Somalia has a GDP of $12.1B compared to $49.9B for Sudan, ranking 149/197 and 93/197 by economy size, respectively.
The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.
| Year | GDP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Somalia
|
Sudan
|
|||
| Current $ | Constant $ | Current $ | Constant $ | |
| 1960 | $180,459,937 | $917,045,732 | $1,126,364,162 | $9,621,210,053 |
| 1961 | $191,659,914 | $887,131,873 | $1,222,860,429 | $9,623,364,370 |
| 1962 | $203,531,928 | $949,911,139 | $1,328,259,625 | $10,288,901,061 |
| 1963 | $216,145,936 | $976,592,267 | $1,351,234,926 | $9,995,978,960 |
| 1964 | $229,529,913 | $916,916,392 | $1,388,282,600 | $9,883,979,102 |
| 1965 | $243,725,898 | $862,417,802 | $1,446,869,619 | $10,553,823,688 |
| 1966 | $257,375,897 | $940,886,220 | $1,484,491,676 | $10,176,508,924 |
| 1967 | $271,781,887 | $996,783,740 | $1,607,409,539 | $10,321,430,685 |
| 1968 | $286,719,885 | $1,017,018,224 | $1,677,771,401 | $10,524,063,161 |
| 1969 | $306,357,285 | $999,733,290 | $1,847,501,441 | $10,670,279,284 |
| 1970 | $347,985,394 | $1,045,535,151 | $2,100,229,759 | $11,302,501,304 |
| 1971 | $347,039,446 | $1,067,892,506 | $2,288,340,041 | $11,556,504,009 |
| 1972 | $447,883,941 | $1,226,805,081 | $2,483,055,722 | $10,970,475,252 |
| 1973 | $483,699,611 | $1,077,756,045 | $3,077,254,460 | $11,039,830,076 |
| 1974 | $572,504,036 | $1,085,866,066 | $3,958,931,660 | $12,303,370,550 |
| 1975 | $757,015,879 | $1,245,436,211 | $4,823,090,192 | $14,236,656,554 |
| 1976 | $871,344,245 | $1,222,421,286 | $6,013,210,816 | $16,609,226,651 |
| 1977 | $498,550,725 | $1,389,224,693 | $7,499,005,639 | $17,642,960,632 |
| 1978 | $564,571,823 | $1,469,791,648 | $8,128,719,315 | $16,596,558,979 |
| 1979 | $589,566,929 | $1,396,493,892 | $8,418,407,787 | $15,763,644,181 |
| 1980 | $602,515,548 | $1,421,532,244 | $8,951,800,000 | $16,003,931,009 |
| 1981 | $699,302,473 | $1,510,579,931 | $10,753,888,154 | $17,194,233,567 |
| 1982 | $774,578,932 | $1,552,377,825 | $8,732,542,274 | $18,218,780,591 |
| 1983 | $735,408,642 | $1,372,667,073 | $8,230,153,846 | $18,594,543,248 |
| 1984 | $787,434,542 | $1,417,493,800 | $10,447,615,385 | $17,663,159,912 |
| 1985 | $875,702,247 | $1,552,579,747 | $8,075,259,600 | $16,553,729,141 |
| 1986 | $916,590,786 | $1,519,262,585 | $10,092,200,000 | $17,449,916,752 |
| 1987 | $1,018,972,664 | $1,672,521,530 | $12,093,333,333 | $19,931,449,275 |
| 1988 | $1,051,596,967 | $1,729,642,284 | $14,372,555,556 | $19,865,457,877 |
| 1989 | $1,181,360,844 | $1,795,501,262 | $21,408,111,111 | $21,639,720,128 |
| 1990 | $1,031,282,081 | $1,837,281,328 | $33,641,222,222 | $20,456,015,801 |
| 1991 | $717,974,930 | $1,891,491,616 | $44,171,194,366 | $21,992,448,810 |
| 1992 | $709,297,579 | $1,730,935,689 | $7,031,933,492 | $23,439,081,608 |
| 1993 | $1,260,132,956 | $1,800,010,346 | $8,881,005,436 | $24,509,954,459 |
| 1994 | $1,481,205,098 | $1,478,762,689 | $12,793,794,737 | $24,756,580,789 |
| 1995 | $1,534,756,135 | $1,537,774,140 | $13,830,363,900 | $26,241,255,779 |
| 1996 | $1,792,234,297 | $1,661,503,679 | $9,018,300,725 | $27,794,508,186 |
| 1997 | $2,191,749,014 | $1,681,117,594 | $11,681,175,864 | $32,884,421,186 |
| 1998 | $2,962,047,564 | $1,791,844,291 | $11,250,221,537 | $34,301,247,873 |
