Belgium is a high-income country with a population of 11.9M people. The capital and largest city is Brussels, with 1.25M residents. Belgium shares land borders with France, the Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.
Belgium ranks 23/197 by GDP ($671B) and 18/197 by GDP per capita ($56,615). The top export category is chemicals & pharma, while the top import is machinery & equipment.
Main facts and rankings
Belgium
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Population |
11902714
|
83/197 |
| GDP |
$671B
2024 |
23/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$56,615
2024 |
18/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$73,514
2024 |
21/197 |
| Government debt |
$703B
2024 |
16/185 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
104.7%
2024 |
19/185 |
| Government debt per person |
$59,278
2024 |
5/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$35,259
2026 |
26/197 |
| Land area | 11,774 sq mi | 136/197 |
| Population density | 1,011 ppl/mi² | 24/197 |
| Fertility rate | 1.47 | 151/196 |
| Median age | 42.7 years | 32/196 |
| Life expectancy | 82.6 years | 26/197 |
Belgium trends dashboard: time-series charts
| Year | GDP |
|---|---|
| 2024 | $671,370,081,636 |
| 2023 | $651,330,595,110 |
| 2022 | $591,085,783,326 |
| 2021 | $598,522,422,242 |
| 2020 | $529,694,473,502 |
| 2019 | $536,726,344,405 |
| 2018 | $542,638,913,428 |
| 2017 | $500,908,767,352 |
| 2016 | $474,271,566,740 |
| 2015 | $461,044,767,545 |
| 2014 | $537,987,419,164 |
| 2013 | $524,097,026,599 |
| 2012 | $498,414,364,945 |
| 2011 | $527,196,649,049 |
| 2010 | $481,556,503,720 |
| 2009 | $485,014,525,992 |
| 2008 | $517,328,087,920 |
| 2007 | $470,922,156,309 |
| 2006 | $408,259,840,869 |
| 2005 | $385,714,762,230 |
| 2004 | $369,214,712,443 |
| 2003 | $318,082,528,507 |
| 2002 | $258,383,599,375 |
| 2001 | $236,746,141,604 |
| 2000 | $236,792,460,312 |
| 1999 | $258,245,733,221 |
| 1998 | $258,528,339,631 |
| 1997 | $252,708,051,421 |
| 1996 | $279,201,433,225 |
| 1995 | $288,025,588,396 |
| 1994 | $244,884,129,491 |
| 1993 | $224,721,795,709 |
| 1992 | $234,781,652,447 |
| 1991 | $210,510,999,409 |
| 1990 | $205,331,747,948 |
| 1989 | $164,221,056,511 |
| 1988 | $162,299,103,675 |
| 1987 | $149,394,404,106 |
| 1986 | $120,018,787,249 |
| 1985 | $86,268,264,148 |
| 1984 | $83,349,530,159 |
| 1983 | $87,184,239,053 |
| 1982 | $92,095,926,188 |
| 1981 | $104,730,018,470 |
| 1980 | $126,829,314,388 |
| 1979 | $116,315,456,797 |
| 1978 | $101,246,526,194 |
| 1977 | $82,839,905,459 |
| 1976 | $71,113,882,968 |
| 1975 | $65,678,189,097 |
| 1974 | $56,033,077,879 |
| 1973 | $47,743,801,490 |
| 1972 | $37,209,418,019 |
| 1971 | $29,821,661,870 |
| 1970 | $26,706,196,047 |
| 1969 | $24,019,653,475 |
| 1968 | $21,654,856,965 |
| 1967 | $20,252,508,995 |
| 1966 | $18,894,891,312 |
| 1965 | $17,597,783,297 |
