The latest officially reported population of Romania was 19,051,804 in 2024 vs 235,536 people in Sao Tome and Principe in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Romania's population is 18,839,108 people compared to 246,362 in Sao Tome and Principe.
Population statistics:
- Romania's population is 76.5 times bigger than Sao Tome and Principe's.
- Romania is ranked the 70th most populous country in the world, while Sao Tome and Principe is the 176th.
- The countries together account for 0.23% of the world: 0.23% for Romania vs 0.003% for Sao Tome and Principe.
- For the last 10 years, Romania has had an average growth rate of -0.43% per year vs +1.82% in Sao Tome and Principe.
- Since 2006, the population of Romania has decreased from 21.2M people to 18.8M (11.1% decline), while Sao Tome and Principe has grown from 166K to 246K (48.7% growth).
Romania vs Sao Tome and Principe: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Romania
|
Sao Tome
|
|
| 2100 | 10,801,385 | 538,729 |
| 2099 | 10,885,505 | 537,330 |
| 2098 | 10,969,050 | 535,787 |
| 2097 | 11,052,086 | 534,124 |
| 2096 | 11,134,776 | 532,353 |
| 2095 | 11,217,462 | 530,576 |
| 2094 | 11,299,298 | 528,656 |
| 2093 | 11,382,352 | 526,643 |
| 2092 | 11,464,817 | 524,507 |
| 2091 | 11,546,872 | 522,325 |
| 2090 | 11,630,335 | 519,999 |
| 2089 | 11,713,468 | 517,612 |
| 2088 | 11,796,733 | 515,098 |
| 2087 | 11,880,373 | 512,568 |
| 2086 | 11,966,550 | 510,018 |
| 2085 | 12,052,744 | 507,340 |
| 2084 | 12,140,454 | 504,584 |
| 2083 | 12,229,714 | 501,679 |
| 2082 | 12,319,480 | 498,722 |
| 2081 | 12,412,385 | 495,689 |
| 2080 | 12,507,333 | 492,482 |
| 2079 | 12,603,302 | 489,244 |
| 2078 | 12,700,870 | 485,930 |
| 2077 | 12,799,985 | 482,450 |
| 2076 | 12,900,610 | 478,942 |
| 2075 | 13,002,848 | 475,380 |
| 2074 | 13,107,513 | 471,763 |
| 2073 | 13,213,407 | 468,114 |
| 2072 | 13,323,211 | 464,348 |
| 2071 | 13,435,661 | 460,509 |
| 2070 | 13,550,449 | 456,552 |
| 2069 | 13,667,892 | 452,449 |
| 2068 | 13,786,771 | 448,367 |
| 2067 | 13,909,141 | 444,152 |
| 2066 | 14,034,214 | 439,833 |
| 2065 | 14,163,381 | 435,561 |
| 2064 | 14,293,294 | 431,126 |
| 2063 | 14,424,068 | 426,703 |
| 2062 | 14,557,025 | 422,184 |
| 2061 | 14,689,897 | 417,686 |
| 2060 | 14,821,441 | 413,117 |
| 2059 | 14,952,855 | 408,577 |
| 2058 | 15,082,857 | 404,024 |
| 2057 | 15,211,914 | 399,413 |
| 2056 | 15,340,213 | 394,844 |
| 2055 | 15,467,019 | 390,153 |
| 2054 | 15,590,545 | 385,468 |
| 2053 | 15,712,155 | 380,737 |
| 2052 | 15,834,374 | 376,015 |
| 2051 | 15,954,507 | 371,194 |
| 2050 | 16,073,070 | 366,397 |
| 2049 | 16,192,498 | 361,591 |
| 2048 | 16,311,535 | 356,742 |
| 2047 | 16,430,565 | 351,861 |
| 2046 | 16,547,661 | 346,888 |
| 2045 | 16,665,026 | 341,838 |
| 2044 | 16,783,383 | 336,792 |
| 2043 | 16,900,955 | 331,713 |
| 2042 | 17,018,000 | 326,652 |
| 2041 | 17,136,818 | 321,594 |
| 2040 | 17,253,674 | 316,457 |
| 2039 | 17,370,310 | 311,279 |
| 2038 | 17,488,193 | 306,071 |
| 2037 | 17,604,853 | 300,875 |
| 2036 | 17,721,511 | 295,624 |
| 2035 | 17,837,396 | 290,400 |
| 2034 | 17,950,976 | 285,183 |
| 2033 | 18,064,449 | 279,990 |
