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Economy of Comoros vs Eswatini compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Comoros has a GDP of $1.55B compared to $4.89B for Eswatini, ranking 183/197 and 162/197 by economy size, respectively.

Comoros has $477M in government debt (32.5% of GDP), compared to $1.82B (38.7% of GDP) in Eswatini.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Comoros
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Eswatini
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Comoros Eswatini
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 - - $35,076,846 -
1961 - - $43,026,043 -
1962 - - $45,927,962 -
1963 - - $54,129,438 -
1964 - - $64,980,554 -
1965 - - $70,279,972 -
1966 - - $76,859,969 -
1967 - - $74,759,970 -
1968 - - $79,799,968 -
1969 - - $105,419,958 -
1970 - - $112,139,955 $401,852,565
1971 - - $136,462,081 $457,081,710
1972 - - $146,736,479 $481,875,167
1973 - - $221,915,128 $525,333,916
1974 - - $264,320,941 $555,506,401
1975 - - $288,299,789 $632,768,698
1976 - - $272,550,068 $619,357,559
1977 - - $304,060,076 $625,610,549
1978 - - $340,630,085 $633,913,207
1979 - - $412,093,134 $653,608,542
1980 $212,218,262 $339,631,220 $541,976,853 $734,976,610
1981 $196,349,932 $352,757,725 $570,774,825 $842,587,777
1982 $184,009,014 $375,275,369 $537,568,059 $852,467,691
1983 $191,621,955 $393,368,903 $555,336,146 $862,717,378
1984 $184,697,226 $409,537,545 $494,483,409 $915,875,910
1985 $196,726,096 $418,874,840 $360,079,419 $950,609,732
1986 $279,197,722 $426,697,798 $449,140,318 $1,067,197,054
1987 $337,525,853 $433,686,187 $584,126,092 $1,223,078,154
1988 $356,500,033 $445,340,980 $692,026,455 $1,303,432,207
1989 $341,476,768 $431,177,995 $696,921,542 $1,471,719,695
1990 $429,622,178 $453,130,286 $1,114,694,041 $1,781,045,749
1991 $424,108,770 $428,681,020 $1,156,135,718 $1,812,398,860
1992 $457,388,652 $465,251,719 $1,284,759,928 $1,870,870,590
1993 $452,881,475 $479,237,471 $1,357,189,552 $1,928,981,970
1994 $319,189,184 $453,949,150 $1,419,294,254 $1,975,290,870
1995 $398,461,797 $470,337,651 $1,698,989,464 $2,070,611,521
1996 $396,053,806 $464,262,352 $1,602,741,834 $2,150,165,529
1997 $364,445,601 $482,972,838 $1,716,714,070 $2,216,880,978
1998 $370,106,746 $489,167,041 $1,576,908,856 $2,274,609,434
1999 $382,454,990 $498,580,614 $1,547,888,496 $2,341,730,319
2000 $351,136,580 $552,666,034 $1,738,093,840 $2,382,948,839
2001 $378,512,024 $565,559,219 $1,542,477,309 $2,408,083,352
2002 $425,964,681 $578,708,159 $1,432,221,739 $2,513,559,784
2003 $546,885,223 $590,883,436 $2,197,598,466 $2,611,091,276
2004 $633,706,111 $602,226,388 $2,770,082,792 $2,705,714,981
2005 $653,845,169 $619,314,850 $3,178,112,499 $2,868,024,775
2006 $698,431,794 $635,707,838 $3,291,330,019 $3,039,881,607
2007 $795,673,153 $640,793,770 $3,469,381,231 $3,174,711,772
2008 $915,659,108 $666,198,752 $3,294,084,314 $3,200,797,233
2009 $905,341,173 $709,414,591 $3,580,428,053 $3,250,891,273
2010 $907,979,446 $743,473,998 $4,438,765,086 $3,374,222,126
2011 $1,023,087,476 $787,250,882 $4,820,478,680 $3,450,048,645
2012 $1,015,842,907 $836,931,449 $4,886,551,484 $3,636,235,032
2013 $1,116,223,107 $911,646,575 $4,464,726,181 $3,776,637,841
2014 $1,149,587,624 $947,161,529 $4,286,015,248 $3,830,866,489
2015 $966,029,600 $966,029,600 $3,909,281,650 $3,909,281,650
2016 $1,012,835,493 $992,887,430 $3,724,180,911 $4,092,073,634
2017 $1,077,439,756 $1,048,451,293 $4,463,673,661 $4,151,686,675
2018 $1,188,797,450 $1,091,014,284 $4,644,696,656 $4,162,339,322
2019 $1,195,019,531 $1,130,604,685 $4,616,996,145 $4,415,541,767
2020 $1,225,039,196 $1,175,888,998 $4,120,621,325 $4,289,130,011
2021 $1,299,039,312 $1,207,941,362 $4,785,708,166 $4,436,460,293
2022 $1,279,542,248 $1,241,985,921 $4,741,163,885 $4,486,130,489
2023 $1,430,523,436 $1,280,048,597 $4,604,172,127 $4,640,654,280
2024 $1,546,164,420 $1,323,426,672 $4,891,883,720 $4,763,200,252