| 1999 | $3,045,751,528 | $1,922,976,751 | $10,682,028,340 | $35,365,991,404 |
| 2000 | $3,412,797,450 | $2,059,706,442 | $12,257,299,147 | $37,610,270,337 |
| 2001 | $2,252,847,465 | $2,206,158,044 | $15,716,361,792 | $40,055,073,507 |
| 2002 | $2,192,684,135 | $2,374,493,800 | $18,137,128,388 | $42,460,970,096 |
| 2003 | $2,836,724,352 | $2,555,674,024 | $21,355,298,460 | $45,131,259,049 |
| 2004 | $3,859,592,813 | $2,737,390,479 | $26,646,007,251 | $47,451,406,763 |
| 2005 | $4,683,246,454 | $2,932,027,546 | $35,182,711,988 | $50,129,334,265 |
| 2006 | $5,026,743,282 | $3,122,209,723 | $45,263,831,634 | $53,403,487,492 |
| 2007 | $5,430,713,729 | $3,331,221,430 | $59,440,139,775 | $56,466,323,951 |
| 2008 | $5,913,620,293 | $3,554,225,116 | $64,833,083,257 | $58,638,439,293 |
| 2009 | $2,948,594,552 | $3,792,157,453 | $51,621,044,077 | $57,015,500,648 |
| 2010 | $2,687,807,004 | $4,046,017,819 | $58,962,978,034 | $59,215,296,614 |
| 2011 | $2,906,000,097 | $4,316,872,490 | $55,018,567,211 | $57,312,394,053 |
| 2012 | $4,364,670,160 | $4,605,859,127 | $37,632,919,967 | $47,566,600,027 |
| 2013 | $5,062,881,600 | $5,110,628,983 | $43,024,018,082 | $48,496,595,855 |
| 2014 | $5,728,399,720 | $5,569,461,555 | $49,516,748,618 | $50,757,206,253 |
| 2015 | $6,152,149,100 | $6,152,149,100 | $51,726,758,677 | $51,726,758,677 |
| 2016 | $6,613,743,070 | $6,584,944,951 | $42,630,376,000 | $53,520,457,581 |
| 2017 | $7,621,501,710 | $7,555,288,980 | $41,283,617,976 | $53,900,054,790 |
| 2018 | $7,873,440,830 | $7,710,498,420 | $32,333,780,383 | $52,455,031,755 |
| 2019 | $8,655,023,960 | $7,928,267,058 | $32,338,079,165 | $51,312,429,477 |
| 2020 | $8,628,393,720 | $7,710,043,010 | $27,034,593,750 | $49,449,890,489 |
| 2021 | $9,483,997,390 | $7,976,673,871 | $34,229,513,775 | $48,525,909,157 |
| 2022 | $10,202,767,270 | $8,194,206,885 | $51,666,875,363 | $48,061,119,948 |
| 2023 | $10,968,517,090 | $8,539,706,139 | $39,898,289,821 | $33,915,159,868 |
| 2024 | $12,108,515,110 | $8,878,930,663 | $49,909,807,030 | $29,338,888,295 |
Economic indicators
|
Somalia
|
Sudan
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$12.1B
2024 |
$49.9B
2024 |
| GDP rank |
149/197
2024 |
93/197
2024 |
| GDP growth |
10.4%
2023-2024 |
25.1%
2023-2024 |
| GDP per capita |
$637
2024 |
$989
2024 |
| GDP per capita rank |
191/197
2024 |
178/197
2024 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$1,601
2024 |
$2,127
2024 |
| Government debt | n/a |
$136B
2024 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio | n/a |
252%
2025 |
| Government debt per person | n/a |
$2,691
2024 |
| Government debt per person rank | n/a |
107/185
2024 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$1,941
2025 |
$1,875
2025 |
| Income share by richest 10% | n/a |
27.8%
2014 |
| Income share by poorest 10% | n/a |
3.2%
2014 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
13%
2025 |
6.17%
2025 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
3.6%
2024-2025 |
138.8%
2021-2022 |
| Unemployment rate |
18.8%
2019 |
7.53%
2022 |
| Population |
20177806
|
52963918
|
GDP per capita in Somalia vs Sudan
Somalia's GDP per capita is $637, ranking 191/197, compared to $989 in Sudan, ranking 178/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Somalia ranks 194th at $1,601, while Sudan ranks 185th at $2,127.
