The latest officially reported population of Kyrgyzstan was 7,221,868 in 2024 vs 677,012 people in Luxembourg in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Kyrgyzstan's population is 7,471,102 people compared to 693,885 in Luxembourg.
Population statistics:
- Kyrgyzstan's population is 10.8 times bigger than Luxembourg's.
- Kyrgyzstan is ranked the 106th most populous country in the world, while Luxembourg is the 164th.
- The countries together account for 0.1% of the world: 0.09% for Kyrgyzstan vs 0.008% for Luxembourg.
- For the last 10 years, Kyrgyzstan has had an average growth rate of +2.05% per year vs +2.02% in Luxembourg.
- Since 2006, the population of Kyrgyzstan has increased from 5.22M people to 7.47M (43.2% growth), while Luxembourg has grown from 473K to 694K (46.8% growth).
Kyrgyzstan vs Luxembourg: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Kyrgyzstan
|
Luxembourg
|
|
| 2100 | 11,878,983 | 757,616 |
| 2099 | 11,876,212 | 759,426 |
| 2098 | 11,871,893 | 761,176 |
| 2097 | 11,863,945 | 763,015 |
| 2096 | 11,854,143 | 764,666 |
| 2095 | 11,842,261 | 765,990 |
| 2094 | 11,827,575 | 767,608 |
| 2093 | 11,812,137 | 769,178 |
| 2092 | 11,797,115 | 770,648 |
| 2091 | 11,780,444 | 772,463 |
| 2090 | 11,762,393 | 774,140 |
| 2089 | 11,742,231 | 775,834 |
| 2088 | 11,720,234 | 777,644 |
| 2087 | 11,696,634 | 779,590 |
| 2086 | 11,670,854 | 781,531 |
| 2085 | 11,643,097 | 783,409 |
| 2084 | 11,613,138 | 785,286 |
| 2083 | 11,582,205 | 786,877 |
| 2082 | 11,551,217 | 788,844 |
| 2081 | 11,517,759 | 790,684 |
| 2080 | 11,482,466 | 792,362 |
| 2079 | 11,445,812 | 794,006 |
| 2078 | 11,406,479 | 795,455 |
| 2077 | 11,365,965 | 796,986 |
| 2076 | 11,323,432 | 798,410 |
| 2075 | 11,276,335 | 799,754 |
| 2074 | 11,229,195 | 801,070 |
| 2073 | 11,182,654 | 802,482 |
| 2072 | 11,131,675 | 803,902 |
| 2071 | 11,079,330 | 804,943 |
| 2070 | 11,025,798 | 806,296 |
| 2069 | 10,971,220 | 807,272 |
| 2068 | 10,915,623 | 808,013 |
| 2067 | 10,859,563 | 808,667 |
| 2066 | 10,801,984 | 809,092 |
| 2065 | 10,744,996 | 809,449 |
| 2064 | 10,687,906 | 809,740 |
| 2063 | 10,627,312 | 810,010 |
| 2062 | 10,566,235 | 810,217 |
| 2061 | 10,504,395 | 810,062 |
| 2060 | 10,442,600 | 809,971 |
| 2059 | 10,379,705 | 809,738 |
| 2058 | 10,313,211 | 809,344 |
| 2057 | 10,245,612 | 808,943 |
| 2056 | 10,176,371 | 808,533 |
| 2055 | 10,107,186 | 807,418 |
| 2054 | 10,035,329 | 806,176 |
| 2053 | 9,961,355 | 804,878 |
| 2052 | 9,886,119 | 803,482 |
| 2051 | 9,807,099 | 801,594 |
| 2050 | 9,725,671 | 799,802 |
| 2049 | 9,642,875 | 797,764 |
| 2048 | 9,557,636 | 795,309 |
| 2047 | 9,471,821 | 792,814 |
| 2046 | 9,385,178 | 790,135 |
| 2045 | 9,295,121 | 787,133 |
| 2044 | 9,203,421 | 784,057 |
| 2043 | 9,109,551 | 780,860 |
| 2042 | 9,014,983 | 777,248 |
| 2041 | 8,918,557 | 773,499 |
| 2040 | 8,821,038 | 769,643 |
| 2039 | 8,723,670 | 765,360 |
