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Population in Cuba compared to Madagascar: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank team

The latest officially reported population of Cuba was 10,979,783 in 2024 vs 31,964,956 people in Madagascar in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Cuba's population is 10,894,785 people compared to 33,750,171 in Madagascar.

Population statistics:

  • Madagascar's population is 3.1 times bigger than Cuba's.
  • Cuba is ranked the 90th most populous country in the world, while Madagascar is the 49th.
  • The countries together account for 0.54% of the world: 0.13% for Cuba vs 0.41% for Madagascar.
  • For the last 10 years, Cuba has had an average growth rate of -0.26% per year vs +2.6% in Madagascar.
  • Since 2006, the population of Cuba has decreased from 11.3M people to 10.9M (3.4% decline), while Madagascar has grown from 19.7M to 33.8M (71.1% growth).

Cuba vs Madagascar: population by year and forecast

Cuba
Factual

Projection
Madagascar
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Cuba Madagascar
2100 5,596,718 86,197,674
2099 5,657,375 85,808,382
2098 5,718,645 85,404,097
2097 5,780,569 84,987,607
2096 5,843,224 84,559,113
2095 5,906,751 84,119,392
2094 5,970,804 83,665,834
2093 6,035,854 83,200,140
2092 6,101,659 82,723,075
2091 6,168,154 82,233,465
2090 6,235,722 81,734,626
2089 6,304,222 81,223,857
2088 6,373,377 80,700,261
2087 6,443,413 80,164,903
2086 6,514,289 79,619,760
2085 6,585,780 79,064,003
2084 6,657,505 78,499,094
2083 6,729,522 77,922,946
2082 6,801,995 77,337,305
2081 6,874,468 76,740,524
2080 6,947,089 76,133,028
2079 7,019,723 75,513,518
2078 7,092,413 74,881,435
2077 7,165,274 74,236,865
2076 7,238,004 73,582,256
2075 7,311,071 72,914,884
2074 7,384,626 72,235,202
2073 7,458,600 71,545,378
2072 7,533,524 70,843,401
2071 7,609,105 70,130,366
2070 7,686,135 69,409,326
2069 7,764,393 68,677,859
2068 7,843,807 67,936,195
2067 7,924,753 67,185,066
2066 8,007,003 66,425,210
2065 8,090,881 65,658,016
2064 8,176,150 64,881,253
2063 8,262,542 64,097,223
2062 8,350,350 63,305,402
2061 8,439,080 62,506,578
2060 8,528,768 61,701,267
2059 8,618,786 60,889,495
2058 8,708,762 60,073,702
2057 8,798,693 59,254,008
2056 8,888,562 58,428,653
2055 8,977,652 57,600,579
2054 9,066,133 56,769,869
2053 9,153,249 55,935,411
2052 9,238,892 55,097,962
2051 9,323,021 54,258,057
2050 9,405,481 53,415,029
2049 9,486,566 52,570,680
2048 9,565,607 51,725,320
2047 9,643,403 50,879,659
2046 9,719,554 50,033,785
2045 9,793,859 49,188,703
2044 9,866,367 48,344,009
2043 9,937,436 47,499,657
2042 10,006,554 46,656,643
2041 10,073,994 45,815,621
2040 10,139,368 44,976,152
2039 10,203,016 44,140,155
2038 10,264,587 43,305,683
2037 10,325,061 42,474,372
2036 10,383,547 41,645,556
2035 10,440,509 40,819,415
2034 10,496,359 39,997,842
2033 10,550,821 39,178,430
2032 10,603,749 38,361,932
2031 10,655,312 37,547,484
2030 10,705,845 36,737,238
2029 10,755,262 35,930,925
2028 10,803,047 35,128,136
2027 10,849,321 34,329,429
2026 10,894,785 33,535,391
2025 10,938,241 32,747,552
2024 10,979,783 31,964,956
2023 11,019,931 31,195,932
2022 11,059,820 30,437,261
2021 11,122,168 29,691,083
2020 11,176,354 28,953,556
2019 11,202,846 28,219,554
2018 11,227,118 27,494,926
2017 11,247,829 26,788,375
2016 11,265,612 26,099,952
2015 11,275,065 25,426,702
2014 11,285,775 24,764,348
2013 11,298,167 24,109,290
2012 11,303,175 23,462,438
2011 11,301,571 22,822,300
2010 11,297,409 22,183,340
2009 11,294,719 21,547,280
2008 11,291,762 20,923,840
2007 11,287,272 20,318,583
2006 11,278,550 19,730,909
2005 11,262,554 19,159,707
2004 11,238,756 18,606,608
2003 11,209,383 18,071,854
2002 11,177,418 17,549,913
2001 11,144,132 17,032,939
2000 11,109,109 16,516,338
1999 11,072,230 16,000,506
1998 11,034,712 15,489,364
1997 10,997,934 14,990,814
1996 10,962,010 14,510,711
1995 10,925,362 14,051,275
1994 10,886,021 13,613,850
1993 10,841,031 13,197,345
1992 10,785,801 12,800,870
1991 10,717,640 12,421,412
1990 10,631,799 12,055,639
1989 10,533,243 11,704,998
1988 10,432,585 11,369,462
1987 10,335,342 11,047,291
1986 10,244,247 10,736,857
1985 10,157,228 10,433,142
1984 10,073,299 10,134,550
1983 9,991,026 9,843,044
1982 9,912,681 9,557,671
1981 9,849,320 9,279,011
1980 9,804,796 9,006,032
1979 9,763,355 8,737,581
1978 9,711,980 8,475,864
1977 9,648,440 8,222,240
1976 9,571,242 7,976,831
1975 9,479,726 7,739,336
1974 9,374,183 7,509,726
1973 9,255,328 7,288,048
1972 9,123,891 7,074,398
1971 8,979,085 6,868,868
1970 8,824,382 6,672,003
1969 8,666,640 6,484,716
1968 8,509,522 6,306,493
1967 8,352,625 6,136,486
1966 8,193,450 5,974,279
1965 8,030,797 5,819,116
1964 7,866,020 5,669,863
1963 7,701,660 5,525,185
1962 7,541,098 5,384,150
1961 7,387,117 5,246,158
1960 7,238,081 5,111,029

