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Population in Cuba compared to Spain: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank team

The latest officially reported population of Cuba was 10,979,783 in 2024 vs 48,848,840 people in Spain in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Cuba's population is 10,894,785 people compared to 48,806,901 in Spain.

Population statistics:

  • Spain's population is 4.48 times bigger than Cuba's.
  • Cuba is ranked the 90th most populous country in the world, while Spain is the 32nd.
  • The countries together account for 0.72% of the world: 0.13% for Cuba vs 0.59% for Spain.
  • For the last 10 years, Cuba has had an average growth rate of -0.26% per year vs +0.43% in Spain.
  • Since 2006, the population of Cuba has decreased from 11.3M people to 10.9M (3.4% decline), while Spain has grown from 44.4M to 48.8M (9.93% growth).

Cuba vs Spain: population by year and forecast

Cuba
Factual

Projection
Spain
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Cuba Spain
2100 5,596,718 33,862,981
2099 5,657,375 34,039,965
2098 5,718,645 34,215,187
2097 5,780,569 34,387,116
2096 5,843,224 34,552,002
2095 5,906,751 34,719,411
2094 5,970,804 34,882,039
2093 6,035,854 35,044,043
2092 6,101,659 35,204,657
2091 6,168,154 35,366,895
2090 6,235,722 35,535,838
2089 6,304,222 35,707,942
2088 6,373,377 35,877,681
2087 6,443,413 36,043,209
2086 6,514,289 36,210,710
2085 6,585,780 36,386,207
2084 6,657,505 36,564,622
2083 6,729,522 36,749,680
2082 6,801,995 36,936,644
2081 6,874,468 37,133,976
2080 6,947,089 37,337,517
2079 7,019,723 37,551,557
2078 7,092,413 37,771,135
2077 7,165,274 38,002,963
2076 7,238,004 38,249,247
2075 7,311,071 38,506,040
2074 7,384,626 38,777,715
2073 7,458,600 39,056,249
2072 7,533,524 39,348,447
2071 7,609,105 39,642,346
2070 7,686,135 39,949,413
2069 7,764,393 40,256,590
2068 7,843,807 40,575,543
2067 7,924,753 40,893,798
2066 8,007,003 41,218,263
2065 8,090,881 41,543,254
2064 8,176,150 41,878,338
2063 8,262,542 42,208,320
2062 8,350,350 42,542,893
2061 8,439,080 42,874,096
2060 8,528,768 43,191,452
2059 8,618,786 43,506,737
2058 8,708,762 43,809,907
2057 8,798,693 44,112,668
2056 8,888,562 44,415,689
2055 8,977,652 44,691,749
2054 9,066,133 44,958,971
2053 9,153,249 45,223,225
2052 9,238,892 45,470,541
2051 9,323,021 45,695,307
2050 9,405,481 45,911,520
2049 9,486,566 46,127,777
2048 9,565,607 46,322,244
2047 9,643,403 46,510,152
2046 9,719,554 46,687,914
2045 9,793,859 46,858,778
2044 9,866,367 47,016,278
2043 9,937,436 47,158,325
2042 10,006,554 47,301,091
2041 10,073,994 47,434,593
2040 10,139,368 47,563,236
2039 10,203,016 47,685,343
2038 10,264,587 47,798,797
2037 10,325,061 47,910,899
2036 10,383,547 48,020,350
2035 10,440,509 48,124,430
2034 10,496,359 48,220,051
2033 10,550,821 48,311,842
2032 10,603,749 48,402,470
2031 10,655,312 48,495,278
2030 10,705,845 48,579,920
2029 10,755,262 48,648,699
2028 10,803,047 48,707,969
2027 10,849,321 48,758,200
2026 10,894,785 48,806,901
2025 10,938,241 48,838,057
2024 10,979,783 48,848,840
2023 11,019,931 48,352,528
2022 11,059,820 47,786,102
2021 11,122,168 47,443,821
2020 11,176,354 47,359,424
2019 11,202,846 47,118,501
2018 11,227,118 46,782,011
2017 11,247,829 46,571,232
2016 11,265,612 46,458,139
2015 11,275,065 46,422,303
2014 11,285,775 46,460,733
2013 11,298,167 46,604,197
2012 11,303,175 46,773,055
2011 11,301,571 46,742,697
2010 11,297,409 46,576,897
2009 11,294,719 46,362,946
2008 11,291,762 45,954,106
2007 11,287,272 45,226,803
2006 11,278,550 44,397,319
2005 11,262,554 43,653,155
2004 11,238,756 42,921,895
2003 11,209,383 42,187,645
2002 11,177,418 41,431,558
2001 11,144,132 40,850,412
2000 11,109,109 40,567,864
1999 11,072,230 40,386,875
1998 11,034,712 40,223,509
1997 10,997,934 40,057,389
1996 10,962,010 39,889,852
1995 10,925,362 39,724,050
1994 10,886,021 39,549,108
1993 10,841,031 39,361,262
1992 10,785,801 39,157,685
1991 10,717,640 38,966,376
1990 10,631,799 38,867,322
1989 10,533,243 38,827,764
1988 10,432,585 38,766,939
1987 10,335,342 38,684,815
1986 10,244,247 38,584,624
1985 10,157,228 38,469,512
1984 10,073,299 38,330,364
1983 9,991,026 38,171,525
1982 9,912,681 37,986,012
1981 9,849,320 37,758,631
1980 9,804,796 37,491,165
1979 9,763,355 37,191,330
1978 9,711,980 36,864,898
1977 9,648,440 36,511,638
1976 9,571,242 36,137,812
1975 9,479,726 35,757,900
1974 9,374,183 35,373,335
1973 9,255,328 34,988,947
1972 9,123,891 34,604,469
1971 8,979,085 34,224,490
1970 8,824,382 33,814,531
1969 8,666,640 33,441,054
1968 8,509,522 33,113,134
1967 8,352,625 32,682,947
1966 8,193,450 32,283,194
1965 8,030,797 31,954,292
1964 7,866,020 31,609,195
1963 7,701,660 31,296,651
1962 7,541,098 31,023,366
1961 7,387,117 30,739,250
1960 7,238,081 30,455,000