| 2032 | 18,176,399 | 274,835 |
| 2031 | 18,288,437 | 269,740 |
| 2030 | 18,399,699 | 264,723 |
| 2029 | 18,511,331 | 259,705 |
| 2028 | 18,621,197 | 254,751 |
| 2027 | 18,730,482 | 249,860 |
| 2026 | 18,839,108 | 245,066 |
| 2025 | 18,946,392 | 240,286 |
| 2024 | 19,051,804 | 235,536 |
| 2023 | 19,061,062 | 230,871 |
| 2022 | 19,048,502 | 226,305 |
| 2021 | 19,122,059 | 221,961 |
| 2020 | 19,265,250 | 217,435 |
| 2019 | 19,371,648 | 213,392 |
| 2018 | 19,473,970 | 210,187 |
| 2017 | 19,588,715 | 206,970 |
| 2016 | 19,702,267 | 203,689 |
| 2015 | 19,815,616 | 200,291 |
| 2014 | 19,908,979 | 196,767 |
| 2013 | 19,983,693 | 193,148 |
| 2012 | 20,058,035 | 189,439 |
| 2011 | 20,147,528 | 185,649 |
| 2010 | 20,246,871 | 181,802 |
| 2009 | 20,367,487 | 177,853 |
| 2008 | 20,537,875 | 173,793 |
| 2007 | 20,882,982 | 169,700 |
| 2006 | 21,193,760 | 165,638 |
| 2005 | 21,319,685 | 161,639 |
| 2004 | 21,451,748 | 157,705 |
| 2003 | 21,574,326 | 153,814 |
| 2002 | 21,730,496 | 149,922 |
| 2001 | 22,131,970 | 146,375 |
| 2000 | 22,442,971 | 144,018 |
| 1999 | 22,472,040 | 142,442 |
| 1998 | 22,507,344 | 140,751 |
| 1997 | 22,553,978 | 138,922 |
| 1996 | 22,619,004 | 136,962 |
| 1995 | 22,684,270 | 134,895 |
| 1994 | 22,730,211 | 132,732 |
| 1993 | 22,763,280 | 130,467 |
| 1992 | 22,794,284 | 128,110 |
| 1991 | 23,001,155 | 125,697 |
| 1990 | 23,201,835 | 122,980 |
| 1989 | 23,161,458 | 119,979 |
| 1988 | 23,057,662 | 116,939 |
| 1987 | 22,949,430 | 113,919 |
| 1986 | 22,836,841 | 111,150 |
| 1985 | 22,732,999 | 108,658 |
| 1984 | 22,640,547 | 106,394 |
| 1983 | 22,560,478 | 104,380 |
| 1982 | 22,475,741 | 102,508 |
| 1981 | 22,353,070 | 100,615 |
| 1980 | 22,207,282 | 98,544 |
| 1979 | 22,090,488 | 96,252 |
| 1978 | 21,951,464 | 93,794 |
| 1977 | 21,756,096 | 91,301 |
| 1976 | 21,551,634 | 88,922 |
| 1975 | 21,293,583 | 86,708 |
| 1974 | 21,029,429 | 84,672 |
| 1973 | 20,835,681 | 82,798 |
| 1972 | 20,657,957 | 81,041 |
| 1971 | 20,461,567 | 79,330 |
| 1970 | 20,250,398 | 77,626 |
| 1969 | 20,009,141 | 76,083 |
| 1968 | 19,799,831 | 74,765 |
| 1967 | 19,534,242 | 73,596 |
| 1966 | 19,215,450 | 72,576 |
| 1965 | 19,031,576 | 71,680 |
| 1964 | 18,919,126 | 70,865 |
| 1963 | 18,797,850 | 70,112 |
| 1962 | 18,676,550 | 69,403 |
| 1961 | 18,555,250 | 68,707 |
| 1960 | 18,406,905 | 68,012 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/romania/sao-tome-and-principe | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Romania decreased by 1,491,493 people (a 7.04% decline), while Sao Tome and Principe gained 38,051 people (a 23% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Romania lost 863,159 people (a 4.38% decline), while Sao Tome and Principe's population increased by 42,673 people (a 21% growth).
Romania was ranked 51st most populous country in 2006 and is 70th in 2026. Sao Tome and Principe was ranked 178th in 2006 and ranked 176th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Romania's population will shrink by 14.7% to 16,073,070 people with a rank change from 70th to 81st. The population of Sao Tome and Principe will increase by 48.7% to 366,397 people and rank change from 176th to 175th.
