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Economy of Japan vs Kyrgyzstan compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Japan has a GDP of $4.03T compared to $17.5B for Kyrgyzstan, ranking 4/197 and 135/197 by economy size, respectively.

Japan has $9.51T in government debt (236.1% of GDP), compared to $6.56B (37.5% of GDP) in Kyrgyzstan.

Japan vs Kyrgyzstan GDP by year

Japan
Kyrgyzstan
1x
Year GDP, current $
Japan Kyrgyzstan
2024 $4,027,597,523,551 $17,478,259,659
2023 $4,213,167,237,906 $15,180,842,369
2022 $4,262,463,317,797 $12,134,931,018
2021 $5,039,148,168,861 $9,249,133,946
2020 $5,054,068,005,376 $8,270,468,614
2019 $5,117,993,853,017 $9,371,275,264
2018 $5,040,880,939,325 $8,271,106,235
2017 $4,930,837,369,151 $7,702,938,379
2016 $5,003,677,627,544 $6,813,095,379
2015 $4,444,930,651,964 $6,678,177,512
2014 $4,896,994,405,353 $7,468,102,413
2013 $5,212,328,181,166 $7,335,033,801
2012 $6,272,362,996,105 $6,605,142,884
2011 $6,233,147,172,341 $6,197,765,984
2010 $5,759,071,769,013 $4,794,361,863
2009 $5,289,493,117,994 $4,690,061,381
2008 $5,106,679,115,127 $5,139,958,909
2007 $4,579,750,920,355 $3,802,570,553
2006 $4,601,663,122,650 $2,834,168,889
2005 $4,831,467,035,390 $2,460,246,766
2004 $4,893,116,005,657 $2,211,534,585
2003 $4,519,561,645,254 $1,919,008,090
2002 $4,182,846,045,874 $1,605,643,105
2001 $4,374,711,694,091 $1,525,116,370
2000 $4,968,359,075,957 $1,369,688,498
1999 $4,635,982,224,064 $1,249,061,487
1998 $4,098,362,709,531 $1,645,963,750
1997 $4,492,448,605,639 $1,767,864,036
1996 $4,923,391,533,852 $1,827,570,586
1995 $5,545,563,663,890 $1,661,147,035
1994 $4,998,797,547,741 $1,681,780,847
1993 $4,536,940,479,038 $2,026,019,253
1992 $3,980,702,922,118 $2,315,346,943
1991 $3,648,065,760,649 $2,542,256,424
1990 $3,185,904,656,664 $2,660,202,623
1989 $3,109,455,047,824 -
1988 $3,125,724,434,401 -
1987 $2,580,748,422,781 -
1986 $2,120,083,812,110 -
1985 $1,427,019,759,717 -
1984 $1,345,824,500,837 -
1983 $1,270,859,919,743 -
1982 $1,158,731,426,906 -
1981 $1,245,221,410,764 -
1980 $1,129,377,244,854 -
1979 $1,077,910,077,676 -
1978 $1,035,611,588,217 -
1977 $737,069,290,928 -
1976 $598,883,902,156 -
1975 $532,861,438,885 -
1974 $490,035,789,970 -
1973 $441,460,582,536 -
1972 $324,933,841,269 -
1971 $245,364,056,622 -
1970 $217,223,652,719 -
1969 $184,298,841,305 -
1968 $156,897,496,759 -
1967 $132,475,614,227 -
1966 $113,046,784,179 -
1965 $97,338,107,606 -
1964 $87,490,590,818 -
1963 $74,379,284,603 -
1962 $64,987,857,542 -
1961 $57,266,758,180 -
1960 $47,419,238,274 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/kyrgyzstan | CC BY

