Fertility & birth rates in Tonga and United Kingdom

Fertility rate in Tonga vs United Kingdom by year

Chart Table

Tonga

United Kingdom

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Tonga	United Kingdom
2023	3.13	1.56
2022	3.17	1.56
2021	3.2	1.58
2020	3.23	1.57
2019	3.27	1.63
2018	3.33	1.68
2017	3.39	1.74
2016	3.46	1.79
2015	3.54	1.8
2014	3.62	1.81
2013	3.7	1.83
2012	3.77	1.92
2011	3.83	1.91
2010	3.88	1.92
2009	3.95	1.89
2008	4.01	1.91
2007	4.09	1.86
2006	4.14	1.82
2005	4.2	1.76
2004	4.19	1.75
2003	4.18	1.7
2002	4.14	1.63
2001	4.13	1.63
2000	4.16	1.64
1999	4.23	1.68
1998	4.31	1.71
1997	4.38	1.72
1996	4.46	1.73
1995	4.56	1.71
1994	4.66	1.74
1993	4.73	1.76
1992	4.79	1.79
1991	4.85	1.82
1990	4.93	1.83
1989	5.01	1.79
1988	5.1	1.82
1987	5.19	1.81
1986	5.27	1.78
1985	5.34	1.79
1984	5.41	1.77
1983	5.45	1.77
1982	5.5	1.78
1981	5.55	1.82
1980	5.6	1.9
1979	5.65	1.86
1978	5.68	1.75
1977	5.7	1.69
1976	5.73	1.74
1975	5.75	1.81
1974	5.77	1.92
1973	5.8	2.04
1972	5.86	2.2
1971	5.96	2.41
1970	6.07	2.44
1969	6.17	2.51
1968	6.23	2.6
1967	6.29	2.68
1966	6.35	2.78
1965	6.41	2.86
1964	6.46	2.93
1963	6.52	2.88
1962	6.57	2.86
1961	6.61	2.78
1960	6.65	2.69

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Tonga was 3.13 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.56 in the United Kingdom in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Tonga vs the United Kingdom population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Tonga

United Kingdom

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Tonga	United Kingdom
2023	1,744	34,589
2022	1,772	39,751
2021	1,773	30,612
2020	1,816	-4,272
2019	1,841	108,342
2018	1,873	119,321
2017	1,912	145,125
2016	1,989	177,139
2015	2,064	175,738
2014	2,135	206,784
2013	2,199	198,830
2012	2,255	248,473
2011	2,298	259,361
2010	2,332	251,066
2009	2,358	230,422
2008	2,397	216,325
2007	2,423	196,232
2006	2,459	176,455
2005	2,495	144,963
2004	2,478	131,974
2003	2,448	89,471
2002	2,396	65,308
2001	2,358	65,032
2000	2,346	70,671
1999	2,352	64,551
1998	2,344	87,730
1997	2,332	99,138
1996	2,393	98,884
1995	2,476	87,028
1994	2,547	127,304
1993	2,594	103,893
1992	2,622	149,709
1991	2,637	143,562
1990	2,641	154,569
1989	2,644	119,861
1988	2,649	136,628
1987	2,646	136,325
1986	2,704	90,690
1985	2,762	79,170
1984	2,814	84,633
1983	2,840	61,966
1982	2,853	56,314
1981	2,882	73,234
1980	2,885	95,734
1979	2,884	61,872
1978	2,862	16,859
1977	2,822	0
1976	2,769	-5,621
1975	2,709	33,735
1974	2,650	67,476
1973	2,617	112,389
1972	2,605	162,650
1971	2,611	257,123
1970	2,628	244,918
1969	2,632	260,577
1968	2,614	292,622
1967	2,603	346,145
1966	2,550	333,356
1965	2,498	364,132
1964	2,445	405,000
1963	2,394	337,995
1962	2,343	340,800
1961	2,284	311,519
1960	2,230	314,400

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +1.67% in Tonga and +0.05% in the United Kingdom.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +1.79% in Tonga and +0.16% in the United Kingdom.

