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Economy of Comoros vs Eswatini compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Comoros has a GDP of $1.44B compared to $4.86B for Eswatini, ranking 183/197 and 162/197 by economy size, respectively.

Comoros has $444M in government debt (34.9% of GDP), compared to $1.81B (39.9% of GDP) in Eswatini.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Comoros
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Eswatini
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Comoros Eswatini
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 - - $35,076,846 -
1961 - - $43,026,043 -
1962 - - $45,927,962 -
1963 - - $54,129,438 -
1964 - - $64,980,554 -
1965 - - $70,279,972 -
1966 - - $76,859,969 -
1967 - - $74,759,970 -
1968 - - $79,799,968 -
1969 - - $105,419,958 -
1970 - - $112,139,955 $399,193,833
1971 - - $136,462,081 $454,057,572
1972 - - $146,736,479 $478,686,990
1973 - - $221,915,128 $521,858,208
1974 - - $264,320,941 $551,831,066
1975 - - $288,299,789 $628,582,182
1976 - - $272,550,068 $615,259,773
1977 - - $304,060,076 $621,471,392
1978 - - $340,630,085 $629,719,118
1979 - - $412,093,134 $649,284,145
1980 $243,390,496 $395,630,757 $541,976,853 $730,113,867
1981 $212,958,382 $417,240,048 $570,774,825 $837,013,058
1982 $202,152,462 $434,171,255 $537,568,059 $846,827,605
1983 $196,193,380 $447,600,447 $555,336,146 $857,009,478
1984 $189,102,734 $466,249,920 $494,483,409 $909,816,303
1985 $191,944,892 $479,207,636 $360,079,419 $944,320,319
1986 $258,143,903 $489,132,194 $449,140,318 $1,060,136,277
1987 $313,292,323 $499,295,109 $584,126,092 $1,214,986,039
1988 $336,422,522 $524,113,053 $692,026,455 $1,294,808,454
1989 $328,665,081 $519,306,622 $696,921,542 $1,461,982,521
1990 $401,561,022 $557,417,554 $1,114,694,041 $1,769,262,015
1991 $400,592,663 $523,041,756 $1,156,135,718 $1,800,407,691
1992 $436,552,922 $561,527,248 $1,284,759,928 $1,858,492,562
1993 $427,750,823 $575,831,289 $1,357,189,552 $1,916,219,460
1994 $314,789,556 $552,875,674 $1,419,294,254 $1,962,221,978
1995 $392,774,714 $584,042,819 $1,698,989,464 $2,056,911,966
1996 $392,488,149 $581,062,047 $1,602,741,834 $2,135,939,631
1997 $362,816,806 $606,689,356 $1,716,714,070 $2,202,213,675
1998 $363,932,160 $606,841,276 $1,576,908,856 $2,259,560,190
1999 $371,921,712 $623,211,951 $1,547,888,496 $2,326,236,994
2000 $339,504,306 $616,936,089 $1,697,161,558 $2,367,182,799
2001 $372,746,486 $650,371,556 $1,502,870,486 $2,400,612,485
2002 $427,360,070 $680,273,576 $1,393,945,031 $2,498,765,078
2003 $546,830,041 $693,432,979 $2,149,632,433 $2,612,175,410
2004 $622,679,660 $714,932,259 $2,710,331,785 $2,706,660,912
2005 $655,375,096 $755,434,619 $3,097,946,371 $2,868,851,690
2006 $688,498,642 $742,180,920 $3,215,307,901 $3,061,891,254
2007 $795,673,153 $748,145,085 $3,391,122,887 $3,194,095,190
2008 $915,659,108 $777,806,128 $3,235,921,171 $3,240,107,843
2009 $905,341,173 $803,011,729 $3,525,213,502 $3,286,542,196
2010 $907,978,731 $833,348,554 $4,360,714,359 $3,412,233,861
2011 $1,023,086,274 $867,878,892 $4,722,912,047 $3,475,009,965
2012 $1,015,843,491 $895,376,387 $4,747,813,067 $3,617,154,619
2013 $1,116,224,107 $935,365,362 $4,463,396,204 $3,765,262,097
2014 $1,149,587,661 $955,070,416 $4,285,065,665 $3,842,727,914
2015 $966,029,601 $966,029,601 $3,908,217,914 $3,908,217,914
2016 $1,012,835,493 $998,105,647 $3,722,306,117 $4,023,477,835
2017 $1,077,439,757 $1,036,190,385 $4,462,640,651 $4,165,142,617
2018 $1,178,530,633 $1,073,934,613 $4,643,751,059 $4,167,866,439
2019 $1,187,915,409 $1,092,843,397 $4,617,018,959 $4,435,938,144
2020 $1,218,763,671 $1,090,706,042 $4,134,677,810 $4,304,996,590
2021 $1,272,238,391 $1,112,522,258 $4,807,069,277 $4,487,365,679
2022 $1,222,485,532 $1,141,481,328 $4,746,660,274 $4,504,690,089
2023 $1,326,836,543 $1,175,671,155 $4,621,191,262 $4,663,821,718
2024 $1,440,991,455 $1,214,916,247 $4,858,885,841 $4,802,519,614