| 1964 | $16,168,044,450 |
| 1963 | $14,445,805,381 |
| 1962 | $13,436,827,167 |
| 1961 | $12,561,701,694 |
| 1960 | $11,810,619,368 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/belgium | CC BY 
| Year | GDP per capita |
|---|---|
| 2024 | $56,615 |
| 2023 | $55,291 |
| 2022 | $50,606 |
| 2021 | $51,658 |
| 2020 | $45,906 |
| 2019 | $46,717 |
| 2018 | $47,487 |
| 2017 | $44,035 |
| 2016 | $41,855 |
| 2015 | $40,894 |
| 2014 | $47,996 |
| 2013 | $46,965 |
| 2012 | $44,874 |
| 2011 | $47,761 |
| 2010 | $44,197 |
| 2009 | $44,923 |
| 2008 | $48,303 |
| 2007 | $44,319 |
| 2006 | $38,705 |
| 2005 | $36,810 |
| 2004 | $35,429 |
| 2003 | $30,655 |
| 2002 | $25,006 |
| 2001 | $23,015 |
| 2000 | $23,099 |
| 1999 | $25,253 |
| 1998 | $25,338 |
| 1997 | $24,821 |
| 1996 | $27,490 |
| 1995 | $28,414 |
| 1994 | $24,209 |
| 1993 | $22,284 |
| 1992 | $23,373 |
| 1991 | $21,042 |
| 1990 | $20,600 |
| 1989 | $16,525 |
| 1988 | $16,391 |
| 1987 | $15,136 |
| 1986 | $12,170 |
| 1985 | $8,751 |
| 1984 | $8,457 |
| 1983 | $8,846 |
| 1982 | $9,344 |
| 1981 | $10,623 |
| 1980 | $12,864 |
| 1979 | $11,811 |
| 1978 | $10,290 |
| 1977 | $8,427 |
| 1976 | $7,243 |
| 1975 | $6,701 |
| 1974 | $5,734 |
| 1973 | $4,901 |
| 1972 | $3,832 |
| 1971 | $3,083 |
| 1970 | $2,766 |
| 1969 | $2,490 |
| 1968 | $2,251 |
| 1967 | $2,114 |
| 1966 | $1,983 |
| 1965 | $1,860 |
| 1964 | $1,724 |
| 1963 | $1,555 |
| 1962 | $1,457 |
| 1961 | $1,368 |
| 1960 | $1,290 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/belgium | CC BY
Belgium's life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years |
|---|---|
| 2026 | 82.6 |
| 2025 | 82.4 |
| 2024 | 82.3 |
| 2023 | 82.1 |
| 2022 | 81.2 |
| 2021 | 81.7 |
| 2020 | 80.8 |
| 2019 | 81.8 |
| 2018 | 81.5 |
| 2017 | 81.4 |
| 2016 | 81.3 |
| 2015 | 80.9 |
| 2014 | 81.1 |
| 2013 | 80.5 |
| 2012 | 80.3 |
| 2011 | 80.4 |
| 2010 | 80 |
| 2009 | 79.8 |
| 2008 | 79.6 |
| 2007 | 79.5 |
| 2006 | 79.4 |
| 2005 | 79.1 |
| 2004 | 79 |
| 2003 | 78.3 |
| 2002 | 78.2 |
| 2001 | 78.1 |
| 2000 | 77.8 |
| 1999 | 77.6 |
| 1998 | 77.5 |
| 1997 | 77.4 |
| 1996 | 77.2 |
| 1995 | 76.8 |
| 1994 | 76.7 |
| 1993 | 76.4 |
| 1992 | 76.4 |
| 1991 | 76.2 |
| 1990 | 76.1 |
| 1989 | 75.6 |
| 1988 | 75.6 |
| 1987 | 75.3 |
| 1986 | 74.7 |
| 1985 | 74.5 |
| 1984 | 74.4 |
| 1983 | 73.9 |
| 1982 | 73.9 |
| 1981 | 73.7 |
| 1980 | 73.2 |
| 1979 | 73.2 |
| 1978 | 72.7 |
| 1977 | 72.8 |
| 1976 | 72.1 |
| 1975 | 72 |
| 1974 | 72 |
| 1973 | 71.6 |
| 1972 | 71.4 |
| 1971 | 71.1 |
| 1970 | 70.9 |
| 1969 | 70.7 |
| 1968 | 70.6 |
| 1967 | 70.9 |
| 1966 | 70.6 |
| 1965 | 70.6 |
| 1964 | 70.7 |
| 1963 | 70 |
| 1962 | 70.2 |
| 1961 | 70.5 |
| 1960 | 69.6 |
| 1959 | 70.3 |
| 1958 | 69.9 |
| 1957 | 69.2 |
| 1956 | 68.8 |
| 1955 | 68.5 |
| 1954 | 68.6 |
| 1953 | 68.4 |
| 1952 | 68 |
| 1951 | 66.7 |
| 1950 | 66.3 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).
