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Population in Estonia compared to Lithuania: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank team

The latest officially reported population of Estonia was 1,372,341 in 2024 vs 2,888,278 people in Lithuania in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Estonia's population is 1,339,590 people compared to 2,829,914 in Lithuania.

Population statistics:

  • Lithuania's population is 2.11 times bigger than Estonia's.
  • Estonia is ranked the 155th most populous country in the world, while Lithuania is the 140th.
  • The countries together account for 0.05% of the world: 0.02% for Estonia vs 0.03% for Lithuania.
  • For the last 10 years, Estonia has had an average growth rate of +0.37% per year vs -0.22% in Lithuania.
  • Since 2006, the population of Estonia has decreased from 1.35M people to 1.34M (0.54% decline), while Lithuania has declined from 3.27M to 2.83M (13.5% decline).

Estonia vs Lithuania: population by year and forecast

Estonia
Factual

Projection
Lithuania
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Estonia Lithuania
2100 831,394 1,225,633
2099 836,965 1,241,510
2098 842,414 1,257,497
2097 847,873 1,273,678
2096 853,472 1,290,189
2095 859,044 1,307,275
2094 864,547 1,324,312
2093 870,136 1,341,875
2092 875,676 1,360,029
2091 881,282 1,378,546
2090 887,028 1,397,420
2089 892,857 1,416,650
2088 898,736 1,436,421
2087 904,914 1,456,324
2086 911,254 1,476,301
2085 917,722 1,496,940
2084 924,458 1,517,611
2083 931,259 1,538,569
2082 938,110 1,559,787
2081 944,978 1,581,134
2080 952,018 1,602,498
2079 959,194 1,623,820
2078 966,496 1,645,249
2077 973,883 1,666,665
2076 981,283 1,688,177
2075 988,735 1,709,720
2074 996,352 1,731,404
2073 1,004,078 1,752,662
2072 1,011,873 1,773,945
2071 1,019,779 1,795,473
2070 1,027,821 1,817,142
2069 1,035,828 1,839,387
2068 1,043,819 1,861,529
2067 1,051,892 1,883,928
2066 1,059,940 1,906,591
2065 1,068,064 1,929,619
2064 1,076,199 1,952,334
2063 1,084,303 1,975,020
2062 1,092,418 1,998,444
2061 1,100,514 2,021,930
2060 1,108,650 2,045,989
2059 1,116,534 2,070,233
2058 1,124,375 2,094,564
2057 1,132,033 2,118,985
2056 1,139,610 2,143,474
2055 1,147,117 2,168,085
2054 1,154,317 2,192,337
2053 1,161,452 2,216,075
2052 1,168,381 2,240,149
2051 1,175,291 2,263,905
2050 1,182,029 2,287,466
2049 1,188,633 2,310,176
2048 1,194,960 2,333,041
2047 1,201,294 2,356,291
2046 1,207,577 2,378,713
2045 1,213,815 2,401,082
2044 1,220,042 2,423,438
2043 1,226,162 2,446,634
2042 1,232,282 2,469,564
2041 1,238,386 2,492,222
2040 1,244,441 2,514,657
2039 1,250,581 2,538,036
2038 1,256,780 2,560,781
2037 1,263,149 2,583,644
2036 1,269,700 2,605,925
2035 1,276,331 2,627,752
2034 1,283,159 2,650,015
2033 1,290,037 2,671,840
2032 1,297,036 2,693,646
2031 1,304,102 2,715,491
2030 1,311,189 2,737,751
2029 1,318,225 2,760,194
2028 1,325,354 2,783,343
2027 1,332,492 2,806,651
2026 1,339,590 2,829,914
2025 1,358,931 2,872,755
2024 1,372,341 2,888,278
2023 1,370,286 2,871,585
2022 1,348,840 2,831,639
2021 1,330,932 2,808,380
2020 1,329,522 2,810,369
2019 1,326,898 2,811,089
2018 1,321,977 2,819,200
2017 1,317,384 2,842,639
2016 1,315,790 2,877,325
2015 1,315,407 2,911,109
2014 1,314,545 2,937,253
2013 1,317,997 2,961,250
2012 1,322,696 2,989,139
2011 1,327,439 3,028,115
2010 1,331,475 3,097,282
2009 1,334,515 3,162,916
2008 1,337,090 3,198,231
2007 1,340,680 3,231,294
2006 1,346,810 3,269,909
2005 1,354,775 3,322,528
2004 1,362,550 3,377,075
2003 1,370,720 3,415,213
2002 1,379,350 3,443,067
2001 1,388,115 3,470,818
2000 1,396,985 3,499,536
1999 1,390,244 3,524,238
1998 1,386,156 3,549,331
1997 1,399,535 3,575,137
1996 1,415,594 3,601,613
1995 1,436,634 3,629,102
1994 1,462,514 3,657,144
1993 1,494,128 3,682,613
1992 1,533,091 3,700,114
1991 1,561,314 3,704,134
1990 1,569,174 3,697,838
1989 1,568,131 3,684,255
1988 1,561,900 3,655,049
1987 1,552,221 3,616,367
1986 1,540,190 3,578,914
1985 1,528,781 3,544,543
1984 1,518,617 3,514,205
1983 1,508,745 3,485,192
1982 1,498,414 3,457,179
1981 1,487,666 3,432,947
1980 1,477,219 3,413,202
1979 1,468,333 3,397,842
1978 1,460,188 3,379,514
1977 1,450,211 3,355,036
1976 1,439,576 3,328,664
1975 1,429,352 3,301,652
1974 1,418,169 3,273,894
1973 1,405,951 3,244,438
1972 1,392,518 3,213,622
1971 1,376,955 3,179,041
1970 1,360,076 3,139,689
1969 1,345,249 3,107,321
1968 1,331,214 3,078,850
1967 1,318,946 3,044,400
1966 1,308,597 3,008,050
1965 1,294,566 2,971,450
1964 1,277,086 2,935,200
1963 1,258,857 2,898,950
1962 1,241,623 2,863,350
1961 1,225,077 2,823,550
1960 1,211,537 2,778,550

