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Economy of Bahrain vs Congo compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Bahrain has a GDP of $47.7B compared to $15.7B for the Congo, ranking 95/197 and 141/197 by economy size, respectively.

Bahrain has $64B in government debt (141.4% of GDP), compared to $15B (91.4% of GDP) in the Congo.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Bahrain
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Congo
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Bahrain Congo
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 - - $131,731,863 $1,260,529,281
1961 - - $151,675,739 $1,365,792,637
1962 - - $166,521,240 $1,436,845,387
1963 - - $172,233,431 $1,378,950,570
1964 - - $185,693,725 $1,431,582,304
1965 - - $198,318,064 $1,484,213,966
1966 - - $220,613,582 $1,504,384,173
1967 - - $237,397,428 $1,536,221,035
1968 - - $251,247,458 $1,653,455,074
1969 - - $265,040,036 $1,778,266,547
1970 $391,577,364 $3,916,965,158 $274,960,700 $1,891,337,095
1971 $422,181,562 $3,979,916,383 $322,128,019 $2,037,973,138
1972 $534,081,184 $4,420,574,963 $410,669,264 $2,213,596,510
1973 $761,132,545 $5,036,098,060 $541,973,363 $2,395,801,821
1974 $1,042,176,884 $5,462,767,480 $585,364,634 $2,584,723,272
1975 $1,099,107,601 $4,980,141,416 $767,102,680 $2,784,563,655
1976 $1,581,709,519 $6,497,904,126 $754,549,601 $2,810,078,243
1977 $1,989,060,283 $7,343,778,518 $765,224,029 $2,558,479,911
1978 $2,272,042,965 $7,627,414,970 $878,771,772 $2,721,192,761
1979 $2,710,160,739 $7,892,030,438 $1,198,749,667 $2,988,229,522
1980 $3,493,834,468 $8,095,666,864 $1,705,796,853 $3,515,251,773
1981 $3,943,109,532 $7,665,244,758 $1,993,512,323 $4,134,629,380
1982 $4,145,421,080 $7,086,042,176 $2,160,640,565 $5,110,306,815
1983 $4,247,030,468 $7,537,874,925 $2,097,274,290 $5,409,462,277
1984 $4,440,874,566 $7,915,043,506 $2,193,581,365 $5,786,833,455
1985 $4,152,376,484 $7,538,424,481 $2,160,872,540 $5,718,221,236
1986 $3,470,746,843 $7,627,603,584 $1,849,268,212 $5,325,863,974
1987 $3,856,922,694 $8,420,798,792 $2,297,753,652 $5,335,949,917
1988 $4,209,834,173 $9,010,254,004 $2,212,536,312 $5,430,196,849
1989 $4,393,093,963 $9,043,051,972 $2,389,593,026 $5,571,375,261
1990 $4,809,511,005 $9,444,382,363 $2,798,746,050 $5,627,089,213
1991 $5,248,911,170 $10,504,986,340 $2,724,853,506 $5,761,878,676
1992 $5,402,232,447 $11,207,769,729 $2,933,222,703 $5,912,375,954
1993 $5,913,001,064 $12,650,210,449 $2,684,323,623 $5,854,453,400
1994 $6,330,627,926 $12,618,584,749 $1,769,365,438 $5,532,863,840
1995 $6,651,180,851 $13,114,494,169 $2,116,003,868 $5,753,366,412
1996 $6,938,166,755 $13,653,500,708 $2,540,697,539 $6,000,213,536
1997 $7,219,407,713 $14,075,803,380 $2,322,719,103 $5,962,723,473
1998 $7,031,309,043 $14,750,034,868 $1,949,481,379 $6,185,583,409
1999 $7,528,469,149 $15,384,286,109 $2,354,772,960 $6,025,859,314
2000 $9,062,898,936 $16,199,663,949 $3,227,927,698 $6,482,377,235
2001 $8,976,196,809 $16,603,189,277 $2,796,704,604 $6,728,876,234
2002 $9,593,510,638 $17,159,155,483 $3,034,250,924 $7,037,184,600
2003 $11,074,813,830 $18,239,571,634 $3,503,723,088 $7,094,415,494
2004 $13,150,159,574 $19,512,869,154 $4,656,974,940 $7,341,062,187
2005 $15,968,723,404 $20,833,694,756 $6,650,001,680 $7,910,417,276
2006 $18,504,760,638 $22,181,009,695 $8,072,305,029 $8,542,162,056
2007 $21,730,000,000 $24,020,694,053 $8,782,703,437 $7,977,183,901
2008 $25,710,904,255 $25,520,789,027 $11,649,857,673 $8,480,255,109
2009 $22,938,218,085 $26,168,987,899 $9,723,299,915 $9,467,126,892
2010 $26,805,984,043 $27,303,230,073 $13,148,396,212 $10,407,332,392
2011 $29,914,680,851 $27,829,679,464 $15,655,383,577 $10,636,909,753
2012 $31,963,404,255 $28,888,050,242 $17,692,911,296 $11,694,979,455
2013 $33,823,324,468 $30,416,985,616 $17,958,720,699 $11,611,660,392
2014 $34,772,526,596 $31,727,610,008 $17,919,321,078 $12,383,378,937
2015 $32,523,297,872 $32,523,297,872 $12,434,793,867 $12,434,793,867
2016 $33,884,680,851 $33,764,059,499 $10,931,328,151 $11,354,801,749
2017 $37,204,813,830 $35,436,675,411 $11,834,473,039 $10,719,526,285
2018 $39,567,978,723 $36,164,044,588 $14,773,900,289 $10,472,514,332
2019 $40,446,808,511 $36,906,448,211 $13,976,637,780 $10,590,275,025
2020 $35,837,632,979 $34,724,774,104 $11,468,687,464 $9,926,500,702
2021 $40,840,212,766 $36,235,315,986 $14,825,690,211 $10,027,261,670
2022 $46,458,191,489 $38,474,716,945 $15,817,030,157 $10,175,199,490
2023 $46,192,260,638 $39,966,811,156 $15,321,055,818 $10,369,226,733
2024 $47,736,702,128 $41,172,709,123 $15,719,985,776 $10,636,718,190

