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Economy of Nigeria vs South Sudan compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Nigeria has a GDP of $188B compared to $12B for South Sudan, ranking 58/197 and 150/197 by economy size, respectively.

Nigeria has $99.3B in government debt (52.5% of GDP), compared to $6.87B (63.2% of GDP) in South Sudan.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Nigeria
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
South Sudan
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Nigeria South Sudan
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $4,196,174,502 $65,552,393,151 - -
1961 $4,467,287,893 $65,678,119,685 - -
1962 $4,909,399,176 $68,372,888,068 - -
1963 $5,165,590,254 $74,238,337,576 - -
1964 $5,552,931,319 $77,913,498,064 - -
1965 $5,874,537,650 $81,719,554,395 - -
1966 $6,366,917,453 $78,246,053,144 - -
1967 $5,203,237,919 $65,927,285,450 - -
1968 $5,200,997,920 $65,104,275,427 - -
1969 $6,634,317,346 $80,857,806,917 - -
1970 $12,546,094,982 $101,078,114,312 - -
1971 $9,181,769,912 $115,469,142,733 - -
1972 $12,274,416,018 $119,353,827,264 - -
1973 $15,162,871,287 $125,790,293,297 - -
1974 $24,846,641,318 $139,829,338,542 - -
1975 $27,778,934,625 $132,519,413,715 - -
1976 $36,308,883,249 $144,502,285,208 - -
1977 $36,035,407,725 $153,207,273,165 - -
1978 $36,527,862,209 $144,376,163,268 - -
1979 $47,259,911,894 $154,135,170,311 - -
1980 $64,201,788,123 $160,616,293,803 - -
1981 $164,475,209,516 $139,530,778,713 - -
1982 $142,769,363,314 $130,037,957,320 - -
1983 $97,094,911,792 $115,832,500,286 - -
1984 $73,484,359,521 $114,540,246,020 - -
1985 $73,745,821,158 $121,313,042,219 - -
1986 $54,805,852,581 $121,386,976,785 - -
1987 $52,676,041,931 $125,271,512,343 - -
1988 $49,648,470,440 $134,458,956,986 - -
1989 $44,003,061,108 $137,039,737,058 - -
1990 $54,035,795,388 $153,178,750,575 - -
1991 $59,526,833,412 $153,727,670,613 - -
1992 $52,058,181,854 $160,847,095,651 - -
1993 $56,721,051,402 $157,573,666,210 - -
1994 $80,399,613,064 $154,713,823,159 - -
1995 $140,919,776,986 $154,601,400,725 - -
1996 $185,730,236,700 $161,088,358,074 - -
1997 $200,850,397,618 $165,819,683,304 - -
1998 $218,416,200,673 $170,099,910,681 - -
1999 $59,145,077,039 $171,093,510,004 - -
2000 $69,171,451,627 $179,675,448,843 - -
2001 $73,557,840,064 $190,308,075,298 - -
2002 $95,054,059,303 $219,480,696,548 - -
2003 $104,738,954,264 $235,606,371,241 - -
2004 $135,764,731,646 $257,401,275,804 - -
2005 $175,670,569,969 $273,974,099,483 - -
2006 $238,454,997,161 $290,575,362,868 - -
2007 $278,260,846,800 $309,727,563,830 - -
2008 $339,476,276,258 $330,679,000,571 $14,586,253,383 $20,185,217,786
2009 $295,008,835,381 $357,255,424,171 $12,231,264,525 $21,202,884,179
2010 $366,990,417,129 $385,856,064,173 $14,602,072,411 $22,367,646,895
2011 $414,466,676,831 $406,337,011,591 $14,907,308,933 $21,329,717,233
2012 $463,971,018,239 $423,525,315,758 $11,931,472,169 $11,500,530,835
2013 $520,117,180,314 $451,780,110,047 $18,426,469,017 $13,010,519,614
2014 $574,183,763,412 $480,286,163,931 $13,962,212,847 $13,449,448,811
2015 $493,026,682,801 $493,026,682,801 $11,997,800,760 $11,997,800,760
2016 $404,649,125,252 $485,055,087,456 - -
2017 $375,745,731,053 $488,964,081,501 - -
2018 $421,739,251,509 $498,365,674,278 - -
2019 $474,517,490,844 $509,371,727,736 - -
2020 $432,198,898,468 $500,232,309,808 - -
2021 $440,833,635,874 $518,476,715,284 - -
2022 $477,403,400,101 $535,335,926,241 - -
2023 $363,846,332,835 $550,647,684,656 - -
2024 $187,759,703,100 $569,515,294,271 - -