Economic indicators

Comoros Eswatini
Gross domestic product
$1.55B
2024
$4.89B
2024
GDP rank
183/197
2024
162/197
2024
GDP growth
8.08%
2023-2024
6.25%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$1,784
2024
$3,936
2024
GDP per capita rank
158/197
2024
131/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$4,055
2024
$11,784
2024
Government debt
$477M
2024
$1.82B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
32.5%
2025
38.7%
2025
Government debt per person
$550
2024
$1,465
2024
Government debt per person rank
165/185
2024
129/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$1,909
2025
$3,418
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$234M
2007
Number of billionaires n/a
1
2025
Income share by richest 10%
33.6%
2014
42.7%
2016
Income share by poorest 10%
1.6%
2014
1.4%
2016
Government expenditure, % of GDP
21.6%
2025
32.8%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
3.3%
2024-2025
2.6%
2018-2019
Central bank interest rate n/a
7%
2024
Unemployment rate
4.39%
2021
34.6%
2023
Population
895828
1267161

GDP per capita in Comoros vs Eswatini

Comoros' GDP per capita is $1,784, ranking 158/197, compared to $3,936 in Eswatini, ranking 131/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Comoros ranks 166th at $4,055, while Eswatini ranks 125th at $11,784.

Comoros
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Eswatini
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Comoros Eswatini
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 - - $101.6 -
1961 - - $121.8 -
1962 - - $127.1 -
1963 - - $146.4 -
1964 - - $171.6 -
1965 - - $181 -
1966 - - $192.7 -
1967 - - $182.8 -
1968 - - $190.4 -
1969 - - $245.2 -
1970 - - $254.2 -
1971 - - $301 -
1972 - - $315 -
1973 - - $463 -
1974 - - $536 -
1975 - - $568 -
1976 - - $521 -
1977 - - $563 -
1978 - - $610 -
1979 - - $714 -
1980 $628 - $908 -
1981 $565 - $925 -
1982 $515 - $843 -
1983 $522 - $843 -
1984 $489 - $726 -
1985 $507 - $510 -
1986 $699 - $611 -
1987 $822 - $765 -
1988 $845 - $865 -
1989 $788 - $832 -
1990 $966 $1,386 $1,278 $3,218
1991 $931 $1,323 $1,273 $3,252
1992 $983 $1,438 $1,362 $3,305
1993 $956 $1,489 $1,397 $3,388
1994 $662 $1,415 $1,461 $3,544
1995 $812 $1,471 $1,751 $3,796
1996 $794 $1,454 $1,619 $3,935
1997 $718 $1,512 $1,705 $4,059
1998 $716 $1,522 $1,547 $4,157
1999 $727 $1,546 $1,502 $4,294
2000 $655 $1,719 $1,669 $4,423
2001 $692 $1,762 $1,468 $4,528
2002 $762 $1,793 $1,352 $4,762
2003 $960 $1,831 $2,060 $5,010
2004 $1,091 $1,880 $2,581 $5,299
2005 $1,103 $1,954 $2,945 $5,761
2006 $1,155 $2,026 $3,035 $6,264
2007 $1,290 $2,056 $3,181 $6,680
2008 $1,455 $2,136 $3,000 $6,818
2009 $1,410 $2,244 $3,240 $6,923
2010 $1,387 $2,333 $3,993 $7,231
2011 $1,531 $2,472 $4,312 $7,504
2012 $1,490 $2,679 $4,348 $7,756
2013 $1,603 $2,833 $3,951 $8,234
2014 $1,616 $2,938 $3,772 $8,368
2015 $1,329 $2,949 $3,421 $8,393
2016 $1,365 $3,139 $3,240 $8,488
2017 $1,424 $3,347 $3,854 $8,586
2018 $1,541 $3,305 $3,973 $8,537
2019 $1,519 $3,313 $3,913 $9,248
2020 $1,527 $3,262 $3,455 $9,298
2021 $1,588 $3,449 $3,966 $9,946
2022 $1,534 $3,726 $3,890 $10,665
2023 $1,682 $3,903 $3,742 $11,322
2024 $1,784 $4,055 $3,936 $11,784

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Comoros' government spending was $308M, accounting for 21.6% of its GDP, while Eswatini's spent $1.59B, or 32.8% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 32.5% in Comoros and 38.7% in Eswatini, ranking 157/185 and 138/185, respectively.

