The latest officially reported population of Djibouti was 1,184,076 in 2025 vs 32,740,678 people in Madagascar in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Djibouti's population is 1,207,325 people compared to 33,936,132 in Madagascar.
Population statistics:
- Madagascar's population is 28.1 times bigger than Djibouti's.
- Djibouti is ranked the 158th most populous country in the world, while Madagascar is the 49th.
- The countries together account for 0.42% of the world: 0.01% for Djibouti vs 0.41% for Madagascar.
- For the last 10 years, Djibouti has had an average growth rate of +1.52% per year vs +2.57% in Madagascar.
- Since 2006, the population of Djibouti has increased from 856K people to 1.21M (41.1% growth), while Madagascar has grown from 19.7M to 33.9M (72% growth).
Djibouti vs Madagascar: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Djibouti
|
Madagascar
|
|
| 2100 | 1,852,930 | 86,179,580 |
| 2099 | 1,851,160 | 85,790,370 |
| 2098 | 1,848,386 | 85,386,169 |
| 2097 | 1,844,324 | 84,969,767 |
| 2096 | 1,842,788 | 84,541,363 |
| 2095 | 1,840,587 | 84,101,733 |
| 2094 | 1,838,911 | 83,648,271 |
| 2093 | 1,833,929 | 83,182,675 |
| 2092 | 1,831,754 | 82,705,710 |
| 2091 | 1,829,844 | 82,216,203 |
| 2090 | 1,827,197 | 81,717,468 |
| 2089 | 1,823,725 | 81,206,806 |
| 2088 | 1,819,072 | 80,683,320 |
| 2087 | 1,814,909 | 80,148,075 |
| 2086 | 1,811,313 | 79,603,046 |
| 2085 | 1,806,038 | 79,047,406 |
| 2084 | 1,801,459 | 78,482,616 |
| 2083 | 1,797,744 | 77,906,589 |
| 2082 | 1,792,869 | 77,321,070 |
| 2081 | 1,789,329 | 76,724,415 |
| 2080 | 1,786,557 | 76,117,046 |
| 2079 | 1,781,603 | 75,497,666 |
| 2078 | 1,777,502 | 74,865,716 |
| 2077 | 1,772,595 | 74,221,281 |
| 2076 | 1,766,589 | 73,566,810 |
| 2075 | 1,760,341 | 72,899,578 |
| 2074 | 1,753,021 | 72,220,039 |
| 2073 | 1,747,389 | 71,530,359 |
| 2072 | 1,742,543 | 70,828,530 |
| 2071 | 1,736,109 | 70,115,645 |
| 2070 | 1,729,672 | 69,394,756 |
| 2069 | 1,723,651 | 68,663,443 |
| 2068 | 1,715,937 | 67,921,934 |
| 2067 | 1,707,839 | 67,170,963 |
| 2066 | 1,698,162 | 66,411,266 |
| 2065 | 1,689,223 | 65,644,233 |
| 2064 | 1,682,510 | 64,867,634 |
| 2063 | 1,675,555 | 64,083,768 |
| 2062 | 1,666,158 | 63,292,113 |
| 2061 | 1,656,732 | 62,493,456 |
| 2060 | 1,647,366 | 61,688,314 |
| 2059 | 1,636,828 | 60,876,714 |
| 2058 | 1,625,784 | 60,061,091 |
| 2057 | 1,612,585 | 59,241,569 |
| 2056 | 1,600,264 | 58,416,388 |
| 2055 | 1,591,009 | 57,588,488 |
| 2054 | 1,579,855 | 56,757,952 |
| 2053 | 1,566,721 | 55,923,669 |
| 2052 | 1,555,435 | 55,086,396 |
