Fertility & birth rates in Eswatini and Nepal

Fertility rate in Eswatini vs Nepal chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Eswatini was 2.75 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.98 in Nepal in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Eswatini vs Nepal population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Eswatini	Nepal
1960	6.75	6.07
1961	6.77	6.09
1962	6.79	6.08
1963	6.8	6.06
1964	6.79	6.04
1965	6.79	6.01
1966	6.8	5.98
1967	6.77	5.95
1968	6.76	5.94
1969	6.76	5.89
1970	6.75	5.87
1971	6.74	5.85
1972	6.72	5.8
1973	6.72	5.7
1974	6.71	5.75
1975	6.71	5.73
1976	6.7	5.72
1977	6.68	5.69
1978	6.65	5.68
1979	6.61	5.64
1980	6.57	5.6
1981	6.54	5.58
1982	6.49	5.55
1983	6.43	5.54
1984	6.36	5.51
1985	6.28	5.46
1986	6.11	5.4
1987	5.9	5.35
1988	5.69	5.31
1989	5.48	5.26
1990	5.3	5.21
1991	5.13	5.15
1992	4.98	5.07
1993	4.82	5.04
1994	4.66	4.96
1995	4.52	4.87
1996	4.38	4.67
1997	4.24	4.44
1998	4.13	4.28
1999	4.09	4.13
2000	4.03	3.98
2001	3.94	3.79
2002	3.85	3.6
2003	3.8	3.44
2004	3.76	3.28
2005	3.7	3.12
2006	3.63	2.97
2007	3.58	2.86
2008	3.57	2.74
2009	3.5	2.63
2010	3.38	2.54
2011	3.32	2.46
2012	3.27	2.42
2013	3.24	2.36
2014	3.18	2.32
2015	3.12	2.27
2016	3.07	2.23
2017	3.02	2.17
2018	2.97	2.12
2019	2.93	2.08
2020	2.89	2.05
2021	2.84	2.03
2022	2.8	2
2023	2.75	1.98
2024	2.72	1.96
2025	2.68	1.94
2026	2.64	1.92
2027	2.61	1.9
2028	2.57	1.89
2029	2.54	1.88
2030	2.51	1.86
2031	2.49	1.85
2032	2.45	1.84
2033	2.42	1.83
2034	2.4	1.82
2035	2.37	1.81
2036	2.35	1.8
2037	2.32	1.79
2038	2.3	1.79
2039	2.28	1.78
2040	2.26	1.78
2041	2.24	1.77
2042	2.22	1.77
2043	2.2	1.76
2044	2.18	1.76
2045	2.16	1.75
2046	2.14	1.75
2047	2.13	1.74
2048	2.11	1.74
2049	2.1	1.74
2050	2.08	1.73

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Eswatini	Nepal
1960	46.9%	40.7%
1961	47.2%	40.7%
1962	47.4%	40.6%
1963	47.7%	40.5%
1964	47.8%	40.4%
1965	47.7%	40.4%
1966	47.7%	40.4%
1967	47.5%	40.3%
1968	47.3%	40.3%
1969	47.2%	40.3%
1970	47.2%	40.3%
1971	47.2%	40.4%
1972	47.3%	40.4%
1973	47.4%	40.5%
1974	47.5%	40.5%
1975	47.7%	40.6%
1976	47.9%	40.7%
1977	48.1%	40.7%
1978	48.3%	40.8%
1979	48.5%	40.8%
1980	48.7%	40.9%
1981	48.9%	40.9%
1982	49.2%	40.9%
1983	49.3%	41%
1984	49.4%	41%
1985	49.5%	41.1%
1986	49.4%	41.2%
1987	49.3%	41.3%
1988	48.7%	41.4%
1989	48.1%	41.5%
1990	47.6%	41.5%
1991	47.1%	41.5%
1992	46.6%	41.4%
1993	46.4%	41.3%
1994	47%	41.4%
1995	47.4%	41.4%
1996	46.9%	41.5%
1997	46.2%	41.4%
1998	45.3%	41.3%
1999	44.4%	41.1%
2000	43.6%	40.9%
2001	42.9%	40.7%
2002	42.3%	40.4%
2003	41.8%	40%
2004	41.4%	39.6%
2005	41.1%	39.2%
2006	40.8%	38.7%
2007	40.4%	38.1%
2008	39.9%	37.5%
2009	39.3%	36.7%
2010	38.8%	36%
2011	38.4%	35.3%
2012	38%	34.7%
2013	37.6%	34.2%
2014	37.2%	33.6%
2015	36.8%	33%
2016	36.4%	32.5%
2017	36%	32.1%
2018	35.6%	31.6%
2019	35.1%	30.9%
2020	34.7%	30.1%
2021	34.3%	29.4%
2022	34%	28.9%
2023	33.7%	28.7%
2024	33.4%	28.4%
2025	33%	28.1%
2026	32.6%	27.7%
2027	32.2%	27.3%
2028	31.8%	26.8%
2029	31.4%	26.4%
2030	31%	26%
2031	30.7%	25.6%
2032	30.3%	25.2%
2033	29.9%	24.8%
2034	29.5%	24.5%
2035	29.1%	24.1%
2036	28.7%	23.8%
2037	28.4%	23.4%
2038	28%	23%
2039	27.7%	22.7%
2040	27.4%	22.4%
2041	27.1%	22.1%
2042	26.8%	21.7%
2043	26.5%	21.4%
2044	26.2%	21.1%
2045	26%	20.8%
2046	25.7%	20.5%
2047	25.4%	20.3%
2048	25.1%	20%
2049	24.9%	19.7%
2050	24.6%	19.5%

Children aged 0-14 make up 33.4% of the population in Eswatini and 28.4% in Nepal in 2024, compared to 47.6% and 41.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Eswatini and Nepal compared.

