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Population in Estonia compared to Poland: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank

The latest officially reported population of Estonia was 1,366,475 in 2025 vs 36,435,861 people in Poland in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Estonia's population is 1,347,027 people compared to 36,007,074 in Poland.

Population statistics:

  • Poland's population is 26.7 times bigger than Estonia's.
  • Estonia is ranked the 155th most populous country in the world, while Poland is the 47th.
  • The countries together account for 0.45% of the world: 0.02% for Estonia vs 0.43% for Poland.
  • For the last 10 years, Estonia has had an average growth rate of +0.35% per year vs -0.38% in Poland.
  • Since 2006, the population of Estonia has increased from 1.35M people to 1.35M (0.02% growth), while Poland has declined from 38.1M to 36M (5.6% decline).

Estonia vs Poland: population by year and forecast

Estonia
Factual

Projection
Poland
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Estonia Poland
2100 836,010 18,452,579
2099 841,611 18,644,857
2098 847,091 18,838,707
2097 852,580 19,033,962
2096 858,210 19,231,896
2095 863,813 19,431,204
2094 869,346 19,634,214
2093 874,966 19,840,304
2092 880,538 20,049,969
2091 886,175 20,263,764
2090 891,952 20,482,150
2089 897,814 20,705,051
2088 903,726 20,933,750
2087 909,938 21,167,790
2086 916,313 21,407,163
2085 922,817 21,652,018
2084 929,590 21,902,736
2083 936,429 22,159,983
2082 943,318 22,423,109
2081 950,224 22,691,495
2080 957,303 22,964,515
2079 964,518 23,242,960
2078 971,861 23,524,184
2077 979,290 23,811,918
2076 986,730 24,102,012
2075 994,224 24,395,355
2074 1,001,883 24,691,719
2073 1,009,652 24,990,908
2072 1,017,490 25,290,453
2071 1,025,441 25,590,102
2070 1,033,527 25,889,034
2069 1,041,579 26,187,633
2068 1,049,614 26,485,171
2067 1,057,732 26,780,961
2066 1,065,824 27,074,124
2065 1,073,994 27,364,039
2064 1,082,173 27,650,950
2063 1,090,322 27,934,132
2062 1,098,483 28,212,240
2061 1,106,624 28,487,283
2060 1,114,804 28,757,525
2059 1,122,732 29,025,705
2058 1,130,617 29,288,751
2057 1,138,317 29,548,996
2056 1,145,937 29,806,770
2055 1,153,485 30,060,951
2054 1,160,725 30,311,416
2053 1,167,900 30,559,065
2052 1,174,867 30,801,964
2051 1,181,816 31,043,690
2050 1,188,591 31,281,762
2049 1,195,231 31,516,893
2048 1,201,594 31,748,736
2047 1,207,963 31,978,608
2046 1,214,281 32,205,877
2045 1,220,553 32,431,013
2044 1,226,815 32,653,012
2043 1,232,969 32,873,136
2042 1,239,123 33,090,733
2041 1,245,261 33,303,578
2040 1,251,349 33,514,705
2039 1,257,523 33,722,530
2038 1,263,757 33,926,660
2037 1,270,161 34,126,585
2036 1,276,749 34,323,967
2035 1,283,416 34,515,669
2034 1,290,282 34,704,048
2033 1,297,198 34,887,791
2032 1,304,236 35,067,502
2031 1,311,342 35,242,658
2030 1,318,468 35,410,392
2029 1,325,543 35,572,635
2028 1,332,712 35,725,650
2027 1,339,889 35,870,384
2026 1,347,027 36,007,074
2025 1,366,475 36,435,861
2024 1,372,341 36,559,233
2023 1,370,286 36,687,353
2022 1,348,840 36,821,749
2021 1,330,932 36,981,559
2020 1,329,522 37,515,748
2019 1,326,898 37,965,475
2018 1,321,977 37,974,750
2017 1,317,384 37,974,826
2016 1,315,790 37,970,087
2015 1,315,407 37,986,412
2014 1,314,545 38,011,735
2013 1,317,997 38,040,196
2012 1,322,696 38,063,164
2011 1,327,439 38,063,255
2010 1,331,475 38,042,794
2009 1,334,515 38,151,603
2008 1,337,090 38,125,759
2007 1,340,680 38,120,560
2006 1,346,810 38,141,267
2005 1,354,775 38,165,445
2004 1,362,550 38,182,222
2003 1,370,720 38,204,570
2002 1,379,350 38,230,364
2001 1,388,115 38,248,076
2000 1,396,985 38,258,629
1999 1,390,244 38,660,271
1998 1,386,156 38,663,481
1997 1,399,535 38,649,660
1996 1,415,594 38,624,370
1995 1,436,634 38,594,998
1994 1,462,514 38,542,652
1993 1,494,128 38,461,408
1992 1,533,091 38,363,667
1991 1,561,314 38,246,193
1990 1,569,174 38,110,782
1989 1,568,131 37,961,529
1988 1,561,900 37,824,487
1987 1,552,221 37,668,045
1986 1,540,190 37,456,119
1985 1,528,781 37,201,885
1984 1,518,617 36,904,134
1983 1,508,745 36,571,808
1982 1,498,414 36,230,481
1981 1,487,666 35,898,587
1980 1,477,219 35,574,150
1979 1,468,333 35,247,217
1978 1,460,188 34,965,600
1977 1,450,211 34,689,050
1976 1,439,576 34,356,300
1975 1,429,352 34,015,199
1974 1,418,169 33,678,899
1973 1,405,951 33,357,200
1972 1,392,518 33,055,650
1971 1,376,955 32,783,500
1970 1,360,076 32,664,300
1969 1,345,249 32,548,300
1968 1,331,214 32,294,655
1967 1,318,946 31,987,155
1966 1,308,597 31,681,000
1965 1,294,566 31,444,950
1964 1,277,086 31,139,450
1963 1,258,857 30,712,000
1962 1,241,623 30,308,500
1961 1,225,077 29,964,000
1960 1,211,537 29,637,450

