Fertility & birth rates in Eswatini and Singapore

Fertility rate in Eswatini vs Singapore chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Eswatini was 2.75 children per woman in 2023, compared to 0.97 in Singapore in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Eswatini vs Singapore population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Eswatini	Singapore
1960	6.75	5.76
1961	6.77	5.41
1962	6.79	5.21
1963	6.8	5.16
1964	6.79	4.97
1965	6.79	4.66
1966	6.8	4.46
1967	6.77	3.91
1968	6.76	3.53
1969	6.76	3.22
1970	6.75	3.07
1971	6.74	3.02
1972	6.72	3.04
1973	6.72	2.79
1974	6.71	2.35
1975	6.71	2.07
1976	6.7	2.11
1977	6.68	1.82
1978	6.65	1.79
1979	6.61	1.79
1980	6.57	1.82
1981	6.54	1.78
1982	6.49	1.74
1983	6.43	1.61
1984	6.36	1.62
1985	6.28	1.61
1986	6.11	1.43
1987	5.9	1.62
1988	5.69	1.96
1989	5.48	1.75
1990	5.3	1.83
1991	5.13	1.73
1992	4.98	1.72
1993	4.82	1.74
1994	4.66	1.71
1995	4.52	1.67
1996	4.38	1.66
1997	4.24	1.61
1998	4.13	1.48
1999	4.09	1.47
2000	4.03	1.6
2001	3.94	1.41
2002	3.85	1.37
2003	3.8	1.27
2004	3.76	1.26
2005	3.7	1.26
2006	3.63	1.28
2007	3.58	1.29
2008	3.57	1.28
2009	3.5	1.22
2010	3.38	1.15
2011	3.32	1.2
2012	3.27	1.29
2013	3.24	1.19
2014	3.18	1.25
2015	3.12	1.24
2016	3.07	1.2
2017	3.02	1.16
2018	2.97	1.14
2019	2.93	1.14
2020	2.89	1.1
2021	2.84	1.12
2022	2.8	1.04
2023	2.75	0.97
2024	2.72	0.98
2025	2.68	0.99
2026	2.64	1
2027	2.61	1.01
2028	2.57	1.02
2029	2.54	1.03
2030	2.51	1.03
2031	2.49	1.04
2032	2.45	1.05
2033	2.42	1.06
2034	2.4	1.07
2035	2.37	1.07
2036	2.35	1.08
2037	2.32	1.09
2038	2.3	1.1
2039	2.28	1.1
2040	2.26	1.11
2041	2.24	1.12
2042	2.22	1.13
2043	2.2	1.13
2044	2.18	1.14
2045	2.16	1.15
2046	2.14	1.16
2047	2.13	1.17
2048	2.11	1.17
2049	2.1	1.18
2050	2.08	1.19

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Eswatini	Singapore
1960	46.9%	44.7%
1961	47.2%	44.8%
1962	47.4%	44.7%
1963	47.7%	44.4%
1964	47.8%	43.8%
1965	47.7%	43.2%
1966	47.7%	42.5%
1967	47.5%	41.7%
1968	47.3%	40.8%
1969	47.2%	39.8%
1970	47.2%	38.7%
1971	47.2%	37.5%
1972	47.3%	36.2%
1973	47.4%	35%
1974	47.5%	33.7%
1975	47.7%	32.5%
1976	47.9%	31.2%
1977	48.1%	30%
1978	48.3%	28.8%
1979	48.5%	27.6%
1980	48.7%	26.4%
1981	48.9%	25.2%
1982	49.2%	24.2%
1983	49.3%	23.7%
1984	49.4%	23.3%
1985	49.5%	23.1%
1986	49.4%	22.9%
1987	49.3%	22.4%
1988	48.7%	22%
1989	48.1%	21.7%
1990	47.6%	21.4%
1991	47.1%	21.2%
1992	46.6%	21.1%
1993	46.4%	21%
1994	47%	20.7%
1995	47.4%	20.4%
1996	46.9%	20%
1997	46.2%	19.5%
1998	45.3%	19.2%
1999	44.4%	19%
2000	43.6%	18.8%
2001	42.9%	18.6%
2002	42.3%	18.4%
2003	41.8%	18.2%
2004	41.4%	17.8%
2005	41.1%	17.2%
2006	40.8%	16.6%
2007	40.4%	15.8%
2008	39.9%	15.1%
2009	39.3%	14.6%
2010	38.8%	14.1%
2011	38.4%	13.7%
2012	38%	13.4%
2013	37.6%	13.1%
2014	37.2%	12.9%
2015	36.8%	12.7%
2016	36.4%	12.5%
2017	36%	12.4%
2018	35.6%	12.3%
2019	35.1%	12.2%
2020	34.7%	12.2%
2021	34.3%	12.2%
2022	34%	12%
2023	33.7%	11.8%
2024	33.4%	11.7%
2025	33%	11.7%
2026	32.6%	11.7%
2027	32.2%	11.8%
2028	31.8%	11.9%
2029	31.4%	12%
2030	31%	12%
2031	30.7%	12%
2032	30.3%	12.1%
2033	29.9%	12.1%
2034	29.5%	12.1%
2035	29.1%	12.1%
2036	28.7%	12.1%
2037	28.4%	12.1%
2038	28%	12%
2039	27.7%	11.8%
2040	27.4%	11.7%
2041	27.1%	11.5%
2042	26.8%	11.2%
2043	26.5%	11%
2044	26.2%	10.7%
2045	26%	10.4%
2046	25.7%	10.1%
2047	25.4%	9.87%
2048	25.1%	9.6%
2049	24.9%	9.35%
2050	24.6%	9.12%

Children aged 0-14 make up 33.4% of the population in Eswatini and 11.7% in Singapore in 2024, compared to 47.6% and 21.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Eswatini and Singapore compared.

