Fertility & birth rates in Saudi Arabia and Tonga

Fertility rate in Saudi Arabia vs Tonga chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Saudi Arabia was 2.28 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.13 in Tonga in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Saudi Arabia vs Tonga population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Saudi Arabia	Tonga
1960	7.63	6.65
1961	7.63	6.61
1962	7.64	6.57
1963	7.65	6.52
1964	7.67	6.46
1965	7.66	6.41
1966	7.66	6.35
1967	7.66	6.29
1968	7.63	6.23
1969	7.6	6.17
1970	7.58	6.07
1971	7.56	5.96
1972	7.54	5.86
1973	7.48	5.8
1974	7.43	5.77
1975	7.37	5.75
1976	7.33	5.73
1977	7.3	5.7
1978	7.26	5.68
1979	7.23	5.65
1980	7.15	5.6
1981	7.07	5.55
1982	6.98	5.5
1983	6.88	5.45
1984	6.78	5.41
1985	6.65	5.34
1986	6.52	5.27
1987	6.34	5.19
1988	6.15	5.1
1989	5.98	5.01
1990	5.8	4.93
1991	5.64	4.85
1992	5.49	4.79
1993	5.33	4.73
1994	5.16	4.66
1995	4.99	4.56
1996	4.81	4.46
1997	4.66	4.38
1998	4.52	4.31
1999	4.35	4.23
2000	4.21	4.16
2001	3.96	4.13
2002	3.71	4.14
2003	3.47	4.18
2004	3.26	4.19
2005	3.16	4.2
2006	3.18	4.14
2007	3.19	4.09
2008	3.07	4.01
2009	2.95	3.95
2010	2.81	3.88
2011	2.8	3.83
2012	2.78	3.77
2013	2.67	3.7
2014	2.68	3.62
2015	2.63	3.54
2016	2.65	3.46
2017	2.67	3.39
2018	2.67	3.33
2019	2.49	3.27
2020	2.27	3.23
2021	2.17	3.2
2022	2.14	3.17
2023	2.28	3.13
2024	2.31	3.1
2025	2.29	3.07
2026	2.27	3.04
2027	2.25	3
2028	2.22	2.97
2029	2.2	2.95
2030	2.17	2.91
2031	2.15	2.89
2032	2.13	2.85
2033	2.11	2.82
2034	2.09	2.8
2035	2.07	2.77
2036	2.05	2.75
2037	2.03	2.72
2038	2.01	2.7
2039	1.99	2.68
2040	1.98	2.65
2041	1.97	2.63
2042	1.95	2.61
2043	1.94	2.59
2044	1.93	2.56
2045	1.92	2.54
2046	1.91	2.52
2047	1.9	2.5
2048	1.89	2.49
2049	1.88	2.47
2050	1.87	2.45

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Saudi Arabia	Tonga
1960	43.4%	45.7%
1961	43.6%	45.7%
1962	43.9%	45.8%
1963	44.3%	45.9%
1964	44.6%	45.9%
1965	44.8%	45.9%
1966	45.1%	45.9%
1967	45.3%	46%
1968	45.4%	46.2%
1969	45.5%	46.3%
1970	45.5%	46.4%
1971	45.5%	46.4%
1972	45.3%	46.3%
1973	45.2%	46.2%
1974	45%	46.2%
1975	44.8%	46.2%
1976	44.6%	46.1%
1977	44.5%	45.8%
1978	44.3%	45.3%
1979	44.2%	44.8%
1980	44.1%	44.3%
1981	43.9%	43.9%
1982	43.8%	43.4%
1983	43.7%	42.9%
1984	43.6%	42.4%
1985	43.6%	42%
1986	43.5%	41.7%
1987	43.4%	41.5%
1988	43.3%	41.2%
1989	43.2%	40.9%
1990	43%	40.8%
1991	42.7%	40.6%
1992	42.4%	40.5%
1993	42.1%	40.3%
1994	41.7%	40.1%
1995	41.2%	39.9%
1996	40.7%	39.7%
1997	40.1%	39.3%
1998	39.5%	38.9%
1999	38.9%	38.6%
2000	38.3%	38.3%
2001	37.7%	38.2%
2002	36.8%	38.1%
2003	35.7%	38.1%
2004	34.5%	38.2%
2005	33.2%	38.3%
2006	31.9%	38.3%
2007	30.6%	38.3%
2008	29.5%	38%
2009	28.5%	37.8%
2010	27.6%	37.6%
2011	26.9%	37.4%
2012	26.3%	37.2%
2013	25.8%	37.1%
2014	25.4%	36.9%
2015	25.1%	36.7%
2016	24.9%	36.5%
2017	25.2%	36.4%
2018	25.7%	36.2%
2019	25.8%	36%
2020	25.5%	35.8%
2021	25.2%	35.7%
2022	24.6%	35.6%
2023	24.1%	35.6%
2024	23.8%	35.4%
2025	23.6%	34.9%
2026	23.4%	34.4%
2027	23.3%	33.8%
2028	23.1%	33.3%
2029	22.9%	32.6%
2030	22.8%	32%
2031	22.6%	31.6%
2032	22.5%	31.2%
2033	22.4%	31%
2034	22.3%	30.8%
2035	22.2%	30.7%
2036	22.2%	30.5%
2037	22.1%	30.4%
2038	22%	30.3%
2039	21.9%	30.2%
2040	21.7%	30.1%
2041	21.5%	30.1%
2042	21.3%	30%
2043	21.2%	30%
2044	21%	29.9%
2045	20.8%	29.8%
2046	20.7%	29.6%
2047	20.5%	29.5%
2048	20.4%	29.2%
2049	20.2%	29%
2050	20.1%	28.7%

Children aged 0-14 make up 23.8% of the population in Saudi Arabia and 35.4% in Tonga in 2024, compared to 43% and 40.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Saudi Arabia and Tonga compared.