| 2038 | 8,626,718 | 760,862 |
| 2037 | 8,531,653 | 756,459 |
| 2036 | 8,436,180 | 751,771 |
| 2035 | 8,340,685 | 746,768 |
| 2034 | 8,244,980 | 741,700 |
| 2033 | 8,148,695 | 736,388 |
| 2032 | 8,052,112 | 730,687 |
| 2031 | 7,953,446 | 724,969 |
| 2030 | 7,853,567 | 719,018 |
| 2029 | 7,752,890 | 712,675 |
| 2028 | 7,651,783 | 705,838 |
| 2027 | 7,547,675 | 698,918 |
| 2026 | 7,442,710 | 692,020 |
| 2025 | 7,334,116 | 684,765 |
| 2024 | 7,221,868 | 677,012 |
| 2023 | 7,099,750 | 666,430 |
| 2022 | 6,975,220 | 653,103 |
| 2021 | 6,851,224 | 640,064 |
| 2020 | 6,726,596 | 630,419 |
| 2019 | 6,590,211 | 620,001 |
| 2018 | 6,444,079 | 607,950 |
| 2017 | 6,306,696 | 596,336 |
| 2016 | 6,175,338 | 582,014 |
| 2015 | 6,040,036 | 569,604 |
| 2014 | 5,905,848 | 556,319 |
| 2013 | 5,777,150 | 543,360 |
| 2012 | 5,652,076 | 530,946 |
| 2011 | 5,546,587 | 518,347 |
| 2010 | 5,467,059 | 506,953 |
| 2009 | 5,389,643 | 497,783 |
| 2008 | 5,318,729 | 488,650 |
| 2007 | 5,268,385 | 479,993 |
| 2006 | 5,218,373 | 472,637 |
| 2005 | 5,162,640 | 465,158 |
| 2004 | 5,104,713 | 458,095 |
| 2003 | 5,043,308 | 451,630 |
| 2002 | 4,990,704 | 446,175 |
| 2001 | 4,945,073 | 441,525 |
| 2000 | 4,898,362 | 436,300 |
| 1999 | 4,840,422 | 430,475 |
| 1998 | 4,769,015 | 424,700 |
| 1997 | 4,696,421 | 419,450 |
| 1996 | 4,628,438 | 414,225 |
| 1995 | 4,560,454 | 408,625 |
| 1994 | 4,515,069 | 402,925 |
| 1993 | 4,516,777 | 397,475 |
| 1992 | 4,515,400 | 392,175 |
| 1991 | 4,463,634 | 387,000 |
| 1990 | 4,391,236 | 381,850 |
| 1989 | 4,307,500 | 377,100 |
| 1988 | 4,218,400 | 373,450 |
| 1987 | 4,144,600 | 370,750 |
| 1986 | 4,066,500 | 368,355 |
| 1985 | 3,990,300 | 366,706 |
| 1984 | 3,916,400 | 365,998 |
| 1983 | 3,838,300 | 365,622 |
| 1982 | 3,759,300 | 365,525 |
| 1981 | 3,685,800 | 365,225 |
| 1980 | 3,617,400 | 364,150 |
| 1979 | 3,552,000 | 362,856 |
| 1978 | 3,487,100 | 362,007 |
| 1977 | 3,423,900 | 361,358 |
| 1976 | 3,358,700 | 360,731 |
| 1975 | 3,292,400 | 358,950 |
| 1974 | 3,223,900 | 355,050 |
| 1973 | 3,153,800 | 350,450 |
| 1972 | 3,088,200 | 346,600 |
| 1971 | 3,022,300 | 342,421 |
| 1970 | 2,959,900 | 339,171 |
| 1969 | 2,894,800 | 337,500 |
| 1968 | 2,818,300 | 335,850 |
| 1967 | 2,736,500 | 334,995 |
| 1966 | 2,655,300 | 333,895 |
| 1965 | 2,573,300 | 331,500 |
| 1964 | 2,495,300 | 327,750 |
| 1963 | 2,413,700 | 324,100 |
| 1962 | 2,333,400 | 320,750 |
| 1961 | 2,255,900 | 316,845 |
| 1960 | 2,172,300 | 313,970 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/kyrgyzstan/luxembourg | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Kyrgyzstan increased by 956,965 people (a 18.3% growth), while Luxembourg gained 109,377 people (a 23.1% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Kyrgyzstan gained 1,295,764 people (a 21% growth), while Luxembourg's population increased by 111,871 people (a 19.2% growth).
