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Fertility & birth rates in Brunei and Malawi

Updated on by Georank team

Brunei has an annual birth rate of 13.6 births per 1,000 people, compared to 31.4 for Malawi. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.75 in Brunei and 3.65 in Malawi — 108.8% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -76.1% in Brunei and by -48.2% in Malawi — in 1960, it was 7.32 and 7.04, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Brunei is ranked 105/196 by birth rate compared to 25/196 for Malawi.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 30.7 in Brunei — it's 27.6 in Malawi.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 8.52 in Brunei vs 113.6 in Malawi.
  • In Brunei, 25.7% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 26.2% in Malawi.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.84% in Brunei and +2.6% in Malawi.

Birth rate data compared

Brunei Malawi
Fertility rate 1.75 3.65
Birth rate 13.6 31.4
Birth rate rank 105/196 25/196
Age at first childbirth n/a 19.1 years
Average age at childbearing 30.7 years 27.6 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 7.48 112.9
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 75.1 171.4
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 27.2 51.6
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 25.7% 26.2%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 n/a 64.7%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 99.6% 96.4%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.04% 0.23%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.49% 1.88%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.82% 2.94%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 0.94% 3.83%
Population change due to births and deaths +3,837 +549,096
Natural population change rank 132/196 35/196
Natural population change rate +0.84% +2.6%
Population growth +0.82% +2.61%
Population growth rank 116/197 27/197
Life expectancy 75.7 years 67.7 years

Fertility rate in Brunei vs Malawi chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Brunei was 1.75 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.65 in Malawi in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Brunei vs Malawi population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Brunei
Factual

UN forecast
Malawi
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Brunei Malawi
1960 7.32 7.04
1961 7.19 7.07
1962 7.03 7.1
1963 6.89 7.13
1964 6.77 7.11
1965 6.65 7.13
1966 6.51 7.17
1967 6.37 7.21
1968 6.2 7.26
1969 6.01 7.27
1970 5.8 7.3
1971 5.62 7.31
1972 5.5 7.33
1973 5.36 7.34
1974 5.18 7.34
1975 4.99 7.36
1976 4.78 7.39
1977 4.58 7.41
1978 4.39 7.43
1979 4.22 7.47
1980 4.07 7.52
1981 3.94 7.49
1982 3.84 7.45
1983 3.75 7.36
1984 3.68 7.27
1985 3.61 7.17
1986 3.55 7.07
1987 3.49 6.97
1988 3.44 6.88
1989 3.36 6.8
1990 3.29 6.74
1991 3.21 6.68
1992 3.11 6.63
1993 3.01 6.57
1994 2.9 6.49
1995 2.79 6.39
1996 2.68 6.29
1997 2.6 6.23
1998 2.53 6.21
1999 2.46 6.12
2000 2.4 6
2001 2.34 5.94
2002 2.26 5.9
2003 2.19 5.88
2004 2.1 5.86
2005 2.02 5.85
2006 1.97 5.8
2007 1.93 5.72
2008 1.92 5.61
2009 1.92 5.45
2010 1.94 5.26
2011 1.96 5.08
2012 1.97 4.9
2013 1.98 4.76
2014 1.97 4.57
2015 1.95 4.38
2016 1.92 4.22
2017 1.88 4.11
2018 1.85 4.02
2019 1.82 3.95
2020 1.8 3.88
2021 1.78 3.79
2022 1.76 3.72
2023 1.75 3.65
2024 1.73 3.59
2025 1.71 3.53
2026 1.7 3.45
2027 1.68 3.39
2028 1.68 3.33
2029 1.67 3.29
2030 1.66 3.23
2031 1.65 3.18
2032 1.65 3.13
2033 1.65 3.09
2034 1.64 3.05
2035 1.64 3.01
2036 1.64 2.97
2037 1.64 2.93
2038 1.64 2.89
2039 1.63 2.86
2040 1.63 2.82
2041 1.63 2.79
2042 1.63 2.76
2043 1.62 2.73
2044 1.62 2.7
2045 1.62 2.67
2046 1.62 2.64
2047 1.62 2.61
2048 1.62 2.59
2049 1.62 2.57
2050 1.61 2.54