| 2051 | 1,545,572 | 54,246,667 |
| 2050 | 1,535,029 | 53,403,817 |
| 2049 | 1,523,806 | 52,559,645 |
| 2048 | 1,513,191 | 51,714,462 |
| 2047 | 1,501,998 | 50,868,979 |
| 2046 | 1,489,883 | 50,023,282 |
| 2045 | 1,477,001 | 49,178,377 |
| 2044 | 1,464,918 | 48,333,861 |
| 2043 | 1,452,698 | 47,489,686 |
| 2042 | 1,438,500 | 46,646,849 |
| 2041 | 1,423,219 | 45,806,003 |
| 2040 | 1,407,993 | 44,966,710 |
| 2039 | 1,393,496 | 44,130,890 |
| 2038 | 1,379,643 | 43,296,592 |
| 2037 | 1,364,706 | 42,465,456 |
| 2036 | 1,351,216 | 41,636,814 |
| 2035 | 1,336,815 | 40,810,847 |
| 2034 | 1,323,265 | 39,989,445 |
| 2033 | 1,309,014 | 39,170,206 |
| 2032 | 1,294,377 | 38,353,879 |
| 2031 | 1,278,594 | 37,539,603 |
| 2030 | 1,262,869 | 36,729,526 |
| 2029 | 1,246,372 | 35,923,382 |
| 2028 | 1,230,494 | 35,120,762 |
| 2027 | 1,215,038 | 34,322,223 |
| 2026 | 1,199,180 | 33,528,352 |
| 2025 | 1,184,076 | 32,740,678 |
| 2024 | 1,168,722 | 31,964,956 |
| 2023 | 1,152,944 | 31,195,932 |
| 2022 | 1,137,096 | 30,437,261 |
| 2021 | 1,121,248 | 29,691,083 |
| 2020 | 1,105,188 | 28,953,556 |
| 2019 | 1,088,709 | 28,219,554 |
| 2018 | 1,071,882 | 27,494,926 |
| 2017 | 1,054,841 | 26,788,375 |
| 2016 | 1,037,653 | 26,099,952 |
| 2015 | 1,020,313 | 25,426,702 |
| 2014 | 1,002,717 | 24,764,348 |
| 2013 | 984,824 | 24,109,290 |
| 2012 | 966,747 | 23,462,438 |
| 2011 | 948,558 | 22,822,300 |
| 2010 | 930,251 | 22,183,340 |
| 2009 | 911,527 | 21,547,280 |
| 2008 | 892,734 | 20,923,840 |
| 2007 | 874,528 | 20,318,583 |
| 2006 | 855,764 | 19,730,909 |
| 2005 | 839,167 | 19,159,707 |
| 2004 | 826,124 | 18,606,608 |
| 2003 | 813,519 | 18,071,854 |
| 2002 | 795,574 | 17,549,913 |
| 2001 | 771,313 | 17,032,939 |
| 2000 | 747,318 | 16,516,338 |
| 1999 | 724,218 | 16,000,506 |
| 1998 | 699,352 | 15,489,364 |
| 1997 | 671,817 | 14,990,814 |
| 1996 | 648,348 | 14,510,711 |
| 1995 | 633,074 | 14,051,275 |
| 1994 | 626,710 | 13,613,850 |
| 1993 | 614,245 | 13,197,345 |
| 1992 | 626,010 | 12,800,870 |
| 1991 | 631,092 | 12,421,412 |
| 1990 | 579,538 | 12,055,639 |
| 1989 | 523,355 | 11,704,998 |
| 1988 | 484,523 | 11,369,462 |
| 1987 | 454,399 | 11,047,291 |
| 1986 | 426,341 | 10,736,857 |
| 1985 | 402,687 | 10,433,142 |
| 1984 | 384,053 | 10,134,550 |
| 1983 | 369,553 | 9,843,044 |
| 1982 | 356,880 | 9,557,671 |
| 1981 | 343,047 | 9,279,011 |
| 1980 | 325,815 | 9,006,032 |
| 1979 | 304,513 | 8,737,581 |
| 1978 | 280,031 | 8,475,864 |
| 1977 | 254,613 | 8,222,240 |
| 1976 | 230,737 | 7,976,831 |
| 1975 | 209,908 | 7,739,336 |
