024,621	247,752
2001	20,182,573	312,643
2000	19,984,160	390,167
1999	19,648,424	368,272
1998	19,569,575	393,436
1997	19,494,098	422,773
1996	19,442,699	446,142
1995	19,396,161	468,967
1994	19,310,798	473,200
1993	19,152,399	477,302
1992	19,132,757	494,352
1991	19,049,524	467,594
1990	18,893,588	411,546
1989	18,848,915	403,266
1988	18,702,916	399,297
1987	18,496,213	378,758
1986	18,455,495	395,651
1985	17,968,697	416,219
1984	17,698,810	436,384
1983	17,219,127	514,844
1982	16,790,507	605,626
1981	16,422,159	631,189
1980	16,018,786	583,294
1979	15,392,957	623,068
1978	14,898,145	499,084
1977	14,575,662	578,947
1976	14,435,504	530,558
1975	13,958,642	603,300
1974	13,795,836	673,030
1973	13,412,707	699,115
1972	13,041,792	740,469
1971	12,787,104	789,185
1970	12,417,866	747,987
1969	12,167,671	694,227
1968	12,006,807	684,487
1967	11,279,897	692,169
1966	11,089,894	623,534
1965	10,925,714	641,090
1964	11,285,378	655,501
1963	11,016,705	685,824
1962	10,743,409	712,590
1961	10,468,816	730,173
1960	10,237,489	728,010

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.95% in India and -0.15% in South Korea.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +1.06% in India and +0.06% in South Korea.

Birth rate in India vs South Korea by year

Chart Table

India

South Korea

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	India	South Korea
2023	16.1	4.5
2022	16.3	4.9
2021	16.5	5.1
2020	16.7	5.3
2019	17.4	5.9
2018	17.9	6.4
2017	18	7
2016	18.8	7.9
2015	18.9	8.6
2014	19.1	8.6
2013	20.1	8.6
2012	20.7	9.6
2011	21.2	9.4
2010	21.6	9.4
2009	22.2	9
2008	22.5	9.4
2007	22.9	10.1
2006	23.6	9.2
2005	24.3	9
2004	25.1	9.8
2003	25.8	10.2
2002	26.5	10.3
2001	27.2	11.7
2000	27.5	13.5
1999	27.7	13.2
1998	28.2	13.7
1997	28.7	14.5
1996	29.2	15
1995	29.8	15.7
1994	30.3	16
1993	30.8	16
1992	31.4	16.7
1991	32	16.4
1990	32.6	15.2
1989	33.3	15.1
1988	33.9	15.1
1987	34.4	15
1986	35.2	15.4
1985	35.4	16.1
1984	35.9	16.7
1983	36.1	19.3
1982	36.4	21.6
1981	36.8	22.4
1980	37.1	22.6
1979	37	23
1978	37.1	20.3
1977	37.6	22.7
1976	38.2	22.2
1975	38.4	24.8
1974	39	26.6
1973	39.3	28.3
1972	39.5	28.4
1971	39.7	31.2
1970	39.8	31.2
1969	40.1	30.3
1968	40.5	30.7
1967	40.8	31.5
1966	41.2	32.8
1965	41.7	33.8
1964	42.1	35.2
1963	42.3	37.2
1962	42.5	39
1961	42.7	40.9
1960	42.9	42.1

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 16.1 in India and 4.5 in South Korea, compared with 42.9 and 42.1, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

