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Population in Cuba compared to Peru: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank

The latest officially reported population of Cuba was 10,937,203 in 2025 vs 34,576,665 people in Peru in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Cuba's population is 10,893,750 people compared to 35,105,331 in Peru.

Population statistics:

  • Peru's population is 3.22 times bigger than Cuba's.
  • Cuba is ranked the 90th most populous country in the world, while Peru is the 48th.
  • The countries together account for 0.55% of the world: 0.13% for Cuba vs 0.42% for Peru.
  • For the last 10 years, Cuba has had an average growth rate of -0.28% per year vs +1.26% in Peru.
  • Since 2006, the population of Cuba has decreased from 11.3M people to 10.9M (3.41% decline), while Peru has grown from 28.3M to 35.1M (23.9% growth).

Cuba vs Peru: population by year and forecast

Cuba
Factual

Projection
Peru
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Cuba Peru
2100 5,596,187 38,442,430
2099 5,656,838 38,609,486
2098 5,718,102 38,774,265
2097 5,780,020 38,937,509
2096 5,842,669 39,098,598
2095 5,906,190 39,257,494
2094 5,970,237 39,413,146
2093 6,035,281 39,567,920
2092 6,101,080 39,718,895
2091 6,167,568 39,867,036
2090 6,235,130 40,012,169
2089 6,303,623 40,153,701
2088 6,372,772 40,292,740
2087 6,442,801 40,428,045
2086 6,513,670 40,558,786
2085 6,585,155 40,685,268
2084 6,656,872 40,807,007
2083 6,728,883 40,923,102
2082 6,801,349 41,034,801
2081 6,873,815 41,140,743
2080 6,946,429 41,241,207
2079 7,019,056 41,334,845
2078 7,091,740 41,422,439
2077 7,164,594 41,503,511
2076 7,237,317 41,578,164
2075 7,310,377 41,645,808
2074 7,383,925 41,706,491
2073 7,457,892 41,759,277
2072 7,532,809 41,804,713
2071 7,608,382 41,842,534
2070 7,685,405 41,873,019
2069 7,763,655 41,895,381
2068 7,843,062 41,909,248
2067 7,924,000 41,914,729
2066 8,006,242 41,912,112
2065 8,090,113 41,901,353
2064 8,175,374 41,882,691
2063 8,261,758 41,855,037
2062 8,349,557 41,819,132
2061 8,438,278 41,774,412
2060 8,527,958 41,721,225
2059 8,617,968 41,659,921
2058 8,707,935 41,590,180
2057 8,797,858 41,511,131
2056 8,887,718 41,423,914
2055 8,976,800 41,327,613
2054 9,065,272 41,223,066
2053 9,152,380 41,109,699
2052 9,238,015 40,988,952
2051 9,322,135 40,860,060
2050 9,404,588 40,722,627
2049 9,485,665 40,577,434
2048 9,564,698 40,424,258
2047 9,642,488 40,261,875
2046 9,718,631 40,090,240
2045 9,792,929 39,910,095
2044 9,865,430 39,720,613
2043 9,936,492 39,523,731
2042 10,005,604 39,318,023
2041 10,073,038 39,103,923
2040 10,138,405 38,882,017
2039 10,202,047 38,652,110
2038 10,263,612 38,414,521
2037 10,324,081 38,168,782
2036 10,382,560 37,914,498
2035 10,439,517 37,652,693
2034 10,495,362 37,382,554
2033 10,549,819 37,105,048
2032 10,602,742 36,820,835
2031 10,654,301 36,529,111
2030 10,704,828 36,228,701
2029 10,754,241 35,919,668
2028 10,802,022 35,600,666
2027 10,848,290 35,271,163
2026 10,893,750 34,930,183
2025 10,937,203 34,576,665
2024 10,979,783 34,217,848
2023 11,019,931 33,845,617
2022 11,059,820 33,475,438
2021 11,122,168 33,155,882
2020 11,176,354 32,838,579
2019 11,202,846 32,449,303
2018 11,227,118 31,897,584
2017 11,247,829 31,324,637
2016 11,265,612 30,866,494
2015 11,275,065 30,457,600
2014 11,285,775 30,115,826
2013 11,298,167 29,817,919
2012 11,303,175 29,550,366
2011 11,301,571 29,304,086
2010 11,297,409 29,086,019
2009 11,294,719 28,896,811
2008 11,291,762 28,719,041
2007 11,287,272 28,530,699
2006 11,278,550 28,324,491
2005 11,262,554 28,101,180
2004 11,238,756 27,852,190
2003 11,209,383 27,580,490
2002 11,177,418 27,288,217
2001 11,144,132 26,964,601
2000 11,109,109 26,598,331
1999 11,072,230 26,186,504
1998 11,034,712 25,738,095
1997 10,997,934 25,274,147
1996 10,962,010 24,811,171
1995 10,925,362 24,348,919
1994 10,886,021 23,881,493
1993 10,841,031 23,413,783
1992 10,785,801 22,946,340
1991 10,717,640 22,483,775
1990 10,631,799 22,014,771
1989 10,533,243 21,532,589
1988 10,432,585 21,054,702
1987 10,335,342 20,582,320
1986 10,244,247 20,117,122
1985 10,157,228 19,648,204
1984 10,073,299 19,174,716
1983 9,991,026 18,705,957
1982 9,912,681 18,246,503
1981 9,849,320 17,798,805
1980 9,804,796 17,360,949
1979 9,763,355 16,933,139
1978 9,711,980 16,516,059
1977 9,648,440 16,109,806
1976 9,571,242 15,716,809
1975 9,479,726 15,333,957
1974 9,374,183 14,956,552
1973 9,255,328 14,582,867
1972 9,123,891 14,210,147
1971 8,979,085 13,838,067
1970 8,824,382 13,501,237
1969 8,666,640 13,166,767
1968 8,509,522 12,803,993
1967 8,352,625 12,448,814
1966 8,193,450 12,101,297
1965 8,030,797 11,761,085
1964 7,866,020 11,427,978
1963 7,701,660 11,102,099
1962 7,541,098 10,784,612
1961 7,387,117 10,475,123
1960 7,238,081 10,174,127

