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Population in Cuba compared to Peru: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank team

The latest officially reported population of Cuba was 10,979,783 in 2024 vs 34,217,848 people in Peru in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Cuba's population is 10,894,785 people compared to 35,031,596 in Peru.

Population statistics:

  • Peru's population is 3.22 times bigger than Cuba's.
  • Cuba is ranked the 90th most populous country in the world, while Peru is the 48th.
  • The countries together account for 0.55% of the world: 0.13% for Cuba vs 0.42% for Peru.
  • For the last 10 years, Cuba has had an average growth rate of -0.26% per year vs +1.26% in Peru.
  • Since 2006, the population of Cuba has decreased from 11.3M people to 10.9M (3.4% decline), while Peru has grown from 28.3M to 35M (23.7% growth).

Cuba vs Peru: population by year and forecast

Cuba
Factual

Projection
Peru
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Cuba Peru
2100 5,596,718 38,452,509
2099 5,657,375 38,619,608
2098 5,718,645 38,784,430
2097 5,780,569 38,947,717
2096 5,843,224 39,108,849
2095 5,906,751 39,267,786
2094 5,970,804 39,423,479
2093 6,035,854 39,578,294
2092 6,101,659 39,729,309
2091 6,168,154 39,877,488
2090 6,235,722 40,022,659
2089 6,304,222 40,164,228
2088 6,373,377 40,303,304
2087 6,443,413 40,438,644
2086 6,514,289 40,569,419
2085 6,585,780 40,695,935
2084 6,657,505 40,817,705
2083 6,729,522 40,933,831
2082 6,801,995 41,045,559
2081 6,874,468 41,151,529
2080 6,947,089 41,252,019
2079 7,019,723 41,345,682
2078 7,092,413 41,433,298
2077 7,165,274 41,514,392
2076 7,238,004 41,589,064
2075 7,311,071 41,656,726
2074 7,384,626 41,717,426
2073 7,458,600 41,770,225
2072 7,533,524 41,815,673
2071 7,609,105 41,853,504
2070 7,686,135 41,883,997
2069 7,764,393 41,906,365
2068 7,843,807 41,920,235
2067 7,924,753 41,925,717
2066 8,007,003 41,923,100
2065 8,090,881 41,912,338
2064 8,176,150 41,893,671
2063 8,262,542 41,866,010
2062 8,350,350 41,830,096
2061 8,439,080 41,785,364
2060 8,528,768 41,732,163
2059 8,618,786 41,670,843
2058 8,708,762 41,601,084
2057 8,798,693 41,522,014
2056 8,888,562 41,434,774
2055 8,977,652 41,338,448
2054 9,066,133 41,233,873
2053 9,153,249 41,120,477
2052 9,238,892 40,999,698
2051 9,323,021 40,870,773
2050 9,405,481 40,733,304
2049 9,486,566 40,588,072
2048 9,565,607 40,434,856
2047 9,643,403 40,272,431
2046 9,719,554 40,100,751
2045 9,793,859 39,920,558
2044 9,866,367 39,731,027
2043 9,937,436 39,534,093
2042 10,006,554 39,328,332
2041 10,073,994 39,114,174
2040 10,139,368 38,892,211
2039 10,203,016 38,662,243
2038 10,264,587 38,424,592
2037 10,325,061 38,178,789
2036 10,383,547 37,924,438
2035 10,440,509 37,662,565
2034 10,496,359 37,392,354
2033 10,550,821 37,114,776
2032 10,603,749 36,830,488
2031 10,655,312 36,538,688
2030 10,705,845 36,238,199
2029 10,755,262 35,929,085
2028 10,803,047 35,609,999
2027 10,849,321 35,280,410
2026 10,894,785 34,939,340
2025 10,938,241 34,585,730
2024 10,979,783 34,217,848
2023 11,019,931 33,845,617
2022 11,059,820 33,475,438
2021 11,122,168 33,155,882
2020 11,176,354 32,838,579
2019 11,202,846 32,449,303
2018 11,227,118 31,897,584
2017 11,247,829 31,324,637
2016 11,265,612 30,866,494
2015 11,275,065 30,457,600
2014 11,285,775 30,115,826
2013 11,298,167 29,817,919
2012 11,303,175 29,550,366
2011 11,301,571 29,304,086
2010 11,297,409 29,086,019
2009 11,294,719 28,896,811
2008 11,291,762 28,719,041
2007 11,287,272 28,530,699
2006 11,278,550 28,324,491
2005 11,262,554 28,101,180
2004 11,238,756 27,852,190
2003 11,209,383 27,580,490
2002 11,177,418 27,288,217
2001 11,144,132 26,964,601
2000 11,109,109 26,598,331
1999 11,072,230 26,186,504
1998 11,034,712 25,738,095
1997 10,997,934 25,274,147
1996 10,962,010 24,811,171
1995 10,925,362 24,348,919
1994 10,886,021 23,881,493
1993 10,841,031 23,413,783
1992 10,785,801 22,946,340
1991 10,717,640 22,483,775
1990 10,631,799 22,014,771
1989 10,533,243 21,532,589
1988 10,432,585 21,054,702
1987 10,335,342 20,582,320
1986 10,244,247 20,117,122
1985 10,157,228 19,648,204
1984 10,073,299 19,174,716
1983 9,991,026 18,705,957
1982 9,912,681 18,246,503
1981 9,849,320 17,798,805
1980 9,804,796 17,360,949
1979 9,763,355 16,933,139
1978 9,711,980 16,516,059
1977 9,648,440 16,109,806
1976 9,571,242 15,716,809
1975 9,479,726 15,333,957
1974 9,374,183 14,956,552
1973 9,255,328 14,582,867
1972 9,123,891 14,210,147
1971 8,979,085 13,838,067
1970 8,824,382 13,501,237
1969 8,666,640 13,166,767
1968 8,509,522 12,803,993
1967 8,352,625 12,448,814
1966 8,193,450 12,101,297
1965 8,030,797 11,761,085
1964 7,866,020 11,427,978
1963 7,701,660 11,102,099
1962 7,541,098 10,784,612
1961 7,387,117 10,475,123
1960 7,238,081 10,174,127

