Fertility & birth rates in Singapore and Tonga

Fertility rate in Singapore vs Tonga chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Singapore was 0.97 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.13 in Tonga in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Singapore vs Tonga population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Singapore	Tonga
1960	5.76	6.65
1961	5.41	6.61
1962	5.21	6.57
1963	5.16	6.52
1964	4.97	6.46
1965	4.66	6.41
1966	4.46	6.35
1967	3.91	6.29
1968	3.53	6.23
1969	3.22	6.17
1970	3.07	6.07
1971	3.02	5.96
1972	3.04	5.86
1973	2.79	5.8
1974	2.35	5.77
1975	2.07	5.75
1976	2.11	5.73
1977	1.82	5.7
1978	1.79	5.68
1979	1.79	5.65
1980	1.82	5.6
1981	1.78	5.55
1982	1.74	5.5
1983	1.61	5.45
1984	1.62	5.41
1985	1.61	5.34
1986	1.43	5.27
1987	1.62	5.19
1988	1.96	5.1
1989	1.75	5.01
1990	1.83	4.93
1991	1.73	4.85
1992	1.72	4.79
1993	1.74	4.73
1994	1.71	4.66
1995	1.67	4.56
1996	1.66	4.46
1997	1.61	4.38
1998	1.48	4.31
1999	1.47	4.23
2000	1.6	4.16
2001	1.41	4.13
2002	1.37	4.14
2003	1.27	4.18
2004	1.26	4.19
2005	1.26	4.2
2006	1.28	4.14
2007	1.29	4.09
2008	1.28	4.01
2009	1.22	3.95
2010	1.15	3.88
2011	1.2	3.83
2012	1.29	3.77
2013	1.19	3.7
2014	1.25	3.62
2015	1.24	3.54
2016	1.2	3.46
2017	1.16	3.39
2018	1.14	3.33
2019	1.14	3.27
2020	1.1	3.23
2021	1.12	3.2
2022	1.04	3.17
2023	0.97	3.13
2024	0.98	3.1
2025	0.99	3.07
2026	1	3.04
2027	1.01	3
2028	1.02	2.97
2029	1.03	2.95
2030	1.03	2.91
2031	1.04	2.89
2032	1.05	2.85
2033	1.06	2.82
2034	1.07	2.8
2035	1.07	2.77
2036	1.08	2.75
2037	1.09	2.72
2038	1.1	2.7
2039	1.1	2.68
2040	1.11	2.65
2041	1.12	2.63
2042	1.13	2.61
2043	1.13	2.59
2044	1.14	2.56
2045	1.15	2.54
2046	1.16	2.52
2047	1.17	2.5
2048	1.17	2.49
2049	1.18	2.47
2050	1.19	2.45

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Singapore	Tonga
1960	44.7%	45.7%
1961	44.8%	45.7%
1962	44.7%	45.8%
1963	44.4%	45.9%
1964	43.8%	45.9%
1965	43.2%	45.9%
1966	42.5%	45.9%
1967	41.7%	46%
1968	40.8%	46.2%
1969	39.8%	46.3%
1970	38.7%	46.4%
1971	37.5%	46.4%
1972	36.2%	46.3%
1973	35%	46.2%
1974	33.7%	46.2%
1975	32.5%	46.2%
1976	31.2%	46.1%
1977	30%	45.8%
1978	28.8%	45.3%
1979	27.6%	44.8%
1980	26.4%	44.3%
1981	25.2%	43.9%
1982	24.2%	43.4%
1983	23.7%	42.9%
1984	23.3%	42.4%
1985	23.1%	42%
1986	22.9%	41.7%
1987	22.4%	41.5%
1988	22%	41.2%
1989	21.7%	40.9%
1990	21.4%	40.8%
1991	21.2%	40.6%
1992	21.1%	40.5%
1993	21%	40.3%
1994	20.7%	40.1%
1995	20.4%	39.9%
1996	20%	39.7%
1997	19.5%	39.3%
1998	19.2%	38.9%
1999	19%	38.6%
2000	18.8%	38.3%
2001	18.6%	38.2%
2002	18.4%	38.1%
2003	18.2%	38.1%
2004	17.8%	38.2%
2005	17.2%	38.3%
2006	16.6%	38.3%
2007	15.8%	38.3%
2008	15.1%	38%
2009	14.6%	37.8%
2010	14.1%	37.6%
2011	13.7%	37.4%
2012	13.4%	37.2%
2013	13.1%	37.1%
2014	12.9%	36.9%
2015	12.7%	36.7%
2016	12.5%	36.5%
2017	12.4%	36.4%
2018	12.3%	36.2%
2019	12.2%	36%
2020	12.2%	35.8%
2021	12.2%	35.7%
2022	12%	35.6%
2023	11.8%	35.6%
2024	11.7%	35.4%
2025	11.7%	34.9%
2026	11.7%	34.4%
2027	11.8%	33.8%
2028	11.9%	33.3%
2029	12%	32.6%
2030	12%	32%
2031	12%	31.6%
2032	12.1%	31.2%
2033	12.1%	31%
2034	12.1%	30.8%
2035	12.1%	30.7%
2036	12.1%	30.5%
2037	12.1%	30.4%
2038	12%	30.3%
2039	11.8%	30.2%
2040	11.7%	30.1%
2041	11.5%	30.1%
2042	11.2%	30%
2043	11%	30%
2044	10.7%	29.9%
2045	10.4%	29.8%
2046	10.1%	29.6%
2047	9.87%	29.5%
2048	9.6%	29.2%
2049	9.35%	29%
2050	9.12%	28.7%

Children aged 0-14 make up 11.7% of the population in Singapore and 35.4% in Tonga in 2024, compared to 21.4% and 40.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Singapore and Tonga compared.