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/spain | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Cuba decreased by 12,938 people (a 0.11% decline), while Spain gained 2,060,820 people (a 4.64% growth).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Cuba lost 370,827 people (a 3.29% decline), while Spain's population increased by 2,348,762 people (a 5.06% growth).

Cuba was ranked 73rd most populous country in 2006 and is 90th in 2026. Spain was ranked 28th in 2006 and ranked 32nd now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Cuba's population will shrink by 13.7% to 9,405,481 people with a rank change from 90th to 104th. The population of Spain will decrease by 5.93% to 45,911,520 people and rank change from 32nd to 47th.

Both countries are in a period of decline and in 50 years are projected to lose 33.6% of the population in Cuba and 21.6% in Spain.

Population growth rate by year

Cuba
Factual

Projection
Spain
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Cuba Spain
2100 -1.07% -0.52%
2099 -1.07% -0.51%
2098 -1.07% -0.5%
2097 -1.07% -0.48%
2096 -1.08% -0.48%
2095 -1.07% -0.47%
2094 -1.08% -0.46%
2093 -1.08% -0.46%
2092 -1.08% -0.46%
2091 -1.08% -0.48%
2090 -1.09% -0.48%
2089 -1.09% -0.47%
2088 -1.09% -0.46%
2087 -1.09% -0.46%
2086 -1.09% -0.48%
2085 -1.08% -0.49%
2084 -1.07% -0.5%
2083 -1.07% -0.51%
2082 -1.05% -0.53%
2081 -1.05% -0.55%
2080 -1.03% -0.57%
2079 -1.02% -0.58%
2078 -1.02% -0.61%
2077 -1% -0.64%
2076 -1% -0.67%
2075 -1% -0.7%
2074 -0.99% -0.71%
2073 -0.99% -0.74%
2072 -0.99% -0.74%
2071 -1% -0.77%
2070 -1.01% -0.76%
2069 -1.01% -0.79%
2068 -1.02% -0.78%
2067 -1.03% -0.79%
2066 -1.04% -0.78%
2065 -1.04% -0.8%
2064 -1.05% -0.78%
2063 -1.05% -0.79%
2062 -1.05% -0.77%
2061 -1.05% -0.73%
2060 -1.04% -0.72%
2059 -1.03% -0.69%
2058 -1.02% -0.69%
2057 -1.01% -0.68%
2056 -0.99% -0.62%
2055 -0.98% -0.59%
2054 -0.95% -0.58%
2053 -0.93% -0.54%
2052 -0.9% -0.49%
2051 -0.88% -0.47%
2050 -0.85% -0.47%
2049 -0.83% -0.42%
2048 -0.81% -0.4%
2047 -0.78% -0.38%
2046 -0.76% -0.36%
2045 -0.73% -0.33%
2044 -0.72% -0.3%
2043 -0.69% -0.3%
2042 -0.67% -0.28%
2041 -0.64% -0.27%
2040 -0.62% -0.26%
2039 -0.6% -0.24%
2038 -0.59% -0.23%
2037 -0.56% -0.23%
