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Fertility & birth rates in Finland and Malawi

Updated on by Georank team

Finland has an annual birth rate of 7.8 births per 1,000 people, compared to 31.4 for Malawi. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.26 in Finland and 3.65 in Malawi — 189.5% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -53.7% in Finland and by -48.2% in Malawi — in 1960, it was 2.72 and 7.04, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Finland is ranked 179/196 by birth rate compared to 25/196 for Malawi.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 30 years in Finland, compared to 19.1 years in Malawi.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 31.6 in Finland — it's 27.6 in Malawi.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 3.1 in Finland vs 113.6 in Malawi.
  • In Finland, 20.8% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 26.2% in Malawi.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.32% in Finland and +2.6% in Malawi.

Birth rate data compared

Finland Malawi
Fertility rate 1.26 3.65
Birth rate 7.8 31.4
Birth rate rank 179/196 25/196
Age at first childbirth 30 years 19.1 years
Average age at childbearing 31.6 years 27.6 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 2.9 112.9
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 48.1 171.4
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 14.4 51.6
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 20.8% 26.2%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 81.6% 64.7%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 99.5% 96.4%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.008% 0.23%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.13% 1.88%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.18% 2.94%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 0.23% 3.83%
Population change due to births and deaths -17,869 +549,096
Natural population change rank 175/196 35/196
Natural population change rate -0.32% +2.6%
Population growth +0.95% +2.61%
Population growth rank 106/197 27/197
Life expectancy 82.2 years 67.7 years

Fertility rate in Finland vs Malawi chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Finland was 1.26 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.65 in Malawi in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Finland vs Malawi population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Finland
Factual

UN forecast
Malawi
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Finland Malawi
1960 2.72 7.04
1961 2.72 7.07
1962 2.68 7.1
1963 2.68 7.13
1964 2.59 7.11
1965 2.48 7.13
1966 2.41 7.17
1967 2.32 7.21
1968 2.14 7.26
1969 1.93 7.27
1970 1.83 7.3
1971 1.68 7.31
1972 1.58 7.33
1973 1.49 7.34
1974 1.61 7.34
1975 1.68 7.36
1976 1.7 7.39
1977 1.68 7.41
1978 1.64 7.43
1979 1.64 7.47
1980 1.63 7.52
1981 1.64 7.49
1982 1.71 7.45
1983 1.74 7.36
1984 1.69 7.27
1985 1.64 7.17
1986 1.6 7.07
1987 1.59 6.97
1988 1.69 6.88
1989 1.71 6.8
1990 1.78 6.74
1991 1.79 6.68
1992 1.85 6.63
1993 1.81 6.57
1994 1.85 6.49
1995 1.81 6.39
1996 1.78 6.29
1997 1.75 6.23
1998 1.7 6.21
1999 1.73 6.12
2000 1.73 6
2001 1.73 5.94
2002 1.72 5.9
2003 1.76 5.88
2004 1.8 5.86
2005 1.8 5.85
2006 1.84 5.8
2007 1.83 5.72
2008 1.85 5.61
2009 1.86 5.45
2010 1.87 5.26
2011 1.83 5.08
2012 1.8 4.9
2013 1.75 4.76
2014 1.71 4.57
2015 1.65 4.38
2016 1.57 4.22
2017 1.49 4.11
2018 1.41 4.02
2019 1.35 3.95
2020 1.37 3.88
2021 1.46 3.79
2022 1.32 3.72
2023 1.26 3.65
2024 1.27 3.59
2025 1.28 3.53
2026 1.28 3.45
2027 1.29 3.39
2028 1.3 3.33
2029 1.3 3.29
2030 1.31 3.23
2031 1.31 3.18
2032 1.32 3.13
2033 1.32 3.09
2034 1.33 3.05
2035 1.34 3.01
2036 1.34 2.97
2037 1.35 2.93
2038 1.35 2.89
2039 1.35 2.86
2040 1.36 2.82
2041 1.36 2.79
2042 1.37 2.76
2043 1.37 2.73
2044 1.37 2.7
2045 1.37 2.67
2046 1.38 2.64
2047 1.38 2.61
2048 1.39 2.59
2049 1.39 2.57
2050 1.39 2.54