Birth rate in Tonga vs United Kingdom by year

Chart Table

Tonga

United Kingdom

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Tonga	United Kingdom
2023	23.1	10
2022	23.4	10.1
2021	23.5	10.2
2020	23.6	10.2
2019	23.8	10.6
2018	24.1	11
2017	24.5	11.4
2016	25.2	11.8
2015	25.8	11.9
2014	26.4	12
2013	26.9	12.1
2012	27.3	12.8
2011	27.7	12.8
2010	28	12.9
2009	28.4	12.7
2008	28.7	12.9
2007	29	12.6
2006	29.5	12.3
2005	30	12
2004	30	11.9
2003	29.9	11.7
2002	29.5	11.3
2001	29.4	11.3
2000	29.4	11.5
1999	29.6	11.9
1998	29.7	12.3
1997	29.8	12.5
1996	30.6	12.6
1995	31.4	12.6
1994	32.2	13
1993	32.7	13.2
1992	33	13.6
1991	33.2	13.8
1990	33.3	13.9
1989	33.4	13.6
1988	33.5	13.8
1987	33.7	13.7
1986	34.4	13.3
1985	34.9	13.3
1984	35.4	12.9
1983	35.6	12.8
1982	35.8	12.8
1981	36	13
1980	36.1	13.4
1979	36.1	13.1
1978	36	12.2
1977	35.7	11.7
1976	35.6	12
1975	35.8	12.4
1974	36	13.1
1973	36.5	13.9
1972	37	14.9
1971	37.8	16.1
1970	38.8	16.2
1969	39.6	16.6
1968	40.3	17.2
1967	41	17.5
1966	41.4	17.9
1965	41.9	18.3
1964	42.4	18.8
1963	42.9	18.5
1962	43.4	18.3
1961	43.9	17.9
1960	44.3	17.5

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 23.1 in Tonga and 10 in the United Kingdom, compared with 44.3 and 17.5, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Tonga

Factual

UN forecast

United Kingdom

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Tonga	United Kingdom
2100	17.5%	13.4%
2099	17.6%	13.4%
2098	17.7%	13.4%
2097	17.7%	13.5%
2096	17.9%	13.5%
2095	18%	13.6%
2094	18.1%	13.6%
2093	18.3%	13.7%
2092	18.4%	13.7%
2091	18.6%	13.8%
2090	18.8%	13.8%
2089	19%	13.8%
2088	19.3%	13.9%
2087	19.5%	13.9%
2086	19.7%	13.9%
2085	20%	13.9%
2084	20.2%	13.9%
2083	20.4%	13.9%
2082	20.7%	13.9%
2081	20.9%	13.9%
2080	21.1%	13.9%
2079	21.3%	13.8%
2078	21.5%	13.8%
2077	21.7%	13.8%
2076	21.9%	13.8%
2075	22%	13.8%
2074	22.2%	13.8%
2073	22.3%	13.8%
2072	22.4%	13.8%
2071	22.6%	13.8%
2070	22.7%	13.8%
2069	22.8%	13.8%
2068	23%	13.9%
2067	23.2%	13.9%
2066	23.4%	14%
2065	23.6%	14.1%
2064	23.8%	14.2%
2063	24.1%	14.3%
2062	24.4%	14.4%
2061	24.7%	14.5%
2060	25%	14.5%
2059	25.4%	14.6%
2058	25.8%	14.7%
2057	26.2%	14.8%
2056	26.6%	14.9%
2055	27%	15%
2054	27.4%	15%
2053	27.8%	15%
2052	28.2%	15.1%
2051	28.5%	15.1%
2050	28.9%	15.1%
2049	29.1%	15%
2048	29.4%	15%
2047	29.6%	15%
2046	29.7%	14.9%
2045	29.8%	14.9%
2044	29.9%	14.9%
2043	30%	14.8%
2042	30.1%	14.8%
2041	30.1%	14.8%
2040	30.2%	14.8%
2039	30.2%	14.8%
2038	30.3%	14.9%
2037	30.4%	14.9%
2036	30.6%	14.9%
2035	30.7%	15%
2034	30.9%	15.1%
2033	31.1%	15.3%
2032	31.4%	15.4%
2031	31.8%	15.6%
2030	32.3%	15.9%
2029	33%	16.1%
2028	33.6%	16.3%
2027	34.1%	16.6%
2026	34.6%	16.8%
2025	35.2%	17.1%
2024	35.4%	17.2%
2023	35.6%	17.4%
2022	35.6%	17.6%
2021	35.7%	17.8%
2020	35.8%	18%
2019	36%	18%
2018	36.2%	18.1%
2017	36.4%	18%
2016	36.5%	18%
2015	36.7%	17.9%
2014	36.9%	17.8%
2013	37.1%	17.8%
2012	37.2%	17.8%
2011	37.4%	17.7%
2010	37.6%	17.8%
2009	37.8%	17.8%
2008	38%	17.8%
2007	38.3%	17.9%
2006	38.3%	18%
2005	38.3%	18.2%
2004	38.2%	18.3%
2003	38.1%	18.4%
2002	38.1%	18.5%
2001	38.2%	18.7%
2000	38.3%	18.9%
1999	38.6%	19.2%
1998	38.9%	19.3%
1997	39.3%	19.3%
1996	39.7%	19.4%
1995	39.9%	19.5%
1994	40.1%	19.6%
1993	40.3%	19.5%
1992	40.5%	19.4%
1991	40.6%	19.3%
1990	40.8%	19.1%
1989	40.9%	19.1%
1988	41.2%	18.9%
1987	41.5%	18.9%
1986	41.7%	19.1%
1985	42%	19.3%
1984	42.4%	19.5%
1983	42.9%	19.8%
1982	43.4%	20.2%
1981	43.9%	20.6%
1980	44.3%	21%
1979	44.8%	21.4%
1978	45.3%	21.9%
1977	45.8%	22.4%
1976	46.1%	22.9%
1975	46.2%	23.3%
1974	46.2%	23.6%
1973	46.2%	23.9%
1972	46.3%	24%
1971	46.4%	24.1%
1970	46.4%	24.1%
1969	46.3%	24%
1968	46.2%	23.9%
1967	46%	23.7%
1966	45.9%	23.5%
1965	45.9%	23.4%
1964	45.9%	23.3%
1963	45.9%	23.2%
1962	45.8%	23.2%
1961	45.7%	23.3%
1960	45.7%	23.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 35.4% of the population in Tonga and 17.2% in the United Kingdom in 2024, compared to 40.8% and 19.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Tonga and the United Kingdom compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Tonga vs United Kingdom

