Greece has a GDP of $281B compared to $347B for Portugal, ranking 52/197 and 46/197 by economy size, respectively.
Greece has $409B in government debt (145.7% of GDP), compared to $312B (89.9% of GDP) in Portugal.
Greece vs Portugal GDP by year
| Year | GDP, current $ | |
|---|---|---|
Greece
|
Portugal
|
|
| 2025 | $280,635,521,324 | $346,639,825,142 |
| 2024 | $256,238,371,778 | $313,656,884,871 |
| 2023 | $242,946,187,738 | $292,323,800,949 |
| 2022 | $217,990,189,601 | $256,898,677,175 |
| 2021 | $218,303,801,895 | $256,055,879,091 |
| 2020 | $191,362,985,555 | $229,618,773,423 |
| 2019 | $207,305,649,887 | $240,115,970,063 |
| 2018 | $213,298,873,494 | $242,092,894,543 |
| 2017 | $200,381,103,984 | $220,862,990,767 |
| 2016 | $193,097,239,006 | $206,305,431,242 |
| 2015 | $194,567,373,678 | $199,038,523,120 |
| 2014 | $233,911,581,521 | $230,078,616,300 |
| 2013 | $236,556,279,641 | $226,677,408,292 |
| 2012 | $238,841,140,018 | $216,536,676,772 |
| 2011 | $283,228,079,776 | $245,426,767,676 |
| 2010 | $296,417,644,404 | $238,443,864,993 |
| 2009 | $326,829,054,686 | $244,667,762,836 |
| 2008 | $351,121,399,546 | $263,416,394,624 |
| 2007 | $314,226,996,944 | $240,496,147,317 |
| 2006 | $269,073,415,334 | $208,756,449,276 |
| 2005 | $242,315,668,619 | $197,253,876,705 |
| 2004 | $234,979,615,898 | $189,382,122,532 |
| 2003 | $196,930,509,813 | $165,226,175,537 |
| 2002 | $150,253,800,086 | $134,795,565,549 |
| 2001 | $132,050,474,720 | $121,604,107,165 |
| 2000 | $125,760,166,225 | $118,605,192,877 |
| 1999 | $137,131,371,955 | $127,470,385,557 |
| 1998 | $139,612,812,176 | $123,946,327,916 |
| 1997 | $138,766,067,640 | $117,016,535,163 |
| 1996 | $142,502,984,145 | $122,630,089,680 |
| 1995 | $134,974,613,914 | $118,122,007,430 |
| 1994 | $114,980,063,202 | $99,688,641,304 |
| 1993 | $107,295,704,518 | $95,009,751,901 |
| 1992 | $114,608,178,405 | $107,592,098,307 |
| 1991 | $103,680,863,713 | $89,233,599,278 |
| 1990 | $96,529,587,274 | $78,713,860,217 |
| 1989 | $78,067,933,277 | $60,594,092,182 |
| 1988 | $75,200,610,137 | $56,347,250,696 |
| 1987 | $64,739,630,096 | $48,182,925,857 |
| 1986 | $55,595,445,472 | $38,745,901,354 |
| 1985 | $47,155,741,426 | $27,115,807,742 |
| 1984 | $47,352,146,312 | $25,217,969,050 |
| 1983 | $48,741,397,059 | $27,239,650,742 |
| 1982 | $53,858,346,939 | $30,527,754,793 |
| 1981 | $51,618,456,335 | $31,977,276,873 |
| 1980 | $56,039,256,595 | $32,896,519,824 |
| 1979 | $53,724,121,435 | $26,622,819,672 |
| 1978 | $43,654,480,519 | $23,487,614,051 |
| 1977 | $35,673,080,481 | $21,439,523,311 |
| 1976 | $30,719,552,239 | $20,332,831,565 |
| 1975 | $28,129,128,587 | $19,347,607,843 |
| 1974 | $24,998,715,909 | $17,512,391,476 |
| 1973 | $22,037,019,563 | $15,090,564,186 |
| 1972 | $16,650,659,091 | $11,239,117,865 |
| 1971 | $14,388,806,818 | $9,201,604,240 |
| 1970 | $12,957,113,636 | $8,108,235,704 |
| 1969 | $11,454,106,327 | $7,287,555,035 |
| 1968 | $9,950,331,206 | $6,644,693,214 |
| 1967 | $9,146,592,856 | $6,002,607,030 |
| 1966 | $8,472,021,467 | $5,370,108,031 |
| 1965 | $7,582,209,670 | $4,901,711,248 |
| 1964 | $6,576,906,345 | $4,429,202,657 |
| 1963 | $5,813,285,627 | $4,084,251,593 |
| 1962 | $5,140,542,929 | $3,835,883,663 |
| 1961 | $4,892,397,431 | $3,573,719,085 |