Natural population change in Eswatini vs Singapore by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.63% in Eswatini and +0.35% in Singapore. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Eswatini	Singapore
1960	9,947	51,533
1961	10,262	49,880
1962	10,601	48,830
1963	10,929	49,542
1964	11,266	47,697
1965	11,719	45,474
1966	12,282	44,298
1967	12,773	40,145
1968	13,449	36,216
1969	14,164	34,314
1970	14,873	35,059
1971	15,615	35,708
1972	16,353	38,098
1973	17,145	36,404
1974	17,971	31,664
1975	18,849	28,509
1976	19,734	31,189
1977	20,609	26,508
1978	21,466	27,537
1979	22,299	28,363
1980	23,153	30,657
1981	23,973	32,167
1982	24,742	33,346
1983	24,883	30,296
1984	26,149	31,967
1985	26,835	32,010
1986	27,096	27,880
1987	27,285	33,020
1988	27,396	42,407
1989	28,257	36,929
1990	28,349	41,136
1991	28,497	39,188
1992	28,446	39,091
1993	28,046	40,425
1994	26,703	39,319
1995	23,029	38,065
1996	21,858	38,542
1997	20,686	37,960
1998	19,762	33,381
1999	19,420	32,857
2000	18,830	37,057
2001	17,824	31,035
2002	16,924	29,231
2003	16,396	24,689
2004	15,979	24,583
2005	15,945	24,741
2006	16,133	25,968
2007	16,595	26,614
2008	17,275	28,068
2009	17,656	27,930
2010	17,652	24,876
2011	17,645	25,919
2012	18,308	29,750
2013	18,903	25,376
2014	19,107	27,896
2015	19,223	27,121
2016	19,233	25,794
2017	19,278	21,888
2018	19,392	21,427
2019	19,488	21,674
2020	18,899	18,763
2021	17,314	15,270
2022	20,125	9,019
2023	20,147	7,101

Maternal mortality chart: Eswatini vs Singapore

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 118 deaths per 100,000 live births in Eswatini, compared to 6 deaths in Singapore.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Eswatini	Singapore
1985	580	18
1986	548	18
1987	521	18
1988	494	18
1989	505	18
1990	520	17
1991	545	16
1992	580	16
1993	609	16
1994	645	16
1995	612	17
1996	604	17
1997	550	17
1998	475	17
1999	409	17
2000	361	17
2001	307	16
2002	331	16
2003	392	15
2004	451	14
2005	529	14
2006	511	13
2007	647	12
2008	766	11
2009	855	10
2010	752	10
2011	765	10
2012	613	10
2013	491	9
2014	369	9
2015	283	8
2016	213	8
2017	151	8
2018	133	8
2019	96	7
2020	102	13
2021	219	20
2022	112	34
2023	118	6

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 4.5% in Eswatini and 0.21% in Singapore. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Eswatini	Singapore
1960	20.7%	4.76%
1961	20.4%	4.37%
1962	20%	4.05%
1963	19.6%	3.81%
1964	19.2%	3.64%
1965	18.8%	3.5%
1966	18.3%	3.34%
1967	17.9%	3.18%
1968	17.4%	3.01%
1969	17%	2.86%
1970	16.5%	2.71%
1971	16%	2.56%
1972	15.4%	2.39%
1973	14.9%	2.18%
1974	14.3%	1.95%
1975	13.7%	1.75%
1976	13.2%	1.62%
1977	12.6%	1.54%
1978	12%	1.51%
1979	11.5%	1.49%
1980	10.9%	1.46%
1981	10.4%	1.4%
1982	9.89%	1.32%
1983	10.4%	1.23%
1984	8.85%	1.16%
1985	8.37%	1.09%
1986	7.93%	1.03%
1987	7.54%	0.97%
1988	7.2%	0.91%
1989	6.93%	0.84%
1990	6.75%	0.77%
1991	6.72%	0.7%
1992	6.85%	0.63%
1993	7.17%	0.58%
1994	7.62%	0.54%
1995	8.12%	0.51%
1996	8.71%	0.48%
1997	9.3%	0.46%
1998	9.87%	0.44%
1999	10.4%	0.41%
2000	10.9%	0.38%
2001	11.3%	0.36%
2002	11.4%	0.34%
2003	11.6%	0.32%
2004	11.6%	0.31%
2005	11.6%	0.3%
2006	10.5%	0.29%
2007	10%	0.29%
2008	9.82%	0.28%
2009	9.25%	0.28%
2010	8.18%	0.28%
2011	6.81%	0.28%
2012	6.38%	0.28%
2013	6.16%	0.28%
2014	6.17%	0.27%
2015	5.86%	0.27%
2016	5.53%	0.27%
2017	5.43%	0.26%
2018	5.1%	0.25%
2019	5.16%	0.24%
2020	4.98%	0.23%
2021	4.76%	0.22%
2022	4.62%	0.22%
2023	4.5%	0.21%