| 1974 | 192,613 | 7,509,726 |
| 1973 | 178,449 | 7,288,048 |
| 1972 | 166,256 | 7,074,398 |
| 1971 | 155,136 | 6,868,868 |
| 1970 | 145,175 | 6,672,003 |
| 1969 | 136,078 | 6,484,716 |
| 1968 | 128,250 | 6,306,493 |
| 1967 | 121,649 | 6,136,486 |
| 1966 | 115,269 | 5,974,279 |
| 1965 | 109,092 | 5,819,116 |
| 1964 | 103,198 | 5,669,863 |
| 1963 | 97,872 | 5,525,185 |
| 1962 | 93,283 | 5,384,150 |
| 1961 | 89,390 | 5,246,158 |
| 1960 | 86,024 | 5,111,029 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/djibouti/madagascar | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Djibouti increased by 181,889 people (a 21.3% growth), while Madagascar gained 6,369,043 people (a 32.3% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Djibouti gained 169,672 people (a 16.4% growth), while Madagascar's population increased by 7,836,180 people (a 30% growth).
Djibouti was ranked 159th most populous country in 2006 and is 158th in 2026. Madagascar was ranked 57th in 2006 and ranked 49th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Djibouti's population will grow by 27.1% to 1,535,029 people with a rank change from 158th to 151st. The population of Madagascar will increase by 57.4% to 53,403,817 people and rank change from 49th to 37th.
Djibouti is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 1.85M people compared to the peak of 86.2M people in 2100 for Madagascar.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Djibouti
|
Madagascar
|
|
| 2100 | 0.1% | 0.45% |
| 2099 | 0.15% | 0.47% |
| 2098 | 0.22% | 0.49% |
| 2097 | 0.08% | 0.51% |
| 2096 | 0.12% | 0.52% |
| 2095 | 0.09% | 0.54% |
| 2094 | 0.27% | 0.56% |
| 2093 | 0.12% | 0.58% |
| 2092 | 0.1% | 0.6% |
| 2091 | 0.14% | 0.61% |
| 2090 | 0.19% | 0.63% |
| 2089 | 0.26% | 0.65% |
| 2088 | 0.23% | 0.67% |
| 2087 | 0.2% | 0.68% |
| 2086 | 0.29% | 0.7% |
| 2085 | 0.25% | 0.72% |
| 2084 | 0.21% | 0.74% |
| 2083 | 0.27% | 0.76% |
| 2082 | 0.2% | 0.78% |
| 2081 | 0.16% | 0.8% |
| 2080 | 0.28% | 0.82% |
| 2079 | 0.23% | 0.84% |
| 2078 | 0.28% | 0.87% |
| 2077 | 0.34% | 0.89% |
| 2076 | 0.35% | 0.92% |
| 2075 | 0.42% | 0.94% |
| 2074 | 0.32% | 0.96% |
| 2073 | 0.28% | 0.99% |
| 2072 | 0.37% | 1.02% |
| 2071 | 0.37% | 1.04% |
| 2070 | 0.35% | 1.07% |
| 2069 | 0.45% | 1.09% |
| 2068 | 0.47% | 1.12% |
| 2067 | 0.57% | 1.14% |
| 2066 | 0.53% | 1.17% |
| 2065 | 0.4% | 1.2% |
| 2064 | 0.42% | 1.22% |
| 2063 | 0.56% | 1.25% |
| 2062 | 0.57% | 1.28% |
| 2061 | 0.57% | 1.31% |
| 2060 | 0.64% | 1.33% |
| 2059 | 0.68% | 1.36% |
| 2058 | 0.82% | 1.38% |
| 2057 | 0.77% | 1.41% |
