The latest officially reported population of Estonia was 1,366,475 in 2025 vs 12,188,788 people in South Sudan in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Estonia's population is 1,347,027 people compared to 12,565,048 in South Sudan.
Population statistics:
- South Sudan's population is 9.33 times bigger than Estonia's.
- Estonia is ranked the 155th most populous country in the world, while South Sudan is the 80th.
- The countries together account for 0.17% of the world: 0.02% for Estonia vs 0.15% for South Sudan.
- For the last 10 years, Estonia has had an average growth rate of +0.35% per year vs +0.78% in South Sudan.
- Since 2006, the population of Estonia has increased from 1.35M people to 1.35M (0.02% growth), while South Sudan has grown from 7.98M to 12.6M (57.5% growth).
Estonia vs South Sudan: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Estonia
|
South Sudan
|
|
| 2100 | 836,010 | 24,078,379 |
| 2099 | 841,611 | 24,072,957 |
| 2098 | 847,091 | 24,054,947 |
| 2097 | 852,580 | 24,056,753 |
| 2096 | 858,210 | 24,045,972 |
| 2095 | 863,813 | 24,037,837 |
| 2094 | 869,346 | 24,039,267 |
| 2093 | 874,966 | 24,030,512 |
| 2092 | 880,538 | 24,010,555 |
| 2091 | 886,175 | 23,991,816 |
| 2090 | 891,952 | 23,970,012 |
| 2089 | 897,814 | 23,929,017 |
| 2088 | 903,726 | 23,883,712 |
| 2087 | 909,938 | 23,848,809 |
| 2086 | 916,313 | 23,794,890 |
| 2085 | 922,817 | 23,750,772 |
| 2084 | 929,590 | 23,678,728 |
| 2083 | 936,429 | 23,609,290 |
| 2082 | 943,318 | 23,532,790 |
| 2081 | 950,224 | 23,458,146 |
| 2080 | 957,303 | 23,383,482 |
| 2079 | 964,518 | 23,286,011 |
| 2078 | 971,861 | 23,188,860 |
| 2077 | 979,290 | 23,078,416 |
| 2076 | 986,730 | 22,979,198 |
| 2075 | 994,224 | 22,860,496 |
| 2074 | 1,001,883 | 22,718,148 |
| 2073 | 1,009,652 | 22,575,682 |
| 2072 | 1,017,490 | 22,431,004 |
| 2071 | 1,025,441 | 22,280,140 |
| 2070 | 1,033,527 | 22,143,813 |
| 2069 | 1,041,579 | 21,995,874 |
| 2068 | 1,049,614 | 21,822,076 |
| 2067 | 1,057,732 | 21,654,546 |
| 2066 | 1,065,824 | 21,489,275 |
| 2065 | 1,073,994 | 21,309,913 |
| 2064 | 1,082,173 | 21,134,522 |
| 2063 | 1,090,322 | 20,957,705 |
| 2062 | 1,098,483 | 20,777,701 |
| 2061 | 1,106,624 | 20,601,672 |
| 2060 | 1,114,804 | 20,423,629 |
| 2059 | 1,122,732 | 20,227,862 |
| 2058 | 1,130,617 | 20,041,880 |
| 2057 | 1,138,317 | 19,846,671 |
| 2056 | 1,145,937 | 19,652,407 |
| 2055 | 1,153,485 | 19,457,411 |
| 2054 | 1,160,725 | 19,250,667 |
| 2053 | 1,167,900 | 19,053,773 |
| 2052 | 1,174,867 | 18,833,795 |
| 2051 | 1,181,816 | 18,626,605 |
| 2050 | 1,188,591 | 18,427,690 |
| 2049 | 1,195,231 | 18,224,430 |