Natural population change in Eswatini vs Nepal by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.63% in Eswatini and +1.37% in Nepal. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Eswatini	Nepal
1960	9,947	203,374
1961	10,262	209,917
1962	10,601	215,368
1963	10,929	219,586
1964	11,266	227,948
1965	11,719	233,726
1966	12,282	241,716
1967	12,773	249,240
1968	13,449	258,259
1969	14,164	264,560
1970	14,873	272,439
1971	15,615	280,752
1972	16,353	286,708
1973	17,145	288,750
1974	17,971	303,078
1975	18,849	312,479
1976	19,734	323,222
1977	20,609	332,843
1978	21,466	345,765
1979	22,299	355,597
1980	23,153	364,254
1981	23,973	374,145
1982	24,742	385,741
1983	24,883	399,103
1984	26,149	411,122
1985	26,835	423,240
1986	27,096	434,802
1987	27,285	449,400
1988	27,396	463,581
1989	28,257	478,771
1990	28,349	495,202
1991	28,497	512,233
1992	28,446	533,029
1993	28,046	561,549
1994	26,703	578,293
1995	23,029	591,283
1996	21,858	580,099
1997	20,686	565,882
1998	19,762	562,787
1999	19,420	557,847
2000	18,830	554,506
2001	17,824	542,118
2002	16,924	525,045
2003	16,396	516,575
2004	15,979	504,853
2005	15,945	489,093
2006	16,133	475,335
2007	16,595	464,780
2008	17,275	452,353
2009	17,656	441,290
2010	17,652	432,631
2011	17,645	429,957
2012	18,308	430,151
2013	18,903	424,804
2014	19,107	423,166
2015	19,223	410,565
2016	19,233	415,921
2017	19,278	406,219
2018	19,392	394,576
2019	19,488	387,113
2020	18,899	373,553
2021	17,314	351,165
2022	20,125	379,021
2023	20,147	368,450

Maternal mortality chart: Eswatini vs Nepal

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 118 deaths per 100,000 live births in Eswatini, compared to 142 deaths in Nepal.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Eswatini	Nepal
1985	580	1,186
1986	548	1,143
1987	521	1,088
1988	494	1,038
1989	505	973
1990	520	920
1991	545	850
1992	580	768
1993	609	703
1994	645	657
1995	612	625
1996	604	584
1997	550	550
1998	475	522
1999	409	512
2000	361	480
2001	307	443
2002	331	414
2003	392	387
2004	451	364
2005	529	344
2006	511	318
2007	647	309
2008	766	302
2009	855	299
2010	752	297
2011	765	286
2012	613	272
2013	491	258
2014	369	245
2015	283	236
2016	213	214
2017	151	197
2018	133	183
2019	96	170
2020	102	153
2021	219	173
2022	112	139
2023	118	142

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 4.5% in Eswatini and 2.65% in Nepal. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Eswatini	Nepal
1960	20.7%	32.8%
1961	20.4%	32.4%
1962	20%	31.9%
1963	19.6%	31.3%
1964	19.2%	30.7%
1965	18.8%	30%
1966	18.3%	29.4%
1967	17.9%	28.7%
1968	17.4%	28%
1969	17%	27.3%
1970	16.5%	26.7%
1971	16%	26.2%
1972	15.4%	25.6%
1973	14.9%	25%
1974	14.3%	24.5%
1975	13.7%	23.9%
1976	13.2%	23.3%
1977	12.6%	22.7%
1978	12%	22.1%
1979	11.5%	21.5%
1980	10.9%	20.8%
1981	10.4%	20.2%
1982	9.89%	19.5%
1983	10.4%	18.8%
1984	8.85%	18.2%
1985	8.37%	17.5%
1986	7.93%	16.8%
1987	7.54%	16.1%
1988	7.2%	15.3%
1989	6.93%	14.6%
1990	6.75%	13.9%
1991	6.72%	13.2%
1992	6.85%	12.5%
1993	7.17%	11.8%
1994	7.62%	11.2%
1995	8.12%	10.6%
1996	8.71%	10%
1997	9.3%	9.44%
1998	9.87%	8.91%
1999	10.4%	8.4%
2000	10.9%	7.92%
2001	11.3%	7.48%
2002	11.4%	7.06%
2003	11.6%	6.69%
2004	11.6%	6.35%
2005	11.6%	6.04%
2006	10.5%	5.76%
2007	10%	5.51%
2008	9.82%	5.27%
2009	9.25%	5.05%
2010	8.18%	4.83%
2011	6.81%	4.62%
2012	6.38%	4.41%
2013	6.16%	4.21%
2014	6.17%	4.01%
2015	5.86%	3.82%
2016	5.53%	3.64%
2017	5.43%	3.46%
2018	5.1%	3.3%
2019	5.16%	3.14%
2020	4.98%	2.99%
2021	4.76%	2.86%
2022	4.62%	2.75%
2023	4.5%	2.65%