Sao Tome and Principe is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 539K people, while Romania's population already peaked in 1990 at 23.2M people and is projected to decrease to 10.8M people by 2100.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Romania
|
Sao Tome
|
|
| 2100 | -0.77% | 0.26% |
| 2099 | -0.76% | 0.29% |
| 2098 | -0.75% | 0.31% |
| 2097 | -0.74% | 0.33% |
| 2096 | -0.74% | 0.33% |
| 2095 | -0.72% | 0.36% |
| 2094 | -0.73% | 0.38% |
| 2093 | -0.72% | 0.41% |
| 2092 | -0.71% | 0.42% |
| 2091 | -0.72% | 0.45% |
| 2090 | -0.71% | 0.46% |
| 2089 | -0.71% | 0.49% |
| 2088 | -0.7% | 0.49% |
| 2087 | -0.72% | 0.5% |
| 2086 | -0.72% | 0.53% |
| 2085 | -0.72% | 0.55% |
| 2084 | -0.73% | 0.58% |
| 2083 | -0.73% | 0.59% |
| 2082 | -0.75% | 0.61% |
| 2081 | -0.76% | 0.65% |
| 2080 | -0.76% | 0.66% |
| 2079 | -0.77% | 0.68% |
| 2078 | -0.77% | 0.72% |
| 2077 | -0.78% | 0.73% |
| 2076 | -0.79% | 0.75% |
| 2075 | -0.8% | 0.77% |
| 2074 | -0.8% | 0.78% |
| 2073 | -0.82% | 0.81% |
| 2072 | -0.84% | 0.83% |
| 2071 | -0.85% | 0.87% |
| 2070 | -0.86% | 0.91% |
| 2069 | -0.86% | 0.91% |
| 2068 | -0.88% | 0.95% |
| 2067 | -0.89% | 0.98% |
| 2066 | -0.91% | 0.98% |
| 2065 | -0.91% | 1.03% |
| 2064 | -0.91% | 1.04% |
| 2063 | -0.91% | 1.07% |
| 2062 | -0.9% | 1.08% |
| 2061 | -0.89% | 1.11% |
| 2060 | -0.88% | 1.11% |
| 2059 | -0.86% | 1.13% |
| 2058 | -0.85% | 1.15% |
| 2057 | -0.84% | 1.16% |
| 2056 | -0.82% | 1.2% |
| 2055 | -0.79% | 1.22% |
| 2054 | -0.77% | 1.24% |
| 2053 | -0.77% | 1.26% |
| 2052 | -0.75% | 1.3% |
| 2051 | -0.74% | 1.31% |
| 2050 | -0.74% | 1.33% |
| 2049 | -0.73% | 1.36% |
| 2048 | -0.72% | 1.39% |
| 2047 | -0.71% | 1.43% |
| 2046 | -0.7% | 1.48% |
| 2045 | -0.71% | 1.5% |
| 2044 | -0.7% | 1.53% |
| 2043 | -0.69% | 1.55% |
| 2042 | -0.69% | 1.57% |
| 2041 | -0.68% | 1.62% |
| 2040 | -0.67% | 1.66% |
| 2039 | -0.67% | 1.7% |
| 2038 | -0.66% | 1.73% |
| 2037 | -0.66% | 1.78% |
| 2036 | -0.65% | 1.8% |
| 2035 | -0.63% | 1.83% |
| 2034 | -0.63% | 1.85% |
| 2033 | -0.62% | 1.88% |
| 2032 | -0.61% | 1.89% |
| 2031 | -0.6% | 1.9% |
| 2030 | -0.6% | 1.93% |
| 2029 | -0.59% | 1.94% |
| 2028 | -0.58% | 1.96% |
| 2027 | -0.58% | 1.96% |
| 2026 | -0.57% | 1.99% |
| 2025 | -0.55% | 2.02% |
| 2024 | -0.05% | 2.02% |
| 2023 | 0.07% | 2.02% |
| 2022 | -0.38% | 1.96% |
| 2021 | -0.74% | 2.08% |
| 2020 | -0.55% | 1.89% |
| 2019 | -0.53% | 1.52% |
| 2018 | -0.59% | 1.55% |
| 2017 | -0.58% | 1.61% |
| 2016 | -0.57% | 1.7% |
| 2015 | -0.47% | 1.79% |
| 2014 | -0.37% | 1.87% |
| 2013 | -0.37% | 1.96% |
| 2012 | -0.44% | 2.04% |
| 2011 | -0.49% | 2.12% |
| 2010 | -0.59% | 2.22% |
| 2009 | -0.83% | 2.34% |
| 2008 | -1.65% | 2.41% |
| 2007 | -1.47% | 2.45% |
| 2006 | -0.59% | 2.47% |
| 2005 | -0.62% | 2.49% |
| 2004 | -0.57% | 2.53% |
| 2003 | -0.72% | 2.6% |
| 2002 | -1.81% | 2.42% |
| 2001 | -1.39% | 1.64% |
| 2000 | -0.13% | 1.11% |
| 1999 | -0.16% | 1.2% |
| 1998 | -0.21% | 1.32% |
| 1997 | -0.29% | 1.43% |
| 1996 | -0.29% | 1.53% |
| 1995 | -0.2% | 1.63% |
| 1994 | -0.15% | 1.74% |
| 1993 | -0.14% | 1.84% |
| 1992 | -0.9% | 1.92% |
| 1991 | -0.86% | 2.21% |
