Fertility & birth rates in Jamaica and Tonga

Fertility rate in Jamaica vs Tonga by year

Chart Table

Jamaica

Tonga

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Jamaica	Tonga
2023	1.36	3.13
2022	1.37	3.17
2021	1.38	3.2
2020	1.38	3.23
2019	1.39	3.27
2018	1.4	3.33
2017	1.43	3.39
2016	1.46	3.46
2015	1.51	3.54
2014	1.54	3.62
2013	1.59	3.7
2012	1.65	3.77
2011	1.72	3.83
2010	1.8	3.88
2009	1.88	3.95
2008	1.95	4.01
2007	2.02	4.09
2006	2.09	4.14
2005	2.15	4.2
2004	2.2	4.19
2003	2.24	4.18
2002	2.27	4.14
2001	2.3	4.13
2000	2.35	4.16
1999	2.47	4.23
1998	2.57	4.31
1997	2.68	4.38
1996	2.77	4.46
1995	2.85	4.56
1994	2.93	4.66
1993	2.99	4.73
1992	3.03	4.79
1991	3	4.85
1990	2.96	4.93
1989	2.93	5.01
1988	2.98	5.1
1987	3.02	5.19
1986	3.11	5.27
1985	3.21	5.34
1984	3.32	5.41
1983	3.41	5.45
1982	3.46	5.5
1981	3.51	5.55
1980	3.59	5.6
1979	3.72	5.65
1978	3.84	5.68
1977	4	5.7
1976	4.21	5.73
1975	4.44	5.75
1974	4.67	5.77
1973	5	5.8
1972	5.06	5.86
1971	5.21	5.96
1970	5.35	6.07
1969	5.47	6.17
1968	5.58	6.23
1967	5.67	6.29
1966	5.69	6.35
1965	5.72	6.41
1964	5.79	6.46
1963	5.73	6.52
1962	5.64	6.57
1961	5.6	6.61
1960	5.54	6.65

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Jamaica was 1.36 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.13 in Tonga in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Jamaica vs Tonga population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Jamaica

Tonga

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Jamaica	Tonga
2023	10,072	1,744
2022	11,215	1,772
2021	6,382	1,773
2020	12,170	1,816
2019	13,094	1,841
2018	13,929	1,873
2017	15,419	1,912
2016	16,944	1,989
2015	18,489	2,064
2014	19,751	2,135
2013	21,037	2,199
2012	22,320	2,255
2011	23,627	2,298
2010	25,031	2,332
2009	26,311	2,358
2008	27,553	2,397
2007	28,886	2,423
2006	30,213	2,459
2005	31,506	2,495
2004	32,500	2,478
2003	33,340	2,448
2002	33,572	2,396
2001	33,666	2,358
2000	34,452	2,346
1999	36,649	2,352
1998	38,628	2,344
1997	40,521	2,332
1996	42,297	2,393
1995	43,705	2,476
1994	45,210	2,547
1993	46,090	2,594
1992	46,494	2,622
1991	45,617	2,637
1990	44,465	2,641
1989	43,591	2,644
1988	43,978	2,649
1987	44,155	2,646
1986	44,520	2,704
1985	45,122	2,762
1984	45,644	2,814
1983	45,095	2,840
1982	43,816	2,853
1981	42,898	2,882
1980	42,316	2,885
1979	42,449	2,884
1978	42,475	2,862
1977	42,999	2,822
1976	43,878	2,769
1975	44,736	2,709
1974	45,526	2,650
1973	47,438	2,617
1972	46,676	2,605
1971	47,206	2,611
1970	47,547	2,628
1969	48,258	2,632
1968	49,189	2,614
1967	50,187	2,603
1966	50,808	2,550
1965	51,423	2,498
1964	52,501	2,445
1963	52,277	2,394
1962	51,758	2,343
1961	51,931	2,284
1960	51,944	2,230

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.35% in Jamaica and +1.67% in Tonga.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.49% in Jamaica and +1.79% in Tonga.