Kyrgyzstan was ranked 112th most populous country in 2006 and is 106th in 2026. Luxembourg was ranked 167th in 2006 and ranked 164th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Kyrgyzstan's population will grow by 30.2% to 9,725,671 people with a rank change from 106th to 100th. The population of Luxembourg will increase by 15.3% to 799,802 people and will still be ranked 164th.
Kyrgyzstan is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 11.9M people compared to the peak of 810K people in 2062 for Luxembourg.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Kyrgyzstan
|
Luxembourg
|
|
| 2100 | 0.02% | -0.24% |
| 2099 | 0.04% | -0.23% |
| 2098 | 0.07% | -0.24% |
| 2097 | 0.08% | -0.22% |
| 2096 | 0.1% | -0.17% |
| 2095 | 0.12% | -0.21% |
| 2094 | 0.13% | -0.2% |
| 2093 | 0.13% | -0.19% |
| 2092 | 0.14% | -0.23% |
| 2091 | 0.15% | -0.22% |
| 2090 | 0.17% | -0.22% |
| 2089 | 0.19% | -0.23% |
| 2088 | 0.2% | -0.25% |
| 2087 | 0.22% | -0.25% |
| 2086 | 0.24% | -0.24% |
| 2085 | 0.26% | -0.24% |
| 2084 | 0.27% | -0.2% |
| 2083 | 0.27% | -0.25% |
| 2082 | 0.29% | -0.23% |
| 2081 | 0.31% | -0.21% |
| 2080 | 0.32% | -0.21% |
| 2079 | 0.34% | -0.18% |
| 2078 | 0.36% | -0.19% |
| 2077 | 0.38% | -0.18% |
| 2076 | 0.42% | -0.17% |
| 2075 | 0.42% | -0.16% |
| 2074 | 0.42% | -0.18% |
| 2073 | 0.46% | -0.18% |
| 2072 | 0.47% | -0.13% |
| 2071 | 0.49% | -0.17% |
| 2070 | 0.5% | -0.12% |
| 2069 | 0.51% | -0.09% |
| 2068 | 0.52% | -0.08% |
| 2067 | 0.53% | -0.05% |
| 2066 | 0.53% | -0.04% |
| 2065 | 0.53% | -0.04% |
| 2064 | 0.57% | -0.03% |
| 2063 | 0.58% | -0.03% |
| 2062 | 0.59% | 0.02% |
| 2061 | 0.59% | 0.01% |
| 2060 | 0.61% | 0.03% |
| 2059 | 0.64% | 0.05% |
| 2058 | 0.66% | 0.05% |
| 2057 | 0.68% | 0.05% |
| 2056 | 0.68% | 0.14% |
| 2055 | 0.72% | 0.15% |
| 2054 | 0.74% | 0.16% |
| 2053 | 0.76% | 0.17% |
| 2052 | 0.81% | 0.24% |
| 2051 | 0.84% | 0.22% |
| 2050 | 0.86% | 0.26% |
| 2049 | 0.89% | 0.31% |
| 2048 | 0.91% | 0.31% |
| 2047 | 0.92% | 0.34% |
| 2046 | 0.97% | 0.38% |
| 2045 | 1% | 0.39% |
| 2044 | 1.03% | 0.41% |
| 2043 | 1.05% | 0.46% |
| 2042 | 1.08% | 0.48% |
| 2041 | 1.11% | 0.5% |
