Fertility & birth rates in Tonga and Tuvalu

Fertility rate in Tonga vs Tuvalu by year

Chart Table

Tonga

Tuvalu

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Tonga	Tuvalu
2023	3.13	3.21
2022	3.17	3.24
2021	3.2	3.28
2020	3.23	3.31
2019	3.27	3.33
2018	3.33	3.33
2017	3.39	3.3
2016	3.46	3.3
2015	3.54	3.31
2014	3.62	3.33
2013	3.7	3.39
2012	3.77	3.47
2011	3.83	3.46
2010	3.88	3.44
2009	3.95	3.43
2008	4.01	3.42
2007	4.09	3.45
2006	4.14	3.53
2005	4.2	3.55
2004	4.19	3.55
2003	4.18	3.58
2002	4.14	3.64
2001	4.13	3.75
2000	4.16	3.84
1999	4.23	3.92
1998	4.31	3.95
1997	4.38	3.95
1996	4.46	3.95
1995	4.56	3.96
1994	4.66	3.92
1993	4.73	3.92
1992	4.79	3.86
1991	4.85	3.79
1990	4.93	3.75
1989	5.01	3.8
1988	5.1	3.88
1987	5.19	3.94
1986	5.27	3.97
1985	5.34	3.97
1984	5.41	3.95
1983	5.45	3.91
1982	5.5	3.88
1981	5.55	3.8
1980	5.6	3.73
1979	5.65	3.65
1978	5.68	3.59
1977	5.7	3.56
1976	5.73	3.55
1975	5.75	3.58
1974	5.77	3.63
1973	5.8	3.71
1972	5.86	3.81
1971	5.96	3.94
1970	6.07	4.08
1969	6.17	4.23
1968	6.23	4.36
1967	6.29	4.49
1966	6.35	4.64
1965	6.41	4.73
1964	6.46	4.83
1963	6.52	4.91
1962	6.57	5
1961	6.61	5.09
1960	6.65	5.15

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Tonga was 3.13 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.21 in Tuvalu in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Tonga vs Tuvalu population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Tonga

Tuvalu

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Tonga	Tuvalu
2023	1,744	137
2022	1,772	150
2021	1,773	151
2020	1,816	161
2019	1,841	166
2018	1,873	169
2017	1,912	163
2016	1,989	157
2015	2,064	153
2014	2,135	149
2013	2,199	148
2012	2,255	148
2011	2,298	142
2010	2,332	136
2009	2,358	130
2008	2,397	125
2007	2,423	125
2006	2,459	129
2005	2,495	131
2004	2,478	132
2003	2,448	136
2002	2,396	141
2001	2,358	151
2000	2,346	159
1999	2,352	166
1998	2,344	172
1997	2,332	177
1996	2,393	182
1995	2,476	191
1994	2,547	195
1993	2,594	202
1992	2,622	196
1991	2,637	203
1990	2,641	204
1989	2,644	208
1988	2,649	215
1987	2,646	219
1986	2,704	219
1985	2,762	215
1984	2,814	212
1983	2,840	206
1982	2,853	198
1981	2,882	186
1980	2,885	173
1979	2,884	158
1978	2,862	141
1977	2,822	128
1976	2,769	117
1975	2,709	108
1974	2,650	102
1973	2,617	101
1972	2,605	94
1971	2,611	101
1970	2,628	102
1969	2,632	102
1968	2,614	97
1967	2,603	92
1966	2,550	91
1965	2,498	93
1964	2,445	98
1963	2,394	106
1962	2,343	113
1961	2,284	120
1960	2,230	126

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +1.67% in Tonga and +1.39% in Tuvalu.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +1.79% in Tonga and +1.48% in Tuvalu.