| 2056 | 0.58% | 1.44% |
| 2055 | 0.71% | 1.46% |
| 2054 | 0.84% | 1.49% |
| 2053 | 0.73% | 1.52% |
| 2052 | 0.64% | 1.55% |
| 2051 | 0.69% | 1.58% |
| 2050 | 0.74% | 1.61% |
| 2049 | 0.7% | 1.63% |
| 2048 | 0.75% | 1.66% |
| 2047 | 0.81% | 1.69% |
| 2046 | 0.87% | 1.72% |
| 2045 | 0.82% | 1.75% |
| 2044 | 0.84% | 1.78% |
| 2043 | 0.99% | 1.81% |
| 2042 | 1.07% | 1.84% |
| 2041 | 1.08% | 1.87% |
| 2040 | 1.04% | 1.89% |
| 2039 | 1% | 1.93% |
| 2038 | 1.09% | 1.96% |
| 2037 | 1% | 1.99% |
| 2036 | 1.08% | 2.02% |
| 2035 | 1.02% | 2.05% |
| 2034 | 1.09% | 2.09% |
| 2033 | 1.13% | 2.13% |
| 2032 | 1.23% | 2.17% |
| 2031 | 1.25% | 2.21% |
| 2030 | 1.32% | 2.24% |
| 2029 | 1.29% | 2.29% |
| 2028 | 1.27% | 2.33% |
| 2027 | 1.32% | 2.37% |
| 2026 | 1.28% | 2.41% |
| 2025 | 1.31% | 2.43% |
| 2024 | 1.37% | 2.47% |
| 2023 | 1.39% | 2.49% |
| 2022 | 1.41% | 2.51% |
| 2021 | 1.45% | 2.55% |
| 2020 | 1.51% | 2.6% |
| 2019 | 1.57% | 2.64% |
| 2018 | 1.62% | 2.64% |
| 2017 | 1.66% | 2.64% |
| 2016 | 1.7% | 2.65% |
| 2015 | 1.75% | 2.67% |
| 2014 | 1.82% | 2.72% |
| 2013 | 1.87% | 2.76% |
| 2012 | 1.92% | 2.8% |
| 2011 | 1.97% | 2.88% |
| 2010 | 2.05% | 2.95% |
| 2009 | 2.11% | 2.98% |
| 2008 | 2.08% | 2.98% |
| 2007 | 2.19% | 2.98% |
| 2006 | 1.98% | 2.98% |
| 2005 | 1.58% | 2.97% |
| 2004 | 1.55% | 2.96% |
| 2003 | 2.26% | 2.97% |
| 2002 | 3.15% | 3.04% |
| 2001 | 3.21% | 3.13% |
| 2000 | 3.19% | 3.22% |
| 1999 | 3.56% | 3.3% |
| 1998 | 4.1% | 3.33% |
| 1997 | 3.62% | 3.31% |
| 1996 | 2.41% | 3.27% |
| 1995 | 1.02% | 3.21% |
| 1994 | 2.03% | 3.16% |
| 1993 | -1.88% | 3.1% |
| 1992 | -0.81% | 3.05% |
| 1991 | 8.9% | 3.03% |
| 1990 | 10.7% | 3% |
| 1989 | 8.01% | 2.95% |
| 1988 | 6.63% | 2.92% |
| 1987 | 6.58% | 2.89% |
| 1986 | 5.87% | 2.91% |
| 1985 | 4.85% | 2.95% |
| 1984 | 3.92% | 2.96% |
| 1983 | 3.55% | 2.99% |
| 1982 | 4.03% | 3% |
| 1981 | 5.29% | 3.03% |
| 1980 | 7% | 3.07% |
| 1979 | 8.74% | 3.09% |
| 1978 | 9.98% | 3.08% |
| 1977 | 10.3% | 3.08% |
| 1976 | 9.92% | 3.07% |
| 1975 | 8.98% | 3.06% |
| 1974 | 7.94% | 3.04% |
| 1973 | 7.33% | 3.02% |
| 1972 | 7.17% | 2.99% |
| 1971 | 6.86% | 2.95% |
| 1970 | 6.69% | 2.89% |
| 1969 | 6.1% | 2.83% |
| 1968 | 5.43% | 2.77% |
| 1967 | 5.53% | 2.72% |
| 1966 | 5.66% | 2.67% |
| 1965 | 5.71% | 2.63% |
| 1964 | 5.44% | 2.62% |
| 1963 | 4.92% | 2.62% |
| 1962 | 4.36% | 2.63% |
| 1961 | 3.91% | 2.64% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/djibouti/madagascar | CC BY
In 2025, the population of Djibouti grew by 1.31%, while Madagascar's population grew by 2.43%.
