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Population in Poland compared to Russia: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank team

The latest officially reported population of Poland was 36,559,233 in 2024 vs 143,533,851 people in Russia in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Poland's population is 35,806,942 people compared to 141,906,741 in Russia.

Population statistics:

  • Russia's population is 3.96 times bigger than Poland's.
  • Poland is ranked the 47th most populous country in the world, while Russia is the 9th.
  • The countries together account for 2.14% of the world: 0.43% for Poland vs 1.71% for Russia.
  • For the last 10 years, Poland has had an average growth rate of -0.36% per year vs -0.02% in Russia.
  • Since 2006, the population of Poland has decreased from 38.1M people to 35.8M (6.12% decline), while Russia has declined from 143M to 142M (0.8% decline).

Poland vs Russia: population by year and forecast

Poland
Factual

Projection
Russia
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Poland Russia
2100 18,350,017 124,983,377
2099 18,541,227 125,086,144
2098 18,733,999 125,186,329
2097 18,928,169 125,264,415
2096 19,125,003 125,354,177
2095 19,323,203 125,422,006
2094 19,525,085 125,474,373
2093 19,730,030 125,529,632
2092 19,938,529 125,604,261
2091 20,151,135 125,652,742
2090 20,368,308 125,707,894
2089 20,589,970 125,760,026
2088 20,817,398 125,810,124
2087 21,050,137 125,858,116
2086 21,288,179 125,926,035
2085 21,531,674 126,001,913
2084 21,780,998 126,076,414
2083 22,036,816 126,151,046
2082 22,298,479 126,234,371
2081 22,565,373 126,317,768
2080 22,836,875 126,414,511
2079 23,113,773 126,534,688
2078 23,393,434 126,674,591
2077 23,679,569 126,830,956
2076 23,968,050 126,982,766
2075 24,259,763 127,165,304
2074 24,554,480 127,362,143
2073 24,852,006 127,576,856
2072 25,149,886 127,802,632
2071 25,447,869 128,080,998
2070 25,745,140 128,353,977
2069 26,042,079 128,642,208
2068 26,337,963 128,920,237
2067 26,632,110 129,203,483
2066 26,923,643 129,511,983
2065 27,211,946 129,842,007
2064 27,497,263 130,177,089
2063 27,778,871 130,522,107
2062 28,055,433 130,851,664
2061 28,328,948 131,200,160
2060 28,597,687 131,526,812
2059 28,864,377 131,884,461
2058 29,125,961 132,247,211
2057 29,384,759 132,584,941
2056 29,641,101 132,925,501
2055 29,893,868 133,271,436
2054 30,142,942 133,595,068
2053 30,389,214 133,914,243
2052 30,630,763 134,180,223
2051 30,871,146 134,443,510
2050 31,107,894 134,687,487
2049 31,341,718 134,909,323
2048 31,572,273 135,117,641
2047 31,800,868 135,311,492
2046 32,026,873 135,482,008
2045 32,250,757 135,664,379
2044 32,471,522 135,863,165
2043 32,690,423 136,085,277
2042 32,906,811 136,307,658
2041 33,118,473 136,557,818
2040 33,328,426 136,821,807
2039 33,535,096 137,122,219
2038 33,738,091 137,433,644
2037 33,936,906 137,770,811
2036 34,133,190 138,118,955
2035 34,323,827 138,478,809
2034 34,511,159 138,852,689
2033 34,693,880 139,237,595
2032 34,872,593 139,635,142
2031 35,046,775 140,058,187
2030 35,213,577 140,453,528
2029 35,374,919 140,840,370
2028 35,527,083 141,214,141
2027 35,671,012 141,580,416
2026 35,806,942 141,906,741
2025 36,233,346 142,772,403
2024 36,559,233 143,533,851
2023 36,687,353 143,826,130
2022 36,821,749 144,236,933
2021 36,981,559 144,746,762
2020 37,515,748 145,245,148
2019 37,965,475 145,453,291
2018 37,974,750 145,398,106
2017 37,974,826 145,293,260
2016 37,970,087 145,015,460
2015 37,986,412 144,640,716
2014 38,011,735 144,237,223
2013 38,040,196 143,805,638
2012 38,063,164 143,378,447
2011 38,063,255 143,018,195
2010 38,042,794 142,849,468
2009 38,151,603 142,785,348
2008 38,125,759 142,742,366
2007 38,120,560 142,805,114
2006 38,141,267 143,049,637
2005 38,165,445 143,518,814
2004 38,182,222 144,067,316
2003 38,204,570 144,648,618
2002 38,230,364 145,306,497
2001 38,248,076 145,976,482
2000 38,258,629 146,596,869
1999 38,660,271 147,214,776
1998 38,663,481 147,670,784
1997 38,649,660 147,915,361
1996 38,624,370 148,160,129
1995 38,594,998 148,375,787
1994 38,542,652 148,407,912
1993 38,461,408 148,458,777
1992 38,363,667 148,538,197
1991 38,246,193 148,394,216
1990 38,110,782 147,969,406
1989 37,961,529 147,721,000
1988 37,824,487 146,857,000
1987 37,668,045 145,908,000
1986 37,456,119 144,894,000
1985 37,201,885 143,858,000
1984 36,904,134 142,745,000
1983 36,571,808 141,668,000
1982 36,230,481 140,823,000
1981 35,898,587 139,941,000
1980 35,574,150 139,010,000
1979 35,247,217 138,027,000
1978 34,965,600 137,060,000
1977 34,689,050 136,100,000
1976 34,356,300 135,147,000
1975 34,015,199 134,200,000
1974 33,678,899 133,432,000
1973 33,357,200 132,669,000
1972 33,055,650 131,909,000
1971 32,783,500 131,155,000
1970 32,664,300 130,404,000
1969 32,548,300 129,664,000
1968 32,294,655 128,928,000
1967 31,987,155 128,196,000
1966 31,681,000 127,468,000
1965 31,444,950 126,745,000
1964 31,139,450 125,345,000
1963 30,712,000 123,960,000
1962 30,308,500 122,591,000
1961 29,964,000 121,236,000
1960 29,637,450 119,897,000