| 2048 | 1,201,594 | 18,014,650 |
| 2047 | 1,207,963 | 17,799,982 |
| 2046 | 1,214,281 | 17,572,953 |
| 2045 | 1,220,553 | 17,348,901 |
| 2044 | 1,226,815 | 17,115,914 |
| 2043 | 1,232,969 | 16,882,303 |
| 2042 | 1,239,123 | 16,639,465 |
| 2041 | 1,245,261 | 16,390,966 |
| 2040 | 1,251,349 | 16,137,104 |
| 2039 | 1,257,523 | 15,884,330 |
| 2038 | 1,263,757 | 15,622,514 |
| 2037 | 1,270,161 | 15,358,539 |
| 2036 | 1,276,749 | 15,085,936 |
| 2035 | 1,283,416 | 14,810,066 |
| 2034 | 1,290,282 | 14,538,365 |
| 2033 | 1,297,198 | 14,273,128 |
| 2032 | 1,304,236 | 14,002,178 |
| 2031 | 1,311,342 | 13,725,779 |
| 2030 | 1,318,468 | 13,460,850 |
| 2029 | 1,325,543 | 13,201,804 |
| 2028 | 1,332,712 | 12,942,501 |
| 2027 | 1,339,889 | 12,688,278 |
| 2026 | 1,347,027 | 12,434,895 |
| 2025 | 1,366,475 | 12,188,788 |
| 2024 | 1,372,341 | 11,943,408 |
| 2023 | 1,370,286 | 11,483,374 |
| 2022 | 1,348,840 | 11,021,177 |
| 2021 | 1,330,932 | 10,865,780 |
| 2020 | 1,329,522 | 10,698,467 |
| 2019 | 1,326,898 | 10,423,384 |
| 2018 | 1,321,977 | 10,122,977 |
| 2017 | 1,317,384 | 10,259,154 |
| 2016 | 1,315,790 | 10,830,102 |
| 2015 | 1,315,407 | 11,107,561 |
| 2014 | 1,314,545 | 11,235,073 |
| 2013 | 1,317,997 | 11,166,275 |
| 2012 | 1,322,696 | 10,756,240 |
| 2011 | 1,327,439 | 10,288,109 |
| 2010 | 1,331,475 | 9,745,953 |
| 2009 | 1,334,515 | 9,243,556 |
| 2008 | 1,337,090 | 8,817,647 |
| 2007 | 1,340,680 | 8,388,788 |
| 2006 | 1,346,810 | 7,976,526 |
| 2005 | 1,354,775 | 7,590,143 |
| 2004 | 1,362,550 | 7,233,041 |
| 2003 | 1,370,720 | 6,903,127 |
| 2002 | 1,379,350 | 6,596,806 |
| 2001 | 1,388,115 | 6,308,391 |
| 2000 | 1,396,985 | 6,032,267 |
| 1999 | 1,390,244 | 5,771,628 |
| 1998 | 1,386,156 | 5,620,068 |
| 1997 | 1,399,535 | 5,509,136 |
| 1996 | 1,415,594 | 5,356,925 |
| 1995 | 1,436,634 | 5,225,836 |
| 1994 | 1,462,514 | 5,071,184 |
| 1993 | 1,494,128 | 4,956,002 |
| 1992 | 1,533,091 | 4,909,749 |
| 1991 | 1,561,314 | 4,836,677 |
| 1990 | 1,569,174 | 4,737,633 |
| 1989 | 1,568,131 | 4,713,229 |
| 1988 | 1,561,900 | 4,848,029 |
| 1987 | 1,552,221 | 4,962,395 |
| 1986 | 1,540,190 | 4,921,240 |
| 1985 | 1,528,781 | 4,834,296 |
| 1984 | 1,518,617 | 4,750,627 |
| 1983 | 1,508,745 | 4,661,574 |
| 1982 | 1,498,414 | 4,557,686 |
| 1981 | 1,487,666 | 4,447,272 |
| 1980 | 1,477,219 | 4,339,030 |
| 1979 | 1,468,333 | 4,232,605 |
| 1978 | 1,460,188 | 4,127,657 |
| 1977 | 1,450,211 | 4,024,032 |
| 1976 | 1,439,576 | 3,921,910 |
| 1975 | 1,429,352 | 3,821,494 |
| 1974 | 1,418,169 | 3,723,259 |
| 1973 | 1,405,951 | 3,627,383 |
| 1972 | 1,392,518 | 3,542,497 |