Live population counters
|
Djibouti
|
Madagascar
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
1207325
|
33936132
|
| Population rank | 158/197 | 49/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.01% | 0.41% |
| One net population change |
34.3 minutes
|
40.8 seconds
|
| One birth every |
21.5 minutes
|
31.1 seconds
|
| One death every |
1 hour
|
2.2 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +42 | +2,125 |
| Annual growth/decline | +15,354 | +775,722 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +1.31% | +2.43% |
| Population growth rate rank | 79/197 | 28/197 |
| One migration net change every |
15.1 hours
|
3.94 hours
|
| Annual migration change | -581 | -2,227 |
| Net migration rank | 89/196 | 100/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 125,996 | 38,625 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 123/195 | 158/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 10.8% | 0.1% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 60/195 | 193/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Djibouti
|
Madagascar
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -581 | - | -2,227 |
| 2024 | 15,712 | -11 | 774,926 | -1,795 |
| 2023 | 15,349 | 500 | 766,391 | -1,487 |
| 2022 | 15,337 | 500 | 753,931 | -1,487 |
| 2021 | 14,555 | 1,300 | 741,416 | -1,480 |
| 2020 | 14,970 | 1,300 | 736,607 | -1,480 |
| 2019 | 15,368 | 1,322 | 735,853 | -2,976 |
| 2018 | 15,524 | 1,435 | 719,267 | -2,887 |
| 2017 | 15,593 | 1,535 | 699,498 | -2,784 |
| 2016 | 15,621 | 1,623 | 682,801 | -2,687 |
| 2015 | 15,718 | 1,723 | 668,977 | -2,594 |
| 2014 | 15,857 | 1,900 | 660,837 | -2,522 |
| 2013 | 15,986 | 2,033 | 654,230 | -2,445 |
| 2012 | 16,026 | 2,104 | 644,255 | -2,334 |
| 2011 | 16,169 | 2,090 | 640,577 | -2,219 |
| 2010 | 16,225 | 2,129 | 641,543 | -1,979 |
| 2009 | 16,323 | 2,770 | 634,008 | -1,429 |
| 2008 | 16,356 | 2,148 | 615,580 | -1,255 |
| 2007 | 16,647 | 1,253 | 597,772 | -1,563 |
| 2006 | 16,901 | 2,719 | 581,489 | -2,336 |
| 2005 | 17,361 | -3,779 | 568,143 | -4,869 |
| 2004 | 17,756 | -5,249 | 556,319 | -13,393 |
| 2003 | 18,341 | -5,636 | 544,903 | -18,345 |
| 2002 | 18,167 | 5,022 | 535,518 | -18,209 |
| 2001 | 17,710 | 7,629 | 529,656 | -13,014 |
| 2000 | 17,014 | 5,632 | 520,860 | -4,298 |
| 1999 | 16,491 | 7,046 | 516,976 | -1,891 |
| 1998 | 15,845 | 10,352 | 508,408 | -1,222 |
| 1997 | 15,255 | 13,625 | 490,905 | -986 |
| 1996 | 15,408 | 2,652 | 471,453 | -1,161 |
| 1995 | 15,651 | -3,163 | 450,259 | -1,670 |
| 1994 | 15,989 | -15,756 | 428,169 | -1,905 |
| 1993 | 15,805 | 8,896 | 408,801 | -2,063 |
| 1992 | 16,971 | -65,203 | 388,430 | -2,216 |
| 1991 | 16,553 | 21,510 | 375,040 | -2,330 |
| 1990 | 15,074 | 49,970 | 360,621 | -1,777 |
| 1989 | 13,851 | 33,465 | 344,279 | -1,848 |
