Fertility & birth rates in Eswatini and Sudan

Fertility rate in Eswatini vs Sudan chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Eswatini was 2.75 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.32 in Sudan in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Eswatini vs Sudan population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Eswatini	Sudan
1960	6.75	6.66
1961	6.77	6.66
1962	6.79	6.7
1963	6.8	6.76
1964	6.79	6.8
1965	6.79	6.84
1966	6.8	6.88
1967	6.77	6.91
1968	6.76	6.95
1969	6.76	6.97
1970	6.75	6.99
1971	6.74	7.02
1972	6.72	6.98
1973	6.72	6.94
1974	6.71	6.91
1975	6.71	6.87
1976	6.7	6.82
1977	6.68	6.78
1978	6.65	6.72
1979	6.61	6.65
1980	6.57	6.59
1981	6.54	6.53
1982	6.49	6.47
1983	6.43	6.41
1984	6.36	6.34
1985	6.28	6.28
1986	6.11	6.23
1987	5.9	6.18
1988	5.69	6.13
1989	5.48	6.11
1990	5.3	6.07
1991	5.13	6.05
1992	4.98	6.02
1993	4.82	5.97
1994	4.66	5.91
1995	4.52	5.86
1996	4.38	5.79
1997	4.24	5.72
1998	4.13	5.65
1999	4.09	5.62
2000	4.03	5.6
2001	3.94	5.56
2002	3.85	5.53
2003	3.8	5.49
2004	3.76	5.46
2005	3.7	5.4
2006	3.63	5.33
2007	3.58	5.27
2008	3.57	5.21
2009	3.5	5.17
2010	3.38	5.14
2011	3.32	5.09
2012	3.27	5.03
2013	3.24	4.97
2014	3.18	4.91
2015	3.12	4.9
2016	3.07	4.83
2017	3.02	4.76
2018	2.97	4.68
2019	2.93	4.62
2020	2.89	4.54
2021	2.84	4.46
2022	2.8	4.38
2023	2.75	4.32
2024	2.72	4.26
2025	2.68	4.19
2026	2.64	4.13
2027	2.61	4.06
2028	2.57	4
2029	2.54	3.95
2030	2.51	3.88
2031	2.49	3.82
2032	2.45	3.77
2033	2.42	3.7
2034	2.4	3.66
2035	2.37	3.6
2036	2.35	3.54
2037	2.32	3.49
2038	2.3	3.45
2039	2.28	3.4
2040	2.26	3.36
2041	2.24	3.32
2042	2.22	3.28
2043	2.2	3.24
2044	2.18	3.2
2045	2.16	3.17
2046	2.14	3.13
2047	2.13	3.1
2048	2.11	3.07
2049	2.1	3.03
2050	2.08	3

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Eswatini	Sudan
1960	46.9%	46.5%
1961	47.2%	46.6%
1962	47.4%	46.6%
1963	47.7%	46.7%
1964	47.8%	46.9%
1965	47.7%	47%
1966	47.7%	47.1%
1967	47.5%	47.2%
1968	47.3%	47.3%
1969	47.2%	47.4%
1970	47.2%	47.5%
1971	47.2%	47.6%
1972	47.3%	47.7%
1973	47.4%	47.9%
1974	47.5%	48.1%
1975	47.7%	48%
1976	47.9%	47.8%
1977	48.1%	47.7%
1978	48.3%	47.4%
1979	48.5%	47.1%
1980	48.7%	46.8%
1981	48.9%	46.6%
1982	49.2%	46.4%
1983	49.3%	46.3%
1984	49.4%	46.2%
1985	49.5%	46.1%
1986	49.4%	46.1%
1987	49.3%	46%
1988	48.7%	46%
1989	48.1%	46.1%
1990	47.6%	46.1%
1991	47.1%	46.2%
1992	46.6%	46.3%
1993	46.4%	46.3%
1994	47%	46.3%
1995	47.4%	46.3%
1996	46.9%	46.2%
1997	46.2%	46.2%
1998	45.3%	46.1%
1999	44.4%	45.9%
2000	43.6%	45.8%
2001	42.9%	45.7%
2002	42.3%	45.6%
2003	41.8%	45.6%
2004	41.4%	45.5%
2005	41.1%	45.4%
2006	40.8%	45.3%
2007	40.4%	45.1%
2008	39.9%	44.9%
2009	39.3%	44.7%
2010	38.8%	44.6%
2011	38.4%	44.6%
2012	38%	44.5%
2013	37.6%	44.4%
2014	37.2%	44%
2015	36.8%	43.6%
2016	36.4%	43.1%
2017	36%	42.6%
2018	35.6%	42%
2019	35.1%	41.7%
2020	34.7%	41.4%
2021	34.3%	41.2%
2022	34%	40.9%
2023	33.7%	40.6%
2024	33.4%	40.5%
2025	33%	40.2%
2026	32.6%	39.8%
2027	32.2%	39.5%
2028	31.8%	39.3%
2029	31.4%	39.1%
2030	31%	38.9%
2031	30.7%	38.6%
2032	30.3%	38.3%
2033	29.9%	37.9%
2034	29.5%	37.5%
2035	29.1%	37.1%
2036	28.7%	36.7%
2037	28.4%	36.3%
2038	28%	35.9%
2039	27.7%	35.5%
2040	27.4%	35.1%
2041	27.1%	34.7%
2042	26.8%	34.3%
2043	26.5%	33.9%
2044	26.2%	33.6%
2045	26%	33.2%
2046	25.7%	32.8%
2047	25.4%	32.5%
2048	25.1%	32.2%
2049	24.9%	31.9%
2050	24.6%	31.6%

Children aged 0-14 make up 33.4% of the population in Eswatini and 40.5% in Sudan in 2024, compared to 47.6% and 46.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Eswatini and Sudan compared.

