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Population in Afghanistan compared to Estonia: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank team

The latest officially reported population of Afghanistan was 42,647,492 in 2024 vs 1,372,341 people in Estonia in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Afghanistan's population is 45,409,324 people compared to 1,339,590 in Estonia.

Population statistics:

  • Afghanistan's population is 33.9 times bigger than Estonia's.
  • Afghanistan is ranked the 36th most populous country in the world, while Estonia is the 155th.
  • The countries together account for 0.56% of the world: 0.55% for Afghanistan vs 0.02% for Estonia.
  • For the last 10 years, Afghanistan has had an average growth rate of +2.76% per year vs +0.37% in Estonia.
  • Since 2006, the population of Afghanistan has increased from 25.4M people to 45.4M (78.6% growth), while Estonia has declined from 1.35M to 1.34M (0.54% decline).

Afghanistan vs Estonia: population by year and forecast

Afghanistan
Factual

Projection
Estonia
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Afghanistan Estonia
2100 131,803,615 831,394
2099 131,145,502 836,965
2098 130,482,225 842,414
2097 129,808,066 847,873
2096 129,147,895 853,472
2095 128,473,977 859,044
2094 127,761,785 864,547
2093 127,018,448 870,136
2092 126,270,202 875,676
2091 125,508,788 881,282
2090 124,636,092 887,028
2089 123,843,293 892,857
2088 123,034,495 898,736
2087 122,147,758 904,914
2086 121,381,088 911,254
2085 120,486,343 917,722
2084 119,491,780 924,458
2083 118,631,246 931,259
2082 117,742,446 938,110
2081 116,842,143 944,978
2080 115,793,841 952,018
2079 114,630,140 959,194
2078 113,624,958 966,496
2077 112,523,374 973,883
2076 111,442,221 981,283
2075 110,399,328 988,735
2074 109,236,338 996,352
2073 107,960,305 1,004,078
2072 106,746,984 1,011,873
2071 105,568,382 1,019,779
2070 104,230,485 1,027,821
2069 102,964,062 1,035,828
2068 101,629,164 1,043,819
2067 100,380,826 1,051,892
2066 99,116,663 1,059,940
2065 97,714,113 1,068,064
2064 96,306,602 1,076,199
2063 94,949,108 1,084,303
2062 93,579,065 1,092,418
2061 92,316,077 1,100,514
2060 91,000,643 1,108,650
2059 89,717,353 1,116,534
2058 88,346,732 1,124,375
2057 86,917,997 1,132,033
2056 85,480,219 1,139,610
2055 84,074,268 1,147,117
2054 82,676,432 1,154,317
2053 81,285,014 1,161,452
2052 79,908,081 1,168,381
2051 78,643,202 1,175,291
2050 77,331,830 1,182,029
2049 75,864,863 1,188,633
2048 74,479,782 1,194,960
2047 73,119,204 1,201,294
2046 71,697,214 1,207,577
2045 70,353,118 1,213,815
2044 69,024,959 1,220,042
2043 67,657,423 1,226,162
2042 66,357,363 1,232,282
2041 64,976,778 1,238,386
2040 63,535,531 1,244,441
2039 62,129,737 1,250,581
2038 60,803,646 1,256,780
2037 59,454,331 1,263,149
2036 58,114,874 1,269,700
2035 56,804,011 1,276,331
2034 55,502,408 1,283,159
2033 54,135,876 1,290,037
2032 52,791,273 1,297,036
2031 51,433,991 1,304,102
2030 50,079,746 1,311,189
2029 48,768,949 1,318,225
2028 47,533,470 1,325,354
2027 46,310,865 1,332,492
2026 45,075,045 1,339,590
2025 43,870,455 1,358,931
2024 42,647,492 1,372,341
2023 41,454,761 1,370,286
2022 40,578,842 1,348,840
2021 40,000,412 1,330,932
2020 39,068,979 1,329,522
2019 37,856,121 1,326,898
2018 36,743,039 1,321,977
2017 35,688,935 1,317,384
2016 34,700,612 1,315,790
2015 33,831,764 1,315,407
2014 32,792,523 1,314,545
2013 31,622,704 1,317,997
2012 30,560,034 1,322,696
2011 29,347,708 1,327,439
2010 28,284,089 1,331,475
2009 27,466,101 1,334,515
2008 26,482,622 1,337,090
2007 25,909,852 1,340,680
2006 25,424,094 1,346,810
2005 24,404,567 1,354,775
2004 23,560,654 1,362,550
2003 22,733,049 1,370,720
2002 21,378,117 1,379,350
2001 20,284,307 1,388,115
2000 20,130,327 1,396,985
1999 19,887,785 1,390,244
1998 19,159,996 1,386,156
1997 18,452,091 1,399,535
1996 17,763,266 1,415,594
1995 17,065,836 1,436,634
1994 16,250,794 1,462,514
1993 14,943,172 1,494,128
1992 13,278,974 1,533,091
1991 12,238,879 1,561,314
1990 12,045,660 1,569,174
1989 11,874,088 1,568,131
1988 11,523,298 1,561,900
1987 11,387,818 1,552,221
1986 11,420,074 1,540,190
1985 11,426,852 1,528,781
1984 11,190,221 1,518,617
1983 10,917,982 1,508,745
1982 10,991,378 1,498,414
1981 11,937,581 1,487,666
1980 13,169,311 1,477,219
1979 13,655,567 1,468,333
1978 13,611,441 1,460,188
1977 13,340,756 1,450,211
1976 13,059,851 1,439,576
1975 12,773,954 1,429,352
1974 12,469,127 1,418,169
1973 12,157,999 1,405,951
1972 11,853,696 1,392,518
1971 11,567,667 1,376,955
1970 11,290,128 1,360,076
1969 11,017,409 1,345,249
1968 10,756,922 1,331,214
1967 10,505,959 1,318,946
1966 10,266,395 1,308,597
1965 10,036,008 1,294,566
1964 9,814,318 1,277,086
1963 9,604,487 1,258,857
1962 9,404,406 1,241,623
1961 9,214,083 1,225,077
1960 9,035,043 1,211,537