Economic indicators

Nigeria South Sudan
Gross domestic product
$188B
2024
$12B
2015
GDP rank
58/197
2024
150/197
2015
GDP growth
-48.4%
2023-2024
-14.1%
2014-2015
GDP per capita
$807
2024
$1,080
2015
GDP per capita rank
186/197
2024
172/197
2015
GDP per capita, PPP
$6,440
2024
$1,155
2015
Government debt
$99.3B
2024
$6.87B
2015
Debt-to-GDP ratio
52.5%
2025
63.2%
2025
Government debt per person
$427
2024
$618
2015
Government debt per person rank
170/185
2024
159/185
2015
Average annual personal income after taxes
$1,020
2025
$1,540
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$54.4B
2024
n/a
Number of billionaires
4
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
26.3%
2022
33%
2016
Income share by poorest 10%
3%
2022
1.8%
2016
Government expenditure, % of GDP
18.5%
2025
26.7%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
33.2%
2023-2024
91.4%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
27.5%
2024
15%
2023
Unemployment rate
3.45%
2024
12.3%
2008
Population
241467099
12387398

GDP per capita in Nigeria vs South Sudan

Nigeria's GDP per capita is $807, ranking 186/197, compared to $1,080 in South Sudan, ranking 172/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Nigeria ranks 149th at $6,440, while South Sudan ranks 196th at $1,155.

Nigeria
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
South Sudan
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Nigeria South Sudan
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $93.1 - - -
1961 $97.1 - - -
1962 $104.5 - - -
1963 $107.7 - - -
1964 $113.3 - - -
1965 $117.3 - - -
1966 $124.4 - - -
1967 $99.5 - - -
1968 $97.3 - - -
1969 $121.4 - - -
1970 $224.5 - - -
1971 $160.5 - - -
1972 $209.5 - - -
1973 $252.4 - - -
1974 $403 - - -
1975 $438 - - -
1976 $556 - - -
1977 $536 - - -
1978 $527 - - -
1979 $661 - - -
1980 $870 - - -
1981 $2,162 - - -
1982 $1,822 - - -
1983 $1,207 - - -
1984 $890 - - -
1985 $869 - - -
1986 $628 - - -
1987 $588 - - -
1988 $540 - - -
1989 $465 - - -
1990 $556 $2,017 - -
1991 $597 $2,038 - -
1992 $509 $2,124 - -
1993 $540 $2,075 - -
1994 $745 $2,026 - -
1995 $1,272 $2,013 - -
1996 $1,633 $2,081 - -
1997 $1,720 $2,123 - -
1998 $1,822 $2,146 - -
1999 $481 $2,132 - -
2000 $547 $2,229 - -
2001 $566 $2,349 - -
2002 $712 $2,677 - -
2003 $763 $2,851 - -
2004 $962 $3,111 - -
2005 $1,211 $3,322 - -
2006 $1,600 $3,533 - -
2007 $1,816 $3,762 - -
2008 $2,154 $3,982 $1,654 $2,887
2009 $1,820 $4,209 $1,323 $2,911
2010 $2,202 $4,475 $1,498 $2,948
2011 $2,418 $4,676 $1,449 $2,718
2012 $2,633 $4,737 $1,109 $1,417
2013 $2,873 $4,974 $1,650 $1,917
2014 $3,089 $5,252 $1,243 $1,373
2015 $2,586 $5,189 $1,080 $1,155
2016 $2,070 $5,022 - -
2017 $1,876 $4,997 - -
2018 $2,058 $5,083 - -
2019 $2,265 $5,362 - -
2020 $2,020 $5,354 - -
2021 $2,017 $5,492 - -
2022 $2,139 $5,949 - -
2023 $1,597 $6,207 - -
2024 $807 $6,440 - -

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Nigeria's government spending was $33.4B, accounting for 18.5% of its GDP, while South Sudan's spent $3.98B, or 26.7% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 52.5% in Nigeria and 63.2% in South Sudan, ranking 104/185 and 72/185, respectively.

Nigeria
Government spending

Government debt
South Sudan
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Nigeria South Sudan
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1990 20% 71.7% - -
1991 19.2% 75% - -
1992 22.5% 70.2% - -
1993 28.2% 71% - -
1994 17% 55.9% - -
1995 12.5% 34% - -
1996 11.1% 25.2% - -
1997 13.6% 24.1% - -
1998 15.7% 22.3% - -
1999 21% 64.9% - -
2000 24.7% 57.6% - -
2001 30.9% 53.1% - -
2002 19.4% 43.3% - -
2003 23.2% 42.1% - -
2004 18.3% 35.5% - -
2005 17.8% 18.9% - -
2006 12.3% 9.4% - -
2007 18.1% 8.12% - -
2008 14.4% 7.28% - -
2009 15.4% 8.62% - -
2010 16.6% 9.39% - -
2011 17.3% 17.4% 20.8% -
2012 14.8% 17.6% 31.6% 8.91%
2013 14.1% 18.3% 25.3% 17.6%
2014 13.4% 18.2% 36.2% 38.1%
2015 11% 21% 33.2% 57.2%
2016 9.76% 24.5% 60.8% 150.5%
2017 12% 25.4% 88.6% 163%
2018 12.8% 28.7% 56.4% 80.3%
2019 12.5% 30.2% 47.1% 43.1%
2020 12.1% 35.6% 33.5% 49%
2021 12.6% 36.8% 44.1% 51.1%
2022 14.4% 40.4% 29.7% 39.1%
2023 13.9% 48.7% 23.5% 49.7%
2024 17.8% 52.9% 20.3% 54.3%
2025 18.5% 52.5% 26.7% 63.2%

Government deficit by year

In 2015, Nigeria's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$18.7B, equivalent to -3.8% of GDP. This compares to South Sudan's deficit of -$1.92B, or -16% of GDP.