| Year | Current $ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Somalia
|
Sudan
|
|||
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 1960 | $62.7 | - | $134.7 | - |
| 1961 | $64.9 | - | $141.6 | - |
| 1962 | $67.2 | - | $148.9 | - |
| 1963 | $69.5 | - | $146.6 | - |
| 1964 | $71.9 | - | $145.7 | - |
| 1965 | $74.4 | - | $146.8 | - |
| 1966 | $76.5 | - | $145.6 | - |
| 1967 | $78.7 | - | $152.4 | - |
| 1968 | $80.8 | - | $153.7 | - |
| 1969 | $84.1 | - | $163.5 | - |
| 1970 | $93.1 | - | $179.6 | - |
| 1971 | $90.4 | - | $189 | - |
| 1972 | $113.7 | - | $198.2 | - |
| 1973 | $119.6 | - | $235.8 | - |
| 1974 | $137.9 | - | $291.5 | - |
| 1975 | $177.8 | - | $343 | - |
| 1976 | $199.6 | - | $413 | - |
| 1977 | $111.2 | - | $497 | - |
| 1978 | $117.3 | - | $518 | - |
| 1979 | $108.2 | - | $515 | - |
| 1980 | $101.5 | - | $525 | - |
| 1981 | $116.9 | - | $605 | - |
| 1982 | $129 | - | $472 | - |
| 1983 | $118.6 | - | $431 | - |
| 1984 | $122.5 | - | $534 | - |
| 1985 | $130.8 | - | $406 | - |
| 1986 | $131.4 | - | $497 | - |
| 1987 | $141 | - | $584 | - |
| 1988 | $145.3 | - | $680 | - |
| 1989 | $166 | - | $992 | - |
| 1990 | $145.6 | - | $1,528 | $1,468 |
| 1991 | $105.4 | $469 | $1,966 | $1,599 |
| 1992 | $109.2 | $461 | $307 | $1,710 |
| 1993 | $188.6 | $477 | $379 | $1,794 |
| 1994 | $210.8 | $380 | $532 | $1,805 |
| 1995 | $210.7 | $389 | $561 | $1,902 |
| 1996 | $237.2 | $413 | $357 | $2,006 |
| 1997 | $280.1 | $411 | $453 | $2,358 |
| 1998 | $363 | $425 | $425 | $2,428 |
| 1999 | $359 | $444 | $394 | $2,475 |
| 2000 | $386 | $467 | $441 | $2,616 |
| 2001 | $244.9 | $492 | $551 | $2,769 |
| 2002 | $229.6 | $517 | $621 | $2,898 |
| 2003 | $286.3 | $547 | $714 | $3,058 |
| 2004 | $375 | $580 | $872 | $3,215 |
| 2005 | $440 | $619 | $1,125 | $3,407 |
| 2006 | $458 | $659 | $1,415 | $3,637 |
| 2007 | $480 | $700 | $1,814 | $3,836 |
| 2008 | $507 | $739 | $1,928 | $3,938 |
| 2009 | $246.5 | $774 | $1,493 | $3,732 |
| 2010 | $219.2 | $815 | $1,665 | $3,806 |
| 2011 | $235.3 | $881 | $1,522 | $4,112 |
| 2012 | $350 | $1,003 | $1,019 | $3,710 |
| 2013 | $393 | $944 | $1,139 | $3,725 |
| 2014 | $429 | $1,128 | $1,275 | $4,261 |
| 2015 | $446 | $1,341 | $1,292 | $4,217 |
| 2016 | $461 | $1,469 | $1,033 | $4,470 |
| 2017 | $511 | $1,597 | $967 | $4,252 |
| 2018 | $510 | $1,552 | $731 | $4,199 |
| 2019 | $540 | $1,548 | $710 | $3,914 |
| 2020 | $518 | $1,454 | $578 | $3,349 |
| 2021 | $549 | $1,392 | $712 | $3,249 |
| 2022 | $573 | $1,487 | $1,046 | $3,355 |
| 2023 | $597 | $1,557 | $797 | $2,421 |
| 2024 | $637 | $1,601 | $989 | $2,127 |
Inflation comparison by year
Over the past 10 years, Somalia has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.35%, compared with 91.6% in Sudan. In 2022, inflation was 3.6% in Somalia and 138.8% in Sudan.