| 2040 | 1.12% | 0.56% |
| 2039 | 1.12% | 0.59% |
| 2038 | 1.11% | 0.58% |
| 2037 | 1.13% | 0.62% |
| 2036 | 1.14% | 0.67% |
| 2035 | 1.16% | 0.68% |
| 2034 | 1.18% | 0.72% |
| 2033 | 1.2% | 0.78% |
| 2032 | 1.24% | 0.79% |
| 2031 | 1.27% | 0.83% |
| 2030 | 1.3% | 0.89% |
| 2029 | 1.32% | 0.97% |
| 2028 | 1.38% | 0.99% |
| 2027 | 1.41% | 1% |
| 2026 | 1.48% | 1.06% |
| 2025 | 1.55% | 1.15% |
| 2024 | 1.72% | 1.59% |
| 2023 | 1.79% | 2.04% |
| 2022 | 1.81% | 2.04% |
| 2021 | 1.85% | 1.53% |
| 2020 | 2.07% | 1.68% |
| 2019 | 2.27% | 1.98% |
| 2018 | 2.18% | 1.95% |
| 2017 | 2.13% | 2.46% |
| 2016 | 2.24% | 2.18% |
| 2015 | 2.27% | 2.39% |
| 2014 | 2.23% | 2.38% |
| 2013 | 2.21% | 2.34% |
| 2012 | 1.9% | 2.43% |
| 2011 | 1.45% | 2.25% |
| 2010 | 1.44% | 1.84% |
| 2009 | 1.33% | 1.87% |
| 2008 | 0.96% | 1.8% |
| 2007 | 0.96% | 1.56% |
| 2006 | 1.08% | 1.61% |
| 2005 | 1.13% | 1.54% |
| 2004 | 1.22% | 1.43% |
| 2003 | 1.05% | 1.22% |
| 2002 | 0.92% | 1.05% |
| 2001 | 0.95% | 1.2% |
| 2000 | 1.2% | 1.35% |
| 1999 | 1.5% | 1.36% |
| 1998 | 1.55% | 1.25% |
| 1997 | 1.47% | 1.26% |
| 1996 | 1.49% | 1.37% |
| 1995 | 1.01% | 1.41% |
| 1994 | -0.04% | 1.37% |
| 1993 | 0.03% | 1.35% |
| 1992 | 1.16% | 1.34% |
| 1991 | 1.65% | 1.35% |
| 1990 | 1.94% | 1.26% |
| 1989 | 2.11% | 0.98% |
| 1988 | 1.78% | 0.73% |
| 1987 | 1.92% | 0.65% |
| 1986 | 1.91% | 0.45% |
| 1985 | 1.89% | 0.19% |
| 1984 | 2.03% | 0.1% |
| 1983 | 2.1% | 0.03% |
| 1982 | 1.99% | 0.08% |
| 1981 | 1.89% | 0.3% |
| 1980 | 1.84% | 0.36% |
| 1979 | 1.86% | 0.23% |
| 1978 | 1.85% | 0.18% |
| 1977 | 1.94% | 0.17% |
| 1976 | 2.01% | 0.5% |
| 1975 | 2.12% | 1.1% |
| 1974 | 2.22% | 1.31% |
| 1973 | 2.12% | 1.11% |
| 1972 | 2.18% | 1.22% |
| 1971 | 2.11% | 0.96% |
| 1970 | 2.25% | 0.5% |
| 1969 | 2.71% | 0.49% |
| 1968 | 2.99% | 0.26% |
| 1967 | 3.06% | 0.33% |
| 1966 | 3.19% | 0.72% |
| 1965 | 3.13% | 1.14% |
| 1964 | 3.38% | 1.13% |
| 1963 | 3.44% | 1.04% |
| 1962 | 3.44% | 1.23% |
| 1961 | 3.85% | 0.92% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/kyrgyzstan/luxembourg | CC BY
In 2024, the population of Kyrgyzstan grew by 1.72%, while Luxembourg's population grew by 1.59%.