| 1960 | $4,274,890,307 | $3,339,150,158 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/greece/portugal | CC BY 
GDP per capita in Greece vs Portugal by year
| Year | Current $ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Greece
|
Portugal
|
|||
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2025 | $26,948 | - | $32,082 | - |
| 2024 | $24,626 | $44,327 | $29,328 | $51,680 |
| 2023 | $23,344 | $42,711 | $27,635 | $49,353 |
| 2022 | $20,885 | $39,612 | $24,621 | $45,250 |
| 2021 | $20,653 | $33,531 | $24,711 | $38,658 |
| 2020 | $17,887 | $29,533 | $22,299 | $35,967 |
| 2019 | $19,335 | $31,927 | $23,343 | $37,866 |
| 2018 | $19,873 | $29,792 | $23,541 | $34,897 |
| 2017 | $18,632 | $28,682 | $21,442 | $32,971 |
| 2016 | $17,919 | $27,505 | $19,980 | $31,589 |
| 2015 | $17,981 | $26,608 | $19,216 | $29,608 |
| 2014 | $21,475 | $26,450 | $22,121 | $28,765 |
| 2013 | $21,573 | $25,731 | $21,676 | $27,966 |
| 2012 | $21,624 | $24,583 | $20,593 | $26,476 |
| 2011 | $25,505 | $25,693 | $23,247 | $26,803 |
| 2010 | $26,653 | $27,839 | $22,552 | $27,292 |
| 2009 | $29,425 | $29,963 | $23,151 | $26,472 |
| 2008 | $31,696 | $30,441 | $24,949 | $26,666 |
| 2007 | $28,441 | $28,896 | $22,811 | $25,738 |
| 2006 | $24,416 | $28,076 | $19,839 | $24,677 |
| 2005 | $22,054 | $25,004 | $18,780 | $22,725 |
| 2004 | $21,449 | $24,826 | $18,064 | $21,476 |
| 2003 | $18,021 | $23,253 | $15,798 | $20,850 |
| 2002 | $13,782 | $21,985 | $12,937 | $20,357 |
| 2001 | $12,157 | $20,304 | $11,735 | $19,529 |
| 2000 | $11,638 | $18,820 | $11,526 | $18,883 |
| 1999 | $12,743 | $17,758 | $12,475 | $17,718 |
| 1998 | $13,023 | $17,434 | $12,199 | $16,688 |
| 1997 | $13,016 | $16,630 | $11,576 | $15,789 |
| 1996 | $13,433 | $15,778 | $12,185 | $14,922 |
| 1995 | $12,779 | $15,218 | $11,781 | $14,406 |
| 1994 | $10,937 | $14,667 | $9,977 | $13,578 |
| 1993 | $10,257 | $14,150 | $9,535 | $13,202 |
| 1992 | $11,021 | $14,130 | $10,811 | $13,182 |
| 1991 | $10,047 | $13,824 | $8,959 | $12,739 |
| 1990 | $9,467 | $13,126 | $7,885 | $11,780 |
| 1989 | $7,738 | - | $6,056 | - |
| 1988 | $7,492 | - | $5,624 | - |
| 1987 | $6,474 | - | $4,804 | - |
| 1986 | $5,578 | - | $3,862 | - |
| 1985 | $4,747 | - | $2,705 | - |
| 1984 | $4,785 | - | $2,523 | - |
| 1983 | $4,950 | - | $2,735 | - |
| 1982 | $5,502 | - | $3,080 | - |
| 1981 | $5,305 | - | $3,246 | - |
| 1980 | $5,812 | - | $3,368 | - |
| 1979 | $5,627 | - | $2,756 | - |
| 1978 | $4,629 | - | $2,457 | - |
| 1977 | $3,832 | - | $2,267 | - |
| 1976 | $3,343 | - | $2,173 | - |
| 1975 | $3,109 | - | $2,128 | - |
| 1974 | $2,789 | - | $2,000 | - |
| 1973 | $2,468 | - | $1,748 | - |
| 1972 | $1,873 | - | $1,302 | - |
| 1971 | $1,629 | - | $1,065 | - |
| 1970 | $1,474 | - | $934 | - |
| 1969 | $1,306 | - | $832 | - |
| 1968 | $1,138 | - | $752 | - |
| 1967 | $1,053 | - | $676 | - |
| 1966 | $984 | - | $601 | - |
| 1965 | $887 | - | $545 | - |
| 1964 | $773 | - | $490 | - |
| 1963 | $686 | - | $452 | - |
| 1962 | $608 | - | $426 | - |
| 1961 | $583 | - | $400 | - |
| 1960 | $513 | - | $377 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/greece/portugal | CC BY
Greece's GDP per capita is $26,948, ranking 50/197, compared to $32,082 in Portugal, ranking 43/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Greece ranks 52nd at $44,327, while Portugal ranks 42nd at $51,680.