Natural population change in Saudi Arabia vs Tonga by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.57% in Saudi Arabia and +1.79% in Tonga. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Saudi Arabia	Tonga
1960	74,143	2,230
1961	77,743	2,284
1962	81,393	2,343
1963	85,480	2,394
1964	89,776	2,445
1965	93,820	2,498
1966	98,361	2,550
1967	103,343	2,603
1968	108,281	2,614
1969	113,859	2,632
1970	120,440	2,628
1971	127,600	2,611
1972	136,360	2,605
1973	145,450	2,617
1974	155,478	2,650
1975	166,223	2,709
1976	178,024	2,769
1977	191,103	2,822
1978	205,331	2,862
1979	220,186	2,884
1980	234,372	2,885
1981	249,156	2,882
1982	264,831	2,853
1983	280,616	2,840
1984	296,615	2,814
1985	310,558	2,762
1986	322,340	2,704
1987	333,088	2,646
1988	342,865	2,649
1989	349,399	2,644
1990	355,495	2,641
1991	361,329	2,637
1992	366,763	2,622
1993	372,621	2,594
1994	377,351	2,547
1995	380,231	2,476
1996	382,248	2,393
1997	385,033	2,332
1998	389,499	2,344
1999	390,112	2,352
2000	392,407	2,346
2001	382,153	2,358
2002	372,099	2,396
2003	364,520	2,448
2004	362,843	2,478
2005	375,938	2,495
2006	399,333	2,459
2007	425,199	2,423
2008	433,457	2,397
2009	438,557	2,358
2010	418,641	2,332
2011	443,675	2,298
2012	465,649	2,255
2013	475,299	2,199
2014	493,431	2,135
2015	511,023	2,064
2016	537,829	1,989
2017	546,751	1,912
2018	528,767	1,873
2019	474,407	1,841
2020	447,036	1,816
2021	409,032	1,773
2022	406,920	1,772
2023	474,366	1,744

Maternal mortality chart: Saudi Arabia vs Tonga

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 7 deaths per 100,000 live births in Saudi Arabia, compared to 67 deaths in Tonga.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Saudi Arabia	Tonga
1985	40	148
1986	38	149
1987	36	147
1988	34	145
1989	32	139
1990	30	138
1991	29	134
1992	27	129
1993	26	127
1994	25	123
1995	24	117
1996	23	113
1997	23	111
1998	22	104
1999	21	99
2000	20	100
2001	19	98
2002	18	98
2003	16	95
2004	16	92
2005	15	92
2006	14	89
2007	13	88
2008	12	88
2009	11	91
2010	11	85
2011	10	84
2012	9	83
2013	9	80
2014	8	80
2015	8	79
2016	8	78
2017	8	77
2018	8	74
2019	8	73
2020	11	74
2021	12	76
2022	9	72
2023	7	67

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.62% in Saudi Arabia and 0.99% in Tonga. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Saudi Arabia	Tonga
1963	-	7.83%
1964	-	7.35%
1965	-	6.89%
1966	-	6.45%
1967	-	6.03%
1968	-	5.63%
1969	-	5.25%
1970	-	4.91%
1971	-	4.61%
1972	16%	4.35%
1973	14.9%	4.11%
1974	14%	3.9%
1975	13.1%	3.71%
1976	12.2%	3.53%
1977	11.4%	3.37%
1978	10.7%	3.22%
1979	9.99%	3.09%
1980	9.34%	2.97%
1981	8.71%	2.87%
1982	8.12%	2.78%
1983	7.56%	2.7%
1984	7.04%	2.63%
1985	6.55%	2.57%
1986	6.07%	2.51%
1987	5.62%	2.44%
1988	5.19%	2.37%
1989	4.8%	2.29%
1990	4.44%	2.21%
1991	4.11%	2.14%
1992	3.81%	2.06%
1993	3.54%	2%
1994	3.29%	1.94%
1995	3.06%	1.89%
1996	2.86%	1.85%
1997	2.67%	1.81%
1998	2.5%	1.78%
1999	2.35%	1.74%
2000	2.21%	1.7%
2001	2.08%	1.65%
2002	1.96%	1.61%
2003	1.85%	1.56%
2004	1.75%	1.52%
2005	1.65%	1.48%
2006	1.56%	1.44%
2007	1.47%	1.41%
2008	1.38%	1.37%
2009	1.3%	1.34%
2010	1.22%	1.31%
2011	1.15%	1.29%
2012	1.08%	1.26%
2013	1.02%	1.24%
2014	0.96%	1.22%
2015	0.9%	1.19%
2016	0.85%	1.17%
2017	0.8%	1.15%
2018	0.76%	1.12%
2019	0.72%	1.1%
2020	0.69%	1.08%
2021	0.66%	1.05%
2022	0.64%	1.02%
2023	0.62%	0.99%