Chart Table

Tonga

United Kingdom

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Tonga	United Kingdom
2023	67	8
2022	72	15
2021	76	13
2020	74	14
2019	73	9
2018	74	9
2017	77	9
2016	78	9
2015	79	9
2014	80	9
2013	80	9
2012	83	9
2011	84	10
2010	85	10
2009	91	11
2008	88	11
2007	88	11
2006	89	12
2005	92	12
2004	92	13
2003	95	14
2002	98	13
2001	98	13
2000	100	12
1999	99	11
1998	104	10
1997	111	9
1996	113	8
1995	117	9
1994	123	9
1993	127	8
1992	129	7
1991	134	7
1990	138	6
1989	139	5
1988	145	4
1987	147	3
1986	149	2
1985	148	2

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 67 deaths per 100,000 live births in Tonga, compared to 8 deaths in the United Kingdom.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Tonga

United Kingdom

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Tonga	United Kingdom
2023	0.99%	0.45%
2022	1.02%	0.45%
2021	1.05%	0.44%
2020	1.08%	0.44%
2019	1.1%	0.44%
2018	1.12%	0.44%
2017	1.15%	0.44%
2016	1.17%	0.44%
2015	1.19%	0.45%
2014	1.22%	0.45%
2013	1.24%	0.46%
2012	1.26%	0.48%
2011	1.29%	0.5%
2010	1.31%	0.52%
2009	1.34%	0.54%
2008	1.37%	0.56%
2007	1.41%	0.58%
2006	1.44%	0.59%
2005	1.48%	0.6%
2004	1.52%	0.61%
2003	1.56%	0.63%
2002	1.61%	0.63%
2001	1.65%	0.64%
2000	1.7%	0.65%
1999	1.74%	0.67%
1998	1.78%	0.68%
1997	1.81%	0.69%
1996	1.85%	0.7%
1995	1.89%	0.72%
1994	1.94%	0.74%
1993	2%	0.77%
1992	2.06%	0.82%
1991	2.14%	0.87%
1990	2.21%	0.93%
1989	2.29%	0.99%
1988	2.37%	1.04%
1987	2.44%	1.08%
1986	2.51%	1.11%
1985	2.57%	1.14%
1984	2.63%	1.17%
1983	2.7%	1.22%
1982	2.78%	1.27%
1981	2.87%	1.34%
1980	2.97%	1.41%
1979	3.09%	1.49%
1978	3.22%	1.57%
1977	3.37%	1.64%
1976	3.53%	1.72%
1975	3.71%	1.8%
1974	3.9%	1.87%
1973	4.11%	1.94%
1972	4.35%	2%
1971	4.61%	2.06%
1970	4.91%	2.1%
1969	5.25%	2.14%
1968	5.63%	2.18%
1967	6.03%	2.22%
1966	6.45%	2.28%
1965	6.89%	2.34%
1964	7.35%	2.42%
1963	7.83%	2.49%
1962	-	2.56%
1961	-	2.61%
1960	-	2.66%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.99% in Tonga and 0.45% in the United Kingdom. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.