| Year | Inflation | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Somalia
|
Sudan
|
Somalia
|
Sudan
|
| 1996 | - | 132.8% | |
| 1997 | - | 47.2% | |
| 1998 | - | 24.6% | |
| 1999 | - | 17.2% | |
| 2000 | - | 7.12% | |
| 2001 | - | 1.94% | |
| 2002 | - | 22.2% | |
| 2003 | - | 6.49% | |
| 2004 | - | 9.66% | |
| 2005 | - | 8.51% | |
| 2006 | - | 7.2% | |
| 2007 | - | 14.8% | |
| 2008 | - | 14.3% | |
| 2009 | - | 11.3% | |
| 2010 | - | 13% | |
| 2011 | - | 18.1% | |
| 2012 | - | 35.6% | |
| 2013 | 2.8% | 36.5% | |
| 2014 | 1.3% | 36.9% | |
| 2015 | 0.9% | 16.9% | |
| 2016 | 0% | 17.8% | |
| 2017 | 4% | 32.4% | |
| 2018 | 4.3% | 63.3% | |
| 2019 | 4.7% | 51% | |
| 2020 | 4.1% | 163.3% | |
| 2021 | 4.6% | 359% | |
| 2022 | 6.8% | 138.8% | |
| 2023 | 6.2% | - | |
| 2024 | 5.5% | - | |
| 2025 | 3.6% | - | |
Top exports between countries
Balance of trade
|
Somalia
|
Sudan
|
|
|---|---|---|
Current account balance
|
n/a |
-$4.44B
2022 |
| Current account balance ranking | n/a |
163/189
2022 |
| Current account balance, % of GDP | n/a |
-8.6%
2022 |
| Goods imports | n/a |
$9.99B
2022 |
| Goods exports | n/a |
$4.36B
2022 |
| Service imports | n/a |
$1.59B
2022 |
| Service exports | n/a |
$1.55B
2022 |
| Imports of goods and services, % of GDP |
74.3%
2024 |
1.27%
2024 |
| Exports of goods and services, % of GDP |
20%
2024 |
1.19%
2024 |
Economic freedom indices
The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.
|
Somalia
|
Sudan
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 29 | 35.3 |
| Economic freedom ranking | 193/197 | 190/197 |
| Property rights | 0 | 12 |
| Government integrity | 8.2 | 15.6 |
| Judicial effectiveness | 1.6 | 4 |
| Tax burden | 100 | 84.7 |
| Government spending | n/a | 95.7 |
| Fiscal health | 0 | 73.5 |
| Business freedom | 26.1 | 28.5 |
| Labor freedom | 26.5 | 39.2 |
| Monetary freedom | n/a | 16.3 |
| Trade freedom | n/a | 29.6 |
| Investment freedom | n/a | 5 |
| Financial freedom | n/a | 20 |
More economic indicators
|
Somalia
|
Sudan
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Services, % of GDP | n/a |
54.9%
2024 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
9.66%
1986 |
23%
2024 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
55.8%
1990 |
22.1%
2024 |
|
GNI, Atlas method
|
$11.5B
2024 |
$36.2B
2024 |
| GNI per capita, PPP |
$1,590
2024 |
$2,070
2024 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$23.1M
1989 |
$178M
2017 |
| Total reserves ranking |
177/177
1989 |
171/177
2017 |
|
Net foreign direct investment
|
n/a |
-$574M
2022 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
$765M
2024 |
$548M
2023 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
n/a |
$54.2M
2021 |
|
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
|
3.32%
2023 |
0.53%
2023 |
| Poverty at national poverty lines |
55.4%
2022 |
46.5%
2020 |
|
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
|
22.7%
2024 |
2.87%
2024 |
GDP per capita map
GDP per capita
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Economy comparisons
The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.
Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.
Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.