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/madagascar | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Cuba decreased by 12,938 people (a 0.11% decline), while Madagascar gained 6,369,043 people (a 32.3% growth).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Cuba lost 370,827 people (a 3.29% decline), while Madagascar's population increased by 7,650,219 people (a 29.3% growth).

Cuba was ranked 73rd most populous country in 2006 and is 90th in 2026. Madagascar was ranked 57th in 2006 and ranked 49th now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Cuba's population will shrink by 13.7% to 9,405,481 people with a rank change from 90th to 104th. The population of Madagascar will increase by 58.3% to 53,415,029 people and rank change from 49th to 37th.

Madagascar is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 86.2M people, while Cuba's population already peaked in 2012 at 11.3M people and is projected to decrease to 5.6M people by 2100.

Population growth rate by year

Cuba
Factual

Projection
Madagascar
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Cuba Madagascar
2100 -1.07% 0.45%
2099 -1.07% 0.47%
2098 -1.07% 0.49%
2097 -1.07% 0.51%
2096 -1.08% 0.52%
2095 -1.07% 0.54%
2094 -1.08% 0.56%
2093 -1.08% 0.58%
2092 -1.08% 0.6%
2091 -1.08% 0.61%
2090 -1.09% 0.63%
2089 -1.09% 0.65%
2088 -1.09% 0.67%
2087 -1.09% 0.68%
2086 -1.09% 0.7%
2085 -1.08% 0.72%
2084 -1.07% 0.74%
2083 -1.07% 0.76%
2082 -1.05% 0.78%
2081 -1.05% 0.8%
2080 -1.03% 0.82%
2079 -1.02% 0.84%
2078 -1.02% 0.87%
2077 -1% 0.89%
2076 -1% 0.92%
2075 -1% 0.94%
2074 -0.99% 0.96%
2073 -0.99% 0.99%
2072 -0.99% 1.02%
2071 -1% 1.04%
2070 -1.01% 1.07%
2069 -1.01% 1.09%
2068 -1.02% 1.12%
2067 -1.03% 1.14%
2066 -1.04% 1.17%
2065 -1.04% 1.2%
2064 -1.05% 1.22%
2063 -1.05% 1.25%
2062 -1.05% 1.28%
2061 -1.05% 1.31%
2060 -1.04% 1.33%
2059 -1.03% 1.36%
2058 -1.02% 1.38%
2057 -1.01% 1.41%
2056 -0.99% 1.44%
2055 -0.98% 1.46%
2054 -0.95% 1.49%
2053 -0.93% 1.52%
2052 -0.9% 1.55%
2051 -0.88% 1.58%
2050 -0.85% 1.61%
2049 -0.83% 1.63%
2048 -0.81% 1.66%
2047 -0.78% 1.69%
2046 -0.76% 1.72%
2045 -0.73% 1.75%
2044 -0.72% 1.78%
2043 -0.69% 1.81%
2042 -0.67% 1.84%
2041 -0.64% 1.87%
2040 -0.62% 1.89%
2039 -0.6% 1.93%
