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Population in Poland compared to Romania: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank

The latest officially reported population of Poland was 36,435,861 in 2025 vs 19,020,271 people in Romania in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Poland's population is 36,007,074 people compared to 18,912,567 in Romania.

Population statistics:

  • Poland's population is 1.9 times bigger than Romania's.
  • Poland is ranked the 47th most populous country in the world, while Romania is the 70th.
  • The countries together account for 0.66% of the world: 0.43% for Poland vs 0.23% for Romania.
  • For the last 10 years, Poland has had an average growth rate of -0.38% per year vs -0.41% in Romania.
  • Since 2006, the population of Poland has decreased from 38.1M people to 36M (5.6% decline), while Romania has declined from 21.2M to 18.9M (10.8% decline).

Poland vs Romania: population by year and forecast

Poland
Factual

Projection
Romania
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Poland Romania
2100 18,452,579 10,843,503
2099 18,644,857 10,927,951
2098 18,838,707 11,011,822
2097 19,033,962 11,095,182
2096 19,231,896 11,178,195
2095 19,431,204 11,261,202
2094 19,634,214 11,343,358
2093 19,840,304 11,426,736
2092 20,049,969 11,509,522
2091 20,263,764 11,591,897
2090 20,482,150 11,675,686
2089 20,705,051 11,759,143
2088 20,933,750 11,842,733
2087 21,167,790 11,926,699
2086 21,407,163 12,013,212
2085 21,652,018 12,099,742
2084 21,902,736 12,187,794
2083 22,159,983 12,277,402
2082 22,423,109 12,367,518
2081 22,691,495 12,460,785
2080 22,964,515 12,556,104
2079 23,242,960 12,652,446
2078 23,524,184 12,750,395
2077 23,811,918 12,849,896
2076 24,102,012 12,950,914
2075 24,395,355 13,053,551
2074 24,691,719 13,158,624
2073 24,990,908 13,264,931
2072 25,290,453 13,375,162
2071 25,590,102 13,488,051
2070 25,889,034 13,603,287
2069 26,187,633 13,721,187
2068 26,485,171 13,840,530
2067 26,780,961 13,963,377
2066 27,074,124 14,088,938
2065 27,364,039 14,218,608
2064 27,650,950 14,349,029
2063 27,934,132 14,480,312
2062 28,212,240 14,613,788
2061 28,487,283 14,747,178
2060 28,757,525 14,879,235
2059 29,025,705 15,011,161
2058 29,288,751 15,141,670
2057 29,548,996 15,271,230
2056 29,806,770 15,400,030
2055 30,060,951 15,527,331
2054 30,311,416 15,651,338
2053 30,559,065 15,773,422
2052 30,801,964 15,896,118
2051 31,043,690 16,016,719
2050 31,281,762 16,135,745
2049 31,516,893 16,255,638
2048 31,748,736 16,375,139
2047 31,978,608 16,494,633
2046 32,205,877 16,612,186
2045 32,431,013 16,730,009
2044 32,653,012 16,848,827
2043 32,873,136 16,966,857
2042 33,090,733 17,084,359
2041 33,303,578 17,203,640
2040 33,514,705 17,320,952
2039 33,722,530 17,438,042
2038 33,926,660 17,556,386
2037 34,126,585 17,673,500
2036 34,323,967 17,790,613
2035 34,515,669 17,906,949
2034 34,704,048 18,020,973
2033 34,887,791 18,134,889
2032 35,067,502 18,247,275
2031 35,242,658 18,359,750
2030 35,410,392 18,471,446
2029 35,572,635 18,583,513
2028 35,725,650 18,693,807
2027 35,870,384 18,803,518
2026 36,007,074 18,912,567
2025 36,435,861 19,020,271
2024 36,559,233 19,051,804
2023 36,687,353 19,061,062
2022 36,821,749 19,048,502
2021 36,981,559 19,122,059
2020 37,515,748 19,265,250
2019 37,965,475 19,371,648
2018 37,974,750 19,473,970
2017 37,974,826 19,588,715
2016 37,970,087 19,702,267
2015 37,986,412 19,815,616
2014 38,011,735 19,908,979
2013 38,040,196 19,983,693
2012 38,063,164 20,058,035
2011 38,063,255 20,147,528
2010 38,042,794 20,246,871
2009 38,151,603 20,367,487
2008 38,125,759 20,537,875
2007 38,120,560 20,882,982
2006 38,141,267 21,193,760
2005 38,165,445 21,319,685
2004 38,182,222 21,451,748
2003 38,204,570 21,574,326
2002 38,230,364 21,730,496
2001 38,248,076 22,131,970
2000 38,258,629 22,442,971
1999 38,660,271 22,472,040
1998 38,663,481 22,507,344
1997 38,649,660 22,553,978
1996 38,624,370 22,619,004
1995 38,594,998 22,684,270
1994 38,542,652 22,730,211
1993 38,461,408 22,763,280
1992 38,363,667 22,794,284
1991 38,246,193 23,001,155
1990 38,110,782 23,201,835
1989 37,961,529 23,161,458
1988 37,824,487 23,057,662
1987 37,668,045 22,949,430
1986 37,456,119 22,836,841
1985 37,201,885 22,732,999
1984 36,904,134 22,640,547
1983 36,571,808 22,560,478
1982 36,230,481 22,475,741
1981 35,898,587 22,353,070
1980 35,574,150 22,207,282
1979 35,247,217 22,090,488
1978 34,965,600 21,951,464
1977 34,689,050 21,756,096
1976 34,356,300 21,551,634
1975 34,015,199 21,293,583
1974 33,678,899 21,029,429
1973 33,357,200 20,835,681
1972 33,055,650 20,657,957
1971 32,783,500 20,461,567
1970 32,664,300 20,250,398
1969 32,548,300 20,009,141
1968 32,294,655 19,799,831
1967 31,987,155 19,534,242
1966 31,681,000 19,215,450
1965 31,444,950 19,031,576
1964 31,139,450 18,919,126
1963 30,712,000 18,797,850
1962 30,308,500 18,676,550
1961 29,964,000 18,555,250
1960 29,637,450 18,406,905