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Brunei
Factual

UN forecast
Malawi
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Brunei Malawi
1960 44.1% 43.1%
1961 45.2% 42.9%
1962 46.1% 42.8%
1963 46.6% 42.9%
1964 46.6% 43%
1965 46.5% 43.2%
1966 46% 43.4%
1967 45.4% 43.7%
1968 44.8% 43.9%
1969 44.2% 44.2%
1970 43.6% 44.4%
1971 43.3% 44.6%
1972 43% 44.8%
1973 42.6% 44.9%
1974 42% 45.1%
1975 41.3% 45.2%
1976 40.6% 45.2%
1977 39.9% 45.3%
1978 39.3% 45.3%
1979 38.9% 45.3%
1980 38.5% 45.4%
1981 38.1% 45.4%
1982 37.6% 45.4%
1983 36.9% 45.5%
1984 36.3% 45.5%
1985 35.7% 45.4%
1986 35.2% 45.4%
1987 34.9% 45.1%
1988 34.7% 45%
1989 34.6% 45.2%
1990 34.4% 45.4%
1991 34.4% 45.6%
1992 34.3% 45.8%
1993 34.1% 46%
1994 33.7% 46.1%
1995 33.3% 46.1%
1996 32.7% 46.2%
1997 32.2% 46.2%
1998 31.6% 46.2%
1999 31% 46.2%
2000 30.3% 46.2%
2001 29.6% 46.1%
2002 28.9% 46.1%
2003 28.1% 46.1%
2004 27.4% 46%
2005 26.7% 46%
2006 25.9% 46.1%
2007 25.5% 46.1%
2008 25.5% 46.1%
2009 25.4% 46.2%
2010 25.3% 46.2%
2011 25.2% 46.2%
2012 24.9% 46.1%
2013 24.5% 46%
2014 24% 45.7%
2015 23.6% 45.4%
2016 23.1% 45.1%
2017 22.7% 44.6%
2018 22.3% 44.2%
2019 21.9% 43.7%
2020 21.6% 43.1%
2021 21.3% 42.5%
2022 21.2% 41.9%
2023 21% 41.3%
2024 20.8% 40.7%
2025 20.6% 40.1%
2026 20.4% 39.6%
2027 20.1% 39.1%
2028 19.8% 38.6%
2029 19.5% 38.1%
2030 19.1% 37.7%
2031 18.8% 37.4%
2032 18.5% 37%
2033 18.2% 36.7%
2034 18% 36.4%
2035 17.7% 36%
2036 17.5% 35.7%
2037 17.2% 35.3%
2038 17% 35%
2039 16.8% 34.6%
2040 16.6% 34.2%
2041 16.4% 33.9%
2042 16.3% 33.5%
2043 16.1% 33.1%
2044 16% 32.7%
2045 15.9% 32.3%
2046 15.8% 31.9%
2047 15.7% 31.5%
2048 15.7% 31.2%
2049 15.6% 30.8%
2050 15.6% 30.5%

Children aged 0-14 make up 20.8% of the population in Brunei and 40.7% in Malawi in 2024, compared to 34.4% and 45.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Brunei and Malawi compared.

Natural population change in Brunei vs Malawi by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.01% in Brunei and +2.67% in Malawi. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Brunei
Malawi