GDP per capita in Japan vs Kyrgyzstan by year

Japan
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Kyrgyzstan
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Japan Kyrgyzstan
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $32,487 $52,039 $2,420 $8,012
2023 $33,836 $50,662 $2,138 $7,298
2022 $34,066 $47,192 $1,740 $6,578
2021 $40,095 $44,355 $1,350 $5,736
2020 $40,029 $42,426 $1,230 $5,179
2019 $40,416 $42,678 $1,422 $5,304
2018 $39,751 $42,142 $1,284 $4,778
2017 $38,834 $41,444 $1,221 $4,954
2016 $39,375 $40,597 $1,103 $4,604
2015 $34,961 $40,899 $1,106 $4,153
2014 $38,475 $39,555 $1,265 $4,228
2013 $40,899 $39,402 $1,270 $4,001
2012 $49,145 $37,606 $1,169 $3,589
2011 $48,760 $36,214 $1,117 $3,278
2010 $44,968 $35,336 $877 $3,076
2009 $41,309 $33,543 $870 $3,097
2008 $39,876 $35,274 $966 $3,031
2007 $35,779 $35,015 $722 $2,770
2006 $35,992 $33,632 $543 $2,508
2005 $37,813 $32,170 $477 $2,386
2004 $38,299 $30,832 $433 $2,343
2003 $35,387 $29,392 $381 $2,158
2002 $32,821 $28,624 $322 $1,998
2001 $34,406 $27,943 $308 $1,986
2000 $39,169 $27,288 $279.6 $1,862
1999 $36,610 $25,736 $258 $1,747
1998 $32,424 $25,508 $345 $1,687
1997 $35,638 $25,619 $376 $1,659
1996 $39,150 $24,999 $395 $1,505
1995 $44,198 $23,858 $364 $1,401
1994 $39,934 $22,823 $372 $1,466
1993 $36,345 $22,168 $449 $1,795
1992 $31,993 $21,825 $513 $2,075
1991 $29,428 $21,227 $570 $2,382
1990 $25,801 $19,912 $606 $2,544
1989 $25,266 - - -
1988 $25,500 - - -
1987 $21,142 - - -
1986 $17,452 - - -
1985 $11,809 - - -
1984 $11,207 - - -
1983 $10,652 - - -
1982 $9,780 - - -
1981 $10,583 - - -
1980 $9,669 - - -
1979 $9,301 - - -
1978 $9,012 - - -
1977 $6,473 - - -
1976 $5,310 - - -
1975 $4,776 - - -
1974 $4,448 - - -
1973 $4,061 - - -
1972 $3,031 - - -
1971 $2,321 - - -
1970 $2,101 - - -
1969 $1,803 - - -
1968 $1,553 - - -
1967 $1,326 - - -
1966 $1,144 - - -
1965 $994 - - -
1964 $903 - - -
1963 $776 - - -
1962 $685 - - -
1961 $609 - - -
1960 $509 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/kyrgyzstan | CC BY

Japan's GDP per capita is $32,487, ranking 38/197, compared to $2,420 in Kyrgyzstan, ranking 150/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Japan ranks 41st at $52,039, while Kyrgyzstan ranks 141st at $8,012.

Economic indicators

Japan Kyrgyzstan
Gross domestic product
$4.03T
2024
$17.5B
2024
GDP rank
4/197
2024
135/197
2024
GDP growth
0.1%
2023-2024
9.04%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$32,487
2024
$2,420
2024
GDP per capita rank
38/197
2024
150/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$52,039
2024
$8,012
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
41/197
2024
141/197
2024
Government debt
$9.51T
2024
$6.56B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
236.1%
2024
37.5%
2024
Government debt per person
$76,704
2024
$908
2024
Government debt per person rank
3/185
2024
144/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$23,653
2026
$4,187
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$6.31T
2024
n/a
Number of millionaires
2,732,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
42
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
23.9%
2020
23%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.4%
2020
4.3%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
39.1%
2024
33.7%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
2.74%
2023-2024
5%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
0.75%
2025
10%
2025
Unemployment rate
2.54%
2024
3.5%
2023
Population
122677250
7471102