Natural population change in Eswatini vs Sudan by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.63% in Eswatini and +2.79% in Sudan. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Eswatini	Sudan
1960	9,947	262,235
1961	10,262	272,562
1962	10,601	287,317
1963	10,929	302,132
1964	11,266	315,166
1965	11,719	327,799
1966	12,282	342,118
1967	12,773	356,599
1968	13,449	370,917
1969	14,164	385,712
1970	14,873	401,013
1971	15,615	417,641
1972	16,353	428,340
1973	17,145	439,201
1974	17,971	444,456
1975	18,849	454,813
1976	19,734	470,019
1977	20,609	483,089
1978	21,466	497,987
1979	22,299	524,942
1980	23,153	552,930
1981	23,973	585,087
1982	24,742	606,362
1983	24,883	570,198
1984	26,149	577,405
1985	26,835	583,382
1986	27,096	649,649
1987	27,285	658,416
1988	27,396	672,604
1989	28,257	683,743
1990	28,349	699,953
1991	28,497	714,612
1992	28,446	731,177
1993	28,046	743,249
1994	26,703	764,645
1995	23,029	780,700
1996	21,858	792,926
1997	20,686	802,245
1998	19,762	814,752
1999	19,420	835,840
2000	18,830	858,536
2001	17,824	880,284
2002	16,924	897,965
2003	16,396	898,226
2004	15,979	889,382
2005	15,945	907,017
2006	16,133	963,740
2007	16,595	992,819
2008	17,275	1,001,826
2009	17,656	1,041,810
2010	17,652	1,068,381
2011	17,645	1,070,888
2012	18,308	1,073,062
2013	18,903	1,078,446
2014	19,107	1,097,962
2015	19,223	1,145,259
2016	19,233	1,174,422
2017	19,278	1,208,046
2018	19,392	1,257,387
2019	19,488	1,291,747
2020	18,899	1,295,781
2021	17,314	1,293,817
2022	20,125	1,333,992
2023	20,147	1,361,564

Maternal mortality chart: Eswatini vs Sudan

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 118 deaths per 100,000 live births in Eswatini, compared to 256 deaths in Sudan.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Eswatini	Sudan
1985	580	980
1986	548	938
1987	521	914
1988	494	877
1989	505	881
1990	520	840
1991	545	873
1992	580	863
1993	609	839
1994	645	775
1995	612	730
1996	604	712
1997	550	681
1998	475	669
1999	409	662
2000	361	645
2001	307	616
2002	331	588
2003	392	593
2004	451	536
2005	529	506
2006	511	485
2007	647	445
2008	766	426
2009	855	382
2010	752	370
2011	765	357
2012	613	340
2013	491	327
2014	369	309
2015	283	298
2016	213	288
2017	151	277
2018	133	268
2019	96	262
2020	102	273
2021	219	305
2022	112	263
2023	118	256

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 4.5% in Eswatini and 5.01% in Sudan. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Eswatini	Sudan
1960	20.7%	17.8%
1961	20.4%	17.5%
1962	20%	17.2%
1963	19.6%	17%
1964	19.2%	16.7%
1965	18.8%	16.5%
1966	18.3%	16.3%
1967	17.9%	16.2%
1968	17.4%	16%
1969	17%	15.9%
1970	16.5%	15.8%
1971	16%	15.7%
1972	15.4%	15.6%
1973	14.9%	15.5%
1974	14.3%	15.4%
1975	13.7%	15.3%
1976	13.2%	15.2%
1977	12.6%	15.1%
1978	12%	15%
1979	11.5%	14.9%
1980	10.9%	14.8%
1981	10.4%	14.6%
1982	9.89%	14.5%
1983	10.4%	18.2%
1984	8.85%	18%
1985	8.37%	17.8%
1986	7.93%	14%
1987	7.54%	13.8%
1988	7.2%	13.6%
1989	6.93%	13.4%
1990	6.75%	13.2%
1991	6.72%	13%
1992	6.85%	12.7%
1993	7.17%	12.5%
1994	7.62%	12.2%
1995	8.12%	11.9%
1996	8.71%	11.6%
1997	9.3%	11.3%
1998	9.87%	11%
1999	10.4%	10.7%
2000	10.9%	10.3%
2001	11.3%	9.99%
2002	11.4%	9.65%
2003	11.6%	9.31%
2004	11.6%	10.3%
2005	11.6%	10%
2006	10.5%	8.4%
2007	10%	8.13%
2008	9.82%	7.88%
2009	9.25%	7.64%
2010	8.18%	7.42%
2011	6.81%	7.22%
2012	6.38%	7.02%
2013	6.16%	6.83%
2014	6.17%	6.64%
2015	5.86%	6.45%
2016	5.53%	6.26%
2017	5.43%	6.07%
2018	5.1%	5.89%
2019	5.16%	5.71%
2020	4.98%	5.53%
2021	4.76%	5.36%
2022	4.62%	5.18%
2023	4.5%	5.01%