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/poland/romania | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Poland decreased by 171,180 people (a 0.45% decline), while Romania lost 1,491,493 people (a 7.04% decline).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Poland lost 1,963,013 people (a 5.17% decline), while Romania's population decreased by 789,700 people (a 4.01% decline).

Poland was ranked 32nd most populous country in 2006 and is 47th in 2026. Romania was ranked 51st in 2006 and ranked 70th now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Poland's population will shrink by 13.1% to 31,281,762 people with a rank change from 47th to 61st. The population of Romania will decrease by 14.7% to 16,135,745 people and rank change from 70th to 81st.

Both countries are in a period of decline and in 50 years are projected to lose 33.1% of the population in Poland and 31.5% in Romania.

Population growth rate by year

Poland
Factual

Projection
Romania
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Poland Romania
2100 -1.03% -0.77%
2099 -1.03% -0.76%
2098 -1.03% -0.75%
2097 -1.03% -0.74%
2096 -1.03% -0.74%
2095 -1.03% -0.72%
2094 -1.04% -0.73%
2093 -1.05% -0.72%
2092 -1.06% -0.71%
2091 -1.07% -0.72%
2090 -1.08% -0.71%
2089 -1.09% -0.71%
2088 -1.11% -0.7%
2087 -1.12% -0.72%
2086 -1.13% -0.72%
2085 -1.14% -0.72%
2084 -1.16% -0.73%
2083 -1.17% -0.73%
2082 -1.18% -0.75%
2081 -1.19% -0.76%
2080 -1.2% -0.76%
2079 -1.2% -0.77%
2078 -1.21% -0.77%
2077 -1.2% -0.78%
2076 -1.2% -0.79%
2075 -1.2% -0.8%
2074 -1.2% -0.8%
2073 -1.18% -0.82%
2072 -1.17% -0.84%
2071 -1.15% -0.85%
2070 -1.14% -0.86%
2069 -1.12% -0.86%
2068 -1.1% -0.88%
2067 -1.08% -0.89%
2066 -1.06% -0.91%
2065 -1.04% -0.91%
2064 -1.01% -0.91%
2063 -0.99% -0.91%
2062 -0.97% -0.9%
2061 -0.94% -0.89%
2060 -0.92% -0.88%
2059 -0.9% -0.86%
2058 -0.88% -0.85%
2057 -0.86% -0.84%
2056 -0.85% -0.82%
2055 -0.83% -0.79%
2054 -0.81% -0.77%
2053 -0.79% -0.77%
2052 -0.78% -0.75%
2051 -0.76% -0.74%
2050 -0.75% -0.74%
2049 -0.73% -0.73%
2048 -0.72% -0.72%
2047 -0.71% -0.71%
2046 -0.69% -0.7%
2045 -0.68% -0.71%
2044 -0.67% -0.7%
2043 -0.66% -0.69%
2042 -0.64% -0.69%
2041 -0.63% -0.68%
2040 -0.62% -0.67%
2039 -0.6% -0.67%
2038 -0.59% -0.66%
2037 -0.58% -0.66%