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Japan
Spending

Debt
Kyrgyzstan
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Japan Kyrgyzstan
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 39.1% 236.1% 33.7% 37.5%
2023 39.2% 240.5% 32.9% 42%
2022 41.8% 248.2% 35% 46.8%
2021 42.5% 253.7% 32.1% 56.2%
2020 44.5% 258.4% 32.1% 63.6%
2019 37.3% 236.4% 30.8% 48.8%
2018 36.7% 232.4% 33.1% 54.8%
2017 36.7% 231.3% 37% 58.8%
2016 37.2% 232.4% 38.9% 59.1%
2015 37.3% 228.3% 38.1% 67.1%
2014 38.4% 233.3% 38.5% 53.6%
2013 38.8% 229.5% 38.1% 47.1%
2012 38.6% 226.1% 40.6% 50.5%
2011 38.6% 219.2% 37.4% 50.1%
2010 37.7% 205.9% 37.1% 59.7%
2009 38.7% 198.8% 32.5% 58.5%
2008 34.1% 180.9% 27.9% 49%
2007 33.1% 173% 29.6% 57.7%
2006 33.1% 174.1% 29.1% 73.4%
2005 33.5% 174.6% 29.1% 85.7%
2004 33.7% 169.5% 28.5% 92.7%
2003 35% 160% 28.1% 108.2%
2002 35.4% 154.1% 29.3% 107.9%
2001 35.2% 145.1% 28.1% 108.2%
2000 36% 135.6% 30.2% 123.3%
1999 35.6% 129.5% 35.9% 119.6%
1998 38.6% 116% 35.9% 85.1%
1997 33.1% 105% 31.1% 64.8%
1996 33.8% 98.1% 28.6% 57.7%
1995 33.4% 92.5% 37.9% 52.4%
1994 32.8% 84.4% - -
1993 32.1% 72.8% - -
1992 30.3% 66.8% - -
1991 29.3% 62.4% - -
1990 29.5% 63.2% - -
1989 29.2% 65.7% - -
1988 29.9% 71.9% - -
1987 30.6% 75.8% - -
1986 30.4% 74.1% - -
1985 30.4% 68.3% - -
1984 31.2% 65.6% - -
1983 31.8% 63.5% - -
1982 31.7% 57.7% - -
1981 31.5% 52.8% - -
1980 33.5% 47.8% - -
1979 33.2% 43.8% - -
1978 32.1% 39% - -
1977 30.4% 31.1% - -
1976 29.1% 26.1% - -
1975 28.5% 20.9% - -
1974 25.5% 16.7% - -
1973 23.3% 15.9% - -
1972 23.1% 16.3% - -
1971 21.8% 12.6% - -
1970 20.2% 11.2% - -
1969 19.8% 11.4% - -
1968 20.1% 11.8% - -
1967 19.9% 11.4% - -
1966 20.8% 11.2% - -
1965 20.4% 9.78% - -
1964 19.8% 8.53% - -
1963 20% 8.66% - -
1962 19.4% 9.01% - -
1961 18.2% 8.44% - -
1960 18.4% 10.4% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/kyrgyzstan | CC BY

In 2024, Japan's government spending was $1.57T, accounting for 39.1% of its GDP, while Kyrgyzstan spent $5.89B, or 33.7% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 236.1% in Japan and 37.5% in Kyrgyzstan, ranking 3/185 and 140/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Japan