Economic indicators

Comoros Eswatini
Gross domestic product
$1.44B
2024
$4.86B
2024
GDP rank
183/197
2024
162/197
2024
GDP growth
8.6%
2023-2024
5.14%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$1,663
2024
$3,910
2024
GDP per capita rank
161/197
2024
131/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$3,959
2024
$11,799
2024
Government debt
$444M
2024
$1.81B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
34.9%
2026
39.9%
2026
Government debt per person
$513
2024
$1,455
2024
Government debt per person rank
167/185
2024
133/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$1,909
2026
$3,418
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$234M
2007
Number of billionaires n/a
1
2025
Income share by richest 10%
33.6%
2014
42.7%
2016
Income share by poorest 10%
1.6%
2014
1.4%
2016
Government expenditure, % of GDP
18.8%
2026
31.4%
2026
Consumer prices inflation
1.9%
2025-2026
2.6%
2018-2019
Central bank interest rate n/a
7%
2024
Unemployment rate
4.39%
2021
34.6%
2023
Population
899184
1270000

GDP per capita in Comoros vs Eswatini

Comoros' GDP per capita is $1,663, ranking 161/197, compared to $3,910 in Eswatini, ranking 131/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Comoros ranks 167th at $3,959, while Eswatini ranks 126th at $11,799.

Comoros
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Eswatini
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Comoros Eswatini
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 - - $101.6 -
1961 - - $121.8 -
1962 - - $127.1 -
1963 - - $146.4 -
1964 - - $171.6 -
1965 - - $181 -
1966 - - $192.7 -
1967 - - $182.8 -
1968 - - $190.4 -
1969 - - $245.2 -
1970 - - $254.2 -
1971 - - $301 -
1972 - - $315 -
1973 - - $463 -
1974 - - $536 -
1975 - - $568 -
1976 - - $521 -
1977 - - $563 -
1978 - - $610 -
1979 - - $714 -
1980 $721 - $908 -
1981 $613 - $925 -
1982 $566 - $843 -
1983 $534 - $843 -
1984 $501 - $726 -
1985 $494 - $510 -
1986 $646 - $611 -
1987 $763 - $765 -
1988 $798 - $865 -
1989 $759 - $832 -
1990 $903 $1,546 $1,278 $3,202
1991 $879 $1,464 $1,273 $3,236
1992 $939 $1,575 $1,362 $3,289
1993 $903 $1,623 $1,397 $3,371
1994 $653 $1,564 $1,461 $3,526
1995 $801 $1,657 $1,751 $3,777
1996 $786 $1,651 $1,619 $3,916
1997 $715 $1,723 $1,705 $4,038
1998 $704 $1,713 $1,547 $4,137
1999 $707 $1,753 $1,502 $4,272
2000 $633 $1,741 $1,630 $4,401
2001 $681 $1,838 $1,430 $4,521
2002 $765 $1,912 $1,316 $4,742
2003 $960 $1,949 $2,015 $5,020
2004 $1,072 $2,025 $2,526 $5,310
2005 $1,106 $2,162 $2,871 $5,773
2006 $1,138 $2,146 $2,965 $6,319
2007 $1,290 $2,178 $3,109 $6,732
2008 $1,455 $2,262 $2,947 $6,914
2009 $1,410 $2,304 $3,190 $7,011
2010 $1,387 $2,372 $3,923 $7,324
2011 $1,531 $2,472 $4,225 $7,571
2012 $1,490 $2,679 $4,225 $7,760
2013 $1,603 $2,833 $3,950 $8,231
2014 $1,616 $2,938 $3,771 $8,366
2015 $1,329 $2,949 $3,420 $8,391
2016 $1,365 $3,139 $3,238 $8,484
2017 $1,424 $3,347 $3,853 $8,584
2018 $1,527 $3,276 $3,973 $8,535
2019 $1,510 $3,293 $3,913 $9,248
2020 $1,519 $3,245 $3,467 $9,329
2021 $1,555 $3,378 $3,984 $9,990
2022 $1,465 $3,642 $3,894 $10,635
2023 $1,560 $3,812 $3,756 $11,300
2024 $1,663 $3,959 $3,910 $11,799

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Comoros' government spending was $287M, accounting for 18.8% of its GDP, while Eswatini's spent $1.58B, or 31.4% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 34.9% in Comoros and 39.9% in Eswatini, ranking 147/185 and 133/185, respectively.