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/estonia/poland | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Estonia decreased by 31,020 people (a 2.3% decline), while Poland lost 171,180 people (a 0.45% decline).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Estonia gained 31,237 people (a 2.37% growth), while Poland's population decreased by 1,963,013 people (a 5.17% decline).

Estonia was ranked 149th most populous country in 2006 and is 155th in 2026. Poland was ranked 32nd in 2006 and ranked 47th now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Estonia's population will shrink by 11.8% to 1,188,591 people with a rank change from 155th to 159th. The population of Poland will decrease by 13.1% to 31,281,762 people and rank change from 47th to 61st.

Both countries are in a period of decline and in 50 years are projected to lose 26.7% of the population in Estonia and 33.1% in Poland.

Population growth rate by year

Estonia
Factual

Projection
Poland
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Estonia Poland
2100 -0.67% -1.03%
2099 -0.65% -1.03%
2098 -0.64% -1.03%
2097 -0.66% -1.03%
2096 -0.65% -1.03%
2095 -0.64% -1.03%
2094 -0.64% -1.04%
2093 -0.63% -1.05%
2092 -0.64% -1.06%
2091 -0.65% -1.07%
2090 -0.65% -1.08%
2089 -0.65% -1.09%
2088 -0.68% -1.11%
2087 -0.7% -1.12%
2086 -0.7% -1.13%
2085 -0.73% -1.14%
2084 -0.73% -1.16%
2083 -0.73% -1.17%
2082 -0.73% -1.18%
2081 -0.74% -1.19%
2080 -0.75% -1.2%
2079 -0.76% -1.2%
2078 -0.76% -1.21%
2077 -0.75% -1.2%
2076 -0.75% -1.2%
2075 -0.76% -1.2%
2074 -0.77% -1.2%
2073 -0.77% -1.18%
2072 -0.78% -1.17%
2071 -0.78% -1.15%
2070 -0.77% -1.14%
2069 -0.77% -1.12%
2068 -0.77% -1.1%
2067 -0.76% -1.08%
2066 -0.76% -1.06%
2065 -0.76% -1.04%
2064 -0.75% -1.01%
2063 -0.74% -0.99%
2062 -0.74% -0.97%
2061 -0.73% -0.94%
2060 -0.71% -0.92%
2059 -0.7% -0.9%
2058 -0.68% -0.88%
2057 -0.66% -0.86%
2056 -0.65% -0.85%
2055 -0.62% -0.83%
2054 -0.61% -0.81%
2053 -0.59% -0.79%
2052 -0.59% -0.78%
2051 -0.57% -0.76%
2050 -0.56% -0.75%
2049 -0.53% -0.73%
2048 -0.53% -0.72%
2047 -0.52% -0.71%
2046 -0.51% -0.69%
2045 -0.51% -0.68%
2044 -0.5% -0.67%
2043 -0.5% -0.66%
2042 -0.49% -0.64%
2041 -0.49% -0.63%
2040 -0.49% -0.62%
2039 -0.49% -0.6%
2038 -0.5% -0.59%
2037 -0.52% -0.58%