Kyrgyzstan
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Japan Kyrgyzstan
2024 -1.53% 1.87%
2023 -2.26% 1.59%
2022 -4.21% -0.29%
2021 -6.13% -0.71%
2020 -9.08% -3.06%
2019 -3.04% -0.07%
2018 -2.47% -0.59%
2017 -3.1% -3.73%
2016 -3.6% -5.79%
2015 -3.68% -2.52%
2014 -5.62% -3.07%
2013 -7.61% -3.7%
2012 -8.2% -5.86%
2011 -8.99% -4.7%
2010 -9.08% -5.95%
2009 -9.69% 0.38%
2008 -4.11% 1.92%
2007 -2.9% 1.28%
2006 -3.03% -2.1%
2005 -4.44% -3.79%
2004 -5.31% -4.89%
2003 -7.43% -5.17%
2002 -7.34% -5.9%
2001 -6.2% -6.75%
2000 -7.28% -10.7%
1999 -6.75% -13.5%
1998 -10% -12%
1997 -3.53% -9.3%
1996 -4.87% -9.1%
1995 -4.3% -13.5%
1994 -3.76% -
1993 -2.39% -
1992 0.57% -
1991 1.67% -
1990 1.96% -
1989 1.23% -
1988 0.49% -
1987 -0.36% -
1986 -1.36% -
1985 -1.37% -
1984 -2.62% -
1983 -3.95% -
1982 -3.81% -
1981 -3.85% -
1980 -4.66% -
1979 -5% -
1978 -5.79% -
1977 -4.02% -
1976 -3.89% -
1975 -2.92% -
1974 0.38% -
1973 0.56% -
1972 -0.13% -
1971 1.21% -
1970 1.74% -
1969 1.26% -
1968 0.88% -
1967 0.8% -
1966 -0.34% -
1965 0.48% -
1964 0.85% -
1963 1.08% -
1962 1.49% -
1961 2.58% -
1960 1.85% -
1959 0.97% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 1.27% -
1956 1.39% -
1955 -0.67% -
1954 0.7% -
1953 1.65% -
1952 2.22% -
1951 5.06% -
1950 6.99% -
1949 12.5% -
1948 7.53% -
1947 6.09% -
1946 - -
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 0.32% -
1942 -0.13% -
1941 -0.19% -
1940 0.31% -
1939 0.11% -
1938 0.45% -
1937 0.71% -
1936 0.34% -
1935 0.26% -
1934 0.34% -
1933 0.28% -
1932 0.31% -
1931 0.23% -
1930 0.19% -
1929 0.5% -
1928 0.42% -
1927 0.58% -
1926 0.65% -
1925 0.75% -
1924 0.84% -
1923 0.87% -
1922 0.89% -
1921 1.43% -
1920 1.19% -
1919 1.21% -
1918 1.58% -
1917 1.54% -
1916 1.37% -
1915 1.41% -
1914 1.31% -
1913 1.21% -
1912 1.27% -
1911 1.21% -
1910 1.57% -
1909 1.51% -
1908 1.63% -
1907 1.77% -
1906 0.46% -
1905 -0.68% -
1904 -0.81% -
1903 0.19% -
1902 0.44% -
1901 0.21% -
1900 0.53% -
1899 0.2% -
1898 0.6% -
1897 0.33% -
1896 0.88% -
1895 0.28% -
1894 -0.24% -
1893 0.6% -
1892 0.63% -
1891 0.61% -
1890 0.74% -
1889 0.18% -
1888 0.13% -
1887 0.11% -
1886 0.03% -
1885 0.01% -
1884 0.001% -
1883 0.03% -
1882 0.001% -
1881 0.001% -
1880 0.004% -
1879 0.02% -
1878 0.02% -
1877 -0.29% -
1876 -0.42% -
1875 0.005% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1875–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/kyrgyzstan | CC BY

In 2024, Japan's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $61.6B, equivalent to 1.53% of GDP. This compares to Kyrgyzstan's surplus of $327M, or 1.87% of GDP.

Over the past 30 years, Japan recorded a fiscal deficit in 30 of those years, while Kyrgyzstan ran a deficit in 25 years. On average, Japan posted an annual deficit equal to 5.53% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.32% of GDP for Kyrgyzstan.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Japan