2036 -0.55% -0.22%
2035 -0.53% -0.2%
2034 -0.52% -0.19%
2033 -0.5% -0.19%
2032 -0.48% -0.19%
2031 -0.47% -0.17%
2030 -0.46% -0.14%
2029 -0.44% -0.12%
2028 -0.43% -0.1%
2027 -0.42% -0.1%
2026 -0.4% -0.06%
2025 -0.38% -0.02%
2024 -0.36% 1.03%
2023 -0.36% 1.19%
2022 -0.56% 0.72%
2021 -0.48% 0.18%
2020 -0.24% 0.51%
2019 -0.22% 0.72%
2018 -0.18% 0.45%
2017 -0.16% 0.24%
2016 -0.08% 0.08%
2015 -0.09% -0.08%
2014 -0.11% -0.31%
2013 -0.04% -0.36%
2012 0.01% 0.06%
2011 0.04% 0.36%
2010 0.02% 0.46%
2009 0.03% 0.89%
2008 0.04% 1.61%
2007 0.08% 1.87%
2006 0.14% 1.7%
2005 0.21% 1.7%
2004 0.26% 1.74%
2003 0.29% 1.82%
2002 0.3% 1.42%
2001 0.32% 0.7%
2000 0.33% 0.45%
1999 0.34% 0.41%
1998 0.33% 0.41%
1997 0.33% 0.42%
1996 0.34% 0.42%
1995 0.36% 0.44%
1994 0.41% 0.48%
1993 0.51% 0.52%
1992 0.64% 0.49%
1991 0.81% 0.25%
1990 0.94% 0.1%
1989 0.96% 0.16%
1988 0.94% 0.21%
1987 0.89% 0.26%
1986 0.86% 0.3%
1985 0.83% 0.36%
1984 0.82% 0.42%
1983 0.79% 0.49%
1982 0.64% 0.6%
1981 0.45% 0.71%
1980 0.42% 0.81%
1979 0.53% 0.89%
1978 0.66% 0.97%
1977 0.81% 1.03%
1976 0.97% 1.06%
1975 1.13% 1.09%
1974 1.28% 1.1%
1973 1.44% 1.11%
1972 1.61% 1.11%
1971 1.75% 1.21%
1970 1.82% 1.12%
1969 1.85% 0.99%
1968 1.88% 1.32%
1967 1.94% 1.24%
1966 2.03% 1.03%
1965 2.09% 1.09%
1964 2.13% 1%
1963 2.13% 0.88%
1962 2.08% 0.92%
1961 2.06% 0.93%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/spain | CC BY

In 2024, the population of Cuba declined by 0.36%, while Spain's population grew by 1.03%.

Live population counters

Cuba Spain
Current population
10894785
48806901
Population rank 90/197 32/197
Percent of world population 0.13% 0.59%
One net population change
13.1 minutes
1.06 minutes
One birth every
5.48 minutes
1.62 minutes
One death every
4.7 minutes
1.21 minutes
Daily growth/decline -110 +1,360
Annual growth/decline -40,148 +496,312
Annual growth/decline rate -0.36% +1.03%
Population growth rate rank 182/197 100/197
One migration net change every
23.7 minutes
5.45 minutes
Annual migration change -22,244 +96,630
Net migration rank 153/196 17/196
Foreign-born residents 2,144 8,870,527
Foreign-born residents rank 193/195 6/195
Foreign-born share of population 0.12% 18.5%
Foreign-born share rank 191/195 32/195