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/afghanistan/estonia | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Afghanistan increased by 9,276,518 people (a 36.5% growth), while Estonia lost 31,020 people (a 2.3% decline).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Afghanistan gained 10,708,712 people (a 30.9% growth), while Estonia's population increased by 23,800 people (a 1.81% growth).

Afghanistan was ranked 45th most populous country in 2006 and is 36th in 2026. Estonia was ranked 149th in 2006 and ranked 155th now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Afghanistan's population will grow by 70.3% to 77,331,830 people with a rank change from 36th to 24th. The population of Estonia will decrease by 11.8% to 1,182,029 people and rank change from 155th to 159th.

Afghanistan is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 132M people, while Estonia's population already peaked in 1990 at 1.57M people and is projected to decrease to 831K people by 2100.

Population growth rate by year

Afghanistan
Factual

Projection
Estonia
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Afghanistan Estonia
2100 0.5% -0.67%
2099 0.51% -0.65%
2098 0.52% -0.64%
2097 0.51% -0.66%
2096 0.52% -0.65%
2095 0.56% -0.64%
2094 0.59% -0.64%
2093 0.59% -0.63%
2092 0.61% -0.64%
2091 0.7% -0.65%
2090 0.64% -0.65%
2089 0.66% -0.65%
2088 0.73% -0.68%
2087 0.63% -0.7%
2086 0.74% -0.7%
2085 0.83% -0.73%
2084 0.73% -0.73%
2083 0.75% -0.73%
2082 0.77% -0.73%
2081 0.91% -0.74%
2080 1.02% -0.75%
2079 0.88% -0.76%
2078 0.98% -0.76%
2077 0.97% -0.75%
2076 0.94% -0.75%
2075 1.06% -0.76%
2074 1.18% -0.77%
2073 1.14% -0.77%
2072 1.12% -0.78%
2071 1.28% -0.78%
2070 1.23% -0.77%
2069 1.31% -0.77%
2068 1.24% -0.77%
2067 1.28% -0.76%
2066 1.44% -0.76%
2065 1.46% -0.76%
2064 1.43% -0.75%
2063 1.46% -0.74%
2062 1.37% -0.74%
2061 1.45% -0.73%
2060 1.43% -0.71%
2059 1.55% -0.7%
2058 1.64% -0.68%
2057 1.68% -0.66%
2056 1.67% -0.65%
2055 1.69% -0.62%
2054 1.71% -0.61%
2053 1.72% -0.59%
2052 1.61% -0.59%
2051 1.7% -0.57%
2050 1.93% -0.56%
2049 1.86% -0.53%
2048 1.86% -0.53%
2047 1.98% -0.52%
2046 1.91% -0.51%
2045 1.92% -0.51%
2044 2.02% -0.5%
2043 1.96% -0.5%
2042 2.12% -0.49%
2041 2.27% -0.49%
2040 2.26% -0.49%
2039 2.18% -0.49%
