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Population in Japan compared to Madagascar: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank team

The latest officially reported population of Japan was 123,975,371 in 2024 vs 31,964,956 people in Madagascar in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Japan's population is 122,677,250 people compared to 33,750,171 in Madagascar.

Population statistics:

  • Japan's population is 3.63 times bigger than Madagascar's.
  • Japan is ranked the 12th most populous country in the world, while Madagascar is the 49th.
  • The countries together account for 1.89% of the world: 1.48% for Japan vs 0.41% for Madagascar.
  • For the last 10 years, Japan has had an average growth rate of -0.25% per year vs +2.6% in Madagascar.
  • Since 2006, the population of Japan has decreased from 128M people to 123M (4.05% decline), while Madagascar has grown from 19.7M to 33.8M (71.1% growth).

Japan vs Madagascar: population by year and forecast

Japan
Factual

Projection
Madagascar
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Japan Madagascar
2100 76,978,998 86,197,674
2099 77,363,458 85,808,382
2098 77,742,445 85,404,097
2097 78,118,375 84,987,607
2096 78,498,614 84,559,113
2095 78,875,245 84,119,392
2094 79,250,325 83,665,834
2093 79,628,057 83,200,140
2092 80,007,967 82,723,075
2091 80,383,529 82,233,465
2090 80,760,724 81,734,626
2089 81,140,553 81,223,857
2088 81,521,696 80,700,261
2087 81,908,373 80,164,903
2086 82,304,497 79,619,760
2085 82,709,534 79,064,003
2084 83,123,058 78,499,094
2083 83,544,006 77,922,946
2082 83,980,325 77,337,305
2081 84,429,305 76,740,524
2080 84,899,768 76,133,028
2079 85,387,247 75,513,518
2078 85,897,934 74,881,435
2077 86,434,291 74,236,865
2076 86,993,007 73,582,256
2075 87,577,777 72,914,884
2074 88,190,392 72,235,202
2073 88,834,763 71,545,378
2072 89,499,356 70,843,401
2071 90,184,464 70,130,366
2070 90,899,136 69,409,326
2069 91,625,421 68,677,859
2068 92,367,969 67,936,195
2067 93,113,499 67,185,066
2066 93,869,240 66,425,210
2065 94,633,430 65,658,016
2064 95,391,433 64,881,253
2063 96,148,081 64,097,223
2062 96,902,907 63,305,402
2061 97,654,031 62,506,578
2060 98,400,894 61,701,267
2059 99,144,216 60,889,495
2058 99,868,968 60,073,702
2057 100,585,601 59,254,008
2056 101,295,868 58,428,653
2055 101,989,736 57,600,579
2054 102,683,462 56,769,869
2053 103,359,083 55,935,411
2052 104,036,901 55,097,962
2051 104,706,698 54,258,057
2050 105,377,283 53,415,029
2049 106,053,011 52,570,680
2048 106,731,207 51,725,320
2047 107,419,237 50,879,659
2046 108,115,358 50,033,785
2045 108,820,982 49,188,703
2044 109,529,333 48,344,009
2043 110,245,586 47,499,657
2042 110,968,174 46,656,643
2041 111,704,629 45,815,621
2040 112,438,759 44,976,152
2039 113,175,948 44,140,155
2038 113,915,783 43,305,683
2037 114,662,374 42,474,372
2036 115,410,956 41,645,556
2035 116,162,381 40,819,415
2034 116,911,001 39,997,842
2033 117,652,676 39,178,430
2032 118,393,188 38,361,932
2031 119,127,425 37,547,484
2030 119,856,131 36,737,238
2029 120,574,242 35,930,925
2028 121,287,543 35,128,136
2027 121,989,133 34,329,429
2026 122,677,250 33,535,391
2025 123,339,586 32,747,552
2024 123,975,371 31,964,956
2023 124,516,650 31,195,932
2022 125,124,989 30,437,261
2021 125,681,593 29,691,083
2020 126,261,000 28,953,556
2019 126,633,000 28,219,554
2018 126,811,000 27,494,926
2017 126,972,000 26,788,375
2016 127,076,000 26,099,952
2015 127,141,000 25,426,702
2014 127,276,000 24,764,348
2013 127,445,000 24,109,290
2012 127,629,000 23,462,438
2011 127,833,000 22,822,300
2010 128,070,000 22,183,340
2009 128,047,000 21,547,280
2008 128,063,000 20,923,840
2007 128,001,000 20,318,583
2006 127,854,000 19,730,909
2005 127,773,000 19,159,707
2004 127,761,000 18,606,608
2003 127,718,000 18,071,854
2002 127,445,000 17,549,913
2001 127,149,000 17,032,939
2000 126,843,000 16,516,338
1999 126,631,000 16,000,506
1998 126,400,000 15,489,364
1997 126,057,000 14,990,814
1996 125,757,000 14,510,711
1995 125,472,000 14,051,275
1994 125,178,000 13,613,850
1993 124,829,000 13,197,345
1992 124,425,000 12,800,870
1991 123,964,000 12,421,412
1990 123,478,000 12,055,639
1989 123,069,000 11,704,998
1988 122,578,000 11,369,462
1987 122,069,000 11,047,291
1986 121,482,000 10,736,857
1985 120,837,000 10,433,142
1984 120,083,000 10,134,550
1983 119,307,000 9,843,044
1982 118,480,000 9,557,671
1981 117,661,000 9,279,011
1980 116,807,000 9,006,032
1979 115,890,000 8,737,581
1978 114,913,000 8,475,864
1977 113,872,000 8,222,240
1976 112,775,000 7,976,831
1975 111,573,000 7,739,336
1974 110,162,000 7,509,726
1973 108,707,000 7,288,048
1972 107,188,000 7,074,398
1971 105,697,000 6,868,868
1970 103,403,000 6,672,003
1969 102,219,000 6,484,716
1968 101,011,000 6,306,493
1967 99,879,000 6,136,486
1966 98,851,000 5,974,279
1965 97,952,000 5,819,116
1964 96,903,000 5,669,863
1963 95,900,000 5,525,185
1962 94,933,000 5,384,150
1961 94,055,000 5,246,158
1960 93,216,000 5,111,029