| 1988 | 13,107 | 17,242 | 330,510 | -1,883 |
| 1987 | 12,357 | 17,545 | 317,621 | -1,896 |
| 1986 | 11,671 | 14,543 | 307,074 | -1,914 |
| 1985 | 11,106 | 9,997 | 304,199 | -1,947 |
| 1984 | 10,713 | 5,452 | 296,892 | -1,965 |
| 1983 | 10,391 | 2,441 | 290,085 | -1,979 |
| 1982 | 10,058 | 2,450 | 284,733 | -2,093 |
| 1981 | 9,654 | 5,502 | 277,535 | -2,864 |
| 1980 | 9,187 | 10,121 | 275,287 | -4,005 |
| 1979 | 8,573 | 14,726 | 270,752 | -5,126 |
| 1978 | 7,886 | 17,788 | 263,684 | -5,874 |
| 1977 | 7,195 | 17,961 | 255,399 | -5,957 |
| 1976 | 6,567 | 16,028 | 247,026 | -5,655 |
| 1975 | 6,034 | 13,029 | 238,774 | -5,173 |
| 1974 | 5,601 | 9,910 | 230,233 | -4,607 |
| 1973 | 5,234 | 7,583 | 221,768 | -4,037 |
| 1972 | 4,885 | 6,690 | 213,138 | -3,583 |
| 1971 | 4,484 | 6,184 | 204,617 | -3,118 |
| 1970 | 4,249 | 5,004 | 194,889 | -2,658 |
| 1969 | 3,950 | 4,995 | 184,562 | -2,216 |
| 1968 | 3,712 | 3,001 | 175,869 | -1,766 |
| 1967 | 3,484 | 3,001 | 167,287 | -1,383 |
| 1966 | 3,268 | 3,014 | 159,483 | -964 |
| 1965 | 3,054 | 3,023 | 152,362 | -550 |
| 1964 | 2,864 | 2,846 | 146,894 | -204 |
| 1963 | 2,687 | 2,257 | 142,666 | 0 |
| 1962 | 2,538 | 1,695 | 139,412 | 0 |
| 1961 | 2,412 | 1,136 | 136,578 | 0 |
| 1960 | 2,299 | 886 | 133,684 | 0 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/djibouti/madagascar | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 93.2% of the population change in Djibouti is from natural causes (a gain of 153,747 people) and 6.81% is from migration (a gain of 11,227 people). In Madagascar 99.7% is from natural causes (a gain of 7,279,667 people) and 0.3% is from migration (a loss of 21,657 people).
As of 2024, 125,996 residents or 10.8% of the population were not native-born in Djibouti, compared to 38,625 people or 0.1% in Madagascar.
Biggest cities by population
|
Djibouti
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Djibouti | 604K |
| Ali Sabieh | 71.2K |
| Dikhil | 35K |
| Obock | 21.2K |
|
Madagascar
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Antananarivo | 1.28M |
| Antsirabe | 265K |
| Toamasina | 225K |
| Toliara | 169K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Djibouti and Madagascar
|
Djibouti
|
Madagascar
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 66.6 years | 64.3 years |
| Average age | 29 years | 24.3 years |
| Median age | 26 years | 20.2 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 49.6:50.4 | 50.2:49.8 |
| Fertility rate | 2.62 births per woman | 3.91 births per woman |
| Population density | 134 ppl/mi² | 149.3 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/djibouti/madagascar | CC BY
Help us show the world through your eyes
Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.
Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.