2038 -0.59% 1.96%
2037 -0.56% 1.99%
2036 -0.55% 2.02%
2035 -0.53% 2.05%
2034 -0.52% 2.09%
2033 -0.5% 2.13%
2032 -0.48% 2.17%
2031 -0.47% 2.21%
2030 -0.46% 2.24%
2029 -0.44% 2.29%
2028 -0.43% 2.33%
2027 -0.42% 2.37%
2026 -0.4% 2.41%
2025 -0.38% 2.45%
2024 -0.36% 2.47%
2023 -0.36% 2.49%
2022 -0.56% 2.51%
2021 -0.48% 2.55%
2020 -0.24% 2.6%
2019 -0.22% 2.64%
2018 -0.18% 2.64%
2017 -0.16% 2.64%
2016 -0.08% 2.65%
2015 -0.09% 2.67%
2014 -0.11% 2.72%
2013 -0.04% 2.76%
2012 0.01% 2.8%
2011 0.04% 2.88%
2010 0.02% 2.95%
2009 0.03% 2.98%
2008 0.04% 2.98%
2007 0.08% 2.98%
2006 0.14% 2.98%
2005 0.21% 2.97%
2004 0.26% 2.96%
2003 0.29% 2.97%
2002 0.3% 3.04%
2001 0.32% 3.13%
2000 0.33% 3.22%
1999 0.34% 3.3%
1998 0.33% 3.33%
1997 0.33% 3.31%
1996 0.34% 3.27%
1995 0.36% 3.21%
1994 0.41% 3.16%
1993 0.51% 3.1%
1992 0.64% 3.05%
1991 0.81% 3.03%
1990 0.94% 3%
1989 0.96% 2.95%
1988 0.94% 2.92%
1987 0.89% 2.89%
1986 0.86% 2.91%
1985 0.83% 2.95%
1984 0.82% 2.96%
1983 0.79% 2.99%
1982 0.64% 3%
1981 0.45% 3.03%
1980 0.42% 3.07%
1979 0.53% 3.09%
1978 0.66% 3.08%
1977 0.81% 3.08%
1976 0.97% 3.07%
1975 1.13% 3.06%
1974 1.28% 3.04%
1973 1.44% 3.02%
1972 1.61% 2.99%
1971 1.75% 2.95%
1970 1.82% 2.89%
1969 1.85% 2.83%
1968 1.88% 2.77%
1967 1.94% 2.72%
1966 2.03% 2.67%
1965 2.09% 2.63%
1964 2.13% 2.62%
1963 2.13% 2.62%
1962 2.08% 2.63%
1961 2.06% 2.64%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/madagascar | CC BY

In 2024, the population of Cuba declined by 0.36%, while Madagascar's population grew by 2.47%.

Live population counters

Cuba Madagascar
Current population
10894785
33750171
Population rank 90/197 49/197
Percent of world population 0.13% 0.41%
One net population change
13.1 minutes
41 seconds
One birth every
5.48 minutes
31.5 seconds
One death every
4.7 minutes
2.24 minutes
Daily growth/decline -110 +2,107
Annual growth/decline -40,148 +769,024
Annual growth/decline rate -0.36% +2.47%
Population growth rate rank 182/197 29/197
One migration net change every
23.7 minutes
3.94 hours
Annual migration change -22,244 -2,227
Net migration rank 153/196 100/196
Foreign-born residents 2,144 38,625
Foreign-born residents rank 193/195 158/195
Foreign-born share of population 0.12% 0.1%
Foreign-born share rank 191/195 193/195