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/japan/madagascar | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Japan decreased by 778,000 people (a 0.61% decline), while Madagascar gained 6,369,043 people (a 32.3% growth).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Japan lost 4,398,750 people (a 3.46% decline), while Madagascar's population increased by 7,650,219 people (a 29.3% growth).

Japan was ranked 10th most populous country in 2006 and is 12th in 2026. Madagascar was ranked 57th in 2006 and ranked 49th now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Japan's population will shrink by 14.1% to 105,377,283 people with a rank change from 12th to 17th. The population of Madagascar will increase by 58.3% to 53,415,029 people and rank change from 49th to 37th.

Madagascar is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 86.2M people, while Japan's population already peaked in 2010 at 128M people and is projected to decrease to 77M people by 2100.

Population growth rate by year

Japan
Factual

Projection
Madagascar
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Japan Madagascar
2100 -0.5% 0.45%
2099 -0.49% 0.47%
2098 -0.48% 0.49%
2097 -0.48% 0.51%
2096 -0.48% 0.52%
2095 -0.47% 0.54%
2094 -0.47% 0.56%
2093 -0.47% 0.58%
2092 -0.47% 0.6%
2091 -0.47% 0.61%
2090 -0.47% 0.63%
2089 -0.47% 0.65%
2088 -0.47% 0.67%
2087 -0.48% 0.68%
2086 -0.49% 0.7%
2085 -0.5% 0.72%
2084 -0.5% 0.74%
2083 -0.52% 0.76%
2082 -0.53% 0.78%
2081 -0.55% 0.8%
2080 -0.57% 0.82%
2079 -0.59% 0.84%
2078 -0.62% 0.87%
2077 -0.64% 0.89%
2076 -0.67% 0.92%
2075 -0.69% 0.94%
2074 -0.73% 0.96%
2073 -0.74% 0.99%
2072 -0.76% 1.02%
2071 -0.79% 1.04%
2070 -0.79% 1.07%
2069 -0.8% 1.09%
2068 -0.8% 1.12%
2067 -0.81% 1.14%
2066 -0.81% 1.17%
2065 -0.79% 1.2%
2064 -0.79% 1.22%
2063 -0.78% 1.25%
2062 -0.77% 1.28%
2061 -0.76% 1.31%
2060 -0.75% 1.33%
2059 -0.73% 1.36%
2058 -0.71% 1.38%
2057 -0.7% 1.41%
2056 -0.68% 1.44%
2055 -0.68% 1.46%
2054 -0.65% 1.49%
2053 -0.65% 1.52%
2052 -0.64% 1.55%
2051 -0.64% 1.58%
2050 -0.64% 1.61%
2049 -0.64% 1.63%
2048 -0.64% 1.66%
2047 -0.64% 1.69%
2046 -0.65% 1.72%
2045 -0.65% 1.75%
2044 -0.65% 1.78%
2043 -0.65% 1.81%
2042 -0.66% 1.84%
2041 -0.65% 1.87%
2040 -0.65% 1.89%
2039 -0.65% 1.93%