2036 -0.52% -0.56%
2035 -0.53% -0.54%
2034 -0.53% -0.53%
2033 -0.54% -0.51%
2032 -0.54% -0.5%
2031 -0.54% -0.47%
2030 -0.53% -0.46%
2029 -0.54% -0.43%
2028 -0.54% -0.4%
2027 -0.53% -0.38%
2026 -1.42% -1.18%
2025 -0.43% -0.34%
2024 0.15% -0.35%
2023 1.59% -0.36%
2022 1.35% -0.43%
2021 0.11% -1.42%
2020 0.2% -1.18%
2019 0.37% -0.02%
2018 0.35% -0%
2017 0.12% 0.01%
2016 0.03% -0.04%
2015 0.07% -0.07%
2014 -0.26% -0.07%
2013 -0.36% -0.06%
2012 -0.36% -0%
2011 -0.3% 0.05%
2010 -0.23% -0.29%
2009 -0.19% 0.07%
2008 -0.27% 0.01%
2007 -0.46% -0.05%
2006 -0.59% -0.06%
2005 -0.57% -0.04%
2004 -0.6% -0.06%
2003 -0.63% -0.07%
2002 -0.63% -0.05%
2001 -0.63% -0.03%
2000 0.48% -1.04%
1999 0.29% -0.008%
1998 -0.96% 0.04%
1997 -1.13% 0.07%
1996 -1.46% 0.08%
1995 -1.77% 0.14%
1994 -2.12% 0.21%
1993 -2.54% 0.25%
1992 -1.81% 0.31%
1991 -0.5% 0.36%
1990 0.07% 0.39%
1989 0.4% 0.36%
1988 0.62% 0.42%
1987 0.78% 0.57%
1986 0.75% 0.68%
1985 0.67% 0.81%
1984 0.65% 0.91%
1983 0.69% 0.94%
1982 0.72% 0.92%
1981 0.71% 0.91%
1980 0.61% 0.93%
1979 0.56% 0.81%
1978 0.69% 0.8%
1977 0.74% 0.97%
1976 0.72% 1%
1975 0.79% 1%
1974 0.87% 0.96%
1973 0.96% 0.91%
1972 1.13% 0.83%
1971 1.24% 0.36%
1970 1.1% 0.36%
1969 1.05% 0.79%
1968 0.93% 0.96%
1967 0.79% 0.97%
1966 1.08% 0.75%
1965 1.37% 0.98%
1964 1.45% 1.39%
1963 1.39% 1.33%
1962 1.35% 1.15%
1961 1.12% 1.1%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/estonia/poland | CC BY

In 2025, the population of Estonia declined by 0.43%, while Poland's population declined by 0.34%.

Live population counters

Estonia Poland
Current population
1347027
36007074
Population rank 155/197 47/197
Percent of world population 0.02% 0.43%
One net population change
1.5 hours
4.27 minutes
One birth every
53.9 minutes
2.08 minutes
One death every
33.3 minutes
1.28 minutes
Daily growth/decline -16 -338
Annual growth/decline -5,866 -123,372
Annual growth/decline rate -0.43% -0.34%
Population growth rate rank 182/197 179/197
One migration net change every
39.5 minutes
1.59 minutes
Annual migration change -13,350 -330,820
Net migration rank 141/196 191/196
Foreign-born residents 203,046 1,739,901
Foreign-born residents rank 110/195 41/195
Foreign-born share of population 14.9% 4.5%
Foreign-born share rank 43/195 97/195