India

Factual

UN forecast

South Korea

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	India	South Korea
2100	13.8%	8.61%
2099	13.8%	8.6%
2098	13.8%	8.59%
2097	13.9%	8.59%
2096	13.9%	8.59%
2095	13.9%	8.6%
2094	13.9%	8.61%
2093	14%	8.62%
2092	14%	8.62%
2091	14%	8.62%
2090	14.1%	8.62%
2089	14.1%	8.6%
2088	14.2%	8.58%
2087	14.2%	8.55%
2086	14.2%	8.5%
2085	14.3%	8.45%
2084	14.4%	8.39%
2083	14.4%	8.33%
2082	14.5%	8.26%
2081	14.6%	8.18%
2080	14.6%	8.09%
2079	14.7%	8%
2078	14.8%	7.91%
2077	14.8%	7.82%
2076	14.9%	7.72%
2075	15%	7.63%
2074	15.1%	7.53%
2073	15.2%	7.44%
2072	15.2%	7.35%
2071	15.3%	7.28%
2070	15.4%	7.21%
2069	15.5%	7.16%
2068	15.6%	7.13%
2067	15.6%	7.11%
2066	15.7%	7.11%
2065	15.8%	7.14%
2064	15.9%	7.18%
2063	16%	7.23%
2062	16.1%	7.3%
2061	16.2%	7.37%
2060	16.3%	7.45%
2059	16.4%	7.52%
2058	16.6%	7.6%
2057	16.7%	7.66%
2056	16.8%	7.72%
2055	17%	7.76%
2054	17.2%	7.79%
2053	17.3%	7.81%
2052	17.5%	7.83%
2051	17.7%	7.83%
2050	17.9%	7.83%
2049	18.1%	7.82%
2048	18.3%	7.81%
2047	18.5%	7.8%
2046	18.7%	7.79%
2045	18.9%	7.78%
2044	19.2%	7.78%
2043	19.4%	7.77%
2042	19.6%	7.76%
2041	19.8%	7.74%
2040	20%	7.72%
2039	20.3%	7.7%
2038	20.5%	7.66%
2037	20.7%	7.65%
2036	20.9%	7.65%
2035	21.1%	7.66%
2034	21.4%	7.73%
2033	21.7%	7.85%
2032	21.9%	8.02%
2031	22.2%	8.28%
2030	22.5%	8.59%
2029	22.8%	8.9%
2028	23.2%	9.23%
2027	23.6%	9.62%
2026	24%	10%
2025	24.4%	10.4%
2024	24.6%	10.6%
2023	25.1%	11%
2022	25.5%	11.4%
2021	25.9%	11.8%
2020	26.3%	12.1%
2019	26.8%	12.4%
2018	27.3%	12.7%
2017	27.8%	13%
2016	28.4%	13.4%
2015	28.9%	13.8%
2014	29.4%	14.2%
2013	29.9%	14.7%
2012	30.4%	15.2%
2011	30.9%	15.8%
2010	31.3%	16.4%
2009	31.8%	16.9%
2008	32.2%	17.5%
2007	32.7%	18.1%
2006	33.1%	18.7%
2005	33.6%	19.2%
2004	34%	19.7%
2003	34.4%	20.1%
2002	34.8%	20.5%
2001	35.2%	20.8%
2000	35.6%	21%
1999	35.9%	21.2%
1998	36.3%	21.6%
1997	36.7%	22%
1996	37%	22.5%
1995	37.3%	23.1%
1994	37.6%	23.7%
1993	37.9%	24.2%
1992	38.1%	24.7%
1991	38.4%	25.2%
1990	38.6%	25.8%
1989	38.8%	26.5%
1988	38.9%	27.3%
1987	39.1%	28.2%
1986	39.2%	29.2%
1985	39.3%	30.2%
1984	39.4%	31.2%
1983	39.5%	32%
1982	39.6%	32.7%
1981	39.7%	33.3%
1980	39.8%	34%
1979	40%	34.8%
1978	40.1%	35.6%
1977	40.3%	36.5%
1976	40.5%	37.5%
1975	40.7%	38.5%
1974	40.8%	39.5%
1973	41%	40.3%
1972	41.1%	41%
1971	41.2%	41.5%
1970	41.4%	42.1%
1969	41.5%	42.7%
1968	41.5%	43.1%
1967	41.6%	43.3%
1966	41.7%	43.5%
1965	41.7%	43.3%
1964	41.6%	43.1%
1963	41.5%	42.7%
1962	41.2%	42.3%
1961	40.9%	41.8%
1960	40.6%	41.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 24.6% of the population in India and 10.6% in South Korea in 2024, compared to 38.6% and 25.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of India and South Korea compared.

Maternal mortality chart: India vs South Korea

Chart Table

India

South Korea

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	India	South Korea
2023	80	4
2022	90	7
2021	155	5
2020	101	12
2019	101	5
2018	107	5
2017	113	6
2016	121	6
2015	129	6
2014	137	7
2013	148	7
2012	160	8
2011	173	8
2010	188	8
2009	205	9
2008	223	9
2007	240	10
2006	258	10
2005	277	11
2004	296	12
2003	313	13
2002	330	13
2001	349	14
2000	362	15
1999	378	17
1998	393	18
1997	407	19
1996	422	20
1995	437	22
1994	451	23
1993	467	24
1992	482	26
1991	498	28
1990	516	28
1989	538	29
1988	562	31
1987	592	34
1986	624	35
1985	658	38

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 80 deaths per 100,000 live births in India, compared to 4 deaths in South Korea.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

India

South Korea

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	India	South Korea
2023	2.77%	0.28%
2022	2.91%	0.28%
2021	3.06%	0.29%
2020	3.24%	0.3%
2019	3.43%	0.31%
2018	3.64%	0.32%
2017	3.87%	0.33%
2016	4.11%	0.34%
2015	4.36%	0.35%
2014	4.63%	0.36%
2013	4.91%	0.37%
2012	5.2%	0.38%
2011	5.5%	0.4%
2010	5.82%	0.41%
2009	6.14%	0.43%
2008	6.46%	0.45%
2007	6.79%	0.48%
2006	7.11%	0.52%
2005	7.44%	0.56%
2004	7.77%	0.6%
2003	8.11%	0.64%
2002	8.45%	0.68%
2001	8.8%	0.71%
2000	9.16%	0.75%
1999	9.53%	0.8%
1998	9.89%	0.85%
1997	10.3%	0.91%
1996	10.6%	0.98%
1995	11%	1.05%
1994	11.3%	1.14%
1993	11.6%	1.23%
1992	12%	1.33%
1991	12.3%	1.44%
1990	12.7%	1.57%
1989	13%	1.71%
1988	13.4%	1.87%
1987	13.8%	2.05%
1986	14.2%	2.25%
1985	14.6%	2.46%
1984	15%	2.7%
1983	15.5%	2.93%
1982	15.9%	3.17%
1981	16.4%	3.4%
1980	16.9%	3.63%
1979	17.5%	3.84%
1978	18%	4.04%
1977	18.6%	4.23%
1976	19.1%	4.42%
1975	19.6%	4.61%
1974	20.1%	4.82%
1973	20.5%	5.07%
1972	20.8%	5.36%
1971	21.2%	5.71%
1970	21.5%	6.12%
1969	21.7%	6.59%
1968	22%	7.1%
1967	22.2%	7.62%
1966	22.4%	8.16%
1965	22.7%	8.68%
1964	22.9%	9.18%
1963	23.2%	9.67%
1962	23.5%	10.1%
1961	23.8%	10.6%
1960	24.1%	11.2%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 2.77% in India and 0.28% in South Korea. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.