Comoros
Government spending

Government debt
Eswatini
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Comoros Eswatini
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1980 - - 15.3% 27.2%
1981 - - 18.9% 24.3%
1982 - - 18.1% 29.2%
1983 - - 17% 28.7%
1984 23.3% 150.3% 17% 29.7%
1985 24.8% 142.9% 19% 45.5%
1986 25.6% 136.8% 18.8% 44%
1987 22.4% 128.9% 16.8% 36.1%
1988 20.2% 120% 16.6% 27.5%
1989 19.7% 113.8% 15.4% 26.8%
1990 20.3% 108.1% 18.2% 20.4%
1991 19.9% 103.9% 19.7% 20.1%
1992 20.4% 101% 25.2% 16.6%
1993 16.3% 95.7% 23.3% 15.2%
1994 21.8% 87.8% 24% 13.4%
1995 18.4% 77.7% 19.9% 12.5%
1996 15.5% 75.4% 22.6% 11.6%
1997 14.5% 70.9% 20.6% 12.6%
1998 13.1% 69.4% 21.8% 15.5%
1999 11.5% 64.5% 25.8% 16.7%
2000 9.74% 60.7% 24.6% 18.2%
2001 13% 53% 25.7% 21.8%
2002 14.3% 48.2% 26.4% 17.1%
2003 12.8% 44.4% 25.6% 17.5%
2004 11.7% 42.4% 31% 15%
2005 12.8% 39.9% 28.9% 13.5%
2006 12.5% 38.5% 27.4% 14.6%
2007 13.1% 35.6% 30.3% 16.1%
2008 15.1% 33.2% 33.4% 14.6%
2009 13.7% 31.7% 33.5% 10.5%
2010 13.3% 30.5% 30.7% 14.1%
2011 13.2% 27.7% 25.3% 14.7%
2012 14.9% 25.1% 27% 14.8%
2013 14.8% 10.3% 28.5% 15%
2014 14.5% 11.8% 32.2% 13.9%
2015 19.1% 14.3% 34.3% 15.8%
2016 18.9% 16.2% 34.6% 20%
2017 18.8% 18.9% 35.5% 22.2%
2018 19.2% 17% 35% 26.9%
2019 20.1% 21.2% 34.1% 31.5%
2020 18.8% 24.3% 34% 39.6%
2021 20% 26.3% 29.7% 37.9%
2022 18.4% 28.2% 30.5% 42.2%
2023 17.9% 28.7% 30.1% 37.9%
2024 19.9% 30.8% 32.4% 37.2%
2025 21.6% 32.5% 32.8% 38.7%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Comoros' government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$54.2M, equivalent to -3.5% of GDP. This compares to Eswatini's deficit of -$95M, or -1.94% of GDP.

Over the past 41 years, Comoros recorded a fiscal deficit in 34 of those years, while Eswatini ran a deficit in 26 years. On average, Comoros posted an annual deficit equal to -1.44% of GDP, compared to deficit of -1.45% of GDP for Eswatini.

Deficit/surplus
Comoros

Eswatini
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Comoros Eswatini
1980 - 5.11%
1981 - -3.4%
1982 - 0.08%
1983 - -0.44%
1984 -5.7% 0.95%
1985 -5.02% -1.13%
1986 -4.83% -2.28%
1987 -3.11% 2%
1988 -2.69% 3.42%
1989 -1.31% 5.65%
1990 -1.03% 5.45%
1991 -2.26% 3.3%
1992 -1.99% -2.81%
1993 1.27% -3.2%
1994 -3.7% -3.51%
1995 -4.13% 0.87%
1996 -3.43% -0.97%
1997 -1.3% 2.05%
1998 -2% 1.04%
1999 -0.46% -1.23%
2000 -1.14% -1.19%
2001 -2.13% -2.25%
2002 -2.15% -3.67%
2003 -2.05% -2.09%
2004 -0.98% -3.98%
2005 -1.41% -1.65%
2006 -1.51% 8.62%
2007 -1.18% 2.36%
2008 -1.46% 1.58%
2009 0.36% -2.97%
2010 4.2% -9.24%
2011 0.86% -3.9%
2012 1.96% 3.38%
2013 10.5% 0.57%
2014 -0.33% -1.15%
2015 2.6% -6.14%
2016 -5.52% -9.09%
2017 -0.1% -6.93%
2018 -1.35% -9.66%
2019 -4.3% -6.7%
2020 -0.52% -4.62%
2021 -2.81% -4.59%
2022 -4.17% -4.74%
2023 -1.34% 0.94%
2024 -3.5% -1.94%
2025 -2.4% -5.51%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 24 years, Comoros has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.9%, compared with 6.84% in Eswatini. In 2019, inflation was 3.3% in Comoros and 2.6% in Eswatini.