| 1971 | 1,376,955 | 3,468,646 |
| 1970 | 1,360,076 | 3,409,614 |
| 1969 | 1,345,249 | 3,365,533 |
| 1968 | 1,331,214 | 3,321,528 |
| 1967 | 1,318,946 | 3,277,648 |
| 1966 | 1,308,597 | 3,236,423 |
| 1965 | 1,294,566 | 3,189,835 |
| 1964 | 1,277,086 | 3,129,918 |
| 1963 | 1,258,857 | 3,072,669 |
| 1962 | 1,241,623 | 3,024,308 |
| 1961 | 1,225,077 | 2,976,724 |
| 1960 | 1,211,537 | 2,931,559 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/estonia/south-sudan | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Estonia decreased by 31,020 people (a 2.3% decline), while South Sudan gained 2,853,576 people (a 35.8% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Estonia gained 31,237 people (a 2.37% growth), while South Sudan's population increased by 1,734,946 people (a 16% growth).
Estonia was ranked 149th most populous country in 2006 and is 155th in 2026. South Sudan was ranked 92nd in 2006 and ranked 80th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Estonia's population will shrink by 11.8% to 1,188,591 people with a rank change from 155th to 159th. The population of South Sudan will increase by 46.7% to 18,427,690 people and rank change from 80th to 78th.
South Sudan is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 24.1M people, while Estonia's population already peaked in 1990 at 1.57M people and is projected to decrease to 836K people by 2100.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Estonia
|
South Sudan
|
|
| 2100 | -0.67% | 0.02% |
| 2099 | -0.65% | 0.07% |
| 2098 | -0.64% | -0.008% |
| 2097 | -0.66% | 0.04% |
| 2096 | -0.65% | 0.03% |
| 2095 | -0.64% | -0.006% |
| 2094 | -0.64% | 0.04% |
| 2093 | -0.63% | 0.08% |
| 2092 | -0.64% | 0.08% |
| 2091 | -0.65% | 0.09% |
| 2090 | -0.65% | 0.17% |
| 2089 | -0.65% | 0.19% |
| 2088 | -0.68% | 0.15% |
| 2087 | -0.7% | 0.23% |
| 2086 | -0.7% | 0.19% |
| 2085 | -0.73% | 0.3% |
| 2084 | -0.73% | 0.29% |
| 2083 | -0.73% | 0.33% |
| 2082 | -0.73% | 0.32% |
| 2081 | -0.74% | 0.32% |
| 2080 | -0.75% | 0.42% |
| 2079 | -0.76% | 0.42% |
| 2078 | -0.76% | 0.48% |
| 2077 | -0.75% | 0.43% |
| 2076 | -0.75% | 0.52% |
| 2075 | -0.76% | 0.63% |
| 2074 | -0.77% | 0.63% |
| 2073 | -0.77% | 0.64% |
| 2072 | -0.78% | 0.68% |
| 2071 | -0.78% | 0.62% |
| 2070 | -0.77% | 0.67% |
| 2069 | -0.77% | 0.8% |
| 2068 | -0.77% | 0.77% |
| 2067 | -0.76% | 0.77% |
| 2066 | -0.76% | 0.84% |
| 2065 | -0.76% | 0.83% |
| 2064 | -0.75% | 0.84% |
| 2063 | -0.74% | 0.87% |
| 2062 | -0.74% | 0.85% |
| 2061 | -0.73% | 0.87% |
| 2060 | -0.71% | 0.97% |
| 2059 | -0.7% | 0.93% |
| 2058 | -0.68% | 0.98% |
| 2057 | -0.66% | 0.99% |