GeoRank.org/facts/belgium | CC BY
Belgium's population clock and projection
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 11,858,610 |
| 2023 | 11,779,946 |
| 2022 | 11,680,210 |
| 2021 | 11,586,195 |
| 2020 | 11,538,604 |
| 2019 | 11,488,980 |
| 2018 | 11,427,054 |
| 2017 | 11,375,158 |
| 2016 | 11,331,422 |
| 2015 | 11,274,196 |
| 2014 | 11,209,057 |
| 2013 | 11,159,407 |
| 2012 | 11,106,932 |
| 2011 | 11,038,264 |
| 2010 | 10,895,586 |
| 2009 | 10,796,493 |
| 2008 | 10,709,973 |
| 2007 | 10,625,700 |
| 2006 | 10,547,958 |
| 2005 | 10,478,617 |
| 2004 | 10,421,137 |
| 2003 | 10,376,133 |
| 2002 | 10,332,785 |
| 2001 | 10,286,570 |
| 2000 | 10,251,250 |
| 1999 | 10,226,419 |
| 1998 | 10,203,008 |
| 1997 | 10,181,245 |
| 1996 | 10,156,637 |
| 1995 | 10,136,811 |
| 1994 | 10,115,603 |
| 1993 | 10,084,475 |
| 1992 | 10,045,158 |
| 1991 | 10,004,486 |
| 1990 | 9,967,379 |
| 1989 | 9,937,697 |
| 1988 | 9,901,664 |
| 1987 | 9,870,234 |
| 1986 | 9,861,823 |
| 1985 | 9,858,308 |
| 1984 | 9,855,372 |
| 1983 | 9,855,520 |
| 1982 | 9,856,303 |
| 1981 | 9,858,982 |
| 1980 | 9,859,242 |
| 1979 | 9,848,382 |
| 1978 | 9,839,534 |
| 1977 | 9,830,358 |
| 1976 | 9,818,227 |
| 1975 | 9,800,700 |
| 1974 | 9,772,419 |
| 1973 | 9,741,720 |
| 1972 | 9,711,115 |
| 1971 | 9,673,162 |
| 1970 | 9,655,549 |
| 1969 | 9,646,032 |
| 1968 | 9,618,756 |
| 1967 | 9,580,991 |
| 1966 | 9,527,807 |
| 1965 | 9,463,667 |
| 1964 | 9,378,113 |
| 1963 | 9,289,770 |
| 1962 | 9,220,578 |
| 1961 | 9,183,948 |
| 1960 | 9,153,489 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/belgium | CC BY
Belgium's birth and fertility rates
| Year | Fertility rate |
|---|---|
| 2023 | 1.47 |
| 2022 | 1.53 |
| 2021 | 1.6 |
| 2020 | 1.55 |
| 2019 | 1.6 |
| 2018 | 1.62 |
| 2017 | 1.65 |
| 2016 | 1.68 |
| 2015 | 1.7 |
| 2014 | 1.74 |
| 2013 | 1.76 |
| 2012 | 1.8 |
| 2011 | 1.81 |
| 2010 | 1.86 |
| 2009 | 1.84 |
| 2008 | 1.85 |
| 2007 | 1.82 |
| 2006 | 1.8 |
| 2005 | 1.76 |
| 2004 | 1.72 |
| 2003 | 1.67 |
| 2002 | 1.65 |
| 2001 | 1.67 |
| 2000 | 1.67 |