Economic indicators

Bahrain Congo
Gross domestic product
$47.7B
2024
$15.7B
2024
GDP rank
95/197
2024
141/197
2024
GDP growth
3.34%
2023-2024
2.6%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$30,048
2024
$2,482
2024
GDP per capita rank
41/197
2024
148/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$67,211
2024
$7,026
2024
Government debt
$64B
2024
$15B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
141.4%
2025
91.4%
2025
Government debt per person
$40,267
2024
$2,369
2024
Government debt per person rank
13/185
2024
113/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$20,364
2025
$2,263
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$20.4B
2024
n/a
Income share by richest 10% n/a
37.9%
2011
Income share by poorest 10% n/a
1.6%
2011
Government expenditure, % of GDP
29.6%
2025
21.9%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
0.92%
2023-2024
3.6%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
4.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
1.2%
2012
10%
2012
Population
1650128
6607609

GDP per capita in Bahrain vs Congo

Bahrain's GDP per capita is $30,048, ranking 41/197, compared to $2,482 in the Congo, ranking 148/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Bahrain ranks 26th at $67,211, while the Congo ranks 147th at $7,026.

Bahrain
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Congo
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Bahrain Congo
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 - - $124.7 -
1961 - - $139.9 -
1962 - - $149.6 -
1963 - - $150.7 -
1964 - - $158.1 -
1965 - - $164.2 -
1966 - - $177.6 -
1967 - - $185.7 -
1968 - - $190.8 -
1969 - - $195.4 -
1970 $1,742 - $196.7 -
1971 $1,830 - $223.5 -
1972 $2,206 - $276.3 -
1973 $2,981 - $353 -
1974 $3,874 - $370 -
1975 $3,880 - $471 -
1976 $5,310 - $453 -
1977 $6,358 - $448 -
1978 $6,926 - $503 -
1979 $7,891 - $670 -
1980 $9,733 - $933 -
1981 $10,557 - $1,066 -
1982 $10,712 - $1,131 -
1983 $10,599 - $1,075 -
1984 $10,697 - $1,097 -
1985 $9,649 - $1,049 -
1986 $7,777 - $872 -
1987 $8,333 - $1,052 -
1988 $8,772 - $984 -
1989 $8,833 - $1,033 -
1990 $9,343 $26,902 $1,176 $3,437
1991 $10,434 $31,657 $1,113 $3,536
1992 $10,460 $33,648 $1,164 $3,608
1993 $11,152 $37,870 $1,034 $3,550
1994 $11,629 $37,579 $662 $3,327
1995 $11,901 $38,839 $770 $3,434
1996 $12,092 $40,106 $899 $3,547
1997 $12,255 $40,965 $804 $3,510
1998 $11,625 $42,281 $660 $3,602
1999 $12,123 $43,561 $776 $3,464
2000 $14,214 $45,688 $1,024 $3,667
2001 $13,573 $46,162 $855 $3,748
2002 $13,501 $45,091 $906 $3,888
2003 $14,486 $45,427 $1,017 $3,887
2004 $15,964 $46,317 $1,306 $3,992
2005 $17,966 $47,268 $1,799 $4,279
2006 $19,267 $48,009 $2,104 $4,588
2007 $20,908 $49,347 $2,206 $4,243
2008 $23,299 $50,330 $2,832 $4,448
2009 $19,465 $48,626 $2,271 $4,801
2010 $21,819 $49,255 $2,947 $5,125
2011 $25,033 $52,677 $3,396 $5,175
2012 $26,439 $56,713 $3,732 $6,058
2013 $26,990 $56,310 $3,697 $5,834
2014 $26,452 $54,299 $3,601 $5,733
2015 $23,734 $48,034 $2,439 $4,715
2016 $23,800 $47,429 $2,093 $4,016
2017 $24,785 $50,185 $2,212 $4,445
2018 $26,324 $51,993 $2,694 $5,593
2019 $27,260 $56,600 $2,488 $5,720
2020 $24,343 $53,436 $1,994 $4,771
2021 $27,148 $54,955 $2,516 $6,263
2022 $30,471 $61,678 $2,621 $6,647
2023 $29,290 $64,171 $2,478 $6,850
2024 $30,048 $67,211 $2,482 $7,026