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/peru | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Cuba decreased by 12,938 people (a 0.11% decline), while Peru gained 2,542,003 people (a 8.97% growth).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Cuba lost 371,862 people (a 3.3% decline), while Peru's population increased by 4,238,837 people (a 13.7% growth).

Cuba was ranked 73rd most populous country in 2006 and is 90th in 2026. Peru was ranked 40th in 2006 and ranked 48th now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Cuba's population will shrink by 13.7% to 9,404,588 people with a rank change from 90th to 104th. The population of Peru will increase by 16% to 40,722,627 people and rank change from 48th to 51st.

Peru is projected to reach its peak in 2067 at 41.9M people, while Cuba's population already peaked in 2012 at 11.3M people and is projected to decrease to 5.6M people by 2100.

Population growth rate by year

Cuba
Factual

Projection
Peru
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Cuba Peru
2100 -1.07% -0.43%
2099 -1.07% -0.42%
2098 -1.07% -0.42%
2097 -1.07% -0.41%
2096 -1.08% -0.4%
2095 -1.07% -0.39%
2094 -1.08% -0.39%
2093 -1.08% -0.38%
2092 -1.08% -0.37%
2091 -1.08% -0.36%
2090 -1.09% -0.35%
2089 -1.09% -0.35%
2088 -1.09% -0.33%
2087 -1.09% -0.32%
2086 -1.09% -0.31%
2085 -1.08% -0.3%
2084 -1.07% -0.28%
2083 -1.07% -0.27%
2082 -1.05% -0.26%
2081 -1.05% -0.24%
2080 -1.03% -0.23%
2079 -1.02% -0.21%
2078 -1.02% -0.2%
2077 -1% -0.18%
2076 -1% -0.16%
2075 -1% -0.15%
2074 -0.99% -0.13%
2073 -0.99% -0.11%
2072 -0.99% -0.09%
2071 -1% -0.07%
2070 -1.01% -0.05%
2069 -1.01% -0.03%
2068 -1.02% -0.01%
2067 -1.03% 0.006%
2066 -1.04% 0.03%
2065 -1.04% 0.04%
2064 -1.05% 0.07%
2063 -1.05% 0.09%
2062 -1.05% 0.11%
2061 -1.05% 0.13%
2060 -1.04% 0.15%
2059 -1.03% 0.17%
2058 -1.02% 0.19%
2057 -1.01% 0.21%
2056 -0.99% 0.23%
2055 -0.98% 0.25%
2054 -0.95% 0.28%
2053 -0.93% 0.29%
2052 -0.9% 0.32%
2051 -0.88% 0.34%
2050 -0.85% 0.36%
2049 -0.83% 0.38%
2048 -0.81% 0.4%
2047 -0.78% 0.43%
2046 -0.76% 0.45%
2045 -0.73% 0.48%
2044 -0.72% 0.5%
2043 -0.69% 0.52%
2042 -0.67% 0.55%
2041 -0.64% 0.57%
2040 -0.62% 0.59%
2039 -0.6% 0.62%
2038 -0.59% 0.64%