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/estonia/lithuania | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Estonia decreased by 31,020 people (a 2.3% decline), while Lithuania lost 392,584 people (a 12% decline).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Estonia gained 23,800 people (a 1.81% growth), while Lithuania's population decreased by 47,411 people (a 1.65% decline).

Estonia was ranked 149th most populous country in 2006 and is 155th in 2026. Lithuania was ranked 130th in 2006 and ranked 140th now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Estonia's population will shrink by 11.8% to 1,182,029 people with a rank change from 155th to 159th. The population of Lithuania will decrease by 19.2% to 2,287,466 people and rank change from 140th to 145th.

Both countries are in a period of decline and in 50 years are projected to lose 26.7% of the population in Estonia and 40.3% in Lithuania.

Population growth rate by year

Estonia
Factual

Projection
Lithuania
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Estonia Lithuania
2100 -0.67% -1.28%
2099 -0.65% -1.27%
2098 -0.64% -1.27%
2097 -0.66% -1.28%
2096 -0.65% -1.31%
2095 -0.64% -1.29%
2094 -0.64% -1.31%
2093 -0.63% -1.33%
2092 -0.64% -1.34%
2091 -0.65% -1.35%
2090 -0.65% -1.36%
2089 -0.65% -1.38%
2088 -0.68% -1.37%
2087 -0.7% -1.35%
2086 -0.7% -1.38%
2085 -0.73% -1.36%
2084 -0.73% -1.36%
2083 -0.73% -1.36%
2082 -0.73% -1.35%
2081 -0.74% -1.33%
2080 -0.75% -1.31%
2079 -0.76% -1.3%
2078 -0.76% -1.28%
2077 -0.75% -1.27%
2076 -0.75% -1.26%
2075 -0.76% -1.25%
2074 -0.77% -1.21%
2073 -0.77% -1.2%
2072 -0.78% -1.2%
2071 -0.78% -1.19%
2070 -0.77% -1.21%
2069 -0.77% -1.19%
2068 -0.77% -1.19%
2067 -0.76% -1.19%
2066 -0.76% -1.19%
2065 -0.76% -1.16%
2064 -0.75% -1.15%
2063 -0.74% -1.17%
2062 -0.74% -1.16%
2061 -0.73% -1.18%
2060 -0.71% -1.17%
2059 -0.7% -1.16%
2058 -0.68% -1.15%
2057 -0.66% -1.14%
2056 -0.65% -1.14%
2055 -0.62% -1.11%
2054 -0.61% -1.07%
2053 -0.59% -1.07%
2052 -0.59% -1.05%
2051 -0.57% -1.03%
2050 -0.56% -0.98%
2049 -0.53% -0.98%
2048 -0.53% -0.99%
2047 -0.52% -0.94%
2046 -0.51% -0.93%
2045 -0.51% -0.92%
2044 -0.5% -0.95%
2043 -0.5% -0.93%
2042 -0.49% -0.91%
2041 -0.49% -0.89%
2040 -0.49% -0.92%
2039 -0.49% -0.89%
2038 -0.5% -0.88%