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Brunei Malawi
1960 3,168 85,718
1961 3,175 89,091
1962 3,128 92,463
1963 3,195 95,933
1964 3,264 97,658
1965 3,326 100,040
1966 3,403 103,512
1967 3,477 106,668
1968 3,551 110,329
1969 3,618 113,120
1970 3,694 116,822
1971 3,880 121,015
1972 4,085 125,728
1973 4,216 131,529
1974 4,334 137,819
1975 4,431 145,254
1976 4,518 153,422
1977 4,594 161,930
1978 4,668 172,503
1979 4,717 182,123
1980 4,775 192,746
1981 4,839 199,436
1982 4,931 205,386
1983 5,138 209,422
1984 5,373 212,146
1985 5,620 216,179
1986 5,826 218,519
1987 6,017 220,566
1988 6,135 226,911
1989 6,202 237,967
1990 6,265 250,159
1991 6,259 260,193
1992 6,169 269,066
1993 6,045 276,538
1994 5,907 275,439
1995 5,750 266,745
1996 5,606 270,048
1997 5,518 277,433
1998 5,466 285,407
1999 5,388 295,629
2000 5,331 300,439
2001 5,275 310,833
2002 5,169 322,863
2003 5,034 341,133
2004 4,874 361,133
2005 4,703 381,130
2006 4,590 397,123
2007 4,521 410,290
2008 4,624 421,781
2009 4,789 434,811
2010 5,003 444,468
2011 5,242 454,149
2012 5,349 460,684
2013 5,302 470,293
2014 5,206 472,418
2015 5,060 472,484
2016 4,876 474,779
2017 4,685 484,655
2018 4,502 494,348
2019 4,335 506,104
2020 4,188 514,659
2021 3,985 517,400
2022 3,319 533,450
2023 3,837 549,096

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Brunei vs Malawi

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 36 deaths per 100,000 live births in Brunei, compared to 225 deaths in Malawi.

Brunei
Malawi
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Brunei Malawi
1985 79 1,115
1986 78 1,118
1987 75 1,123
1988 73 1,154
1989 71 1,136
1990 68 1,112
1991 65 1,080
1992 62 1,042
1993 59 1,000
1994 58 912
1995 55 782
1996 54 713
1997 52 672
1998 51 658
1999 50 576
2000 48 506
2001 46 447
2002 46 404
2003 45 346
2004 44 304
2005 43 283
2006 42 286
2007 41 333
2008 40 430
2009 40 512
2010 40 517
2011 40 486
2012 40 447
2013 40 410
2014 40 367
2015 39 354
2016 39 312
2017 39 284
2018 39 267
2019 38 260
2020 39 256
2021 44 286
2022 88 239
2023 36 225

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.94% in Brunei and 3.83% in Malawi. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Brunei
Malawi

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Brunei Malawi
1960 8.9% -
1961 8.24% 35.9%
1962 7.66% 35.8%
1963 7.15% 35.7%
1964 6.7% 35.5%
1965 6.32% 35.4%
1966 5.98% 35.3%
1967 5.69% 35.1%
1968 5.42% 35%
1969 5.16% 34.7%
1970 4.91% 34.4%
1971 4.64% 33.9%
1972 4.35% 33.2%
1973 4.06% 32.4%
1974 3.77% 31.5%
1975 3.49% 30.6%
1976 3.21% 29.7%
1977 2.95% 28.7%
1978 2.71% 27.6%
1979 2.48% 26.5%
1980 2.28% 25.6%
1981 2.09% 24.9%
1982 1.93% 24.5%
1983 1.79% 24.5%
1984 1.67% 24.8%
1985 1.57% 25.1%
1986 1.48% 25.4%
1987 1.42% 25.5%
1988 1.38% 25.3%
1989 1.35% 24.9%
1990 1.33% 24.3%
1991 1.32% 23.6%
1992 1.31% 22.8%
1993 1.3% 22%
1994 1.27% 21.3%
1995 1.23% 20.7%
1996 1.19% 20.2%
1997 1.15% 19.7%
1998 1.1% 19.2%
1999 1.07% 18.4%
2000 1.03% 17.3%
2001 1% 16%
2002 0.98% 14.6%
2003 0.96% 13.2%
2004 0.95% 11.9%
2005 0.95% 11%
2006 0.95% 10.3%
2007 0.95% 9.83%
2008 0.96% 9.31%
2009 0.96% 8.81%
2010 0.97% 8.3%
2011 0.98% 7.67%
2012 0.99% 6.98%
2013 0.99% 6.4%
2014 1% 6.02%
2015 1% 5.67%
2016 1% 5.35%
2017 1% 5.06%
2018 0.99% 4.75%
2019 0.98% 4.55%
2020 0.97% 4.31%
2021 0.96% 4.15%
2022 0.95% 3.99%
2023 0.94% 3.83%

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Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs Brunei vs Malawi
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