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/peru | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Cuba decreased by 12,938 people (a 0.11% decline), while Peru gained 2,542,003 people (a 8.97% growth).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Cuba lost 370,827 people (a 3.29% decline), while Peru's population increased by 4,165,102 people (a 13.5% growth).

Cuba was ranked 73rd most populous country in 2006 and is 90th in 2026. Peru was ranked 40th in 2006 and ranked 48th now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Cuba's population will shrink by 13.7% to 9,405,481 people with a rank change from 90th to 104th. The population of Peru will increase by 16.3% to 40,733,304 people and rank change from 48th to 51st.

Peru is projected to reach its peak in 2067 at 41.9M people, while Cuba's population already peaked in 2012 at 11.3M people and is projected to decrease to 5.6M people by 2100.

Population growth rate by year

Cuba
Factual

Projection
Peru
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Cuba Peru
2100 -1.07% -0.43%
2099 -1.07% -0.42%
2098 -1.07% -0.42%
2097 -1.07% -0.41%
2096 -1.08% -0.4%
2095 -1.07% -0.39%
2094 -1.08% -0.39%
2093 -1.08% -0.38%
2092 -1.08% -0.37%
2091 -1.08% -0.36%
2090 -1.09% -0.35%
2089 -1.09% -0.35%
2088 -1.09% -0.33%
2087 -1.09% -0.32%
2086 -1.09% -0.31%
2085 -1.08% -0.3%
2084 -1.07% -0.28%
2083 -1.07% -0.27%
2082 -1.05% -0.26%
2081 -1.05% -0.24%
2080 -1.03% -0.23%
2079 -1.02% -0.21%
2078 -1.02% -0.2%
2077 -1% -0.18%
2076 -1% -0.16%
2075 -1% -0.15%
2074 -0.99% -0.13%
2073 -0.99% -0.11%
2072 -0.99% -0.09%
2071 -1% -0.07%
2070 -1.01% -0.05%
2069 -1.01% -0.03%
2068 -1.02% -0.01%
2067 -1.03% 0.006%
2066 -1.04% 0.03%
2065 -1.04% 0.04%
2064 -1.05% 0.07%
2063 -1.05% 0.09%
2062 -1.05% 0.11%
2061 -1.05% 0.13%
2060 -1.04% 0.15%
2059 -1.03% 0.17%
2058 -1.02% 0.19%
2057 -1.01% 0.21%
2056 -0.99% 0.23%
2055 -0.98% 0.25%
2054 -0.95% 0.28%
2053 -0.93% 0.29%
2052 -0.9% 0.32%
2051 -0.88% 0.34%
2050 -0.85% 0.36%
2049 -0.83% 0.38%
2048 -0.81% 0.4%
2047 -0.78% 0.43%
2046 -0.76% 0.45%
2045 -0.73% 0.48%
2044 -0.72% 0.5%
2043 -0.69% 0.52%
2042 -0.67% 0.55%
2041 -0.64% 0.57%
2040 -0.62% 0.59%
2039 -0.6% 0.62%
2038 -0.59% 0.64%