Birth rate in Tonga vs Tuvalu by year

Chart Table

Tonga

Tuvalu

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Tonga	Tuvalu
2023	23.1	23.1
2022	23.4	24.1
2021	23.5	24.4
2020	23.6	24.6
2019	23.8	24.9
2018	24.1	24.9
2017	24.5	24.3
2016	25.2	23.8
2015	25.8	23.3
2014	26.4	23
2013	26.9	22.8
2012	27.3	22.9
2011	27.7	22.5
2010	28	22.2
2009	28.4	21.9
2008	28.7	21.7
2007	29	21.9
2006	29.5	22.4
2005	30	22.7
2004	30	23.1
2003	29.9	23.6
2002	29.5	24.5
2001	29.4	25.6
2000	29.4	26.6
1999	29.6	27.6
1998	29.7	28.4
1997	29.8	29
1996	30.6	29.8
1995	31.4	30.8
1994	32.2	31.5
1993	32.7	32.6
1992	33	33.1
1991	33.2	33.3
1990	33.3	33.7
1989	33.4	34.7
1988	33.5	36
1987	33.7	36.9
1986	34.4	37.4
1985	34.9	37.5
1984	35.4	37.4
1983	35.6	36.9
1982	35.8	36.2
1981	36	35
1980	36.1	33.7
1979	36.1	32.3
1978	36	30.6
1977	35.7	29.5
1976	35.6	28.8
1975	35.8	28.5
1974	36	28.6
1973	36.5	29.4
1972	37	29.5
1971	37.8	30
1970	38.8	30.5
1969	39.6	31.1
1968	40.3	30.6
1967	41	30.2
1966	41.4	30.4
1965	41.9	31
1964	42.4	32.4
1963	42.9	34.3
1962	43.4	36.5
1961	43.9	38.8
1960	44.3	40.8

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 23.1 in Tonga and 23.1 in Tuvalu, compared with 44.3 and 40.8, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Tonga

Factual

UN forecast

Tuvalu

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Tonga	Tuvalu
2100	17.5%	19%
2099	17.6%	19%
2098	17.7%	19.2%
2097	17.7%	19.3%
2096	17.9%	19.4%
2095	18%	19.6%
2094	18.1%	19.7%
2093	18.3%	19.9%
2092	18.4%	20.1%
2091	18.6%	20.3%
2090	18.8%	20.5%
2089	19%	20.6%
2088	19.3%	20.8%
2087	19.5%	21%
2086	19.7%	21.2%
2085	20%	21.4%
2084	20.2%	21.5%
2083	20.4%	21.7%
2082	20.7%	21.8%
2081	20.9%	21.9%
2080	21.1%	22%
2079	21.3%	22.1%
2078	21.5%	22.1%
2077	21.7%	22.2%
2076	21.9%	22.3%
2075	22%	22.4%
2074	22.2%	22.5%
2073	22.3%	22.6%
2072	22.4%	22.7%
2071	22.6%	22.8%
2070	22.7%	22.9%
2069	22.8%	23.1%
2068	23%	23.3%
2067	23.2%	23.5%
2066	23.4%	23.8%
2065	23.6%	24.1%
2064	23.8%	24.4%
2063	24.1%	24.7%
2062	24.4%	25.1%
2061	24.7%	25.4%
2060	25%	25.7%
2059	25.4%	26.1%
2058	25.8%	26.5%
2057	26.2%	26.8%
2056	26.6%	27.1%
2055	27%	27.3%
2054	27.4%	27.5%
2053	27.8%	27.7%
2052	28.2%	27.8%
2051	28.5%	27.9%
2050	28.9%	27.9%
2049	29.1%	27.8%
2048	29.4%	27.7%
2047	29.6%	27.6%
2046	29.7%	27.4%
2045	29.8%	27.3%
2044	29.9%	27.1%
2043	30%	27%
2042	30.1%	26.9%
2041	30.1%	26.9%
2040	30.2%	26.9%
2039	30.2%	27%
2038	30.3%	27.3%
2037	30.4%	27.7%
2036	30.6%	28%
2035	30.7%	28.4%
2034	30.9%	29%
2033	31.1%	29.6%
2032	31.4%	30.3%
2031	31.8%	30.9%
2030	32.3%	31.5%
2029	33%	32.1%
2028	33.6%	32.6%
2027	34.1%	32.9%
2026	34.6%	33%
2025	35.2%	33%
2024	35.4%	32.9%
2023	35.6%	32.6%
2022	35.6%	32%
2021	35.7%	31.6%
2020	35.8%	31.7%
2019	36%	31.7%
2018	36.2%	31.6%
2017	36.4%	31.6%
2016	36.5%	31.8%
2015	36.7%	31.9%
2014	36.9%	32.1%
2013	37.1%	32.4%
2012	37.2%	32.5%
2011	37.4%	32.6%
2010	37.6%	32.8%
2009	37.8%	33.1%
2008	38%	33.5%
2007	38.3%	34%
2006	38.3%	34.5%
2005	38.3%	35%
2004	38.2%	35.5%
2003	38.1%	36%
2002	38.1%	36.3%
2001	38.2%	36.3%
2000	38.3%	36.3%
1999	38.6%	36.2%
1998	38.9%	36.3%
1997	39.3%	36.3%
1996	39.7%	36.3%
1995	39.9%	36.2%
1994	40.1%	36.1%
1993	40.3%	35.9%
1992	40.5%	35.4%
1991	40.6%	35%
1990	40.8%	34.5%
1989	40.9%	34.1%
1988	41.2%	33.5%
1987	41.5%	32.9%
1986	41.7%	32.3%
1985	42%	31.7%
1984	42.4%	31.6%
1983	42.9%	32.1%
1982	43.4%	32.8%
1981	43.9%	33.4%
1980	44.3%	34%
1979	44.8%	34.5%
1978	45.3%	35.5%
1977	45.8%	37%
1976	46.1%	38.1%
1975	46.2%	38.9%
1974	46.2%	39.4%
1973	46.2%	40.2%
1972	46.3%	41.3%
1971	46.4%	42.3%
1970	46.4%	43.2%
1969	46.3%	43.9%
1968	46.2%	44.3%
1967	46%	44.1%
1966	45.9%	43.9%
1965	45.9%	43.9%
1964	45.9%	44.1%
1963	45.9%	43.9%
1962	45.8%	43.1%
1961	45.7%	42.1%
1960	45.7%	41%