| 2056 | -0.65% | 1% |
| 2055 | -0.62% | 1.07% |
| 2054 | -0.61% | 1.03% |
| 2053 | -0.59% | 1.17% |
| 2052 | -0.59% | 1.11% |
| 2051 | -0.57% | 1.08% |
| 2050 | -0.56% | 1.12% |
| 2049 | -0.53% | 1.16% |
| 2048 | -0.53% | 1.21% |
| 2047 | -0.52% | 1.29% |
| 2046 | -0.51% | 1.29% |
| 2045 | -0.51% | 1.36% |
| 2044 | -0.5% | 1.38% |
| 2043 | -0.5% | 1.46% |
| 2042 | -0.49% | 1.52% |
| 2041 | -0.49% | 1.57% |
| 2040 | -0.49% | 1.59% |
| 2039 | -0.49% | 1.68% |
| 2038 | -0.5% | 1.72% |
| 2037 | -0.52% | 1.81% |
| 2036 | -0.52% | 1.86% |
| 2035 | -0.53% | 1.87% |
| 2034 | -0.53% | 1.86% |
| 2033 | -0.54% | 1.94% |
| 2032 | -0.54% | 2.01% |
| 2031 | -0.54% | 1.97% |
| 2030 | -0.53% | 1.96% |
| 2029 | -0.54% | 2% |
| 2028 | -0.54% | 2% |
| 2027 | -0.53% | 2.04% |
| 2026 | -1.42% | 2.02% |
| 2025 | -0.43% | 2.05% |
| 2024 | 0.15% | 4.01% |
| 2023 | 1.59% | 4.19% |
| 2022 | 1.35% | 1.43% |
| 2021 | 0.11% | 1.56% |
| 2020 | 0.2% | 2.64% |
| 2019 | 0.37% | 2.97% |
| 2018 | 0.35% | -1.33% |
| 2017 | 0.12% | -5.27% |
| 2016 | 0.03% | -2.5% |
| 2015 | 0.07% | -1.13% |
| 2014 | -0.26% | 0.62% |
| 2013 | -0.36% | 3.81% |
| 2012 | -0.36% | 4.55% |
| 2011 | -0.3% | 5.56% |
| 2010 | -0.23% | 5.44% |
| 2009 | -0.19% | 4.83% |
| 2008 | -0.27% | 5.11% |
| 2007 | -0.46% | 5.17% |
| 2006 | -0.59% | 5.09% |
| 2005 | -0.57% | 4.94% |
| 2004 | -0.6% | 4.78% |
| 2003 | -0.63% | 4.64% |
| 2002 | -0.63% | 4.57% |
| 2001 | -0.63% | 4.58% |
| 2000 | 0.48% | 4.52% |
| 1999 | 0.29% | 2.7% |
| 1998 | -0.96% | 2.01% |
| 1997 | -1.13% | 2.84% |
| 1996 | -1.46% | 2.51% |
| 1995 | -1.77% | 3.05% |
| 1994 | -2.12% | 2.32% |
| 1993 | -2.54% | 0.94% |
| 1992 | -1.81% | 1.51% |
| 1991 | -0.5% | 2.09% |
| 1990 | 0.07% | 0.52% |
| 1989 | 0.4% | -2.78% |
| 1988 | 0.62% | -2.3% |
| 1987 | 0.78% | 0.84% |
| 1986 | 0.75% | 1.8% |
| 1985 | 0.67% | 1.76% |
| 1984 | 0.65% | 1.91% |
| 1983 | 0.69% | 2.28% |
| 1982 | 0.72% | 2.48% |
| 1981 | 0.71% | 2.49% |
| 1980 | 0.61% | 2.51% |
| 1979 | 0.56% | 2.54% |
| 1978 | 0.69% | 2.58% |
| 1977 | 0.74% | 2.6% |
| 1976 | 0.72% | 2.63% |
| 1975 | 0.79% | 2.64% |
| 1974 | 0.87% | 2.64% |
| 1973 | 0.96% | 2.4% |
| 1972 | 1.13% | 2.13% |
| 1971 | 1.24% | 1.73% |
| 1970 | 1.1% | 1.31% |
| 1969 | 1.05% | 1.32% |
| 1968 | 0.93% | 1.34% |
| 1967 | 0.79% | 1.27% |
| 1966 | 1.08% | 1.46% |
| 1965 | 1.37% | 1.91% |
| 1964 | 1.45% | 1.86% |
| 1963 | 1.39% | 1.6% |
| 1962 | 1.35% | 1.6% |
| 1961 | 1.12% | 1.54% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/estonia/south-sudan | CC BY
In 2025, the population of Estonia declined by 0.43%, while South Sudan's population grew by 2.05%.
