Fertility & birth rates in Bangladesh and Nepal

Fertility rate in Bangladesh vs Nepal chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Bangladesh was 2.16 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.98 in Nepal in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Bangladesh vs Nepal population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Bangladesh	Nepal
1960	6.74	6.07
1961	6.78	6.09
1962	6.81	6.08
1963	6.8	6.06
1964	6.79	6.04
1965	6.77	6.01
1966	6.77	5.98
1967	6.79	5.95
1968	6.79	5.94
1969	6.81	5.89
1970	6.84	5.87
1971	6.83	5.85
1972	6.82	5.8
1973	6.8	5.7
1974	6.78	5.75
1975	6.73	5.73
1976	6.66	5.72
1977	6.58	5.69
1978	6.51	5.68
1979	6.42	5.64
1980	6.33	5.6
1981	6.24	5.58
1982	6.12	5.55
1983	5.91	5.54
1984	5.73	5.51
1985	5.54	5.46
1986	5.3	5.4
1987	5.08	5.35
1988	4.85	5.31
1989	4.7	5.26
1990	4.51	5.21
1991	4.26	5.15
1992	4.03	5.07
1993	3.83	5.04
1994	3.74	4.96
1995	3.59	4.87
1996	3.51	4.67
1997	3.5	4.44
1998	3.43	4.28
1999	3.36	4.13
2000	3.28	3.98
2001	3.2	3.79
2002	3.13	3.6
2003	3.03	3.44
2004	2.94	3.28
2005	2.85	3.12
2006	2.76	2.97
2007	2.67	2.86
2008	2.58	2.74
2009	2.48	2.63
2010	2.38	2.54
2011	2.31	2.46
2012	2.26	2.42
2013	2.25	2.36
2014	2.23	2.32
2015	2.23	2.27
2016	2.23	2.23
2017	2.21	2.17
2018	2.19	2.12
2019	2.18	2.08
2020	2.17	2.05
2021	2.17	2.03
2022	2.18	2
2023	2.16	1.98
2024	2.14	1.96
2025	2.11	1.94
2026	2.09	1.92
2027	2.07	1.9
2028	2.05	1.89
2029	2.03	1.88
2030	2.01	1.86
2031	2	1.85
2032	1.98	1.84
2033	1.96	1.83
2034	1.95	1.82
2035	1.93	1.81
2036	1.92	1.8
2037	1.91	1.79
2038	1.9	1.79
2039	1.88	1.78
2040	1.87	1.78
2041	1.86	1.77
2042	1.86	1.77
2043	1.85	1.76
2044	1.84	1.76
2045	1.83	1.75
2046	1.83	1.75
2047	1.82	1.74
2048	1.82	1.74
2049	1.81	1.74
2050	1.81	1.73

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Bangladesh	Nepal
1960	42.1%	40.7%
1961	42.3%	40.7%
1962	42.5%	40.6%
1963	42.8%	40.5%
1964	43.2%	40.4%
1965	43.5%	40.4%
1966	43.7%	40.4%
1967	43.9%	40.3%
1968	44.1%	40.3%
1969	44.3%	40.3%
1970	44.4%	40.3%
1971	44.5%	40.4%
1972	44.7%	40.4%
1973	44.8%	40.5%
1974	44.9%	40.5%
1975	44.9%	40.6%
1976	44.9%	40.7%
1977	44.8%	40.7%
1978	44.8%	40.8%
1979	44.8%	40.8%
1980	44.8%	40.9%
1981	44.8%	40.9%
1982	44.8%	40.9%
1983	44.7%	41%
1984	44.6%	41%
1985	44.5%	41.1%
1986	44.2%	41.2%
1987	43.9%	41.3%
1988	43.5%	41.4%
1989	43.1%	41.5%
1990	42.7%	41.5%
1991	42.3%	41.5%
1992	41.8%	41.4%
1993	41.3%	41.3%
1994	40.8%	41.4%
1995	40.2%	41.4%
1996	39.6%	41.5%
1997	39%	41.4%
1998	38.4%	41.3%
1999	37.8%	41.1%
2000	37.3%	40.9%
2001	36.9%	40.7%
2002	36.6%	40.4%
2003	36.4%	40%
2004	36.1%	39.6%
2005	35.7%	39.2%
2006	35.4%	38.7%
2007	35.1%	38.1%
2008	34.8%	37.5%
2009	34.4%	36.7%
2010	34.1%	36%
2011	33.6%	35.3%
2012	33%	34.7%
2013	32.4%	34.2%
2014	31.8%	33.6%
2015	31.2%	33%
2016	30.6%	32.5%
2017	30.1%	32.1%
2018	29.7%	31.6%
2019	29.5%	30.9%
2020	29.3%	30.1%
2021	29.1%	29.4%
2022	28.8%	28.9%
2023	28.4%	28.7%
2024	28%	28.4%
2025	27.6%	28.1%
2026	27.3%	27.7%
2027	27%	27.3%
2028	26.8%	26.8%
2029	26.5%	26.4%
2030	26.3%	26%
2031	26%	25.6%
2032	25.8%	25.2%
2033	25.5%	24.8%
2034	25.2%	24.5%
2035	24.8%	24.1%
2036	24.5%	23.8%
2037	24%	23.4%
2038	23.6%	23%
2039	23.2%	22.7%
2040	22.7%	22.4%
2041	22.3%	22.1%
2042	21.9%	21.7%
2043	21.5%	21.4%
2044	21.2%	21.1%
2045	20.8%	20.8%
2046	20.5%	20.5%
2047	20.2%	20.3%
2048	19.9%	20%
2049	19.6%	19.7%
2050	19.4%	19.5%

Children aged 0-14 make up 28% of the population in Bangladesh and 28.4% in Nepal in 2024, compared to 42.7% and 41.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Bangladesh and Nepal compared.