| 1990 | 0.17% | 2.5% |
| 1989 | 0.45% | 2.6% |
| 1988 | 0.47% | 2.65% |
| 1987 | 0.49% | 2.49% |
| 1986 | 0.46% | 2.29% |
| 1985 | 0.41% | 2.13% |
| 1984 | 0.35% | 1.93% |
| 1983 | 0.38% | 1.83% |
| 1982 | 0.55% | 1.88% |
| 1981 | 0.66% | 2.1% |
| 1980 | 0.53% | 2.38% |
| 1979 | 0.63% | 2.62% |
| 1978 | 0.9% | 2.73% |
| 1977 | 0.95% | 2.68% |
| 1976 | 1.21% | 2.55% |
| 1975 | 1.26% | 2.4% |
| 1974 | 0.93% | 2.26% |
| 1973 | 0.86% | 2.17% |
| 1972 | 0.96% | 2.16% |
| 1971 | 1.04% | 2.2% |
| 1970 | 1.21% | 2.03% |
| 1969 | 1.06% | 1.76% |
| 1968 | 1.36% | 1.59% |
| 1967 | 1.66% | 1.41% |
| 1966 | 0.97% | 1.25% |
| 1965 | 0.59% | 1.15% |
| 1964 | 0.65% | 1.07% |
| 1963 | 0.65% | 1.02% |
| 1962 | 0.65% | 1.01% |
| 1961 | 0.81% | 1.02% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/romania/sao-tome-and-principe | CC BY
In 2024, the population of Romania declined by 0.05%, while Sao Tome and Principe's population grew by 2.02%.
Live population counters
|
Romania
|
Sao Tome
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
18839108
|
246362
|
| Population rank | 70/197 | 176/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.23% | 0.003% |
| One net population change |
56.8 minutes
|
1.88 hours
|
| One birth every |
3.45 minutes
|
1.35 hours
|
| One death every |
2.17 minutes
|
6.81 hours
|
| Daily growth/decline | -25 | +13 |
| Annual growth/decline | -9,258 | +4,665 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | -0.05% | +2.02% |
| Population growth rate rank | 169/197 | 49/197 |
| One migration net change every |
18.1 minutes
|
13.5 hours
|
| Annual migration change | -29,041 | -650 |
| Net migration rank | 163/196 | 90/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 655,579 | 1,955 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 73/195 | 194/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 3.4% | 0.8% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 112/195 | 162/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Romania
|
Sao Tome
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -29,041 | - | -650 |
| 2024 | - | -28,466 | - | -604 |
| 2023 | -89,587 | -27,780 | 5,221 | -592 |
| 2022 | -93,338 | 89,076 | 5,102 | -592 |
| 2021 | -141,504 | -17,731 | 4,954 | -782 |
| 2020 | -100,179 | -13,202 | 4,874 | 0 |
| 2019 | -60,053 | -27,909 | 4,932 | -1,716 |
| 2018 | -62,316 | -33,018 | 4,957 | -1,757 |
| 2017 | -50,930 | -33,081 | 5,007 | -1,779 |
| 2016 | -53,196 | -33,073 | 5,125 | -1,793 |
| 2015 | -59,447 | -35,751 | 5,269 | -1,809 |
| 2014 | -55,745 | -35,448 | 5,381 | -1,801 |
| 2013 | -59,951 | -34,910 | 5,449 | -1,787 |
| 2012 | -54,157 | -37,589 | 5,501 | -1,739 |
| 2011 | -56,413 | -102,769 | 5,445 | -1,616 |
| 2010 | -46,567 | -122,364 | 5,391 | -1,529 |
| 2009 | -34,625 | -137,953 | 5,349 | -1,328 |
| 2008 | -30,806 | -144,368 | 5,297 | -1,203 |
| 2007 | -37,590 | -133,089 | 5,226 | -1,127 |
| 2006 | -38,148 | -132,777 | 5,057 | -1,031 |
| 2005 | -40,508 | -131,176 | 4,897 | -941 |
| 2004 | -42,904 | -117,432 | 4,810 | -894 |
| 2003 | -56,093 | -107,139 | 4,702 | -816 |
| 2002 | -58,673 | -106,585 | 4,591 | -690 |