2036 -0.56% -0.65%
2035 -0.54% -0.63%
2034 -0.53% -0.63%
2033 -0.51% -0.62%
2032 -0.5% -0.61%
2031 -0.47% -0.6%
2030 -0.46% -0.6%
2029 -0.43% -0.59%
2028 -0.4% -0.58%
2027 -0.38% -0.58%
2026 -1.18% -0.57%
2025 -0.34% -0.17%
2024 -0.35% -0.05%
2023 -0.36% 0.07%
2022 -0.43% -0.38%
2021 -1.42% -0.74%
2020 -1.18% -0.55%
2019 -0.02% -0.53%
2018 -0% -0.59%
2017 0.01% -0.58%
2016 -0.04% -0.57%
2015 -0.07% -0.47%
2014 -0.07% -0.37%
2013 -0.06% -0.37%
2012 -0% -0.44%
2011 0.05% -0.49%
2010 -0.29% -0.59%
2009 0.07% -0.83%
2008 0.01% -1.65%
2007 -0.05% -1.47%
2006 -0.06% -0.59%
2005 -0.04% -0.62%
2004 -0.06% -0.57%
2003 -0.07% -0.72%
2002 -0.05% -1.81%
2001 -0.03% -1.39%
2000 -1.04% -0.13%
1999 -0.008% -0.16%
1998 0.04% -0.21%
1997 0.07% -0.29%
1996 0.08% -0.29%
1995 0.14% -0.2%
1994 0.21% -0.15%
1993 0.25% -0.14%
1992 0.31% -0.9%
1991 0.36% -0.86%
1990 0.39% 0.17%
1989 0.36% 0.45%
1988 0.42% 0.47%
1987 0.57% 0.49%
1986 0.68% 0.46%
1985 0.81% 0.41%
1984 0.91% 0.35%
1983 0.94% 0.38%
1982 0.92% 0.55%
1981 0.91% 0.66%
1980 0.93% 0.53%
1979 0.81% 0.63%
1978 0.8% 0.9%
1977 0.97% 0.95%
1976 1% 1.21%
1975 1% 1.26%
1974 0.96% 0.93%
1973 0.91% 0.86%
1972 0.83% 0.96%
1971 0.36% 1.04%
1970 0.36% 1.21%
1969 0.79% 1.06%
1968 0.96% 1.36%
1967 0.97% 1.66%
1966 0.75% 0.97%
1965 0.98% 0.59%
1964 1.39% 0.65%
1963 1.33% 0.65%
1962 1.15% 0.65%
1961 1.1% 0.81%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/poland/romania | CC BY

In 2025, the population of Poland declined by 0.34%, while Romania's population declined by 0.17%.

Live population counters

Poland Romania
Current population
36007074
18912567
Population rank 47/197 70/197
Percent of world population 0.43% 0.23%
One net population change
4.27 minutes
16.7 minutes
One birth every
2.08 minutes
3.68 minutes
One death every
1.28 minutes
2.16 minutes
Daily growth/decline -338 -86
Annual growth/decline -123,372 -31,533
Annual growth/decline rate -0.34% -0.17%
Population growth rate rank 179/197 172/197
One migration net change every
1.59 minutes
18.1 minutes
Annual migration change -330,820 -29,041
Net migration rank 191/196 163/196
Foreign-born residents 1,739,901 655,579
Foreign-born residents rank 41/195 73/195
Foreign-born share of population 4.5% 3.4%
Foreign-born share rank 97/195 112/195