Natural population change vs migration

Cuba
Natural

Migration
Spain
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Cuba Spain
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - -22,244 - 96,630
2024 - -22,356 - 111,674
2023 -15,880 -22,797 -111,211 119,099
2022 -17,961 -23,149 -133,801 299,779
2021 -71,616 -11,976 -113,865 144,385
2020 -12,808 -11,976 -151,551 236,854
2019 -4,245 -23,955 -56,542 464,783
2018 3,436 -23,779 -56,139 337,467
2017 2,306 -23,394 -32,600 201,135
2016 9,677 -24,146 0 106,474
2015 20,464 -24,910 -4,642 -1,979
2014 22,448 -39,426 32,522 -97,870
2013 29,827 -37,619 37,284 -250,741
2012 33,864 -36,101 51,450 -153,486
2011 40,753 -35,313 84,137 60,761
2010 37,021 -34,121 102,469 69,406
2009 37,543 -35,063 106,635 129,557
2008 32,848 -29,427 133,267 434,135
2007 24,617 -19,050 108,545 772,317
2006 24,508 -12,619 110,994 659,720
2005 36,660 -16,561 78,576 629,803
2004 44,258 -16,776 85,844 661,158
2003 56,170 -24,916 54,844 658,428
2002 58,212 -25,535 53,861 737,880
2001 57,325 -23,442 44,936 181,307
2000 61,133 -24,980 36,512 176,269
1999 69,069 -31,456 8,077 178,559
1998 71,284 -33,863 4,022 182,926
1997 71,828 -35,712 20,028 165,345
1996 61,837 -26,105 11,967 162,704
1995 66,809 -29,235 15,889 162,434
1994 68,604 -27,501 31,639 160,407
1993 73,221 -24,358 47,234 160,907
1992 83,461 -21,867 62,652 177,544
1991 95,398 -20,665 58,450 122,841
1990 112,378 -15,438 66,075 -30,684
1989 114,865 -14,705 81,538 -25,892
1988 116,626 -15,474 100,794 -17,663
1987 109,617 -16,290 116,054 -12,681
1986 105,997 -17,146 131,188 -13,540
1985 103,228 -18,048 146,184 -589
1984 101,670 -18,994 172,487 2,754
1983 101,858 -19,994 183,223 1,241
1982 95,866 -21,055 231,714 -7,384
1981 74,067 -22,159 237,879 2,563
1980 74,271 -37,114 281,184 20,166
1979 81,192 -35,473 312,407 -5,929
1978 86,864 -29,839 339,157 -2,504
1977 106,875 -36,811 361,465 -1,332
1976 125,383 -41,042 375,834 2,804
1975 144,964 -46,268 371,882 -218
1974 165,099 -52,697 396,182 105,838
1973 177,387 -52,073 374,381 8,624
1972 187,588 -50,031 391,030 7,935
1971 195,106 -43,056 369,625 7,363
1970 201,823 -44,466 378,723 -60,580
1969 205,581 -47,446 367,851 -49,956
1968 205,487 -49,387 387,423 -46,088
1967 207,245 -49,556 402,001 -42,344
1966 209,179 -48,509 397,084 -41,467
1965 211,322 -46,683 405,819 -42,476
1964 209,315 -44,406 429,885 -41,461
1963 205,788 -41,979 394,338 -44,446
1962 196,423 -39,116 384,690 -45,211
1961 183,806 -33,163 396,537 -46,517
1960 172,816 -25,396 398,960 -154,869

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/spain | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 21.9% of the population change in Cuba is from natural causes (a loss of 64,179 people) and 78.1% is from migration (a loss of 229,508 people). In Spain 25.8% is from natural causes (a loss of 627,829 people) and 74.2% is from migration (a gain of 1,810,127 people).

As of 2024, 2,144 residents or 0.12% of the population were not native-born in Cuba, compared to 8,870,527 people or 18.5% in Spain.

Biggest cities by population

Cuba
City Population
Havana 2.49M
Santiago de Cuba 445K
Holguin 350K
Camaguey 322K
Santa Clara 247K
Bayamo 235K
Guantanamo 228K
Las Tunas 202K
Pinar del Rio 189K
Cienfuegos 165K
Spain
City Population
Madrid 3.51M
Barcelona 1.73M
Tenerife 955K
Valencia 841K
Zaragoza 693K
Seville 689K
Malaga 599K
Palma de Mallorca 435K
Las Palmas 382K
Alicante 366K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/population/cuba/spain | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  5. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)

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