Economic indicators
|
Greece
|
Portugal
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$281B
2025 |
$347B
2025 |
| GDP rank |
52/197
2025 |
46/197
2025 |
| GDP growth |
2.07%
2024-2025 |
1.86%
2024-2025 |
| GDP per capita |
$26,948
2025 |
$32,082
2025 |
| GDP per capita rank |
50/197
2025 |
43/197
2025 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$44,327
2024 |
$51,680
2024 |
| GDP per capita PPP rank |
52/197
2024 |
42/197
2024 |
| Government debt |
$409B
2025 |
$312B
2025 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
145.7%
2025 |
89.9%
2025 |
| Government debt per person |
$39,257
2025 |
$28,843
2025 |
| Government debt per person rank |
19/185
2025 |
26/185
2025 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$14,117
2026 |
$16,647
2026 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$129B
2025 |
$61.9B
2018 |
| Number of millionaires |
82,000
2026 |
181,000
2026 |
| Number of billionaires |
16
2026 |
1
2026 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
26%
2023 |
26.9%
2023 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
2.7%
2023 |
2.7%
2023 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
49.7%
2025 |
43.7%
2025 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
2.48%
2024-2025 |
2.34%
2024-2025 |
| Unemployment rate |
8.84%
2025 |
6%
2025 |
| Population |
10371575
|
10788071
|
Spending and national debt comparison by year
| Year | % of GDP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Greece
|
Portugal
|
|||
| Government spending | Government debt | Government spending | Government debt | |
| 2025 | 49.7% | 145.7% | 43.7% | 89.9% |
| 2024 | 48.2% | 155.4% | 42.5% | 93.5% |
| 2023 | 49.6% | 165.5% | 41.9% | 96.9% |
| 2022 | 53.1% | 179.2% | 43.9% | 111.2% |
| 2021 | 56.7% | 197.8% | 47.3% | 123.9% |
| 2020 | 59.3% | 209.9% | 49.1% | 134.1% |
| 2019 | 47.6% | 183.7% | 42.5% | 116.1% |
| 2018 | 48.6% | 189.6% | 43.3% | 121.1% |
| 2017 | 48.5% | 182.6% | 45.5% | 126% |
| 2016 | 50.3% | 183.7% | 44.9% | 131.2% |
| 2015 | 51.9% | 180% | 48.2% | 131% |
| 2014 | 51.5% | 182.8% | 51.7% | 132.5% |
| 2013 | 53% | 180.5% | 50% | 130.8% |
| 2012 | 54.9% | 164.3% | 48.8% | 128.6% |
| 2011 | 55.1% | 175.1% | 50% | 114% |
| 2010 | 53.1% | 147.8% | 51.9% | 100.1% |
| 2009 | 54.8% | 128.5% | 50.3% | 87.8% |