Birth rate in Jamaica vs Tonga by year

Chart Table

Jamaica

Tonga

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Jamaica	Tonga
2023	11.6	23.1
2022	11.9	23.4
2021	12	23.5
2020	12	23.6
2019	12.2	23.8
2018	12.3	24.1
2017	12.6	24.5
2016	12.9	25.2
2015	13.3	25.8
2014	13.6	26.4
2013	14	26.9
2012	14.4	27.3
2011	14.9	27.7
2010	15.6	28
2009	16.2	28.4
2008	16.7	28.7
2007	17.3	29
2006	17.9	29.5
2005	18.4	30
2004	18.8	30
2003	19.2	29.9
2002	19.4	29.5
2001	19.7	29.4
2000	20.1	29.4
1999	21.2	29.6
1998	22.2	29.7
1997	23.1	29.8
1996	24	30.6
1995	24.8	31.4
1994	25.6	32.2
1993	26.2	32.7
1992	26.7	33
1991	26.5	33.2
1990	26.2	33.3
1989	25.9	33.4
1988	26.3	33.5
1987	26.6	33.7
1986	27.1	34.4
1985	27.7	34.9
1984	28.3	35.4
1983	28.6	35.6
1982	28.4	35.8
1981	28.3	36
1980	28.3	36.1
1979	28.6	36.1
1978	28.7	36
1977	29.2	35.7
1976	29.8	35.6
1975	30.5	35.8
1974	31.3	36
1973	32.6	36.5
1972	32.6	37
1971	33.1	37.8
1970	33.8	38.8
1969	34.5	39.6
1968	35.4	40.3
1967	36.3	41
1966	37	41.4
1965	37.8	41.9
1964	38.9	42.4
1963	39.2	42.9
1962	39.4	43.4
1961	40	43.9
1960	40.5	44.3

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 11.6 in Jamaica and 23.1 in Tonga, compared with 40.5 and 44.3, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Jamaica

Factual

UN forecast

Tonga

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Jamaica	Tonga
2100	10.7%	17.5%
2099	10.7%	17.6%
2098	10.7%	17.7%
2097	10.7%	17.7%
2096	10.6%	17.9%
2095	10.6%	18%
2094	10.6%	18.1%
2093	10.6%	18.3%
2092	10.5%	18.4%
2091	10.5%	18.6%
2090	10.5%	18.8%
2089	10.5%	19%
2088	10.5%	19.3%
2087	10.5%	19.5%
2086	10.5%	19.7%
2085	10.4%	20%
2084	10.4%	20.2%
2083	10.4%	20.4%
2082	10.4%	20.7%
2081	10.5%	20.9%
2080	10.5%	21.1%
2079	10.5%	21.3%
2078	10.5%	21.5%
2077	10.5%	21.7%
2076	10.5%	21.9%
2075	10.6%	22%
2074	10.6%	22.2%
2073	10.6%	22.3%
2072	10.6%	22.4%
2071	10.7%	22.6%
2070	10.7%	22.7%
2069	10.8%	22.8%
2068	10.8%	23%
2067	10.8%	23.2%
2066	10.9%	23.4%
2065	11%	23.6%
2064	11%	23.8%
2063	11.1%	24.1%
2062	11.2%	24.4%
2061	11.2%	24.7%
2060	11.3%	25%
2059	11.4%	25.4%
2058	11.5%	25.8%
2057	11.6%	26.2%
2056	11.7%	26.6%
2055	11.8%	27%
2054	12%	27.4%
2053	12.1%	27.8%
2052	12.2%	28.2%
2051	12.4%	28.5%
2050	12.6%	28.9%
2049	12.7%	29.1%
2048	12.9%	29.4%
2047	13.1%	29.6%
2046	13.3%	29.7%
2045	13.5%	29.8%
2044	13.7%	29.9%
2043	13.9%	30%
2042	14.1%	30.1%
2041	14.3%	30.1%
2040	14.5%	30.2%
2039	14.7%	30.2%
2038	14.9%	30.3%
2037	15.2%	30.4%
2036	15.4%	30.6%
2035	15.6%	30.7%
2034	15.8%	30.9%
2033	16.1%	31.1%
2032	16.3%	31.4%
2031	16.5%	31.8%
2030	16.8%	32.3%
2029	17.1%	33%
2028	17.4%	33.6%
2027	17.7%	34.1%
2026	18.1%	34.6%
2025	18.5%	35.2%
2024	18.7%	35.4%
2023	19.1%	35.6%
2022	19.6%	35.6%
2021	20%	35.7%
2020	20.6%	35.8%
2019	21.1%	36%
2018	21.7%	36.2%
2017	22.3%	36.4%
2016	22.8%	36.5%
2015	23.4%	36.7%
2014	24%	36.9%
2013	24.7%	37.1%
2012	25.4%	37.2%
2011	26.2%	37.4%
2010	26.9%	37.6%
2009	27.7%	37.8%
2008	28.5%	38%
2007	29.3%	38.3%
2006	30%	38.3%
2005	30.6%	38.3%
2004	31.2%	38.2%
2003	31.7%	38.1%
2002	32.2%	38.1%
2001	32.7%	38.2%
2000	33.2%	38.3%
1999	33.8%	38.6%
1998	34.2%	38.9%
1997	34.6%	39.3%
1996	34.9%	39.7%
1995	35.1%	39.9%
1994	35.2%	40.1%
1993	35.3%	40.3%
1992	35.4%	40.5%
1991	35.5%	40.6%
1990	35.8%	40.8%
1989	36.1%	40.9%
1988	36.5%	41.2%
1987	36.8%	41.5%
1986	37.2%	41.7%
1985	37.5%	42%
1984	37.9%	42.4%
1983	38.2%	42.9%
1982	38.7%	43.4%
1981	39.2%	43.9%
1980	39.8%	44.3%
1979	40.4%	44.8%
1978	41%	45.3%
1977	41.7%	45.8%
1976	42.3%	46.1%
1975	42.9%	46.2%
1974	43.5%	46.2%
1973	44%	46.2%
1972	44.4%	46.3%
1971	44.8%	46.4%
1970	45%	46.4%
1969	45%	46.3%
1968	44.9%	46.2%
1967	44.6%	46%
1966	44.3%	45.9%
1965	43.9%	45.9%
1964	43.3%	45.9%
1963	42.7%	45.9%
1962	42.2%	45.8%
1961	41.7%	45.7%
1960	41.2%	45.7%