Natural population change in Singapore vs Tonga by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.35% in Singapore and +1.79% in Tonga. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Singapore	Tonga
1960	51,533	2,230
1961	49,880	2,284
1962	48,830	2,343
1963	49,542	2,394
1964	47,697	2,445
1965	45,474	2,498
1966	44,298	2,550
1967	40,145	2,603
1968	36,216	2,614
1969	34,314	2,632
1970	35,059	2,628
1971	35,708	2,611
1972	38,098	2,605
1973	36,404	2,617
1974	31,664	2,650
1975	28,509	2,709
1976	31,189	2,769
1977	26,508	2,822
1978	27,537	2,862
1979	28,363	2,884
1980	30,657	2,885
1981	32,167	2,882
1982	33,346	2,853
1983	30,296	2,840
1984	31,967	2,814
1985	32,010	2,762
1986	27,880	2,704
1987	33,020	2,646
1988	42,407	2,649
1989	36,929	2,644
1990	41,136	2,641
1991	39,188	2,637
1992	39,091	2,622
1993	40,425	2,594
1994	39,319	2,547
1995	38,065	2,476
1996	38,542	2,393
1997	37,960	2,332
1998	33,381	2,344
1999	32,857	2,352
2000	37,057	2,346
2001	31,035	2,358
2002	29,231	2,396
2003	24,689	2,448
2004	24,583	2,478
2005	24,741	2,495
2006	25,968	2,459
2007	26,614	2,423
2008	28,068	2,397
2009	27,930	2,358
2010	24,876	2,332
2011	25,919	2,298
2012	29,750	2,255
2013	25,376	2,199
2014	27,896	2,135
2015	27,121	2,064
2016	25,794	1,989
2017	21,888	1,912
2018	21,427	1,873
2019	21,674	1,841
2020	18,763	1,816
2021	15,270	1,773
2022	9,019	1,772
2023	7,101	1,744

Maternal mortality chart: Singapore vs Tonga

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 6 deaths per 100,000 live births in Singapore, compared to 67 deaths in Tonga.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Singapore	Tonga
1985	18	148
1986	18	149
1987	18	147
1988	18	145
1989	18	139
1990	17	138
1991	16	134
1992	16	129
1993	16	127
1994	16	123
1995	17	117
1996	17	113
1997	17	111
1998	17	104
1999	17	99
2000	17	100
2001	16	98
2002	16	98
2003	15	95
2004	14	92
2005	14	92
2006	13	89
2007	12	88
2008	11	88
2009	10	91
2010	10	85
2011	10	84
2012	10	83
2013	9	80
2014	9	80
2015	8	79
2016	8	78
2017	8	77
2018	8	74
2019	7	73
2020	13	74
2021	20	76
2022	34	72
2023	6	67

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.21% in Singapore and 0.99% in Tonga. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Singapore	Tonga
1960	4.76%	-
1961	4.37%	-
1962	4.05%	-
1963	3.81%	7.83%
1964	3.64%	7.35%
1965	3.5%	6.89%
1966	3.34%	6.45%
1967	3.18%	6.03%
1968	3.01%	5.63%
1969	2.86%	5.25%
1970	2.71%	4.91%
1971	2.56%	4.61%
1972	2.39%	4.35%
1973	2.18%	4.11%
1974	1.95%	3.9%
1975	1.75%	3.71%
1976	1.62%	3.53%
1977	1.54%	3.37%
1978	1.51%	3.22%
1979	1.49%	3.09%
1980	1.46%	2.97%
1981	1.4%	2.87%
1982	1.32%	2.78%
1983	1.23%	2.7%
1984	1.16%	2.63%
1985	1.09%	2.57%
1986	1.03%	2.51%
1987	0.97%	2.44%
1988	0.91%	2.37%
1989	0.84%	2.29%
1990	0.77%	2.21%
1991	0.7%	2.14%
1992	0.63%	2.06%
1993	0.58%	2%
1994	0.54%	1.94%
1995	0.51%	1.89%
1996	0.48%	1.85%
1997	0.46%	1.81%
1998	0.44%	1.78%
1999	0.41%	1.74%
2000	0.38%	1.7%
2001	0.36%	1.65%
2002	0.34%	1.61%
2003	0.32%	1.56%
2004	0.31%	1.52%
2005	0.3%	1.48%
2006	0.29%	1.44%
2007	0.29%	1.41%
2008	0.28%	1.37%
2009	0.28%	1.34%
2010	0.28%	1.31%
2011	0.28%	1.29%
2012	0.28%	1.26%
2013	0.28%	1.24%
2014	0.27%	1.22%
2015	0.27%	1.19%
2016	0.27%	1.17%
2017	0.26%	1.15%
2018	0.25%	1.12%
2019	0.24%	1.1%
2020	0.23%	1.08%
2021	0.22%	1.05%
2022	0.22%	1.02%
2023	0.21%	0.99%