| 2008 | 51.5% | 110.9% | 45.5% | 75.6% |
| 2007 | 47.8% | 104.6% | 44.6% | 72.7% |
| 2006 | 45.9% | 105.3% | 45.2% | 73.7% |
| 2005 | 46.6% | 109.9% | 46.7% | 72.2% |
| 2004 | 48.8% | 105.5% | 46% | 67.1% |
| 2003 | 47.9% | 104.3% | 45.3% | 63.9% |
| 2002 | 47.1% | 107.9% | 44.2% | 60% |
| 2001 | 47.5% | 110.5% | 44.1% | 57.4% |
| 2000 | 48.2% | 108.9% | 42.8% | 54.2% |
| 1999 | 48% | 102.8% | 42.5% | 55.4% |
| 1998 | 46.7% | 100.8% | 42.6% | 55.6% |
| 1997 | 45.1% | 102.6% | 42.4% | 58.7% |
| 1996 | 46.1% | 103.7% | 43% | 63.3% |
| 1995 | 46.6% | 100.4% | 42.6% | 62.2% |
| 1994 | 36.9% | 99.7% | 42.8% | 60.4% |
| 1993 | 38.6% | 101.7% | 46.5% | 57.2% |
| 1992 | 36.9% | 81.1% | 48.2% | 58.1% |
| 1991 | 35.2% | 75.7% | 45.9% | 63.9% |
| 1990 | 38.5% | 74.2% | 42.2% | 60.2% |
| 1989 | 34.8% | 60.7% | 36.2% | 55.4% |
| 1988 | 33.8% | 57.9% | 36.2% | 56.8% |
| 1987 | 34% | 53.2% | 37.5% | 57.2% |
| 1986 | 33.8% | 47.8% | 38.9% | 59.8% |
| 1985 | 34.2% | 47.3% | 37.5% | 59.4% |
| 1984 | 32% | 40.6% | 34.6% | 51.3% |
| 1983 | 30.2% | 34.1% | 34.7% | 46.7% |
| 1982 | 28.7% | 29.7% | 35.8% | 43% |
| 1981 | 28.1% | 27.1% | 35.3% | 39.3% |
| 1980 | 24.5% | 22.8% | 32.4% | 31% |
| 1979 | 24.1% | 22.7% | 30.8% | 35.2% |
| 1978 | 30.1% | 32.3% | 31.7% | 31.4% |
| 1977 | 30.1% | 24.5% | 35.1% | 26.9% |
| 1976 | 29.1% | 23.7% | 38.2% | 24.5% |
| 1975 | 28.7% | 24.1% | 31.9% | 19.2% |
| 1974 | 25.3% | 22.5% | 25.8% | 13.5% |
| 1973 | 24.3% | 22% | 25.7% | 13.6% |
| 1972 | 26.8% | 26.5% | 22.8% | 14.5% |
| 1971 | 25.8% | 25% | 15.5% | 15.7% |
| 1970 | 25.2% | 24.7% | 15.5% | 16.5% |
| 1969 | 29.7% | 25.8% | 14.9% | 16.8% |
| 1968 | 26.3% | 23% | 14.3% | 17.2% |
| 1967 | 24.6% | 21.1% | 14.1% | 18.5% |
| 1966 | 22.8% | 19% | 14.4% | 20.2% |
| 1965 | 21.7% | 16.5% | 13.4% | 20.4% |
| 1964 | 20.4% | 21.3% | 13.9% | 21.9% |
| 1963 | 19.5% | 22.6% | 14.6% | 20.8% |
| 1962 | 19.7% | 16.6% | 14.5% | 18.7% |
| 1961 | 19.3% | 14.4% | 14.6% | 17.1% |
| 1960 | 20% | 13.4% | 14.3% | 16.4% |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/greece/portugal | CC BY
In 2025, Greece's government spending was $139B, accounting for 49.7% of its GDP, while Portugal spent $152B, or 43.7% of GDP.
Debt-to-GDP ratio is 145.7% in Greece and 89.9% in Portugal, ranking 7/185 and 30/185, respectively.