Inflation
Comoros

Eswatini
Year Inflation
Comoros Eswatini Comoros Eswatini
1996 2.4% 6.43%
1997 1.5% 7.13%
1998 1.2% 8.11%
1999 1.1% 6.09%
2000 5.9% 12.2%
2001 5.6% 5.94%
2002 3.6% 12%
2003 3.7% 7.29%
2004 4.5% 3.45%
2005 3% 4.77%
2006 3.4% 5.3%
2007 4.5% 8.08%
2008 4.8% 12.7%
2009 4.8% 7.45%
2010 3.9% 4.51%
2011 2.2% 6.11%
2012 5.9% 8.94%
2013 0.4% 5.62%
2014 0% 5.68%
2015 0.9% 4.95%
2016 0.8% 7.85%
2017 0.1% 6.22%
2018 1.7% 4.82%
2019 3.7% 2.6%
2020 0.8% -
2021 0% -
2022 12.4% -
2023 8.5% -
2024 5% -
2025 3.3% -

Top exports between countries

Comoros
Export category Export value
Eswatini
Export category Export value
Chemicals & pharma $67K

Balance of trade

Comoros Eswatini
Current account balance
-$24.6M
2023
$108M
2023
Current account balance ranking
77/189
2023
65/189
2023
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.72%
2023
+2.34%
2023
Goods imports
$299M
2023
$1.86B
2023
Goods exports
$32.1M
2023
$2.03B
2023
Service imports
$205M
2023
$489M
2023
Service exports
$116M
2023
$145M
2023
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
34.5%
2024
51.4%
2023
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
9.91%
2024
48.7%
2023

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Comoros Eswatini
Economic freedom 51.4 56.4
Economic freedom ranking 153/197 118/197
Property rights 22.9 44.8
Government integrity 16 29.9
Judicial effectiveness 20.9 36.8
Tax burden 65.3 76.1
Government spending 89.5 73.9
Fiscal health 86.1 70.6
Business freedom 49.9 49.5
Labor freedom 55.1 55.9
Monetary freedom 71.3 76.1
Trade freedom 64.2 73.6
Investment freedom 45 50
Financial freedom 30 40

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Comoros is 51.4, ranking 153/197, compared to 56.4 for Eswatini, ranking 118/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Comoros
Eswatini
Year Economic freedom index
Comoros Eswatini
1995 - 63.3
1996 - 58.6
1997 - 59.4
1998 - 62
1999 - 62.1
2000 - 62.6
2001 - 63.6
2002 - 60.9
2003 - 59.6
2004 - 58.6
2005 - 59.4
2006 - 61.4
2007 - 60.1
2008 - 58.4
2009 43.3 59.1
2010 44.9 57.4
2011 43.8 59.1
2012 45.7 57.2
2013 47.5 57.2
2014 51.4 61.2
2015 52.1 59.9
2016 52.4 59.7
2017 55.8 61.1
2018 56.2 55.9
2019 55.4 54.7
2020 53.7 55.3
2021 55.7 55.1
2022 50.4 51.4
2023 53.5 54.9
2024 52 55.6
2025 51.4 56.4

More economic indicators

Comoros Eswatini
Services, % of GDP
50.1%
2024
51.7%
2023
Industry, % of GDP
9.56%
2024
34.7%
2023
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
36.6%
2024
6.78%
2023
GNI, Atlas method
$1.47B
2024
$4.45B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$4,080
2024
$10,750
2024
Total reserves including gold
$324M
2024
$479M
2023
Total reserves ranking
166/177
2024
159/177
2023
Net foreign direct investment
-$5.35M
2023
-$50.8M
2023
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$7.1M
2024
$75.5M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$1.1M
1990
$63.8M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
1.31%
2023
3.92%
2023
Poverty at national poverty lines
44.8%
2020
58.9%
2016
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
11.7%
2024
19.2%
2023

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.