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Bahrain's government spending was $14.4B, accounting for 29.6% of its GDP, while the Congo's spent $3.58B, or 21.9% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 141.4% in Bahrain and 91.4% in the Congo, ranking 8/185 and 33/185, respectively.

Bahrain
Government spending

Government debt
Congo
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Bahrain Congo
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1989 - - 20.3% 151.7%
1990 32.4% 7.24% 30.4% 0%
1991 28.5% 6.71% 34.1% 0%
1992 29.4% 6.45% 32.8% 0%
1993 26.7% 5.95% 32.8% 0%
1994 26.1% 5.62% 30.7% 0%
1995 25.1% 13.6% 27.6% 0%
1996 22.7% 13.1% 15.7% 0%
1997 31% 14.8% 22.2% 0%
1998 25.7% 20% 25.1% 0%
1999 27.1% 24.7% 28.8% 0%
2000 22.2% 24.7% 22.6% 145%
2001 26.5% 25% 29.1% 180.1%
2002 30.6% 27.2% 32.1% 163.5%
2003 28.1% 31.1% 27% 185.3%
2004 25% 28.2% 24.4% 122.6%
2005 23.9% 23.2% 22.1% 99.8%
2006 23.1% 19.4% 26.6% 94.7%
2007 22.4% 15.7% 28.6% 93.8%
2008 22.7% 12.1% 24.2% 69.6%
2009 24.6% 20.5% 24.4% 83.8%
2010 31.1% 28.8% 23% 43.5%
2011 30.2% 31.6% 27.9% 34.4%
2012 31.1% 34.8% 30.7% 30.2%
2013 32% 42.3% 42.4% 33.9%
2014 27.3% 42.6% 48.6% 42.3%
2015 34.8% 63.2% 41.3% 74.2%
2016 33.3% 77.4% 38.8% 84.6%
2017 30.7% 84% 26.6% 88.5%
2018 32.1% 90.4% 17.8% 71.2%
2019 31.2% 97.1% 20.2% 77.6%
2020 34.6% 125.7% 21.1% 102.5%
2021 30.6% 122.3% 20.9% 97.8%
2022 27.5% 111.6% 22.8% 92.5%
2023 27.9% 123% 20.7% 99%
2024 30.2% 134% 22.8% 95.4%
2025 29.6% 141.4% 21.9% 91.4%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Bahrain's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$5.11B, equivalent to -10.7% of GDP. This compares to the Congo's surplus of $410M, or 2.61% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Bahrain recorded a fiscal deficit in 27 of those years, while the Congo ran a deficit in 16 years. On average, Bahrain posted an annual deficit equal to -5.34% of GDP, compared to surplus of +0.72% of GDP for the Congo.

Deficit/surplus
Bahrain

Congo
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Bahrain Congo
1989 - 0.78%
1990 -6.79% -4.1%
1991 -3.47% -11.2%
1992 -5.41% -12.7%
1993 -2.77% -11.3%
1994 -5.18% -10.6%
1995 -3.99% -6.38%
1996 0.24% 9.2%
1997 -6.39% 3.67%
1998 -5.49% -5.16%
1999 -4.85% -4.75%
2000 7.33% 1.05%
2001 0.7% -0.71%
2002 -3.27% -7.34%
2003 -1.7% 0.37%
2004 0.24% 3.33%
2005 2.8% 13.4%
2006 2.24% 16%
2007 1.52% 8.99%
2008 4.08% 23.9%
2009 -5.36% 4.76%
2010 -9.29% 15.5%
2011 -4.9% 16.1%
2012 -5.77% 7.24%
2013 -8.55% -2.85%
2014 -3.32% -10.7%
2015 -17.5% -17.8%
2016 -16.6% -14.5%
2017 -13.4% -5.57%
2018 -11.3% 5.22%
2019 -8.57% 4.3%
2020 -17.3% -1.1%
2021 -10.6% 1.63%
2022 -5.15% 8.94%
2023 -8.46% 5.81%
2024 -10.7% 2.61%
2025 -10.4% 3.54%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Bahrain has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 1.28%, compared with 3.1% in the Congo. In 2024, inflation was 0.92% in Bahrain and 3.6% in the Congo.