Natural population change vs migration

Estonia
Natural

Migration
Poland
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Estonia Poland
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - -13,350 - -330,820
2024 -6,038 -7,742 -157,205 -238,062
2023 -5,070 5,717 -135,743 -7,824
2022 -5,665 39,754 -143,605 967,744
2021 -5,324 7,043 -184,907 2,251
2020 -2,659 3,694 -120,050 3,920
2019 -1,327 5,386 -34,169 7,696
2018 -1,322 7,089 -26,582 -223
2017 -1,713 5,202 0 -21,535
2016 -1,316 1,081 -3,797 -5,675
2015 -1,315 4,261 -26,590 3,887
2014 -1,972 -674 0 5,525
2013 -1,713 -2,688 -19,020 12,402
2012 -1,455 -3,674 0 4,635
2011 -531 -3,941 11,419 45,951
2010 0 -3,781 38,043 119,623
2009 -400 -2,089 30,521 -8,283
2008 -668 -2,034 34,313 -42,288
2007 -1,608 -2,941 11,436 -51,235
2006 -2,559 -5,351 3,814 -68,882
2005 -2,981 -5,208 -3,817 -41,942
2004 -3,679 -3,681 -7,637 -38,216
2003 -5,072 -3,705 -15,281 -19,039
2002 -5,380 -2,889 -3,823 -16,462
2001 -5,830 -3,280 3,825 -16,648
2000 -5,309 -3,083 11,478 -15,921
1999 -6,117 1,419 0 -53,035
1998 -7,208 -3,296 19,332 -39,509
1997 -6,018 -4,066 34,785 -44,230
1996 -5,662 -10,540 42,487 -45,349
1995 -7,327 -12,655 46,314 -52,989
1994 -8,044 -17,984 96,357 -41,845
1993 -5,976 -25,501 103,846 -48,805
1992 -1,993 -38,391 118,928 -46,893
1991 -312 -9,712 141,511 -55,342
1990 2,825 -2,660 160,066 -50,339
1989 5,803 -368 182,215 -49,192
1988 6,404 5,256 215,599 -101,671
1987 6,829 5,389 226,008 -32,310
1986 6,160 5,260 258,448 -22,520
1985 4,281 5,097 297,615 -27,277
1984 5,163 5,006 332,137 -18,402
1983 5,884 4,986 373,032 -26,724
1982 5,244 4,832 369,551 -34,980
1981 4,612 4,789 351,806 -16,155
1980 3,989 4,619 348,627 -42,420
1979 3,818 4,521 366,571 -22,162
1978 4,088 7,234 339,166 -62,936
1977 4,931 7,189 353,828 -33,496
1976 4,319 6,942 367,612 -25,716
1975 4,717 6,737 350,356 -31,346
1974 5,956 6,594 346,893 -18,273
1973 5,623 6,488 320,229 -29,335
1972 6,267 6,432 314,028 -15,004
1971 7,160 6,392 278,660 -31,767
1970 6,257 6,158 280,913 -66,859
1969 5,515 8,650 270,151 -26,744
1968 5,592 9,403 280,963 -11,905
1967 5,012 9,115 275,089 -25,479
1966 4,842 8,998 297,801 -17,158
1965 5,437 8,851 314,450 -21,658
1964 6,897 8,734 326,965 -23,273
1963 6,043 8,410 359,330 -13,770
1962 6,457 8,248 360,671 -31,021
1961 7,228 7,991 398,521 -20,044
1960 7,511 7,762 444,562 -6,306

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/estonia/poland | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 30.8% of the population change in Estonia is from natural causes (a loss of 31,749 people) and 69.2% is from migration (a gain of 71,485 people). In Poland 53.9% is from natural causes (a loss of 832,648 people) and 46.1% is from migration (a gain of 712,179 people).

As of 2024, 203,046 residents or 14.9% of the population were not native-born in Estonia, compared to 1,739,901 people or 4.5% in Poland.

Biggest cities by population

Estonia
City Population
Tallinn 458K
Tartu 97.8K
Narva 53.4K
Parnu 41.5K
Kohtla-Jarve 33.4K
Viljandi 17.3K
Maardu 17K
Rakvere 15.7K
Kuressaare 13.2K
Sillamae 12.4K
Poland
City Population
Warsaw 1.86M
Krakow 804K
Wroclaw 674K
Lodz 649K
Poznan 547K
Gdansk 488K
Szczecin 388K
Lublin 335K
Bydgoszcz 325K
Bialystok 290K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/estonia/poland | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)

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