Over the past 5 years, Nigeria recorded a fiscal deficit in 4 of those years, while South Sudan ran a deficit in 4 years. On average, Nigeria posted an annual deficit equal to -1.72% of GDP, compared to deficit of -7.78% of GDP for South Sudan.

Deficit/surplus
Nigeria

South Sudan
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Nigeria South Sudan
1990 -0.67% -
1991 -1.66% -
1992 1.33% -
1993 -8.55% -
1994 -4.17% -
1995 3.55% -
1996 4.75% -
1997 1.6% -
1998 -4.89% -
1999 -1.96% -
2000 4.07% -
2001 -3.22% -
2002 1.34% -
2003 -2.2% -
2004 5.49% -
2005 4.91% -
2006 8.76% -
2007 -1.12% -
2008 5.7% -
2009 -5.33% -
2010 -4.17% -
2011 0.43% 4.57%
2012 -0.13% -14.8%
2013 -2.66% -3.45%
2014 -2.43% -9.18%
2015 -3.8% -16%
2016 -4.64% -18.1%
2017 -5.41% 8.74%
2018 -4.31% -1.1%
2019 -4.66% 0.84%
2020 -5.58% -4.93%
2021 -5.48% -9.3%
2022 -5.42% 2.05%
2023 -4.19% 7.85%
2024 -3.37% 3.86%
2025 -4.48% 2%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 16 years, Nigeria has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 14.8%, compared with 63.7% in South Sudan. In 2024, inflation was 33.2% in Nigeria and 91.4% in South Sudan.

Inflation
Nigeria

South Sudan
Year Inflation
Nigeria South Sudan Nigeria South Sudan
1996 29.3% -
1997 8.53% -
1998 10% -
1999 6.62% -
2000 6.93% -
2001 18.9% -
2002 12.9% -
2003 14% -
2004 15% -
2005 17.9% -
2006 8.23% -
2007 5.39% -
2008 11.6% -
2009 12.5% 5.01%
2010 13.7% 1.17%
2011 10.8% 46.9%
2012 12.2% 45.5%
2013 8.5% -0.06%
2014 8.05% 1.67%
2015 9.01% 52.8%
2016 15.7% 380%
2017 16.5% 187.9%
2018 12.1% 83.5%
2019 11.4% 87.2%
2020 13.2% 29.7%
2021 17% 10.5%
2022 18.8% -6.69%
2023 24.7% 2.38%
2024 33.2% 91.4%

Top exports between countries

Nigeria
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $865K
Animal & marine products $44K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $38K
South Sudan
Export category Export value

Balance of trade

Nigeria South Sudan
Current account balance
$17.2B
2024
$578M
2023
Current account balance ranking
20/189
2024
58/189
2023
Current account balance, % of GDP
+9.17%
2024
-4.17%
2015
Goods imports
$39.8B
2024
$2.25B
2023
Goods exports
$53B
2024
$4.01B
2023
Service imports
$17.9B
2024
$2.19B
2023
Service exports
$4.57B
2024
$484M
2023
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
16.9%
1960
28.9%
2015
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
9.24%
1960
36.7%
2015

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Nigeria South Sudan
Economic freedom 53.4 41
Economic freedom ranking 141/197 186/197
Property rights 25.4 n/a
Government integrity 22.4 n/a
Judicial effectiveness 34.1 n/a
Tax burden 85.1 n/a
Government spending 94.5 n/a
Fiscal health 55.4 n/a
Business freedom 38.5 n/a
Labor freedom 72.8 n/a
Monetary freedom 59.9 n/a
Trade freedom 67.6 n/a
Investment freedom 45 n/a
Financial freedom 40 n/a

More economic indicators

Nigeria South Sudan
Services, % of GDP
47%
2024
56.6%
2015
Industry, % of GDP
29.6%
2024
33.1%
2015
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
20.4%
2024
10.4%
2015
GNI, Atlas method
$291B
2024
$11.7B
2015
GNI per capita, PPP
$6,210
2024
$1,010
2015
Total reserves including gold
$38.6B
2024
$72.9M
2023
Total reserves ranking
51/177
2024
175/177
2023
Net foreign direct investment
-$672M
2024
$2.21M
2019
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.08B
2024
$83.4M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$408M
2024
$42M
2017
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
2.61%
2023
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
56.2%
2023
66%
2020
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
n/a
5.75%
2015

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

Compare countries by 7 more topics

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Economy vs Nigeria vs South Sudan
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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.