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/poland/russia | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Poland decreased by 171,180 people (a 0.45% decline), while Russia gained 1,965,823 people (a 1.37% growth).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Poland lost 2,163,145 people (a 5.7% decline), while Russia's population decreased by 3,108,719 people (a 2.14% decline).

Poland was ranked 32nd most populous country in 2006 and is 47th in 2026. Russia was ranked 9th in 2006 and still ranked 9th now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Poland's population will shrink by 13.1% to 31,107,894 people with a rank change from 47th to 62nd. The population of Russia will decrease by 5.09% to 134,687,487 people and rank change from 9th to 14th.

Both countries are in a period of decline and in 50 years are projected to lose 33.1% of the population in Poland and 10.5% in Russia.

Population growth rate by year

Poland
Factual

Projection
Russia
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Poland Russia
2100 -1.03% -0.08%
2099 -1.03% -0.08%
2098 -1.03% -0.06%
2097 -1.03% -0.07%
2096 -1.03% -0.05%
2095 -1.03% -0.04%
2094 -1.04% -0.04%
2093 -1.05% -0.06%
2092 -1.06% -0.04%
2091 -1.07% -0.04%
2090 -1.08% -0.04%
2089 -1.09% -0.04%
2088 -1.11% -0.04%
2087 -1.12% -0.05%
2086 -1.13% -0.06%
2085 -1.14% -0.06%
2084 -1.16% -0.06%
2083 -1.17% -0.07%
2082 -1.18% -0.07%
2081 -1.19% -0.08%
2080 -1.2% -0.09%
2079 -1.2% -0.11%
2078 -1.21% -0.12%
2077 -1.2% -0.12%
2076 -1.2% -0.14%
2075 -1.2% -0.15%
2074 -1.2% -0.17%
2073 -1.18% -0.18%
2072 -1.17% -0.22%
2071 -1.15% -0.21%
2070 -1.14% -0.22%
2069 -1.12% -0.22%
2068 -1.1% -0.22%
2067 -1.08% -0.24%
2066 -1.06% -0.25%
2065 -1.04% -0.26%
2064 -1.01% -0.26%
2063 -0.99% -0.25%
2062 -0.97% -0.27%
2061 -0.94% -0.25%
2060 -0.92% -0.27%
2059 -0.9% -0.27%
2058 -0.88% -0.25%
2057 -0.86% -0.26%
2056 -0.85% -0.26%
2055 -0.83% -0.24%
2054 -0.81% -0.24%
2053 -0.79% -0.2%
2052 -0.78% -0.2%
2051 -0.76% -0.18%
2050 -0.75% -0.16%
2049 -0.73% -0.15%
2048 -0.72% -0.14%
2047 -0.71% -0.13%
2046 -0.69% -0.13%
2045 -0.68% -0.15%
2044 -0.67% -0.16%
2043 -0.66% -0.16%
2042 -0.64% -0.18%
2041 -0.63% -0.19%
2040 -0.62% -0.22%
2039 -0.6% -0.23%
2038 -0.59% -0.24%