2037 -0.56% 0.67%
2036 -0.55% 0.7%
2035 -0.53% 0.72%
2034 -0.52% 0.75%
2033 -0.5% 0.77%
2032 -0.48% 0.8%
2031 -0.47% 0.83%
2030 -0.46% 0.86%
2029 -0.44% 0.9%
2028 -0.43% 0.93%
2027 -0.42% 0.98%
2026 -0.4% 1.02%
2025 -0.39% 1.05%
2024 -0.36% 1.1%
2023 -0.36% 1.11%
2022 -0.56% 0.96%
2021 -0.48% 0.97%
2020 -0.24% 1.2%
2019 -0.22% 1.73%
2018 -0.18% 1.83%
2017 -0.16% 1.48%
2016 -0.08% 1.34%
2015 -0.09% 1.13%
2014 -0.11% 1%
2013 -0.04% 0.91%
2012 0.01% 0.84%
2011 0.04% 0.75%
2010 0.02% 0.65%
2009 0.03% 0.62%
2008 0.04% 0.66%
2007 0.08% 0.73%
2006 0.14% 0.79%
2005 0.21% 0.89%
2004 0.26% 0.99%
2003 0.29% 1.07%
2002 0.3% 1.2%
2001 0.32% 1.38%
2000 0.33% 1.57%
1999 0.34% 1.74%
1998 0.33% 1.84%
1997 0.33% 1.87%
1996 0.34% 1.9%
1995 0.36% 1.96%
1994 0.41% 2%
1993 0.51% 2.04%
1992 0.64% 2.06%
1991 0.81% 2.13%
1990 0.94% 2.24%
1989 0.96% 2.27%
1988 0.94% 2.3%
1987 0.89% 2.31%
1986 0.86% 2.39%
1985 0.83% 2.47%
1984 0.82% 2.51%
1983 0.79% 2.52%
1982 0.64% 2.52%
1981 0.45% 2.52%
1980 0.42% 2.53%
1979 0.53% 2.53%
1978 0.66% 2.52%
1977 0.81% 2.5%
1976 0.97% 2.5%
1975 1.13% 2.52%
1974 1.28% 2.56%
1973 1.44% 2.62%
1972 1.61% 2.69%
1971 1.75% 2.49%
1970 1.82% 2.54%
1969 1.85% 2.83%
1968 1.88% 2.85%
1967 1.94% 2.87%
1966 2.03% 2.89%
1965 2.09% 2.91%
1964 2.13% 2.94%
1963 2.13% 2.94%
1962 2.08% 2.95%
1961 2.06% 2.96%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/peru | CC BY

In 2025, the population of Cuba declined by 0.39%, while Peru's population grew by 1.05%.

Live population counters

Cuba Peru
Current population
10893750
35105331
Population rank 90/197 48/197
Percent of world population 0.13% 0.42%
One net population change
12.4 minutes
1.47 minutes
One birth every
5.55 minutes
58.5 seconds
One death every
4.61 minutes
2.75 minutes
Daily growth/decline -117 +983
Annual growth/decline -42,580 +358,817
Annual growth/decline rate -0.39% +1.05%
Population growth rate rank 180/197 97/197
One migration net change every
23.7 minutes
44.2 minutes
Annual migration change -22,244 +11,931
Net migration rank 153/196 41/196
Foreign-born residents 2,144 1,837,219
Foreign-born residents rank 193/195 39/195
Foreign-born share of population 0.12% 5.4%
Foreign-born share rank 191/195 90/195