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Finland
Factual

UN forecast
Malawi
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Finland Malawi
1960 30.4% 43.1%
1961 29.8% 42.9%
1962 29.1% 42.8%
1963 28.4% 42.9%
1964 27.7% 43%
1965 27.1% 43.2%
1966 26.6% 43.4%
1967 26.2% 43.7%
1968 25.7% 43.9%
1969 25.2% 44.2%
1970 24.6% 44.4%
1971 24% 44.6%
1972 23.4% 44.8%
1973 22.9% 44.9%
1974 22.4% 45.1%
1975 22% 45.2%
1976 21.7% 45.2%
1977 21.3% 45.3%
1978 21% 45.3%
1979 20.6% 45.3%
1980 20.3% 45.4%
1981 20% 45.4%
1982 19.8% 45.4%
1983 19.6% 45.5%
1984 19.5% 45.5%
1985 19.4% 45.4%
1986 19.3% 45.4%
1987 19.3% 45.1%
1988 19.3% 45%
1989 19.4% 45.2%
1990 19.3% 45.4%
1991 19.2% 45.6%
1992 19.2% 45.8%
1993 19.1% 46%
1994 19.1% 46.1%
1995 19% 46.1%
1996 18.9% 46.2%
1997 18.8% 46.2%
1998 18.6% 46.2%
1999 18.3% 46.2%
2000 18.2% 46.2%
2001 18% 46.1%
2002 17.9% 46.1%
2003 17.7% 46.1%
2004 17.5% 46%
2005 17.4% 46%
2006 17.2% 46.1%
2007 17% 46.1%
2008 16.8% 46.1%
2009 16.7% 46.2%
2010 16.6% 46.2%
2011 16.5% 46.2%
2012 16.4% 46.1%
2013 16.4% 46%
2014 16.4% 45.7%
2015 16.4% 45.4%
2016 16.3% 45.1%
2017 16.2% 44.6%
2018 16.1% 44.2%
2019 15.9% 43.7%
2020 15.7% 43.1%
2021 15.5% 42.5%
2022 15.2% 41.9%
2023 14.9% 41.3%
2024 14.6% 40.7%
2025 14.3% 40.1%
2026 14% 39.6%
2027 13.7% 39.1%
2028 13.4% 38.6%
2029 13.2% 38.1%
2030 12.9% 37.7%
2031 12.7% 37.4%
2032 12.6% 37%
2033 12.5% 36.7%
2034 12.4% 36.4%
2035 12.4% 36%
2036 12.4% 35.7%
2037 12.4% 35.3%
2038 12.4% 35%
2039 12.5% 34.6%
2040 12.5% 34.2%
2041 12.6% 33.9%
2042 12.7% 33.5%
2043 12.7% 33.1%
2044 12.8% 32.7%
2045 12.9% 32.3%
2046 13% 31.9%
2047 13% 31.5%
2048 13.1% 31.2%
2049 13.1% 30.8%
2050 13.1% 30.5%

Children aged 0-14 make up 14.6% of the population in Finland and 40.7% in Malawi in 2024, compared to 19.3% and 45.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Finland and Malawi compared.

Natural population change in Finland vs Malawi by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.12% in Finland and +2.67% in Malawi. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Finland
Malawi