2038 -0.65% 1.96%
2037 -0.65% 1.99%
2036 -0.65% 2.02%
2035 -0.64% 2.05%
2034 -0.63% 2.09%
2033 -0.63% 2.13%
2032 -0.62% 2.17%
2031 -0.61% 2.21%
2030 -0.6% 2.24%
2029 -0.59% 2.29%
2028 -0.58% 2.33%
2027 -0.56% 2.37%
2026 -0.54% 2.41%
2025 -0.51% 2.45%
2024 -0.43% 2.47%
2023 -0.49% 2.49%
2022 -0.44% 2.51%
2021 -0.46% 2.55%
2020 -0.29% 2.6%
2019 -0.14% 2.64%
2018 -0.13% 2.64%
2017 -0.08% 2.64%
2016 -0.05% 2.65%
2015 -0.11% 2.67%
2014 -0.13% 2.72%
2013 -0.14% 2.76%
2012 -0.16% 2.8%
2011 -0.19% 2.88%
2010 0.02% 2.95%
2009 -0.01% 2.98%
2008 0.05% 2.98%
2007 0.11% 2.98%
2006 0.06% 2.98%
2005 0.009% 2.97%
2004 0.03% 2.96%
2003 0.21% 2.97%
2002 0.23% 3.04%
2001 0.24% 3.13%
2000 0.17% 3.22%
1999 0.18% 3.3%
1998 0.27% 3.33%
1997 0.24% 3.31%
1996 0.23% 3.27%
1995 0.23% 3.21%
1994 0.28% 3.16%
1993 0.32% 3.1%
1992 0.37% 3.05%
1991 0.39% 3.03%
1990 0.33% 3%
1989 0.4% 2.95%
1988 0.42% 2.92%
1987 0.48% 2.89%
1986 0.53% 2.91%
1985 0.63% 2.95%
1984 0.65% 2.96%
1983 0.7% 2.99%
1982 0.7% 3%
1981 0.73% 3.03%
1980 0.79% 3.07%
1979 0.85% 3.09%
1978 0.91% 3.08%
1977 0.97% 3.08%
1976 1.08% 3.07%
1975 1.28% 3.06%
1974 1.34% 3.04%
1973 1.42% 3.02%
1972 1.41% 2.99%
1971 2.22% 2.95%
1970 1.16% 2.89%
1969 1.2% 2.83%
1968 1.13% 2.77%
1967 1.04% 2.72%
1966 0.92% 2.67%
1965 1.08% 2.63%
1964 1.05% 2.62%
1963 1.02% 2.62%
1962 0.93% 2.63%
1961 0.9% 2.64%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/japan/madagascar | CC BY

In 2024, the population of Japan declined by 0.43%, while Madagascar's population grew by 2.47%.

Live population counters

Japan Madagascar
Current population
122677250
33750171
Population rank 12/197 49/197
Percent of world population 1.48% 0.41%
One net population change
58.3 seconds
41 seconds
One birth every
42.2 seconds
31.5 seconds
One death every
19.5 seconds
2.24 minutes
Daily growth/decline -1,483 +2,107
Annual growth/decline -541,279 +769,024
Annual growth/decline rate -0.43% +2.47%
Population growth rate rank 185/197 29/197
One migration net change every
3.75 minutes
3.94 hours
Annual migration change +140,579 -2,227
Net migration rank 10/196 100/196
Foreign-born residents 3,409,529 38,625
Foreign-born residents rank 19/195 158/195
Foreign-born share of population 2.8% 0.1%
Foreign-born share rank 120/195 193/195