Natural population change vs migration

Cuba
Natural

Migration
Peru
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Cuba Peru
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - -22,244 - 11,931
2024 -19,270 -22,356 347,517 18,406
2023 -15,880 -22,797 353,788 24,783
2022 -17,961 -23,149 327,859 33,982
2021 -71,616 -11,976 235,440 41,868
2020 -12,808 -11,976 301,950 55,375
2019 -4,245 -23,955 346,981 74,270
2018 3,436 -23,779 343,123 339,067
2017 2,306 -23,394 349,333 114,382
2016 9,677 -24,146 355,859 96,740
2015 20,464 -24,910 362,781 2,421
2014 22,448 -39,426 368,708 -50,383
2013 29,827 -37,619 372,694 -95,214
2012 33,864 -36,101 376,501 -118,863
2011 40,753 -35,313 383,268 -148,339
2010 37,021 -34,121 382,510 -181,302
2009 37,543 -35,063 396,522 -219,314
2008 32,848 -29,427 413,640 -235,307
2007 24,617 -19,050 435,122 -236,745
2006 24,508 -12,619 445,884 -231,851
2005 36,660 -16,561 454,199 -221,652
2004 44,258 -16,776 459,617 -194,171
2003 56,170 -24,916 459,243 -181,276
2002 58,212 -25,535 463,709 -157,158
2001 57,325 -23,442 470,154 -129,481
2000 61,133 -24,980 484,222 -92,353
1999 69,069 -31,456 487,095 -55,325
1998 71,284 -33,863 489,436 -24,388
1997 71,828 -35,712 495,348 -32,515
1996 61,837 -26,105 501,855 -38,749
1995 66,809 -29,235 507,894 -46,499
1994 68,604 -27,501 512,735 -39,299
1993 73,221 -24,358 513,769 -51,775
1992 83,461 -21,867 514,618 -41,702
1991 95,398 -20,665 513,867 -61,645
1990 112,378 -15,438 515,233 -29,437
1989 114,865 -14,705 512,152 -33,569
1988 116,626 -15,474 508,429 -31,238
1987 109,617 -16,290 502,229 -34,651
1986 105,997 -17,146 496,712 -33,891
1985 103,228 -18,048 488,887 -13,887
1984 101,670 -18,994 477,968 -6,007
1983 101,858 -19,994 469,781 -4,243
1982 95,866 -21,055 461,107 -7,748
1981 74,067 -22,159 453,158 -11,123
1980 74,271 -37,114 445,100 -11,446
1979 81,192 -35,473 439,110 -17,148
1978 86,864 -29,839 432,127 -19,939
1977 106,875 -36,811 425,428 -25,117
1976 125,383 -41,042 420,284 -34,602
1975 144,964 -46,268 414,400 -34,382
1974 165,099 -52,697 408,299 -33,493
1973 177,387 -52,073 400,752 -28,191
1972 187,588 -50,031 396,960 -24,100
1971 195,106 -43,056 391,506 -20,209
1970 201,823 -44,466 318,022 -15,653
1969 205,581 -47,446 379,347 -12,776
1968 205,487 -49,387 372,379 -13,389
1967 207,245 -49,556 365,224 -13,837
1966 209,179 -48,509 356,819 -13,166
1965 211,322 -46,683 349,245 -12,470
1964 209,315 -44,406 341,570 -12,129
1963 205,788 -41,979 332,352 -10,040
1962 196,423 -39,116 321,716 -9,051
1961 183,806 -33,163 313,385 -7,063
1960 172,816 -25,396 302,924 -7,236

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/peru | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 33.3% of the population change in Cuba is from natural causes (a loss of 105,897 people) and 66.7% is from migration (a loss of 212,438 people). In Peru 80.6% is from natural causes (a gain of 3,324,631 people) and 19.4% is from migration (a gain of 801,294 people).

As of 2024, 2,144 residents or 0.12% of the population were not native-born in Cuba, compared to 1,837,219 people or 5.4% in Peru.

Biggest cities by population

Cuba
City Population
Havana 2.49M
Santiago de Cuba 506K
Holguin 350K
Camaguey 322K
Santa Clara 247K
Bayamo 235K
Guantanamo 228K
Las Tunas 202K
Pinar del Rio 189K
Cienfuegos 165K
Peru
City Population
Lima 9.94M
Arequipa 1.01M
Trujillo 920K
Chiclayo 553K
Callao 537K
Piura 473K
Cusco 428K
Chimbote 395K
Huancayo 378K
Iquitos 378K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/peru | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)

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