Inflation
Bahrain

Congo
Year Inflation
Bahrain Congo Bahrain Congo
1996 -0.45% 7.4%
1997 2.43% 12.7%
1998 -0.37% 2.2%
1999 -1.29% 3%
2000 -0.7% 0.5%
2001 -1.21% 0.8%
2002 -0.5% 3%
2003 1.59% 1.7%
2004 2.35% 3.7%
2005 2.59% 2.5%
2006 2.01% 4.7%
2007 3.26% 2.6%
2008 3.53% 6%
2009 2.8% 4.3%
2010 1.96% 0.4%
2011 -0.4% 1.8%
2012 2.76% 5%
2013 3.3% 4.6%
2014 2.65% 0.9%
2015 1.85% 3.2%
2016 2.79% 3.2%
2017 1.39% 0.4%
2018 2.09% 1.2%
2019 1.01% 0.4%
2020 -2.32% 1.4%
2021 -0.61% 2%
2022 3.63% 3%
2023 0.07% 4.3%
2024 0.92% 3.1%
2025 - 3.6%

Top exports between countries

Bahrain
Export category Export value
Congo
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $537K
Textiles & consumer goods $10K
Raw materials & minerals $1K

Balance of trade

Bahrain Congo
Current account balance
$2.28B
2024
$1.72B
2021
Current account balance ranking
42/189
2024
47/189
2021
Current account balance, % of GDP
+4.78%
2024
+11.6%
2021
Goods imports
$20.7B
2024
$2.78B
2021
Goods exports
$24.3B
2024
$7.51B
2021
Service imports
$12.4B
2024
$1.71B
2021
Service exports
$17B
2024
$240M
2021
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
70.1%
2023
40.4%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
87.4%
2023
52.8%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Bahrain Congo
Economic freedom 65.6 48.6
Economic freedom ranking 61/197 169/197
Property rights 65.4 30.8
Government integrity 39.8 13.2
Judicial effectiveness 30.2 14.9
Tax burden 99.9 75.5
Government spending 74.3 86.2
Fiscal health 0 80.4
Business freedom 76.5 36.9
Labor freedom 55.3 52.5
Monetary freedom 88.7 77.7
Trade freedom 86.6 49.6
Investment freedom 90 35
Financial freedom 80 30

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Bahrain is 65.6, ranking 61/197, compared to 48.6 for the Congo, ranking 169/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Bahrain
Congo
Year Economic freedom index
Bahrain Congo
1995 76.2 -
1996 76.4 40.3
1997 76.1 42.2
1998 75.6 33.8
1999 75.2 41.6
2000 75.7 40.6
2001 75.9 44.3
2002 75.6 45.3
2003 76.3 47.7
2004 75.1 45.9
2005 71.2 46.2
2006 71.6 43.8
2007 71.2 44.4
2008 72.2 45.3
2009 74.8 45.4
2010 76.3 43.2
2011 77.7 43.6
2012 75.2 43.8
2013 75.5 43.5
2014 75.1 43.7
2015 73.4 42.7
2016 74.3 42.8
2017 68.5 40
2018 67.7 38.9
2019 66.4 39.7
2020 66.3 41.8
2021 69.9 50.7
2022 62 48.5
2023 62.5 48.1
2024 63.4 47.8
2025 65.6 48.6

More economic indicators

Bahrain Congo
Services, % of GDP
51.9%
2023
45%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
43.4%
2023
40.1%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
0.25%
2023
9.44%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$45.8B
2024
$15.2B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$63,610
2024
$6,700
2024
Total reserves including gold
$4.95B
2024
$715M
2023
Total reserves ranking
102/177
2024
148/177
2023
Net foreign direct investment
-$2.43B
2024
$330M
2021
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$2.7B
2024
$604M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$275M
2024
$25.4M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
n/a
5.31%
2023
Poverty at national poverty lines n/a
40.9%
2011
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
29.3%
2023
26.8%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.