2038 2.27% -0.5%
2037 2.3% -0.52%
2036 2.31% -0.52%
2035 2.35% -0.53%
2034 2.52% -0.53%
2033 2.55% -0.54%
2032 2.64% -0.54%
2031 2.7% -0.54%
2030 2.69% -0.53%
2029 2.6% -0.54%
2028 2.64% -0.54%
2027 2.74% -0.53%
2026 2.75% -1.42%
2025 2.87% -0.98%
2024 2.88% 0.15%
2023 2.16% 1.59%
2022 1.45% 1.35%
2021 2.38% 0.11%
2020 3.2% 0.2%
2019 3.03% 0.37%
2018 2.95% 0.35%
2017 2.85% 0.12%
2016 2.57% 0.03%
2015 3.17% 0.07%
2014 3.7% -0.26%
2013 3.48% -0.36%
2012 4.13% -0.36%
2011 3.76% -0.3%
2010 2.98% -0.23%
2009 3.71% -0.19%
2008 2.21% -0.27%
2007 1.91% -0.46%
2006 4.18% -0.59%
2005 3.58% -0.57%
2004 3.64% -0.6%
2003 6.34% -0.63%
2002 5.39% -0.63%
2001 0.76% -0.63%
2000 1.22% 0.48%
1999 3.8% 0.29%
1998 3.84% -0.96%
1997 3.88% -1.13%
1996 4.09% -1.46%
1995 5.02% -1.77%
1994 8.75% -2.12%
1993 12.5% -2.54%
1992 8.5% -1.81%
1991 1.6% -0.5%
1990 1.44% 0.07%
1989 3.04% 0.4%
1988 1.19% 0.62%
1987 -0.28% 0.78%
1986 -0.06% 0.75%
1985 2.11% 0.67%
1984 2.49% 0.65%
1983 -0.67% 0.69%
1982 -7.93% 0.72%
1981 -9.35% 0.71%
1980 -3.56% 0.61%
1979 0.32% 0.56%
1978 2.03% 0.69%
1977 2.15% 0.74%
1976 2.24% 0.72%
1975 2.44% 0.79%
1974 2.56% 0.87%
1973 2.57% 0.96%
1972 2.47% 1.13%
1971 2.46% 1.24%
1970 2.48% 1.1%
1969 2.42% 1.05%
1968 2.39% 0.93%
1967 2.33% 0.79%
1966 2.3% 1.08%
1965 2.26% 1.37%
1964 2.18% 1.45%
1963 2.13% 1.39%
1962 2.07% 1.35%
1961 1.98% 1.12%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/afghanistan/estonia | CC BY

In 2024, the population of Afghanistan grew by 2.88%, while Estonia's population grew by 0.15%.

Live population counters

Afghanistan Estonia
Current population
45409324
1339590
Population rank 36/197 155/197
Percent of world population 0.55% 0.02%
One net population change
26.4 seconds
4.26 hours
One birth every
21.5 seconds
47.9 minutes
One death every
2.19 minutes
32.8 minutes
Daily growth/decline +3,268 +6
Annual growth/decline +1,192,731 +2,055
Annual growth/decline rate +2.88% +0.15%
Population growth rate rank 20/197 158/197
One migration net change every
7.08 minutes
39.5 minutes
Annual migration change -74,404 -13,350
Net migration rank 179/196 141/196
Foreign-born residents 98,110 203,046
Foreign-born residents rank 131/195 110/195
Foreign-born share of population 0.2% 14.9%
Foreign-born share rank 186/195 43/195