2037 -0.56% 0.67%
2036 -0.55% 0.7%
2035 -0.53% 0.72%
2034 -0.52% 0.75%
2033 -0.5% 0.77%
2032 -0.48% 0.8%
2031 -0.47% 0.83%
2030 -0.46% 0.86%
2029 -0.44% 0.9%
2028 -0.43% 0.93%
2027 -0.42% 0.98%
2026 -0.4% 1.02%
2025 -0.38% 1.08%
2024 -0.36% 1.1%
2023 -0.36% 1.11%
2022 -0.56% 0.96%
2021 -0.48% 0.97%
2020 -0.24% 1.2%
2019 -0.22% 1.73%
2018 -0.18% 1.83%
2017 -0.16% 1.48%
2016 -0.08% 1.34%
2015 -0.09% 1.13%
2014 -0.11% 1%
2013 -0.04% 0.91%
2012 0.01% 0.84%
2011 0.04% 0.75%
2010 0.02% 0.65%
2009 0.03% 0.62%
2008 0.04% 0.66%
2007 0.08% 0.73%
2006 0.14% 0.79%
2005 0.21% 0.89%
2004 0.26% 0.99%
2003 0.29% 1.07%
2002 0.3% 1.2%
2001 0.32% 1.38%
2000 0.33% 1.57%
1999 0.34% 1.74%
1998 0.33% 1.84%
1997 0.33% 1.87%
1996 0.34% 1.9%
1995 0.36% 1.96%
1994 0.41% 2%
1993 0.51% 2.04%
1992 0.64% 2.06%
1991 0.81% 2.13%
1990 0.94% 2.24%
1989 0.96% 2.27%
1988 0.94% 2.3%
1987 0.89% 2.31%
1986 0.86% 2.39%
1985 0.83% 2.47%
1984 0.82% 2.51%
1983 0.79% 2.52%
1982 0.64% 2.52%
1981 0.45% 2.52%
1980 0.42% 2.53%
1979 0.53% 2.53%
1978 0.66% 2.52%
1977 0.81% 2.5%
1976 0.97% 2.5%
1975 1.13% 2.52%
1974 1.28% 2.56%
1973 1.44% 2.62%
1972 1.61% 2.69%
1971 1.75% 2.49%
1970 1.82% 2.54%
1969 1.85% 2.83%
1968 1.88% 2.85%
1967 1.94% 2.87%
1966 2.03% 2.89%
1965 2.09% 2.91%
1964 2.13% 2.94%
1963 2.13% 2.94%
1962 2.08% 2.95%
1961 2.06% 2.96%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/peru | CC BY

In 2024, the population of Cuba declined by 0.36%, while Peru's population grew by 1.1%.

Live population counters

Cuba Peru
Current population
10894785
35031596
Population rank 90/197 48/197
Percent of world population 0.13% 0.42%
One net population change
13.1 minutes
1.41 minutes
One birth every
5.48 minutes
58.4 seconds
One death every
4.7 minutes
2.83 minutes
Daily growth/decline -110 +1,020
Annual growth/decline -40,148 +372,231
Annual growth/decline rate -0.36% +1.1%
Population growth rate rank 182/197 95/197
One migration net change every
23.7 minutes
44.2 minutes
Annual migration change -22,244 +11,931
Net migration rank 153/196 41/196
Foreign-born residents 2,144 1,837,219
Foreign-born residents rank 193/195 39/195
Foreign-born share of population 0.12% 5.4%
Foreign-born share rank 191/195 90/195