| 2001 | -37,625 | -91,154 | 4,471 | -1,289 |
| 2000 | -22,443 | -92,451 | 4,334 | -2,798 |
| 1999 | -31,461 | -82,590 | 4,221 | -2,594 |
| 1998 | -33,761 | -81,366 | 4,120 | -2,364 |
| 1997 | -42,853 | -88,734 | 4,041 | -2,153 |
| 1996 | -56,548 | -70,799 | 3,993 | -1,974 |
| 1995 | -36,295 | -73,779 | 3,948 | -1,829 |
| 1994 | -18,184 | -76,246 | 3,860 | -1,644 |
| 1993 | -13,658 | -73,475 | 3,841 | -1,527 |
| 1992 | -4,559 | -63,200 | 3,822 | -1,432 |
| 1991 | 25,301 | -36,824 | 3,801 | -1,362 |
| 1990 | 69,605 | -38,157 | 3,719 | -727 |
| 1989 | 122,756 | -33,866 | 3,576 | -571 |
| 1988 | 126,817 | -48,911 | 3,544 | -465 |
| 1987 | 128,517 | -42,868 | 3,440 | -470 |
| 1986 | 134,737 | -50,450 | 3,180 | -614 |
| 1985 | 111,392 | -28,108 | 3,242 | -828 |
| 1984 | 117,731 | -24,629 | 3,163 | -1,041 |
| 1983 | 87,986 | 3,093 | 3,100 | -1,203 |
| 1982 | 119,121 | -4,725 | 3,047 | -1,203 |
| 1981 | 156,472 | -20,870 | 3,015 | -1,067 |
| 1980 | 168,776 | -16,668 | 2,965 | -770 |
| 1979 | 194,397 | -29,600 | 2,893 | -491 |
| 1978 | 204,148 | -31,427 | 2,800 | -279 |
| 1977 | 215,385 | -28,135 | 2,705 | -255 |
| 1976 | 213,361 | 18,748 | 2,608 | -302 |
| 1975 | 219,324 | 9,125 | 2,515 | -392 |
| 1974 | 235,530 | 6,725 | 2,422 | -474 |
| 1973 | 175,020 | 58,651 | 2,329 | -525 |
| 1972 | 198,316 | 61,920 | 2,232 | -517 |
| 1971 | 206,662 | 74,473 | 2,127 | -430 |
| 1970 | 234,905 | 71,919 | 1,980 | -279 |
| 1969 | 264,120 | 74,851 | 1,862 | -469 |
| 1968 | 338,577 | 33,601 | 1,767 | -520 |
| 1967 | 347,709 | 37,282 | 1,693 | -606 |
| 1966 | 115,293 | -25,458 | 1,642 | -688 |
| 1965 | 114,190 | -60,430 | 1,611 | -765 |
| 1964 | 134,326 | -59,500 | 1,600 | -819 |
| 1963 | 139,104 | -58,076 | 1,609 | -886 |
| 1962 | 130,736 | -56,152 | 1,625 | -927 |
| 1961 | 163,286 | -54,642 | 1,657 | -960 |
| 1960 | 191,431 | -55,397 | 1,547 | -860 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/romania/sao-tome-and-principe | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 82% of the population change in Romania is from natural causes (a loss of 766,295 people) and 18% is from migration (a loss of 167,917 people). In Sao Tome and Principe 80.1% is from natural causes (a gain of 50,822 people) and 19.9% is from migration (a loss of 12,621 people).
As of 2024, 655,579 residents or 3.4% of the population were not native-born in Romania, compared to 1,955 people or 0.8% in Sao Tome and Principe.
Biggest cities by population
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Population differences between Romania and Sao Tome and Principe
|
Romania
|
Sao Tome
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 76.4 years | 70.3 years |
| Average age | 42.5 years | 25.1 years |
| Median age | 43.8 years | 20.3 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 48.4:51.6 | 49.7:50.3 |
| Fertility rate | 1.71 births per woman | 3.64 births per woman |
| Population density | 212.1 ppl/mi² | 661 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/romania/sao-tome-and-principe | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
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