Natural population change vs migration

Afghanistan
Natural

Migration
Estonia
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Afghanistan Estonia
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - -74,404 - -13,350
2024 - -44,089 - -7,742
2023 1,228,719 -48,958 -5,070 5,717
2022 1,219,475 -647,402 -5,665 39,754
2021 1,133,611 -548,784 -5,324 7,043
2020 1,134,407 143,634 -2,659 3,694
2019 1,138,485 9,159 -1,327 5,386
2018 1,115,262 -36,753 -1,322 7,089
2017 1,101,218 -71,491 -1,713 5,202
2016 1,090,016 -143,049 -1,316 1,081
2015 1,077,068 -286,314 -1,315 4,261
2014 1,053,788 233,913 -1,972 -674
2013 1,033,778 18,119 -1,713 -2,688
2012 1,004,814 68,628 -1,455 -3,674
2011 966,743 384,486 -531 -3,941
2010 943,473 -167,460 0 -3,781
2009 920,581 -60,602 -400 -2,089
2008 891,246 215,753 -668 -2,034
2007 889,848 -851,298 -1,608 -2,941
2006 875,301 57,673 -2,559 -5,351
2005 855,112 250,971 -2,981 -5,208
2004 850,940 -269,194 -3,679 -3,681
2003 826,165 247,317 -5,072 -3,705
2002 776,048 860,349 -5,380 -2,889
2001 764,090 -212,872 -5,830 -3,280
2000 782,727 -1,025,973 -5,309 -3,083
1999 760,727 -32,400 -6,117 1,419
1998 719,860 7,380 -7,208 -3,296
1997 709,778 -21,215 -6,018 -4,066
1996 685,005 4,072 -5,662 -10,540
1995 653,280 52,505 -7,327 -12,655
1994 609,096 315,206 -8,044 -17,984
1993 541,257 1,149,684 -5,976 -25,501
1992 440,132 1,197,329 -1,993 -38,391
1991 409,954 32,782 -312 -9,712
1990 402,433 -458,737 2,825 -2,660
1989 381,158 18,296 5,803 -368
1988 358,397 -56,263 6,404 5,256
1987 314,361 -345,535 6,829 5,389
1986 310,066 -343,397 6,160 5,260
1985 228,469 -208,685 4,281 5,097
1984 205,262 248,224 5,163 5,006
1983 263,778 -172,797 5,884 4,986
1982 263,210 -500,998 5,244 4,832
1981 343,468 -1,998,086 4,612 4,789
1980 365,396 -1,174,239 3,989 4,619
1979 361,750 -525,413 3,818 4,521
1978 369,101 -117,186 4,088 7,234
1977 372,567 -83,115 4,931 7,189
1976 357,775 -85,430 4,319 6,942
1975 343,850 -44,418 4,717 6,737
1974 330,232 -20,009 5,956 6,594
1973 315,062 -3,030 5,623 6,488
1972 300,633 -4,050 6,267 6,432
1971 288,267 -12,801 7,160 6,392
1970 275,129 4,458 6,257 6,158
1969 263,823 2,029 5,515 8,650
1968 251,798 3,333 5,592 9,403
1967 239,967 6,824 5,012 9,115
1966 228,786 3,563 4,842 8,998
1965 217,741 10,695 5,437 8,851
1964 207,867 7,079 6,897 8,734
1963 198,035 6,681 6,043 8,410
1962 188,427 7,016 6,457 8,248
1961 179,094 6,109 7,228 7,991
1960 170,257 2,606 7,511 7,762

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/afghanistan/estonia | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 89% of the population change in Afghanistan is from natural causes (a gain of 11,292,049 people) and 11% is from migration (a loss of 1,396,045 people). In Estonia 26.1% is from natural causes (a loss of 27,683 people) and 73.9% is from migration (a gain of 78,553 people).

As of 2024, 98,110 residents or 0.2% of the population were not native-born in Afghanistan, compared to 203,046 people or 14.9% in Estonia.

Biggest cities by population

Afghanistan
City Population
Kabul 5.33M
Kandahar 614K
Herat 556K
Mazar-i-Sharif 469K
Kunduz 357K
Jalalabad 263K
Lashkargah 202K
Sheberghan 176K
Khost 160K
Ghazni 143K
Estonia
City Population
Tallinn 458K
Tartu 97.8K
Narva 53.4K
Parnu 41.5K
Kohtla-Jarve 33.4K
Viljandi 17.3K
Maardu 17K
Rakvere 15.7K
Kuressaare 13.2K
Sillamae 12.4K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/population/afghanistan/estonia | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  5. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)

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