Live population counters
|
Estonia
|
South Sudan
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
1347027
|
12565048
|
| Population rank | 155/197 | 80/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.02% | 0.15% |
| One net population change |
1.5 hours
|
2.15 minutes
|
| One birth every |
53.9 minutes
|
1.51 minutes
|
| One death every |
33.3 minutes
|
4.48 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | -16 | +672 |
| Annual growth/decline | -5,866 | +245,380 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | -0.43% | +2.05% |
| Population growth rate rank | 182/197 | 48/197 |
| One migration net change every |
39.5 minutes
|
1.43 hours
|
| Annual migration change | -13,350 | +6,145 |
| Net migration rank | 141/196 | 50/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 203,046 | 914,001 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 110/195 | 62/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 14.9% | 7.7% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 43/195 | 77/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Estonia
|
South Sudan
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -13,350 | - | 6,145 |
| 2024 | -6,038 | -7,742 | 231,714 | 15,374 |
| 2023 | -5,070 | 5,717 | 217,966 | 455,000 |
| 2022 | -5,665 | 39,754 | 211,166 | 40,259 |
| 2021 | -5,324 | 7,043 | 213,567 | -154,359 |
| 2020 | -2,659 | 3,694 | 212,332 | 62,935 |
| 2019 | -1,327 | 5,386 | 209,708 | 65,198 |
| 2018 | -1,322 | 7,089 | 168,497 | 157,408 |
| 2017 | -1,713 | 5,202 | 72,193 | -670,477 |
| 2016 | -1,316 | 1,081 | 110,553 | -654,225 |
| 2015 | -1,315 | 4,261 | 148,542 | -159,822 |
| 2014 | -1,972 | -674 | 227,611 | -471,523 |
| 2013 | -1,713 | -2,688 | 315,983 | 65,337 |
| 2012 | -1,455 | -3,674 | 312,974 | 125,771 |
| 2011 | -531 | -3,941 | 303,181 | 194,325 |
| 2010 | 0 | -3,781 | 287,409 | 299,402 |
| 2009 | -400 | -2,089 | 278,859 | 139,129 |
| 2008 | -668 | -2,034 | 268,268 | 165,557 |
| 2007 | -1,608 | -2,941 | 256,546 | 167,350 |
| 2006 | -2,559 | -5,351 | 246,706 | 153,926 |
| 2005 | -2,981 | -5,208 | 239,272 | 132,869 |
| 2004 | -3,679 | -3,681 | 231,877 | 110,182 |
| 2003 | -5,072 | -3,705 | 225,822 | 91,951 |
| 2002 | -5,380 | -2,889 | 212,014 | 82,847 |
| 2001 | -5,830 | -3,280 | 204,108 | 77,856 |
| 2000 | -5,309 | -3,083 | 196,055 | 74,227 |
| 1999 | -6,117 | 1,419 | 180,721 | 70,271 |
| 1998 | -7,208 | -3,296 | -12,157 | 64,285 |
| 1997 | -6,018 | -4,066 | 121,454 | 48,280 |
| 1996 | -5,662 | -10,540 | 116,728 | 17,953 |
| 1995 | -7,327 | -12,655 | 110,417 | 17,077 |
| 1994 | -8,044 | -17,984 | 165,407 | 16,407 |
| 1993 | -5,976 | -25,501 | 32,779 | 15,772 |
| 1992 | -1,993 | -38,391 | 28,874 | 15,077 |
| 1991 | -312 | -9,712 | 87,873 | 14,327 |
| 1990 | 2,825 | -2,660 | 82,900 | 12,988 |
| 1989 | 5,803 | -368 | 83,735 | -130,821 |