Natural population change vs migration

Poland
Natural

Migration
Romania
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Poland Romania
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - -330,820 - -29,041
2024 -157,205 -238,062 -100,975 -28,466
2023 -135,743 -7,824 -83,869 -27,780
2022 -143,605 967,744 -93,338 89,076
2021 -184,907 2,251 -141,504 -17,731
2020 -120,050 3,920 -100,179 -13,202
2019 -34,169 7,696 -60,053 -27,909
2018 -26,582 -223 -62,316 -33,018
2017 0 -21,535 -50,930 -33,081
2016 -3,797 -5,675 -53,196 -33,073
2015 -26,590 3,887 -59,447 -35,751
2014 0 5,525 -55,745 -35,448
2013 -19,020 12,402 -59,951 -34,910
2012 0 4,635 -54,157 -37,589
2011 11,419 45,951 -56,413 -102,769
2010 38,043 119,623 -46,567 -122,364
2009 30,521 -8,283 -34,625 -137,953
2008 34,313 -42,288 -30,806 -144,368
2007 11,436 -51,235 -37,590 -133,089
2006 3,814 -68,882 -38,148 -132,777
2005 -3,817 -41,942 -40,508 -131,176
2004 -7,637 -38,216 -42,904 -117,432
2003 -15,281 -19,039 -56,093 -107,139
2002 -3,823 -16,462 -58,673 -106,585
2001 3,825 -16,648 -37,625 -91,154
2000 11,478 -15,921 -22,443 -92,451
1999 0 -53,035 -31,461 -82,590
1998 19,332 -39,509 -33,761 -81,366
1997 34,785 -44,230 -42,853 -88,734
1996 42,487 -45,349 -56,548 -70,799
1995 46,314 -52,989 -36,295 -73,779
1994 96,357 -41,845 -18,184 -76,246
1993 103,846 -48,805 -13,658 -73,475
1992 118,928 -46,893 -4,559 -63,200
1991 141,511 -55,342 25,301 -36,824
1990 160,066 -50,339 69,605 -38,157
1989 182,215 -49,192 122,756 -33,866
1988 215,599 -101,671 126,817 -48,911
1987 226,008 -32,310 128,517 -42,868
1986 258,448 -22,520 134,737 -50,450
1985 297,615 -27,277 111,392 -28,108
1984 332,137 -18,402 117,731 -24,629
1983 373,032 -26,724 87,986 3,093
1982 369,551 -34,980 119,121 -4,725
1981 351,806 -16,155 156,472 -20,870
1980 348,627 -42,420 168,776 -16,668
1979 366,571 -22,162 194,397 -29,600
1978 339,166 -62,936 204,148 -31,427
1977 353,828 -33,496 215,385 -28,135
1976 367,612 -25,716 213,361 18,748
1975 350,356 -31,346 219,324 9,125
1974 346,893 -18,273 235,530 6,725
1973 320,229 -29,335 175,020 58,651
1972 314,028 -15,004 198,316 61,920
1971 278,660 -31,767 206,662 74,473
1970 280,913 -66,859 234,905 71,919
1969 270,151 -26,744 264,120 74,851
1968 280,963 -11,905 338,577 33,601
1967 275,089 -25,479 347,709 37,282
1966 297,801 -17,158 115,293 -25,458
1965 314,450 -21,658 114,190 -60,430
1964 326,965 -23,273 134,326 -59,500
1963 359,330 -13,770 139,104 -58,076
1962 360,671 -31,021 130,736 -56,152
1961 398,521 -20,044 163,286 -54,642
1960 444,562 -6,306 191,431 -55,397

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/poland/romania | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 53.9% of the population change in Poland is from natural causes (a loss of 832,648 people) and 46.1% is from migration (a gain of 712,179 people). In Romania 83.4% is from natural causes (a loss of 805,807 people) and 16.6% is from migration (a loss of 160,935 people).

As of 2024, 1,739,901 residents or 4.5% of the population were not native-born in Poland, compared to 655,579 people or 3.4% in Romania.

Biggest cities by population

Poland
City Population
Warsaw 1.86M
Krakow 804K
Wroclaw 674K
Lodz 649K
Poznan 547K
Gdansk 488K
Szczecin 388K
Lublin 335K
Bydgoszcz 325K
Bialystok 290K
Romania
City Population
Bucharest 1.72M
Cluj-Napoca 287K
Iasi 272K
Constanta 264K
Timisoara 251K
Brasov 238K
Craiova 234K
Galati 218K
Oradea 183K
Ploiesti 181K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/poland/romania | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)

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