Government deficit by year
| Year | Deficit/surplus, % of GDP | |
|---|---|---|
|
Greece
|
Portugal
|
|
| 2025 | 1.26% | 0.31% |
| 2024 | 1.23% | 0.5% |
| 2023 | -1.44% | 1.26% |
| 2022 | -2.57% | -0.31% |
| 2021 | -7.76% | -2.83% |
| 2020 | -10.4% | -5.75% |
| 2019 | -0.09% | 0.12% |
| 2018 | 0.78% | -0.43% |
| 2017 | 1.05% | -3% |
| 2016 | 0.28% | -1.94% |
| 2015 | -3.03% | -4.37% |
| 2014 | -4.29% | -7.32% |
| 2013 | -4.06% | -5.21% |
| 2012 | -6.94% | -6.2% |
| 2011 | -10.5% | -7.73% |
| 2010 | -11.4% | -11.4% |
| 2009 | -15.4% | -9.87% |
| 2008 | -10.3% | -3.81% |
| 2007 | -6.81% | -2.91% |
| 2006 | -6.04% | -4.06% |
| 2005 | -6.33% | -6.05% |
| 2004 | -9.05% | -5.91% |
| 2003 | -8.05% | -5.57% |
| 2002 | -6.2% | -3.7% |
| 2001 | -5.64% | -4.68% |
| 2000 | -4.21% | -3.32% |
| 1999 | -6.02% | -2.93% |
| 1998 | -6.48% | -4.3% |
| 1997 | -6.25% | -3.65% |
| 1996 | -8.35% | -4.63% |
| 1995 | -9.87% | -5.14% |
| 1994 | -8.48% | -7.37% |
| 1993 | -11.5% | -8.06% |
| 1992 | -10.6% | -5.19% |
| 1991 | -9.63% | -7.93% |
| 1990 | -13.3% | -6.82% |
| 1989 | -11.9% | -2.86% |
| 1988 | -9.63% | -3.52% |
| 1987 | -8.09% | -6.79% |
| 1986 | -8.62% | -7.45% |
| 1985 | -9.56% | -8.35% |
| 1984 | -7.19% | -5.23% |
| 1983 | -6.17% | -4.86% |
| 1982 | -5.49% | -7.02% |
| 1981 | -7.08% | -8.34% |
| 1980 | -2.5% | -6.92% |
| 1979 | -2.34% | -6.08% |
| 1978 | -5.39% | -7.15% |
| 1977 | -5.21% | -7.5% |
| 1976 | -5.05% | -10.2% |
| 1975 | -5.3% | -7.1% |
| 1974 | -4.39% | -3.2% |
| 1973 | -3.71% | -5.39% |
| 1972 | -4.16% | -7.72% |
| 1971 | -3.32% | -0.23% |
| 1970 | -3.24% | -0.24% |
| 1969 | -6.65% | -1.53% |
| 1968 | -3.39% | -1.24% |
| 1967 | -2.59% | -0.46% |
| 1966 | -2.17% | -2% |
| 1965 | -2.55% | -0.03% |
| 1964 | -2.89% | -1.93% |
| 1963 | -2.25% | -3.33% |
| 1962 | -2.4% | -1.69% |
| 1961 | -2.69% | -3.17% |
| 1960 | -3.3% | -3.13% |
| 1959 | -2.77% | -1.73% |
| 1958 | -2.27% | -0.52% |
| 1957 | -2.45% | 0.08% |
| 1956 | -0.39% | -0.18% |
| 1955 | -3.57% | -0.31% |
| 1954 | -2.87% | -0.58% |
| 1953 | -3.01% | -0.35% |
| 1952 | -7.21% | -0.34% |
| 1951 | -11.5% | 0.94% |
| 1950 | -12.7% | -0.83% |
| 1949 | -10.4% | -0.46% |
| 1948 | -7.65% | -2.04% |
| 1947 | - | -1.65% |
| 1946 | - | -2.32% |
| 1945 | - | -2.38% |
| 1944 | - | -1.44% |
| 1943 | - | 0.03% |
| 1942 | - | -0.35% |
| 1941 | - | -0.08% |
| 1940 | - | -1.74% |
| 1939 | 0.48% | -0.73% |
| 1938 | 1.78% | -0.08% |
| 1937 | 1.06% | -0.09% |
| 1936 | 0.95% | 0.08% |
| 1935 | 0.72% | 0.75% |
| 1934 | 0.88% | 0.6% |
| 1933 | -2.79% | -0.07% |
| 1932 | -1.78% | -0.03% |
| 1931 | -4% | 0.04% |
| 1930 | -2.23% | 0.79% |
| 1929 | -18.7% | 1.86% |
| 1928 | -0.27% | 0.2% |
| 1927 | 2.65% | -2.27% |
| 1926 | - | -4.21% |
| 1925 | - | -1.48% |