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Finland Malawi
1960 42,082 85,718
1961 41,487 89,091
1962 38,627 92,463
1963 40,258 95,933
1964 38,208 97,658
1965 33,771 100,040
1966 34,356 103,512
1967 33,622 106,668
1968 28,684 110,329
1969 21,732 113,120
1970 20,268 116,822
1971 15,220 121,015
1972 14,847 125,728
1973 13,532 131,529
1974 17,824 137,819
1975 21,673 145,254
1976 21,738 153,422
1977 21,799 161,930
1978 20,436 172,503
1979 19,535 182,123
1980 18,640 192,746
1981 18,720 199,436
1982 22,686 205,386
1983 21,851 209,422
1984 20,015 212,146
1985 14,707 216,179
1986 13,279 218,519
1987 11,837 220,566
1988 14,344 226,911
1989 14,396 237,967
1990 15,458 250,159
1991 16,044 260,193
1992 16,639 269,066
1993 13,679 276,538
1994 17,300 275,439
1995 13,791 266,745
1996 11,274 270,048
1997 9,766 277,433
1998 7,730 285,407
1999 7,748 295,629
2000 7,765 300,439
2001 7,263 310,833
2002 6,241 322,863
2003 7,819 341,133
2004 9,933 361,133
2005 9,968 381,130
2006 11,059 397,123
2007 9,519 410,290
2008 10,627 421,781
2009 10,678 434,811
2010 10,191 444,468
2011 9,160 454,149
2012 7,579 460,684
2013 6,527 470,293
2014 4,915 472,418
2015 2,740 472,484
2016 -1,099 474,779
2017 -3,856 484,655
2018 -7,170 494,348
2019 -8,282 506,104
2020 -8,847 514,659
2021 -7,757 517,400
2022 -18,335 533,450
2023 -17,869 549,096

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Finland vs Malawi

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 8 deaths per 100,000 live births in Finland, compared to 225 deaths in Malawi.

Finland
Malawi
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Finland Malawi
1985 7 1,115
1986 8 1,118
1987 7 1,123
1988 8 1,154
1989 8 1,136
1990 8 1,112
1991 8 1,080
1992 8 1,042
1993 7 1,000
1994 7 912
1995 7 782
1996 7 713
1997 7 672
1998 7 658
1999 7 576
2000 7 506
2001 7 447
2002 7 404
2003 7 346
2004 7 304
2005 8 283
2006 7 286
2007 7 333
2008 7 430
2009 8 512
2010 8 517
2011 7 486
2012 8 447
2013 8 410
2014 7 367
2015 7 354
2016 7 312
2017 8 284
2018 8 267
2019 8 260
2020 9 256
2021 8 286
2022 8 239
2023 8 225

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.23% in Finland and 3.83% in Malawi. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Finland
Malawi

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Finland Malawi
1960 2.68% -
1961 2.53% 35.9%
1962 2.38% 35.8%
1963 2.25% 35.7%
1964 2.13% 35.5%
1965 2.02% 35.4%
1966 1.92% 35.3%
1967 1.84% 35.1%
1968 1.76% 35%
1969 1.68% 34.7%
1970 1.61% 34.4%
1971 1.54% 33.9%
1972 1.46% 33.2%
1973 1.39% 32.4%
1974 1.31% 31.5%
1975 1.23% 30.6%
1976 1.14% 29.7%
1977 1.06% 28.7%
1978 0.99% 27.6%
1979 0.92% 26.5%
1980 0.87% 25.6%
1981 0.82% 24.9%
1982 0.79% 24.5%
1983 0.76% 24.5%
1984 0.75% 24.8%
1985 0.73% 25.1%
1986 0.73% 25.4%
1987 0.72% 25.5%
1988 0.71% 25.3%
1989 0.69% 24.9%
1990 0.67% 24.3%
1991 0.64% 23.6%
1992 0.61% 22.8%
1993 0.58% 22%
1994 0.55% 21.3%
1995 0.52% 20.7%
1996 0.49% 20.2%
1997 0.47% 19.7%
1998 0.46% 19.2%
1999 0.44% 18.4%
2000 0.43% 17.3%
2001 0.42% 16%
2002 0.41% 14.6%
2003 0.4% 13.2%
2004 0.39% 11.9%
2005 0.37% 11%
2006 0.36% 10.3%
2007 0.35% 9.83%
2008 0.33% 9.31%
2009 0.32% 8.81%
2010 0.3% 8.3%
2011 0.29% 7.67%
2012 0.28% 6.98%
2013 0.26% 6.4%
2014 0.26% 6.02%
2015 0.25% 5.67%
2016 0.24% 5.35%
2017 0.24% 5.06%
2018 0.24% 4.75%
2019 0.23% 4.55%
2020 0.23% 4.31%
2021 0.23% 4.15%
2022 0.23% 3.99%
2023 0.23% 3.83%

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs Finland vs Malawi
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