Children aged 0-14 make up 18.7% of the population in Jamaica and 35.4% in Tonga in 2024, compared to 35.8% and 40.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Jamaica and Tonga compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Jamaica vs Tonga

Chart Table

Jamaica

Tonga

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Jamaica	Tonga
2023	130	67
2022	138	72
2021	186	76
2020	126	74
2019	120	73
2018	112	74
2017	106	77
2016	102	78
2015	100	79
2014	100	80
2013	94	80
2012	89	83
2011	89	84
2010	94	85
2009	93	91
2008	91	88
2007	89	88
2006	89	89
2005	81	92
2004	77	92
2003	79	95
2002	81	98
2001	82	98
2000	82	100
1999	81	99
1998	80	104
1997	79	111
1996	77	113
1995	74	117
1994	71	123
1993	67	127
1992	62	129
1991	58	134
1990	54	138
1989	50	139
1988	48	145
1987	46	147
1986	45	149
1985	45	148

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 130 deaths per 100,000 live births in Jamaica, compared to 67 deaths in Tonga.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Jamaica

Tonga

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Jamaica	Tonga
2023	1.93%	0.99%
2022	1.93%	1.02%
2021	1.91%	1.05%
2020	1.9%	1.08%
2019	1.88%	1.1%
2018	1.87%	1.12%
2017	1.86%	1.15%
2016	1.86%	1.17%
2015	1.87%	1.19%
2014	1.87%	1.22%
2013	1.88%	1.24%
2012	1.89%	1.26%
2011	1.9%	1.29%
2010	1.91%	1.31%
2009	1.91%	1.34%
2008	1.92%	1.37%
2007	1.92%	1.41%
2006	1.91%	1.44%
2005	1.92%	1.48%
2004	1.92%	1.52%
2003	1.94%	1.56%
2002	1.97%	1.61%
2001	2%	1.65%
2000	2.06%	1.7%
1999	2.12%	1.74%
1998	2.19%	1.78%
1997	2.27%	1.81%
1996	2.35%	1.85%
1995	2.43%	1.89%
1994	2.51%	1.94%
1993	2.58%	2%
1992	2.66%	2.06%
1991	2.73%	2.14%
1990	2.8%	2.21%
1989	2.88%	2.29%
1988	2.96%	2.37%
1987	3.04%	2.44%
1986	3.13%	2.51%
1985	3.22%	2.57%
1984	3.32%	2.63%
1983	3.43%	2.7%
1982	3.54%	2.78%
1981	3.66%	2.87%
1980	3.78%	2.97%
1979	3.92%	3.09%
1978	4.06%	3.22%
1977	4.21%	3.37%
1976	4.37%	3.53%
1975	4.55%	3.71%
1974	4.74%	3.9%
1973	4.95%	4.11%
1972	5.18%	4.35%
1971	5.41%	4.61%
1970	5.64%	4.91%
1969	5.87%	5.25%
1968	6.08%	5.63%
1967	6.28%	6.03%
1966	6.49%	6.45%
1965	6.69%	6.89%
1964	6.91%	7.35%
1963	7.17%	7.83%
1962	7.45%	-
1961	7.79%	-
1960	8.17%	-

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.93% in Jamaica and 0.99% in Tonga. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.