Natural population change in Bangladesh vs Nepal by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.47% in Bangladesh and +1.37% in Nepal. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Bangladesh	Nepal
1960	1,418,810	203,374
1961	1,504,524	209,917
1962	1,584,035	215,368
1963	1,612,749	219,586
1964	1,686,591	227,948
1965	1,688,652	233,726
1966	1,794,530	241,716
1967	1,860,743	249,240
1968	1,918,686	258,259
1969	1,985,984	264,560
1970	1,742,287	272,439
1971	542,747	280,752
1972	2,231,204	286,708
1973	2,276,471	288,750
1974	2,312,418	303,078
1975	2,385,302	312,479
1976	2,431,754	323,222
1977	2,475,502	332,843
1978	2,514,509	345,765
1979	2,570,404	355,597
1980	2,615,497	364,254
1981	2,658,613	374,145
1982	2,705,822	385,741
1983	2,694,172	399,103
1984	2,713,094	411,122
1985	2,698,231	423,240
1986	2,685,152	434,802
1987	2,661,768	449,400
1988	2,614,570	463,581
1989	2,623,347	478,771
1990	2,587,558	495,202
1991	2,354,255	512,233
1992	2,453,664	533,029
1993	2,425,139	561,549
1994	2,475,098	578,293
1995	2,477,509	591,283
1996	2,531,581	580,099
1997	2,667,979	565,882
1998	2,740,993	562,787
1999	2,803,597	557,847
2000	2,867,543	554,506
2001	2,905,755	542,118
2002	2,907,604	525,045
2003	2,881,857	516,575
2004	2,849,626	504,853
2005	2,783,029	489,093
2006	2,725,786	475,335
2007	2,666,175	464,780
2008	2,595,770	452,353
2009	2,511,746	441,290
2010	2,408,597	432,631
2011	2,332,126	429,957
2012	2,304,652	430,151
2013	2,312,293	424,804
2014	2,305,499	423,166
2015	2,329,544	410,565
2016	2,356,056	415,921
2017	2,348,293	406,219
2018	2,391,853	394,576
2019	2,433,952	387,113
2020	2,355,279	373,553
2021	2,363,487	351,165
2022	2,633,258	379,021
2023	2,630,818	368,450

Maternal mortality chart: Bangladesh vs Nepal

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 115 deaths per 100,000 live births in Bangladesh, compared to 142 deaths in Nepal.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Bangladesh	Nepal
1985	926	1,186
1986	891	1,143
1987	884	1,088
1988	881	1,038
1989	877	973
1990	870	920
1991	890	850
1992	827	768
1993	791	703
1994	749	657
1995	707	625
1996	664	584
1997	626	550
1998	589	522
1999	554	512
2000	523	480
2001	495	443
2002	465	414
2003	436	387
2004	406	364
2005	378	344
2006	352	318
2007	334	309
2008	310	302
2009	293	299
2010	275	297
2011	258	286
2012	244	272
2013	230	258
2014	217	245
2015	204	236
2016	191	214
2017	179	197
2018	168	183
2019	157	170
2020	152	153
2021	194	173
2022	131	139
2023	115	142

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 3.06% in Bangladesh and 2.65% in Nepal. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Bangladesh	Nepal
1960	26.2%	32.8%
1961	25.5%	32.4%
1962	24.9%	31.9%
1963	24.3%	31.3%
1964	23.8%	30.7%
1965	23.3%	30%
1966	23%	29.4%
1967	22.8%	28.7%
1968	22.7%	28%
1969	22.7%	27.3%
1970	27.1%	26.7%
1971	36.7%	26.2%
1972	22.8%	25.6%
1973	22.8%	25%
1974	22.7%	24.5%
1975	22.5%	23.9%
1976	22.3%	23.3%
1977	21.9%	22.7%
1978	21.5%	22.1%
1979	21.1%	21.5%
1980	20.6%	20.8%
1981	20.1%	20.2%
1982	19.6%	19.5%
1983	19%	18.8%
1984	18.4%	18.2%
1985	17.8%	17.5%
1986	17.2%	16.8%
1987	16.5%	16.1%
1988	15.9%	15.3%
1989	15.2%	14.6%
1990	14.6%	13.9%
1991	14%	13.2%
1992	13.4%	12.5%
1993	12.7%	11.8%
1994	12.1%	11.2%
1995	11.5%	10.6%
1996	10.9%	10%
1997	10.3%	9.44%
1998	9.7%	8.91%
1999	9.1%	8.4%
2000	8.54%	7.92%
2001	8.01%	7.48%
2002	7.53%	7.06%
2003	7.09%	6.69%
2004	6.69%	6.35%
2005	6.32%	6.04%
2006	5.98%	5.76%
2007	5.67%	5.51%
2008	5.39%	5.27%
2009	5.13%	5.05%
2010	4.89%	4.83%
2011	4.67%	4.62%
2012	4.47%	4.41%
2013	4.27%	4.21%
2014	4.07%	4.01%
2015	3.88%	3.82%
2016	3.69%	3.64%
2017	3.52%	3.46%
2018	3.37%	3.3%
2019	3.24%	3.14%
2020	3.15%	2.99%
2021	3.1%	2.86%
2022	3.07%	2.75%
2023	3.06%	2.65%