| 1988 | 6,404 | 5,256 | -125,447 | -97,065 |
| 1987 | 6,829 | 5,389 | 5,756 | -11,976 |
| 1986 | 6,160 | 5,260 | 99,502 | -10,973 |
| 1985 | 4,281 | 5,097 | 95,342 | -9,986 |
| 1984 | 5,163 | 5,006 | 90,970 | -8,984 |
| 1983 | 5,884 | 4,986 | 104,107 | -7,986 |
| 1982 | 5,244 | 4,832 | 118,641 | -6,983 |
| 1981 | 4,612 | 4,789 | 115,163 | -5,994 |
| 1980 | 3,989 | 4,619 | 112,307 | -4,997 |
| 1979 | 3,818 | 4,521 | 109,540 | -3,997 |
| 1978 | 4,088 | 7,234 | 107,352 | -2,998 |
| 1977 | 4,931 | 7,189 | 104,886 | -1,997 |
| 1976 | 4,319 | 6,942 | 102,346 | -995 |
| 1975 | 4,717 | 6,737 | 99,882 | -395 |
| 1974 | 5,956 | 6,594 | 97,181 | -192 |
| 1973 | 5,623 | 6,488 | 94,765 | 0 |
| 1972 | 6,267 | 6,432 | 74,803 | 193 |
| 1971 | 7,160 | 6,392 | 72,308 | 394 |
| 1970 | 6,257 | 6,158 | 44,776 | 587 |
| 1969 | 5,515 | 8,650 | 42,015 | 786 |
| 1968 | 5,592 | 9,403 | 44,213 | 995 |
| 1967 | 5,012 | 9,115 | 41,357 | 1,194 |
| 1966 | 4,842 | 8,998 | 38,523 | 1,386 |
| 1965 | 5,437 | 8,851 | 51,682 | 1,591 |
| 1964 | 6,897 | 8,734 | 64,786 | 1,785 |
| 1963 | 6,043 | 8,410 | 46,333 | 1,591 |
| 1962 | 6,457 | 8,248 | 47,406 | 1,386 |
| 1961 | 7,228 | 7,991 | 45,186 | 1,194 |
| 1960 | 7,511 | 7,762 | 42,945 | 995 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/estonia/south-sudan | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 30.8% of the population change in Estonia is from natural causes (a loss of 31,749 people) and 69.2% is from migration (a gain of 71,485 people). In South Sudan 68.1% is from natural causes (a gain of 1,796,238 people) and 31.9% is from migration (a loss of 842,709 people).
As of 2024, 203,046 residents or 14.9% of the population were not native-born in Estonia, compared to 914,001 people or 7.7% in South Sudan.
Biggest cities by population
|
Estonia
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Tallinn | 458K |
| Tartu | 97.8K |
| Narva | 53.4K |
| Parnu | 41.5K |
| Kohtla-Jarve | 33.4K |
| Viljandi | 17.3K |
| Maardu | 17K |
| Rakvere | 15.7K |
| Kuressaare | 13.2K |
| Sillamae | 12.4K |
|
South Sudan
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Juba | 500K |
| Wau | 321K |
| Bor | 315K |
| Malakal | 147K |
| Yambio | 130K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Estonia and South Sudan
|
Estonia
|
South Sudan
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 79.6 years | 58 years |
| Average age | 43.4 years | 24.5 years |
| Median age | 43.8 years | 19.7 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 47.6:52.4 | 49.2:50.8 |
| Fertility rate | 1.18 births per woman | 3.79 births per woman |
| Population density | 81.6 ppl/mi² | 51 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/estonia/south-sudan | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
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