| 1924 | - | -3.16% |
| 1923 | - | -3.47% |
| 1922 | - | -10% |
| 1921 | - | -6.5% |
| 1920 | - | -5.66% |
| 1919 | - | -8.83% |
| 1918 | - | -8.3% |
| 1917 | - | -5.49% |
| 1916 | - | - |
| 1915 | - | - |
| 1914 | - | - |
| 1913 | -8.96% | -0.34% |
| 1912 | -7.43% | -0.02% |
| 1911 | -4.61% | -0.73% |
| 1910 | -1.53% | -0.19% |
| 1909 | -2.64% | -0.82% |
| 1908 | -1.54% | -0.56% |
| 1907 | -1.23% | -0.69% |
| 1906 | 0.66% | -0.45% |
| 1905 | 0.91% | -0.75% |
| 1904 | -0.04% | -0.26% |
| 1903 | -0.22% | -0.91% |
| 1902 | -1.67% | -0.5% |
| 1901 | 0.1% | -0.69% |
| 1900 | 0.41% | -0.35% |
| 1899 | 0.86% | -0.77% |
| 1898 | -34.5% | -0.5% |
| 1897 | -8.46% | -0.93% |
| 1896 | 0.82% | -1.35% |
| 1895 | 0.37% | -0.2% |
| 1894 | 2.91% | -0.16% |
| 1893 | 0.14% | -0.02% |
| 1892 | -2.28% | -0.8% |
| 1891 | -6.48% | -2.15% |
| 1890 | -11.2% | -2.01% |
| 1889 | -15.7% | -1.95% |
| 1888 | -3.59% | -2.14% |
| 1887 | -4.88% | -0.67% |
| 1886 | -11.5% | -1.43% |
| 1885 | -12.1% | -1.68% |
| 1884 | -7.16% | -1.48% |
| 1883 | -2.42% | -1.1% |
| 1882 | -1.69% | -0.39% |
| 1881 | -14.5% | -1.2% |
| 1880 | -13.5% | -1.63% |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/greece/portugal | CC BY
In 2025, Greece's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $3.53B, equivalent to 1.26% of GDP. This compares to Portugal's surplus of $1.07B, or 0.31% of GDP.
Over the past 66 years, Greece recorded a fiscal deficit in 61 of those years, while Portugal ran a deficit in 62 years. On average, Greece posted an annual deficit equal to 5.69% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.47% of GDP for Portugal.
Inflation comparison by year
| Year | Consumer prices inflation | |
|---|---|---|
|
Greece
|
Portugal
|
|
| 2025 | 2.48% | 2.34% |
| 2024 | 2.74% | 2.42% |
| 2023 | 3.46% | 4.31% |
| 2022 | 9.65% | 7.83% |
| 2021 | 1.22% | 1.27% |
| 2020 | -1.25% | -0.01% |
| 2019 | 0.25% | 0.34% |
| 2018 | 0.63% | 0.99% |
| 2017 | 1.12% | 1.37% |
| 2016 | -0.83% | 0.61% |
| 2015 | -1.74% | 0.49% |
| 2014 | -1.31% | -0.28% |
| 2013 | -0.92% | 0.27% |
| 2012 | 1.5% | 2.77% |
| 2011 | 3.33% | 3.65% |
| 2010 | 4.71% | 1.4% |
| 2009 | 1.21% | -0.84% |
| 2008 | 4.15% | 2.59% |
| 2007 | 2.9% | 2.45% |
| 2006 | 3.2% | 3.11% |
| 2005 | 3.55% | 2.28% |
| 2004 | 2.9% | 2.37% |
| 2003 | 3.53% | 3.22% |
| 2002 | 3.63% | 3.6% |
| 2001 | 3.37% | 4.37% |
| 2000 | 3.15% | 2.85% |
| 1999 | 2.64% | 2.34% |
| 1998 | 4.77% | 2.57% |
| 1997 | 5.54% | 2.34% |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/greece/portugal | CC BY
Over the past 29 years, Greece has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.4%, compared with 2.17% in Portugal. In 2025, inflation was 2.48% in Greece and 2.34% in Portugal.