Kyrgyzstan
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Japan Kyrgyzstan
2024 2.74% 5%
2023 3.27% 10.8%
2022 2.5% 13.9%
2021 -0.23% 11.9%
2020 -0.02% 6.3%
2019 0.47% 1.1%
2018 0.99% 1.5%
2017 0.48% 3.2%
2016 -0.13% 0.4%
2015 0.8% 6.5%
2014 2.76% 7.5%
2013 0.34% 6.6%
2012 -0.04% 2.8%
2011 -0.27% 16.6%
2010 -0.73% 8%
2009 -1.35% 6.8%
2008 1.38% 24.5%
2007 0.06% 10.2%
2006 0.25% 5.6%
2005 -0.28% 4.3%
2004 -0.009% 4.1%
2003 -0.26% 3%
2002 -0.92% 2.1%
2001 -0.74% 6.9%
2000 -0.68% 19.7%
1999 -0.34% 35.9%
1998 0.66% 10.5%
1997 1.75% 23.4%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/kyrgyzstan | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Japan has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 0.44%, compared with 9.25% in Kyrgyzstan. In 2024, inflation was 2.74% in Japan and 5% in Kyrgyzstan.

Top exports between countries

Japan
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $26.6M
Miscellaneous $7.13M
Raw materials & minerals $6.94M
Chemicals & pharma $2.2M
Textiles & consumer goods $1.2M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $512K
Wood & paper products $84K
Metals $66K
Precious metals & jewellery $45K
Raw agricultural goods $10K
Kyrgyzstan
Export category Export value
Metals $313K
Animal & marine products $245K
Machinery & equipment $136K
Raw agricultural goods $118K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $39K
Textiles & consumer goods $39K
Raw materials & minerals $9K
Chemicals & pharma $1K
Wood & paper products $1K

Balance of trade

Japan Kyrgyzstan
Current account balance
$194B
2024
-$5.18B
2022
Current account balance ranking
3/190
2024
167/190
2022
Current account balance, % of GDP
+4.82%
2024
-42.7%
2022
Goods imports
$719B
2024
$9.17B
2022
Goods exports
$694B
2024
$2.25B
2022
Service imports
$246B
2024
$1.48B
2022
Service exports
$228B
2024
$1.37B
2022
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
23.6%
2024
84.2%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
22.8%
2024
43.4%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Japan Kyrgyzstan
Economic freedom 70.3 56
Economic freedom ranking 36/197 126/197
Property rights 94.2 22.9
Government integrity 81.1 23.9
Judicial effectiveness 97.9 8.3
Tax burden 63 93.2
Government spending 52 65.6
Fiscal health 41.7 97.2
Business freedom 77.8 58.2
Labor freedom 65.9 52.3
Monetary freedom 74.3 68
Trade freedom 76.2 72.6
Investment freedom 60 60
Financial freedom 60 50

Economic freedom comparison by year

Japan
Kyrgyzstan
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Japan Kyrgyzstan
2026 70.3 56
2025 70.2 55.6
2024 67.5 55.2
2023 69.3 55.8
2022 69.9 55.8
2021 74.1 63.7
2020 73.3 62.9
2019 72.1 62.3
2018 72.3 62.8
2017 69.6 61.1
2016 73.1 59.6
2015 73.3 61.3
2014 72.4 61.1
2013 71.8 59.6
2012 71.6 60.2
2011 72.8 61.1
2010 72.9 61.3
2009 72.8 61.8
2008 73 61.1
2007 72.7 60.2
2006 73.3 61
2005 67.3 56.6
2004 64.3 58
2003 67.6 56.8
2002 66.7 51.7
2001 70.9 53.7
2000 70.7 55.7
1999 69.1 54.8
1998 70.2 51.8
1997 70.3 -
1996 72.6 -
1995 75 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/kyrgyzstan | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Japan is 70.3, ranking 36/197, compared to 56 for Kyrgyzstan, ranking 126/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Japan Kyrgyzstan
Services, % of GDP
69.8%
2023
52.1%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
28.6%
2023
24.7%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
0.94%
2023
8.61%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$4.46T
2024
$15.8B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$55,490
2024
$7,900
2024
Total reserves including gold
$1.23T
2024
$5.09B
2024
Total reserves ranking
2/177
2024
100/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
$191B
2024
-$509M
2022
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$16.2B
2024
$705M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$203B
2024
$20M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
4.74%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
16.1%
2020
25.7%
2024
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
26.2%
2024
29.8%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/kyrgyzstan | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1875–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.