Children aged 0-14 make up 35.4% of the population in Tonga and 32.9% in Tuvalu in 2024, compared to 40.8% and 34.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Tonga and Tuvalu compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Tonga vs Tuvalu

Chart Table

Tonga

Tuvalu

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Tonga	Tuvalu
2023	67	170
2022	72	220
2021	76	157
2020	74	206
2019	73	155
2018	74	153
2017	77	171
2016	78	170
2015	79	169
2014	80	168
2013	80	168
2012	83	168
2011	84	169
2010	85	213
2009	91	215
2008	88	219
2007	88	222
2006	89	226
2005	92	230
2004	92	209
2003	95	210
2002	98	234
2001	98	235
2000	100	237
1999	99	242
1998	104	245
1997	111	249
1996	113	277
1995	117	281
1994	123	284
1993	127	286
1992	129	312
1991	134	289
1990	138	291
1989	139	296
1988	145	300
1987	147	252
1986	149	226
1985	148	230

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 67 deaths per 100,000 live births in Tonga, compared to 170 deaths in Tuvalu.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Tonga

Tuvalu

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Tonga	Tuvalu
2023	0.99%	1.99%
2022	1.02%	2.05%
2021	1.05%	2.12%
2020	1.08%	2.19%
2019	1.1%	2.27%
2018	1.12%	2.35%
2017	1.15%	2.43%
2016	1.17%	2.52%
2015	1.19%	2.61%
2014	1.22%	2.71%
2013	1.24%	2.8%
2012	1.26%	2.91%
2011	1.29%	3.02%
2010	1.31%	3.14%
2009	1.34%	3.28%
2008	1.37%	3.42%
2007	1.41%	3.56%
2006	1.44%	3.68%
2005	1.48%	3.8%
2004	1.52%	3.89%
2003	1.56%	3.98%
2002	1.61%	4.07%
2001	1.65%	4.16%
2000	1.7%	4.26%
1999	1.74%	4.39%
1998	1.78%	4.52%
1997	1.81%	4.67%
1996	1.85%	4.81%
1995	1.89%	4.94%
1994	1.94%	5.05%
1993	2%	5.15%
1992	2.06%	5.24%
1991	2.14%	5.31%
1990	2.21%	5.37%
1989	2.29%	5.42%
1988	2.37%	5.47%
1987	2.44%	5.53%
1986	2.51%	5.59%
1985	2.57%	5.66%
1984	2.63%	5.76%
1983	2.7%	5.9%
1982	2.78%	6.06%
1981	2.87%	6.26%
1980	2.97%	6.49%
1979	3.09%	6.76%
1978	3.22%	7.08%
1977	3.37%	7.43%
1976	3.53%	7.84%
1975	3.71%	8.31%
1974	3.9%	8.81%
1973	4.11%	9.37%
1972	4.35%	9.93%
1971	4.61%	10.5%
1970	4.91%	11.1%
1969	5.25%	11.7%
1968	5.63%	12.3%
1967	6.03%	12.9%
1966	6.45%	13.6%
1965	6.89%	14.2%
1964	7.35%	14.9%
1963	7.83%	15.6%
1962	-	16.3%
1961	-	17%
1960	-	17.7%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.99% in Tonga and 1.99% in Tuvalu. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.