2037 -0.52% -0.86%
2036 -0.52% -0.83%
2035 -0.53% -0.84%
2034 -0.53% -0.82%
2033 -0.54% -0.81%
2032 -0.54% -0.8%
2031 -0.54% -0.81%
2030 -0.53% -0.81%
2029 -0.54% -0.83%
2028 -0.54% -0.83%
2027 -0.53% -0.82%
2026 -1.42% -1.49%
2025 -0.98% -0.54%
2024 0.15% 0.58%
2023 1.59% 1.41%
2022 1.35% 0.83%
2021 0.11% -0.07%
2020 0.2% -0.03%
2019 0.37% -0.29%
2018 0.35% -0.82%
2017 0.12% -1.21%
2016 0.03% -1.16%
2015 0.07% -0.89%
2014 -0.26% -0.81%
2013 -0.36% -0.93%
2012 -0.36% -1.29%
2011 -0.3% -2.23%
2010 -0.23% -2.08%
2009 -0.19% -1.1%
2008 -0.27% -1.02%
2007 -0.46% -1.18%
2006 -0.59% -1.58%
2005 -0.57% -1.62%
2004 -0.6% -1.12%
2003 -0.63% -0.81%
2002 -0.63% -0.8%
2001 -0.63% -0.82%
2000 0.48% -0.7%
1999 0.29% -0.71%
1998 -0.96% -0.72%
1997 -1.13% -0.74%
1996 -1.46% -0.76%
1995 -1.77% -0.77%
1994 -2.12% -0.69%
1993 -2.54% -0.47%
1992 -1.81% -0.11%
1991 -0.5% 0.17%
1990 0.07% 0.37%
1989 0.4% 0.8%
1988 0.62% 1.07%
1987 0.78% 1.05%
1986 0.75% 0.97%
1985 0.67% 0.86%
1984 0.65% 0.83%
1983 0.69% 0.81%
1982 0.72% 0.71%
1981 0.71% 0.58%
1980 0.61% 0.45%
1979 0.56% 0.54%
1978 0.69% 0.73%
1977 0.74% 0.79%
1976 0.72% 0.82%
1975 0.79% 0.85%
1974 0.87% 0.91%
1973 0.96% 0.96%
1972 1.13% 1.09%
1971 1.24% 1.25%
1970 1.1% 1.04%
1969 1.05% 0.92%
1968 0.93% 1.13%
1967 0.79% 1.21%
1966 1.08% 1.23%
1965 1.37% 1.24%
1964 1.45% 1.25%
1963 1.39% 1.24%
1962 1.35% 1.41%
1961 1.12% 1.62%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/estonia/lithuania | CC BY

In 2024, the population of Estonia grew by 0.15%, while Lithuania's population grew by 0.58%.

Live population counters

Estonia Lithuania
Current population
1339590
2829914
Population rank 155/197 140/197
Percent of world population 0.02% 0.03%
One net population change
4.26 hours
31.5 minutes
One birth every
47.9 minutes
25.4 minutes
One death every
32.8 minutes
14.2 minutes
Daily growth/decline +6 +46
Annual growth/decline +2,055 +16,693
Annual growth/decline rate +0.15% +0.58%
Population growth rate rank 158/197 127/197
One migration net change every
39.5 minutes
21.4 minutes
Annual migration change -13,350 -24,618
Net migration rank 141/196 157/196
Foreign-born residents 203,046 175,194
Foreign-born residents rank 110/195 120/195
Foreign-born share of population 14.9% 6.1%
Foreign-born share rank 43/195 87/195