Comoros
Government spending

Government debt
Eswatini
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Comoros Eswatini
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1980 - - 15.3% 27.2%
1981 - - 18.9% 24.3%
1982 - - 18.1% 29.2%
1983 - - 17% 28.7%
1984 23.3% 150.3% 17% 29.7%
1985 24.8% 142.9% 19% 45.5%
1986 25.6% 136.8% 18.8% 44%
1987 22.4% 128.9% 16.8% 36.1%
1988 20.2% 120% 16.6% 27.5%
1989 19.7% 113.8% 15.4% 26.8%
1990 20.3% 108.1% 18.2% 20.4%
1991 19.9% 103.9% 19.7% 20.1%
1992 20.4% 101% 25.2% 16.6%
1993 16.3% 95.7% 23.3% 15.2%
1994 21.8% 87.8% 24% 13.4%
1995 18.4% 77.7% 19.9% 12.5%
1996 15.5% 75.4% 22.6% 11.6%
1997 14.5% 70.9% 20.6% 12.6%
1998 13.1% 69.4% 21.8% 15.5%
1999 11.5% 64.5% 25.8% 16.7%
2000 9.74% 60.7% 24.6% 18.2%
2001 13% 53% 25.7% 21.8%
2002 14.3% 48.2% 26.4% 17.1%
2003 12.8% 44.4% 25.6% 17.5%
2004 11.7% 42.4% 31% 15%
2005 12.8% 39.9% 28.9% 13.5%
2006 12.5% 38.5% 27.4% 14.6%
2007 13.1% 35.6% 30.3% 16.1%
2008 15.1% 33.2% 33.4% 14.6%
2009 13.7% 31.7% 33.5% 10.5%
2010 13.3% 30.5% 30.7% 14.1%
2011 13.2% 27.7% 25.3% 14.7%
2012 14.9% 25.1% 27% 14.8%
2013 14.8% 10.3% 28.5% 15%
2014 14.5% 11.8% 32.2% 13.9%
2015 19.1% 14.3% 34.3% 15.8%
2016 18.9% 16.2% 34.6% 20%
2017 18.8% 18.9% 35.5% 22.2%
2018 19.2% 17% 35% 26.9%
2019 20.1% 21.2% 34.1% 31.5%
2020 18.8% 24.3% 34% 39.6%
2021 20% 26.3% 29.7% 37.9%
2022 18.4% 28.2% 30.5% 42.2%
2023 17.9% 28.7% 30.1% 37.9%
2024 19.9% 30.8% 32.4% 37.2%
2025 21.6% 32.5% 32.8% 38.7%
2026 18.8% 34.9% 31.4% 39.9%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Comoros' government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$50.5M, equivalent to -3.5% of GDP. This compares to Eswatini's deficit of -$94.4M, or -1.94% of GDP.

Over the past 41 years, Comoros recorded a fiscal deficit in 34 of those years, while Eswatini ran a deficit in 26 years. On average, Comoros posted an annual deficit equal to -1.44% of GDP, compared to deficit of -1.45% of GDP for Eswatini.

Deficit/surplus
Comoros

Eswatini
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Comoros Eswatini
1980 - 5.11%
1981 - -3.4%
1982 - 0.08%
1983 - -0.44%
1984 -5.7% 0.95%
1985 -5.02% -1.13%
1986 -4.83% -2.28%
1987 -3.11% 2%
1988 -2.69% 3.42%
1989 -1.31% 5.65%
1990 -1.03% 5.45%
1991 -2.26% 3.3%
1992 -1.99% -2.81%
1993 1.27% -3.2%
1994 -3.7% -3.51%
1995 -4.13% 0.87%
1996 -3.43% -0.97%
1997 -1.3% 2.05%
1998 -2% 1.04%
1999 -0.46% -1.23%
2000 -1.14% -1.19%
2001 -2.13% -2.25%
2002 -2.15% -3.67%
2003 -2.05% -2.09%
2004 -0.98% -3.98%
2005 -1.41% -1.65%
2006 -1.51% 8.62%
2007 -1.18% 2.36%
2008 -1.46% 1.58%
2009 0.36% -2.97%
2010 4.2% -9.24%
2011 0.86% -3.9%
2012 1.96% 3.38%
2013 10.5% 0.57%
2014 -0.33% -1.15%
2015 2.6% -6.14%
2016 -5.52% -9.09%
2017 -0.1% -6.93%
2018 -1.35% -9.66%
2019 -4.3% -6.7%
2020 -0.52% -4.62%
2021 -2.81% -4.59%
2022 -4.17% -4.74%
2023 -1.34% 0.94%
2024 -3.5% -1.94%
2025 -2.4% -5.51%
2026 -2.89% -4.6%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 23 years, Comoros has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.92%, compared with 6.86% in Eswatini. In 2019, inflation was 1.9% in Comoros and 2.6% in Eswatini.