2037 -0.58% -0.25%
2036 -0.56% -0.26%
2035 -0.54% -0.27%
2034 -0.53% -0.28%
2033 -0.51% -0.28%
2032 -0.5% -0.3%
2031 -0.47% -0.28%
2030 -0.46% -0.27%
2029 -0.43% -0.26%
2028 -0.4% -0.26%
2027 -0.38% -0.23%
2026 -1.18% -0.61%
2025 -0.89% -0.53%
2024 -0.35% -0.2%
2023 -0.36% -0.28%
2022 -0.43% -0.35%
2021 -1.42% -0.34%
2020 -1.18% -0.14%
2019 -0.02% 0.04%
2018 -0% 0.07%
2017 0.01% 0.19%
2016 -0.04% 0.26%
2015 -0.07% 0.28%
2014 -0.07% 0.3%
2013 -0.06% 0.3%
2012 -0% 0.25%
2011 0.05% 0.12%
2010 -0.29% 0.04%
2009 0.07% 0.03%
2008 0.01% -0.04%
2007 -0.05% -0.17%
2006 -0.06% -0.33%
2005 -0.04% -0.38%
2004 -0.06% -0.4%
2003 -0.07% -0.45%
2002 -0.05% -0.46%
2001 -0.03% -0.42%
2000 -1.04% -0.42%
1999 -0.008% -0.31%
1998 0.04% -0.17%
1997 0.07% -0.17%
1996 0.08% -0.15%
1995 0.14% -0.02%
1994 0.21% -0.03%
1993 0.25% -0.05%
1992 0.31% 0.1%
1991 0.36% 0.29%
1990 0.39% 0.17%
1989 0.36% 0.59%
1988 0.42% 0.65%
1987 0.57% 0.7%
1986 0.68% 0.72%
1985 0.81% 0.78%
1984 0.91% 0.76%
1983 0.94% 0.6%
1982 0.92% 0.63%
1981 0.91% 0.67%
1980 0.93% 0.71%
1979 0.81% 0.71%
1978 0.8% 0.71%
1977 0.97% 0.71%
1976 1% 0.71%
1975 1% 0.58%
1974 0.96% 0.58%
1973 0.91% 0.58%
1972 0.83% 0.57%
1971 0.36% 0.58%
1970 0.36% 0.57%
1969 0.79% 0.57%
1968 0.96% 0.57%
1967 0.97% 0.57%
1966 0.75% 0.57%
1965 0.98% 1.12%
1964 1.39% 1.12%
1963 1.33% 1.12%
1962 1.15% 1.12%
1961 1.1% 1.12%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/poland/russia | CC BY

In 2024, the population of Poland declined by 0.35%, while Russia's population declined by 0.2%.

Live population counters

Poland Russia
Current population
35806942
141906741
Population rank 47/197 9/197
Percent of world population 0.43% 1.71%
One net population change
4.1 minutes
1.8 minutes
One birth every
1.94 minutes
25.5 seconds
One death every
1.29 minutes
18.1 seconds
Daily growth/decline -351 -801
Annual growth/decline -128,120 -292,279
Annual growth/decline rate -0.35% -0.2%
Population growth rate rank 181/197 177/197
One migration net change every
1.59 minutes
2.09 minutes
Annual migration change -330,820 -251,822
Net migration rank 191/196 187/196
Foreign-born residents 1,739,901 7,605,774
Foreign-born residents rank 41/195 10/195
Foreign-born share of population 4.5% 5.3%
Foreign-born share rank 97/195 91/195