| 1999 | 1.62 |
| 1998 | 1.6 |
| 1997 | 1.6 |
| 1996 | 1.59 |
| 1995 | 1.56 |
| 1994 | 1.56 |
| 1993 | 1.61 |
| 1992 | 1.65 |
| 1991 | 1.66 |
| 1990 | 1.62 |
| 1989 | 1.58 |
| 1988 | 1.57 |
| 1987 | 1.54 |
| 1986 | 1.54 |
| 1985 | 1.51 |
| 1984 | 1.54 |
| 1983 | 1.57 |
| 1982 | 1.61 |
| 1981 | 1.66 |
| 1980 | 1.68 |
| 1979 | 1.69 |
| 1978 | 1.69 |
| 1977 | 1.71 |
| 1976 | 1.73 |
| 1975 | 1.74 |
| 1974 | 1.83 |
| 1973 | 1.95 |
| 1972 | 2.09 |
| 1971 | 2.21 |
| 1970 | 2.25 |
| 1969 | 2.27 |
| 1968 | 2.31 |
| 1967 | 2.41 |
| 1966 | 2.52 |
| 1965 | 2.61 |
| 1964 | 2.71 |
| 1963 | 2.68 |
| 1962 | 2.59 |
| 1961 | 2.63 |
| 1960 | 2.54 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/belgium | CC BY
| Year | Median age, years |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 42.7 |
| 2023 | 42.4 |
| 2022 | 42.2 |
| 2021 | 42 |
| 2020 | 41.9 |
| 2019 | 41.8 |
| 2018 | 41.7 |
| 2017 | 41.6 |
| 2016 | 41.4 |
| 2015 | 41.4 |
| 2014 | 41.3 |
| 2013 | 41.2 |
| 2012 | 41.1 |
| 2011 | 40.9 |
| 2010 | 40.8 |
| 2009 | 40.8 |
| 2008 | 40.7 |
| 2007 | 40.6 |
| 2006 | 40.4 |
| 2005 | 40.2 |
| 2004 | 40 |
| 2003 | 39.7 |
| 2002 | 39.4 |
| 2001 | 39.2 |
| 2000 | 38.9 |
| 1999 | 38.6 |
| 1998 | 38.3 |
| 1997 | 38.1 |
| 1996 | 37.8 |
| 1995 | 37.5 |
| 1994 | 37.2 |
| 1993 | 37 |
| 1992 | 36.7 |
| 1991 | 36.5 |
| 1990 | 36.3 |
| 1989 | 36.1 |
| 1988 | 35.9 |
| 1987 | 35.6 |
| 1986 | 35.4 |
| 1985 | 35.2 |
| 1984 | 35 |
| 1983 | 34.8 |
| 1982 | 34.5 |
| 1981 | 34.3 |
| 1980 | 34.2 |
| 1979 | 34.1 |
| 1978 | 34.1 |
| 1977 | 34.1 |
| 1976 | 34.1 |
| 1975 | 34.2 |
| 1974 | 34.3 |
| 1973 | 34.3 |
| 1972 | 34.3 |
| 1971 | 34.4 |
| 1970 | 34.5 |
| 1969 | 34.6 |
| 1968 | 34.7 |
| 1967 | 34.7 |
| 1966 | 34.7 |
| 1965 | 34.8 |
| 1964 | 34.8 |
| 1963 | 34.9 |
| 1962 | 34.9 |
| 1961 | 34.9 |
| 1960 | 34.9 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/belgium | CC BY
Belgium vs. World: Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to toggle between world maps that display different statistics comparing Belgium with other countries.