Natural population change vs migration

Japan
Natural

Migration
Madagascar
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Japan Madagascar
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - 140,579 - -2,227
2024 - 153,357 - -1,795
2023 -871,617 175,003 766,391 -1,487
2022 -825,825 175,003 753,931 -1,487
2021 -640,976 -34,996 741,416 -1,480
2020 -542,923 42,001 736,607 -1,480
2019 -531,858 318,190 735,853 -2,976
2018 -456,520 320,601 719,267 -2,887
2017 -406,310 322,564 699,498 -2,784
2016 -343,106 314,732 682,801 -2,687
2015 -292,424 168,896 668,977 -2,594
2014 -267,279 58,109 660,837 -2,522
2013 -242,146 66,449 654,230 -2,445
2012 -229,733 67,904 644,255 -2,334
2011 -204,533 97,720 640,577 -2,219
2010 -128,070 131,860 641,543 -1,979
2009 -76,828 125,450 634,008 -1,429
2008 -51,225 142,605 615,580 -1,255
2007 -25,600 138,024 597,772 -1,563
2006 12,785 130,065 581,489 -2,336
2005 -25,554 113,017 568,143 -4,869
2004 76,656 69,014 556,319 -13,393
2003 114,946 74,875 544,903 -18,345
2002 178,423 60,864 535,518 -18,209
2001 203,438 59,563 529,656 -13,014
2000 228,317 23,468 520,860 -4,298
1999 202,610 56,901 516,976 -1,891
1998 265,440 45,912 508,408 -1,222
1997 277,325 43,366 490,905 -986
1996 314,392 25,030 471,453 -1,161
1995 276,039 87,714 450,259 -1,670
1994 363,017 154,214 428,169 -1,905
1993 312,073 168,836 408,801 -2,063
1992 360,833 170,878 388,430 -2,216
1991 396,685 161,331 375,040 -2,330
1990 407,478 124,582 360,621 -1,777
1989 467,662 31,202 344,279 -1,848
1988 527,085 51,154 330,510 -1,883
1987 598,138 28,001 317,621 -1,896
1986 631,706 27,987 307,074 -1,914
1985 676,687 -141,323 304,199 -1,947
1984 756,523 -273,686 296,892 -1,965
1983 775,495 -269,755 290,085 -1,979
1982 805,664 -288,550 284,733 -2,093
1981 811,861 -278,525 277,535 -2,864
1980 864,372 -92,314 275,287 -4,005
1979 950,298 -57,692 270,752 -5,126
1978 1,011,234 -47,996 263,684 -5,874
1977 1,070,397 -49,082 255,399 -5,957
1976 1,127,750 -34,976 247,026 -5,655
1975 1,204,989 107 238,774 -5,173
1974 1,332,960 -10,145 230,233 -4,607
1973 1,391,449 -34,674 221,768 -4,037
1972 1,372,006 -73,980 213,138 -3,583
1971 1,331,782 -107,778 204,617 -3,118
1970 1,230,496 33,731 194,889 -2,658
1969 1,195,962 49,447 184,562 -2,216
1968 1,191,930 43,593 175,869 -1,766
1967 1,258,475 29,632 167,287 -1,383
1966 682,072 68,934 159,483 -964
1965 1,126,448 -50,667 152,362 -550
1964 1,046,553 -100,696 146,894 -204
1963 987,770 -100,742 142,666 0
1962 901,864 -57,075 139,412 0
1961 893,522 -58,882 136,578 0
1960 894,874 -150,371 133,684 0

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/japan/madagascar | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 73.6% of the population change in Japan is from natural causes (a loss of 5,178,838 people) and 26.4% is from migration (a gain of 1,860,103 people). In Madagascar 99.7% is from natural causes (a gain of 7,165,578 people) and 0.31% is from migration (a loss of 22,384 people).

As of 2024, 3,409,529 residents or 2.8% of the population were not native-born in Japan, compared to 38,625 people or 0.1% in Madagascar.

Biggest cities by population

Japan
City Population
Tokyo 14.3M
Yokohama 3.76M
Osaka 2.75M
Nagoya 2.33M
Sapporo 1.96M
Fukuoka 1.6M
Kawasaki 1.54M
Kobe 1.52M
Kyoto 1.46M
Saitama 1.33M
Madagascar
City Population
Antananarivo 1.28M
Antsirabe 265K
Toamasina 225K
Toliara 169K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/population/japan/madagascar | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  5. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)

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