Inflation
Comoros

Eswatini
Year Inflation
Comoros Eswatini
1997 1.5% 7.13%
1998 1.2% 8.11%
1999 1.1% 6.09%
2000 5.9% 12.2%
2001 5.6% 5.94%
2002 3.6% 12%
2003 3.7% 7.29%
2004 4.5% 3.45%
2005 3% 4.77%
2006 3.4% 5.3%
2007 4.5% 8.08%
2008 4.8% 12.7%
2009 4.8% 7.45%
2010 3.9% 4.51%
2011 2.2% 6.11%
2012 5.9% 8.94%
2013 0.4% 5.62%
2014 0% 5.68%
2015 0.9% 4.95%
2016 0.8% 7.85%
2017 0.1% 6.22%
2018 1.7% 4.82%
2019 3.7% 2.6%
2020 0.8% -
2021 0% -
2022 12.4% -
2023 8.5% -
2024 5% -
2025 3.3% -
2026 1.9% -

Top exports between countries

Comoros
Export category Export value
Eswatini
Export category Export value
Chemicals & pharma $67K

Balance of trade

Comoros Eswatini
Current account balance
-$24.6M
2023
$78.3M
2024
Current account balance ranking
80/190
2023
69/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.86%
2023
+1.61%
2024
Goods imports
$299M
2023
$2.07B
2024
Goods exports
$32.1M
2023
$2.33B
2024
Service imports
$205M
2023
$542M
2024
Service exports
$116M
2023
$234M
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
34.5%
2024
53.7%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
9.91%
2024
53.8%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Comoros Eswatini
Economic freedom 51.4 56.4
Economic freedom ranking 153/197 118/197
Property rights 22.9 44.8
Government integrity 16 29.9
Judicial effectiveness 20.9 36.8
Tax burden 65.3 76.1
Government spending 89.5 73.9
Fiscal health 86.1 70.6
Business freedom 49.9 49.5
Labor freedom 55.1 55.9
Monetary freedom 71.3 76.1
Trade freedom 64.2 73.6
Investment freedom 45 50
Financial freedom 30 40

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Comoros is 51.4, ranking 153/197, compared to 56.4 for Eswatini, ranking 118/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Comoros
Eswatini
Year Economic freedom index
Comoros Eswatini
1995 - 63.3
1996 - 58.6
1997 - 59.4
1998 - 62
1999 - 62.1
2000 - 62.6
2001 - 63.6
2002 - 60.9
2003 - 59.6
2004 - 58.6
2005 - 59.4
2006 - 61.4
2007 - 60.1
2008 - 58.4
2009 43.3 59.1
2010 44.9 57.4
2011 43.8 59.1
2012 45.7 57.2
2013 47.5 57.2
2014 51.4 61.2
2015 52.1 59.9
2016 52.4 59.7
2017 55.8 61.1
2018 56.2 55.9
2019 55.4 54.7
2020 53.7 55.3
2021 55.7 55.1
2022 50.4 51.4
2023 53.5 54.9
2024 52 55.6
2025 51.4 56.4

More economic indicators

Comoros Eswatini
Services, % of GDP
50.1%
2024
51.4%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
9.56%
2024
34.7%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
36.6%
2024
6.48%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$1.38B
2024
$4.46B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$3,980
2024
$10,760
2024
Total reserves including gold
$324M
2024
$479M
2023
Total reserves ranking
166/177
2024
159/177
2023
Net foreign direct investment
-$5.35M
2023
-$11.8M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$7.1M
2024
$75.5M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$0
2024
$63.8M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
1.7%
2024
4.68%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
44.8%
2020
58.9%
2016
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
11.7%
2024
15%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.