Natural population change vs migration

Cuba
Natural

Migration
Madagascar
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Cuba Madagascar
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - -22,244 - -2,227
2024 - -22,356 - -1,795
2023 -15,880 -22,797 766,391 -1,487
2022 -17,961 -23,149 753,931 -1,487
2021 -71,616 -11,976 741,416 -1,480
2020 -12,808 -11,976 736,607 -1,480
2019 -4,245 -23,955 735,853 -2,976
2018 3,436 -23,779 719,267 -2,887
2017 2,306 -23,394 699,498 -2,784
2016 9,677 -24,146 682,801 -2,687
2015 20,464 -24,910 668,977 -2,594
2014 22,448 -39,426 660,837 -2,522
2013 29,827 -37,619 654,230 -2,445
2012 33,864 -36,101 644,255 -2,334
2011 40,753 -35,313 640,577 -2,219
2010 37,021 -34,121 641,543 -1,979
2009 37,543 -35,063 634,008 -1,429
2008 32,848 -29,427 615,580 -1,255
2007 24,617 -19,050 597,772 -1,563
2006 24,508 -12,619 581,489 -2,336
2005 36,660 -16,561 568,143 -4,869
2004 44,258 -16,776 556,319 -13,393
2003 56,170 -24,916 544,903 -18,345
2002 58,212 -25,535 535,518 -18,209
2001 57,325 -23,442 529,656 -13,014
2000 61,133 -24,980 520,860 -4,298
1999 69,069 -31,456 516,976 -1,891
1998 71,284 -33,863 508,408 -1,222
1997 71,828 -35,712 490,905 -986
1996 61,837 -26,105 471,453 -1,161
1995 66,809 -29,235 450,259 -1,670
1994 68,604 -27,501 428,169 -1,905
1993 73,221 -24,358 408,801 -2,063
1992 83,461 -21,867 388,430 -2,216
1991 95,398 -20,665 375,040 -2,330
1990 112,378 -15,438 360,621 -1,777
1989 114,865 -14,705 344,279 -1,848
1988 116,626 -15,474 330,510 -1,883
1987 109,617 -16,290 317,621 -1,896
1986 105,997 -17,146 307,074 -1,914
1985 103,228 -18,048 304,199 -1,947
1984 101,670 -18,994 296,892 -1,965
1983 101,858 -19,994 290,085 -1,979
1982 95,866 -21,055 284,733 -2,093
1981 74,067 -22,159 277,535 -2,864
1980 74,271 -37,114 275,287 -4,005
1979 81,192 -35,473 270,752 -5,126
1978 86,864 -29,839 263,684 -5,874
1977 106,875 -36,811 255,399 -5,957
1976 125,383 -41,042 247,026 -5,655
1975 144,964 -46,268 238,774 -5,173
1974 165,099 -52,697 230,233 -4,607
1973 177,387 -52,073 221,768 -4,037
1972 187,588 -50,031 213,138 -3,583
1971 195,106 -43,056 204,617 -3,118
1970 201,823 -44,466 194,889 -2,658
1969 205,581 -47,446 184,562 -2,216
1968 205,487 -49,387 175,869 -1,766
1967 207,245 -49,556 167,287 -1,383
1966 209,179 -48,509 159,483 -964
1965 211,322 -46,683 152,362 -550
1964 209,315 -44,406 146,894 -204
1963 205,788 -41,979 142,666 0
1962 196,423 -39,116 139,412 0
1961 183,806 -33,163 136,578 0
1960 172,816 -25,396 133,684 0

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/madagascar | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 21.9% of the population change in Cuba is from natural causes (a loss of 64,179 people) and 78.1% is from migration (a loss of 229,508 people). In Madagascar 99.7% is from natural causes (a gain of 7,165,578 people) and 0.31% is from migration (a loss of 22,384 people).

As of 2024, 2,144 residents or 0.12% of the population were not native-born in Cuba, compared to 38,625 people or 0.1% in Madagascar.

Biggest cities by population

Cuba
City Population
Havana 2.49M
Santiago de Cuba 445K
Holguin 350K
Camaguey 322K
Santa Clara 247K
Bayamo 235K
Guantanamo 228K
Las Tunas 202K
Pinar del Rio 189K
Cienfuegos 165K
Madagascar
City Population
Antananarivo 1.28M
Antsirabe 265K
Toamasina 225K
Toliara 169K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/madagascar | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  5. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)

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