Natural population change vs migration

Poland
Natural

Migration
Russia
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Poland Russia
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - -330,820 - -251,822
2024 - -238,062 - -178,042
2023 -135,743 -7,824 -503,392 27,807
2022 -143,605 967,744 -576,948 765,629
2021 -184,907 2,251 -1,027,702 314,112
2020 -120,050 3,920 -697,177 334,094
2019 -34,169 7,696 -319,997 336,494
2018 -26,582 -223 -232,637 339,972
2017 0 -21,535 -130,764 396,619
2016 -3,797 -5,675 0 447,645
2015 -26,590 3,887 43,392 384,756
2014 0 5,525 28,848 264,698
2013 -19,020 12,402 28,761 289,872
2012 0 4,635 0 285,977
2011 11,419 45,951 -128,716 309,377
2010 38,043 119,623 -242,844 307,555
2009 30,521 -8,283 -257,014 350,206
2008 34,313 -42,288 -356,856 360,840
2007 11,436 -51,235 -471,257 365,717
2006 3,814 -68,882 -686,638 308,370
2005 -3,817 -41,942 -846,761 263,541
2004 -7,637 -38,216 -792,370 261,519
2003 -15,281 -19,039 -896,822 256,804
2002 -3,823 -16,462 -944,492 1,358,944
2001 3,825 -16,648 -963,445 259,614
2000 11,478 -15,921 -967,540 550,401
1999 0 -53,035 -927,453 375,468
1998 19,332 -39,509 -694,053 528,135
1997 34,785 -44,230 -769,159 541,387
1996 42,487 -45,349 -785,248 587,171
1995 46,314 -52,989 -845,742 723,875
1994 96,357 -41,845 -920,129 1,271,417
1993 103,846 -48,805 -757,140 507,229
1992 118,928 -46,893 -222,808 -1,129,589
1991 141,511 -55,342 103,876 125,505
1990 160,066 -50,339 325,533 299,863
1989 182,215 -49,192 576,112 89,400
1988 215,599 -101,671 778,343 269,862
1987 226,008 -32,310 977,583 275,611
1986 258,448 -22,520 985,279 283,553
1985 297,615 -27,277 762,447 280,614
1984 332,137 -18,402 756,548 247,026
1983 373,032 -26,724 906,676 200,159
1982 369,551 -34,980 830,855 107,520
1981 351,806 -16,155 713,700 36,686
1980 348,627 -42,420 681,149 10,440
1979 366,571 -22,162 690,135 -5,791
1978 339,166 -62,936 812,766 108,882
1977 353,828 -33,496 832,932 122,316
1976 367,612 -25,716 852,237 113,851
1975 350,356 -31,346 843,850 80,069
1974 346,893 -18,273 883,186 -51,759
1973 320,229 -29,335 846,561 -107,568
1972 314,028 -15,004 872,050 -111,168
1971 278,660 -31,767 854,999 -134,968
1970 280,913 -66,859 785,554 -264,464
1969 270,151 -26,744 753,088 -64,643
1968 280,963 -11,905 787,621 -83,221
1967 275,089 -25,479 854,554 -116,029
1966 297,801 -17,158 989,279 -111,360
1965 314,450 -21,658 1,059,335 -138,078
1964 326,965 -23,273 1,233,520 -148,595
1963 359,330 -13,770 1,436,077 -168,649
1962 360,671 -31,021 1,573,701 -177,358
1961 398,521 -20,044 1,810,538 -204,349
1960 444,562 -6,306 1,962,834 -234,895

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/poland/russia | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 41.4% of the population change in Poland is from natural causes (a loss of 675,443 people) and 58.6% is from migration (a gain of 955,766 people). In Russia 48.6% is from natural causes (a loss of 3,416,377 people) and 51.4% is from migration (a gain of 3,611,826 people).

As of 2024, 1,739,901 residents or 4.5% of the population were not native-born in Poland, compared to 7,605,774 people or 5.3% in Russia.

Biggest cities by population

Poland
City Population
Warsaw 1.86M
Krakow 804K
Wroclaw 674K
Lodz 649K
Poznan 547K
Gdansk 488K
Szczecin 388K
Lublin 335K
Bydgoszcz 325K
Bialystok 290K
Russia
City Population
Moscow 13.3M
Saint Petersburg 5.65M
Novosibirsk 1.64M
Yekaterinburg 1.47M
Kazan 1.33M
Nizhny Novgorod 1.2M
Chelyabinsk 1.18M
Krasnodar 1.15M
Samara 1.15M
Ufa 1.14M

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/population/poland/russia | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  5. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)

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