Top exports between countries
|
Greece
|
|
|---|---|
| Export category | Export value |
| Transport & tourism services | $158M |
| Chemicals & pharma | $138M |
| Raw materials & minerals | $44.4M |
| Animal & marine products | $42.2M |
| Machinery & equipment | $30.6M |
| Metals | $28.8M |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $26.9M |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $21M |
| Business & finance services | $11M |
| Raw agricultural goods | $6.91M |
|
Portugal
|
|
|---|---|
| Export category | Export value |
| Transport & tourism services | $86.6M |
| Machinery & equipment | $71.2M |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $40.5M |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $38.8M |
| Chemicals & pharma | $36.2M |
| Wood & paper products | $35.9M |
| Metals | $26M |
| Raw materials & minerals | $16.6M |
| Manufacturing & construction services | $13M |
| Business & finance services | $13M |
Balance of trade
|
Greece
|
Portugal
|
|
|---|---|---|
|
Current account balance
|
-$18.2B
2024 |
$6.51B
2024 |
| Current account balance ranking |
183/190
2024 |
30/190
2024 |
| Current account balance, % of GDP |
-7.11%
2024 |
+2.08%
2024 |
| Goods imports |
$91.2B
2024 |
$109B
2024 |
| Goods exports |
$52.6B
2024 |
$81.4B
2024 |
| Service imports |
$31.1B
2024 |
$27.9B
2024 |
| Service exports |
$55.8B
2024 |
$62.7B
2024 |
| Imports of goods and services, % of GDP |
44%
2025 |
42.7%
2025 |
| Exports of goods and services, % of GDP |
39.5%
2025 |
43.7%
2025 |
Economic freedom indices
The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.
|
Greece
|
Portugal
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 63.2 | 71.2 |
| Economic freedom ranking | 82/197 | 33/197 |
| Property rights | 78 | 88.9 |
| Government integrity | 54.8 | 63.4 |
| Judicial effectiveness | 68 | 90.1 |
| Tax burden | 59.9 | 60.6 |
| Government spending | 24.7 | 44.6 |
| Fiscal health | 78.9 | 82 |
| Business freedom | 77.8 | 83.1 |
| Labor freedom | 59.7 | 54.8 |
| Monetary freedom | 72.6 | 77.7 |
| Trade freedom | 79.4 | 79.4 |
| Investment freedom | 55 | 70 |
| Financial freedom | 50 | 60 |
Economic freedom comparison by year
| Year | Economic freedom index | |
|---|---|---|
|
Greece
|
Portugal
|
|
| 2026 | 63.2 | 71.2 |
| 2025 | 60.6 | 70.5 |
| 2024 | 55.1 | 68.7 |
| 2023 | 56.9 | 69.5 |
| 2022 | 61.5 | 70.8 |
| 2021 | 60.9 | 67.5 |
| 2020 | 59.9 | 67 |
| 2019 | 57.7 | 65.3 |
| 2018 | 57.3 | 63.4 |
| 2017 | 55 | 62.6 |
| 2016 | 53.2 | 65.1 |
| 2015 | 54 | 65.3 |
| 2014 | 55.7 | 63.5 |
| 2013 | 55.4 | 63.1 |
| 2012 | 55.4 | 63 |
| 2011 | 60.3 | 64 |
| 2010 | 62.7 | 64.4 |
| 2009 | 60.8 | 64.9 |
| 2008 | 60.6 | 63.9 |
| 2007 | 58.7 | 64 |
| 2006 | 60.1 | 62.9 |
| 2005 | 59 | 62.4 |
| 2004 | 59.1 | 64.9 |
| 2003 | 58.8 | 64.9 |
| 2002 | 59.1 | 65.4 |
| 2001 | 63.4 | 66 |
| 2000 | 61 | 65.5 |
| 1999 | 61 | 65.6 |
| 1998 | 60.6 | 65 |
| 1997 | 59.6 | 63.6 |
| 1996 | 60.5 | 64.5 |
| 1995 | 61.2 | 62.4 |
Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/greece/portugal | CC BY
The Economic Freedom Index for Greece is 63.2, ranking 82/197, compared to 71.2 for Portugal, ranking 33/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.
Other economic metrics
|
Greece
|
Portugal
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Services, % of GDP |
67.4%
2025 |
66.6%
2025 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
15.2%
2025 |
18.3%
2025 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
3.57%
2025 |
1.96%
2025 |
|
GNI, Atlas method
|
$264B
2025 |
$323B
2025 |
| GNI per capita, PPP |
$44,310
2025 |
$52,240
2025 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$24B
2025 |
$68.8B
2025 |
| Total reserves ranking |
63/177
2025 |
39/177
2025 |
|
Net foreign direct investment
|
-$4.52B
2024 |
-$6.64B
2024 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
$6.74B
2024 |
$13.5B
2024 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
$2.22B
2024 |
$6.84B
2024 |
| Poverty at national poverty lines |
18.8%
2021 |
16.4%
2021 |
|
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
|
17.2%
2025 |
21%
2025 |
GDP per capita map
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/greece/portugal | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- TradeMap (2023–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.
The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.
Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.