Belgium: National Statistics
Finance
|
Belgium
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$656B
2024 |
23/194 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
54.5%
2024 |
12/195 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
6.28%
2022 |
20/193 |
| Military expenditure, % of GDP |
1.28%
2024 |
104/163 |
| Armed forces personnel |
24,000
2020 |
96/174 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP |
-4.52%
2024 |
133/188 |
| Unemployment rate |
5.7%
2024 |
86/196 |
| Services, % of GDP |
71%
2024 |
22/191 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
18.7%
2024 |
138/194 |
| Economic freedom index |
69.2
2026 |
42/197 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
22.2%
2023 |
157/169 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
3.7%
2023 |
22/169 |
| Number of millionaires |
549,000
2025 |
16/35 |
| Percentage of millionaires |
5.92%
2025 |
10/35 |
| Number of billionaires |
11
2025 |
30/78 |
| Percentage of billionaires |
0.0001%
2025 |
30/78 |
| Listed domestic companies |
117
2015 |
45/103 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$321B
2018 |
27/100 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$41.4B
2024 |
49/177 |
| Personal remittances received |
$15.5B
2024 |
15/191 |
| International tourist arrivals |
2,584,000
2020 |
53/188 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
1.77%
2020 |
148/184 |
| Banked people share |
98.2%
2024 |
21/158 |
Energy
|
Belgium
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
4,051 kg
2023 |
23/177 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$17.8
2023 |
50/173 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions |
86.6 megatons
2024 |
44/187 |
| CO2 emissions per capita |
7.31 tons
2024 |
29/187 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
69.3%
2023 |
77/176 |
| Renewable energy use share |
11.7%
2021 |
136/193 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
22.3%
2023 |
21/147 |
| Net energy imports use share |
89.2%
2023 |
13/144 |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
6,932 kWh
2023 |
23/147 |
| Renewable electricity output share |
23.5%
2021 |
103/192 |
| Hydroelectric share |
1.98%
2023 |
130/192 |
| Nuclear share |
39.4%
2023 |
8/192 |
| Electricity access |
100%
2023 |
14/195 |
Society
|
Belgium
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.15%
2024 |
82/197 |
| Annual migration change |
+31,989
2025 |
28/196 |
| Urban population |
87.6%
2024 |
29/195 |
| Male:Female ratio |
49.3:50.7
2024 |
N/A |
| Average male height |
5.88 ft
2025 |
22/190 |
| Average female height |
5.36 ft
2025 |
50/190 |
| Quality of life index |
90.4
2026 |
17/197 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
69
2025 |
27/197 |
| Higher education index |
97
2026 |
8/183 |
| Homicides per 100K people |
1.08
2021 |
150/197 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
5.8
2019 |
157/197 |
| Visa free countries |
172
2025 |
6/195 |
| Adult literacy rate |
99%
2003 |
43/196 |
| English speaking |
59%
2023 |
52/197 |
| People using the Internet |
95.8%
2024 |
21/195 |
Health
|
Belgium
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$5,931
2023 |
16/192 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$1,276
2023 |
4/192 |
| Life expectancy |
82.6 years
2026 |
26/197 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure |
0.01%
2023 |
142/181 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
3.57
2022 |
44/193 |
| Age at first childbirth |
29.5 years
2023 |
25/137 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
4
2023 |
172/193 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age |
3.6
2023 |
166/192 |
| Obesity rate |
20.5%
2022 |
109/189 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
5.9%
2024 |
152/195 |
| Air quality index |
74
2026 |
53/197 |
| Tobacco use prevalence |
26.7%
2022 |
43/164 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita |
9.43 liters
2020 |
36/186 |
Territory
|
Belgium
|
Rank | |
|---|---|---|
| % of world land |
0.02%
2026 |
136/197 |
| Land area per capita |
993 sq mi
2024 |
175/197 |
| Agricultural land area |
5,225 sq mi
2026 |
133/194 |
| Forest area |
2,661 sq mi
2026 |
133/196 |
| Roads length |
73,579 mi
2015 |
47/176 |
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
- World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2023, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- Passport Index (2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Transparency International (2025, retrieved 2026-02-10)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
- EduRank (2026, retrieved 2025-10-13)
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