Live population counters
|
Kyrgyzstan
|
Luxembourg
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
7471102
|
693885
|
| Population rank | 106/197 | 164/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.09% | 0.008% |
| One net population change |
4.3 minutes
|
49.7 minutes
|
| One birth every |
3.59 minutes
|
1.38 hours
|
| One death every |
16.8 minutes
|
1.99 hours
|
| Daily growth/decline | +335 | +29 |
| Annual growth/decline | +122,118 | +10,582 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +1.72% | +1.59% |
| Population growth rate rank | 63/197 | 67/197 |
| One migration net change every |
4.84 hours
|
1.68 hours
|
| Annual migration change | +1,815 | +5,237 |
| Net migration rank | 58/196 | 51/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 194,816 | 344,309 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 114/195 | 94/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 2.7% | 51.2% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 122/195 | 8/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Kyrgyzstan
|
Luxembourg
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | 1,815 | - | 5,237 |
| 2024 | - | 3,645 | - | 5,677 |
| 2023 | 115,016 | 5,601 | 1,933 | 5,905 |
| 2022 | 118,579 | 12,596 | 2,024 | 13,194 |
| 2021 | 113,730 | 46,208 | 2,240 | 8,724 |
| 2020 | 120,406 | 54,704 | 1,828 | 6,967 |
| 2019 | 143,007 | 47,303 | 1,922 | 10,503 |
| 2018 | 141,125 | 3,494 | 1,945 | 10,145 |
| 2017 | 122,350 | 7,553 | 1,968 | 9,643 |
| 2016 | 126,594 | 1,187 | 2,095 | 12,760 |
| 2015 | 130,464 | -5,071 | 2,107 | 11,377 |
| 2014 | 127,566 | -9,443 | 2,225 | 11,217 |
| 2013 | 121,898 | -9,667 | 2,336 | 10,535 |
| 2012 | 119,259 | -12,503 | 2,124 | 10,273 |
| 2011 | 114,260 | -10,170 | 1,814 | 10,918 |
| 2010 | 110,435 | -6,521 | 2,129 | 7,909 |
| 2009 | 99,709 | -14,325 | 1,991 | 6,855 |
| 2008 | 89,355 | -64,404 | 2,003 | 7,969 |
| 2007 | 85,348 | -54,298 | 1,584 | 6,244 |
| 2006 | 81,929 | -53,469 | 1,748 | 5,557 |
| 2005 | 72,793 | -36,288 | 1,721 | 6,310 |
| 2004 | 74,529 | -32,088 | 1,878 | 4,566 |
| 2003 | 69,598 | -30,686 | 1,220 | 5,581 |
| 2002 | 65,379 | -28,300 | 1,607 | 2,759 |
| 2001 | 65,275 | -25,695 | 1,766 | 3,427 |
| 2000 | 62,699 | -23,265 | 1,963 | 4,516 |
| 1999 | 71,155 | -10,297 | 1,808 | 4,666 |
| 1998 | 69,151 | -17,690 | 1,486 | 3,874 |
| 1997 | 67,159 | -11,740 | 1,552 | 3,711 |
| 1996 | 73,129 | -10,926 | 1,781 | 3,603 |
| 1995 | 80,264 | -10,767 | 1,634 | 4,385 |
| 1994 | 72,693 | -22,165 | 1,652 | 3,900 |
| 1993 | 81,754 | -103,698 | 1,470 | 4,055 |
| 1992 | 95,275 | -33,009 | 1,098 | 4,101 |
| 1991 | 97,753 | -32,276 | 1,239 | 4,067 |
| 1990 | 97,485 | -27,912 | 1,145 | 3,992 |
| 1989 | 99,934 | -25,723 | 679 | 2,999 |
| 1988 | 97,415 | -40,823 | 747 | 2,909 |
| 1987 | 101,232 | -39,678 | 222 | 2,200 |