Natural population change vs migration

Estonia
Natural

Migration
Lithuania
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Estonia Lithuania
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - -13,350 - -24,618
2024 - -7,742 - 2,617
2023 -5,070 5,717 -16,368 44,935
2022 -5,665 39,754 -20,671 72,100
2021 -5,324 7,043 -24,433 19,657
2020 -2,659 3,694 -19,953 19,884
2019 -1,327 5,386 -13,212 10,665
2018 -1,322 7,089 -12,686 -3,459
2017 -1,713 5,202 -12,224 -28,027
2016 -1,316 1,081 -11,509 -30,612
2015 -1,315 4,261 -11,935 -22,560
2014 -1,972 -674 -10,868 -12,387
2013 -1,713 -2,688 -12,733 -16,769
2012 -1,455 -3,674 -11,060 -21,387
2011 -531 -3,941 -10,901 -38,518
2010 0 -3,781 -11,460 -78,887
2009 -400 -2,089 -9,805 -32,186
2008 -668 -2,034 -12,153 -16,482
2007 -1,608 -2,941 -15,510 -21,815
2006 -2,559 -5,351 -15,041 -24,730
2005 -2,981 -5,208 -14,287 -51,357
2004 -3,679 -3,681 -11,482 -32,312
2003 -5,072 -3,705 -10,929 -22,701
2002 -5,380 -2,889 -11,362 -12,627
2001 -5,830 -3,280 -9,024 -24,733
2000 -5,309 -3,083 -4,549 -16,077
1999 -6,117 1,419 -3,877 -20,533
1998 -7,208 -3,296 -3,904 -22,002
1997 -6,018 -4,066 -3,218 -22,324
1996 -5,662 -10,540 -3,962 -23,236
1995 -7,327 -12,655 -3,992 -23,509
1994 -8,044 -17,984 -4,023 -24,104
1993 -5,976 -25,501 1,473 -23,949
1992 -1,993 -38,391 12,950 -25,175
1991 -312 -9,712 14,817 -10,744
1990 2,825 -2,660 17,010 -8,840
1989 5,803 -368 17,316 -26,985
1988 6,404 5,256 19,006 38,648
1987 6,829 5,389 22,422 10,820
1986 6,160 5,260 23,978 10,177
1985 4,281 5,097 19,140 9,417
1984 5,163 5,006 18,976 8,835
1983 5,884 4,986 20,911 8,585
1982 5,244 4,832 18,323 8,163
1981 4,612 4,789 16,478 7,752
1980 3,989 4,619 16,042 7,412
1979 3,818 4,521 16,989 6,932
1978 4,088 7,234 17,573 7,328
1977 4,931 7,189 19,124 8,964
1976 4,319 6,942 20,305 8,581
1975 4,717 6,737 20,470 8,170
1974 5,956 6,594 22,589 7,757
1973 5,623 6,488 22,712 7,327
1972 6,267 6,432 25,388 7,185
1971 7,160 6,392 28,930 7,130
1970 6,257 6,158 27,629 6,530
1969 5,515 8,650 27,345 4,179
1968 5,592 9,403 28,325 6,522
1967 5,012 9,115 29,226 5,251
1966 4,842 8,998 30,381 4,799
1965 5,437 8,851 30,309 4,196
1964 6,897 8,734 34,048 3,820
1963 6,043 8,410 33,918 3,428
1962 6,457 8,248 34,933 2,899
1961 7,228 7,991 40,376 2,550
1960 7,511 7,762 40,845 2,328

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/estonia/lithuania | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 26.1% of the population change in Estonia is from natural causes (a loss of 27,683 people) and 73.9% is from migration (a gain of 78,553 people). In Lithuania 68.7% is from natural causes (a loss of 153,859 people) and 31.3% is from migration (a gain of 70,196 people).

As of 2024, 203,046 residents or 14.9% of the population were not native-born in Estonia, compared to 175,194 people or 6.1% in Lithuania.

Biggest cities by population

Estonia
City Population
Tallinn 458K
Tartu 97.8K
Narva 53.4K
Parnu 41.5K
Kohtla-Jarve 33.4K
Viljandi 17.3K
Maardu 17K
Rakvere 15.7K
Kuressaare 13.2K
Sillamae 12.4K
Lithuania
City Population
Vilnius 581K
Kaunas 305K
Klaipeda 158K
Siauliai 104K
Panevezys 87.9K
Alytus 51.9K
Marijampole 36.8K
Mazeikiai 33.2K
Jonava 27.1K
Utena 25.6K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/population/estonia/lithuania | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  5. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)

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