Natural population change vs migration

Cuba
Natural

Migration
Peru
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Cuba Peru
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - -22,244 - 11,931
2024 - -22,356 - 18,406
2023 -15,880 -22,797 353,788 24,783
2022 -17,961 -23,149 327,859 33,982
2021 -71,616 -11,976 235,440 41,868
2020 -12,808 -11,976 301,950 55,375
2019 -4,245 -23,955 346,981 74,270
2018 3,436 -23,779 343,123 339,067
2017 2,306 -23,394 349,333 114,382
2016 9,677 -24,146 355,859 96,740
2015 20,464 -24,910 362,781 2,421
2014 22,448 -39,426 368,708 -50,383
2013 29,827 -37,619 372,694 -95,214
2012 33,864 -36,101 376,501 -118,863
2011 40,753 -35,313 383,268 -148,339
2010 37,021 -34,121 382,510 -181,302
2009 37,543 -35,063 396,522 -219,314
2008 32,848 -29,427 413,640 -235,307
2007 24,617 -19,050 435,122 -236,745
2006 24,508 -12,619 445,884 -231,851
2005 36,660 -16,561 454,199 -221,652
2004 44,258 -16,776 459,617 -194,171
2003 56,170 -24,916 459,243 -181,276
2002 58,212 -25,535 463,709 -157,158
2001 57,325 -23,442 470,154 -129,481
2000 61,133 -24,980 484,222 -92,353
1999 69,069 -31,456 487,095 -55,325
1998 71,284 -33,863 489,436 -24,388
1997 71,828 -35,712 495,348 -32,515
1996 61,837 -26,105 501,855 -38,749
1995 66,809 -29,235 507,894 -46,499
1994 68,604 -27,501 512,735 -39,299
1993 73,221 -24,358 513,769 -51,775
1992 83,461 -21,867 514,618 -41,702
1991 95,398 -20,665 513,867 -61,645
1990 112,378 -15,438 515,233 -29,437
1989 114,865 -14,705 512,152 -33,569
1988 116,626 -15,474 508,429 -31,238
1987 109,617 -16,290 502,229 -34,651
1986 105,997 -17,146 496,712 -33,891
1985 103,228 -18,048 488,887 -13,887
1984 101,670 -18,994 477,968 -6,007
1983 101,858 -19,994 469,781 -4,243
1982 95,866 -21,055 461,107 -7,748
1981 74,067 -22,159 453,158 -11,123
1980 74,271 -37,114 445,100 -11,446
1979 81,192 -35,473 439,110 -17,148
1978 86,864 -29,839 432,127 -19,939
1977 106,875 -36,811 425,428 -25,117
1976 125,383 -41,042 420,284 -34,602
1975 144,964 -46,268 414,400 -34,382
1974 165,099 -52,697 408,299 -33,493
1973 177,387 -52,073 400,752 -28,191
1972 187,588 -50,031 396,960 -24,100
1971 195,106 -43,056 391,506 -20,209
1970 201,823 -44,466 318,022 -15,653
1969 205,581 -47,446 379,347 -12,776
1968 205,487 -49,387 372,379 -13,389
1967 207,245 -49,556 365,224 -13,837
1966 209,179 -48,509 356,819 -13,166
1965 211,322 -46,683 349,245 -12,470
1964 209,315 -44,406 341,570 -12,129
1963 205,788 -41,979 332,352 -10,040
1962 196,423 -39,116 321,716 -9,051
1961 183,806 -33,163 313,385 -7,063
1960 172,816 -25,396 302,924 -7,236

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/peru | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 21.9% of the population change in Cuba is from natural causes (a loss of 64,179 people) and 78.1% is from migration (a loss of 229,508 people). In Peru 82% is from natural causes (a gain of 3,345,822 people) and 18% is from migration (a gain of 732,505 people).

As of 2024, 2,144 residents or 0.12% of the population were not native-born in Cuba, compared to 1,837,219 people or 5.4% in Peru.

Biggest cities by population

Cuba
City Population
Havana 2.49M
Santiago de Cuba 445K
Holguin 350K
Camaguey 322K
Santa Clara 247K
Bayamo 235K
Guantanamo 228K
Las Tunas 202K
Pinar del Rio 189K
Cienfuegos 165K
Peru
City Population
Lima 9.94M
Arequipa 1.01M
Trujillo 920K
Chiclayo 553K
Callao 537K
Piura 473K
Cusco 428K
Chimbote 395K
Huancayo 378K
Iquitos 378K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/peru | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  5. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)

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