| 1986 | 98,263 | -40,062 | 331 | 2,121 |
| 1985 | 92,084 | -38,536 | 74 | 1,067 |
| 1984 | 89,356 | -34,248 | 146 | 346 |
| 1983 | 84,139 | -5,525 | 37 | 376 |
| 1982 | 81,716 | -6,388 | 183 | 334 |
| 1981 | 77,955 | -6,725 | 329 | 443 |
| 1980 | 72,092 | -5,090 | 37 | 840 |
| 1979 | 76,489 | -6,672 | 72 | 670 |
| 1978 | 76,137 | -6,988 | -145 | 3,155 |
| 1977 | 74,296 | -6,724 | -36 | 2,830 |
| 1976 | 73,280 | -10,499 | -578 | 2,802 |
| 1975 | 72,255 | -7,639 | -395 | 2,794 |
| 1974 | 71,925 | -5,818 | -390 | 2,728 |
| 1973 | 71,500 | -3,373 | -421 | 2,673 |
| 1972 | 70,852 | -1,163 | -35 | 4,143 |
| 1971 | 68,902 | 2,645 | 69 | 4,274 |
| 1970 | 66,485 | 11,295 | 272 | 853 |
| 1969 | 63,396 | 16,862 | 303 | 833 |
| 1968 | 60,670 | 20,918 | 604 | 850 |
| 1967 | 59,793 | 22,162 | 837 | 752 |
| 1966 | 59,346 | 21,868 | 1,168 | 2,222 |
| 1965 | 59,163 | 22,870 | 1,260 | 2,203 |
| 1964 | 59,657 | 22,281 | 1,377 | 2,178 |
| 1963 | 60,145 | 21,967 | 1,199 | 2,080 |
| 1962 | 58,827 | 21,217 | 1,091 | 2,014 |
| 1961 | 57,176 | 18,355 | 1,489 | 1,969 |
| 1960 | 54,920 | 13,946 | 1,319 | 61 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/kyrgyzstan/luxembourg | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 88.5% of the population change in Kyrgyzstan is from natural causes (a gain of 1,258,837 people) and 11.5% is from migration (a gain of 164,132 people). In Luxembourg 16.8% is from natural causes (a gain of 20,287 people) and 83.2% is from migration (a gain of 100,435 people).
As of 2024, 194,816 residents or 2.7% of the population were not native-born in Kyrgyzstan, compared to 344,309 people or 51.2% in Luxembourg.
Biggest cities by population
|
Kyrgyzstan
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Bishkek | 1.19M |
| Osh | 375K |
| Jalal-Abad | 89K |
| Tokmok | 53.2K |
| Naryn | 34.8K |
| Talas | 32.9K |
| Kant | 23.2K |
| Toktogul | 16.4K |
| Cholpon-Ata | 11.5K |
|
Luxembourg
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Luxembourg | 138K |
| Esch-sur-Alzette | 37.5K |
| Differdange | 30.4K |
| Dudelange | 22K |
| Petange | 20.9K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Kyrgyzstan and Luxembourg
|
Kyrgyzstan
|
Luxembourg
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 72.1 years | 82.6 years |
| Average age | 29.1 years | 40.6 years |
| Median age | 26.2 years | 40.2 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 49.4:50.6 | 50.3:49.7 |
| Fertility rate | 2.7 births per woman | 1.25 births per woman |
| Population density | 100.5 ppl/mi² | 696 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/kyrgyzstan/luxembourg | CC BY
Help us show the world through your eyes
Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.
Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.