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Economy of Congo vs Switzerland compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

The Congo has a GDP of $16.3B compared to $1.04T for Switzerland, ranking 143/197 and 20/197 by economy size, respectively.

The Congo has $15.8B in government debt (96.8% of GDP), compared to $411B (39.4% of GDP) in Switzerland.

Congo vs Switzerland GDP by year

Congo
Switzerland
1x
Year GDP, current $
Congo Switzerland
2025 $16,306,633,779 $1,043,529,899,251
2024 $15,719,986,077 $969,919,786,395
2023 $15,321,055,823 $928,435,275,852
2022 $15,817,030,155 $858,479,038,994
2021 $14,825,690,211 $840,710,023,481
2020 $11,468,687,464 $756,096,180,222
2019 $13,976,637,780 $736,384,764,157
2018 $14,773,900,289 $740,766,531,454
2017 $11,834,473,039 $706,660,443,624
2016 $10,931,328,151 $698,607,778,795
2015 $12,434,793,867 $706,199,008,879
2014 $17,919,321,078 $741,168,119,617
2013 $17,958,720,699 $718,748,402,260
2012 $17,692,911,296 $697,882,536,677
2011 $15,655,383,577 $727,231,637,102
2010 $13,148,396,212 $609,999,593,542
2009 $9,723,299,915 $563,659,557,945
2008 $11,649,857,673 $574,703,945,157
2007 $8,782,703,437 $498,993,845,385
2006 $8,072,305,029 $448,364,681,767
2005 $6,650,001,680 $424,511,048,024
2004 $4,656,974,940 $409,012,909,530
2003 $3,503,723,088 $366,563,952,625
2002 $3,034,250,924 $313,930,961,761
2001 $2,796,704,604 $290,160,142,214
2000 $3,227,927,698 $282,327,351,966
1999 $2,354,772,960 $301,911,268,140
1998 $1,949,481,379 $306,907,741,068
1997 $2,322,719,103 $298,868,250,534
1996 $2,540,697,539 $345,373,647,249
1995 $2,116,003,868 $358,152,520,085
1994 $1,769,365,438 $305,916,331,798
1993 $2,684,323,623 $276,339,744,180
1992 $2,933,222,703 $284,139,428,246
1991 $2,724,853,506 $272,953,645,746
1990 $2,798,746,050 $269,768,238,555
1989 $2,389,593,026 $211,241,694,480
1988 $2,212,536,312 $218,788,504,066
1987 $2,297,753,652 $202,238,567,597
1986 $1,849,268,212 $161,487,171,049
1985 $2,160,872,540 $112,652,623,418
1984 $2,193,581,365 $111,104,641,869
1983 $2,097,274,290 $116,361,728,836
1982 $2,160,640,565 $116,776,899,473
1981 $1,993,512,323 $113,936,168,924
1980 $1,705,796,853 $124,404,609,417
1979 $1,198,749,667 $116,702,524,208
1978 $878,771,772 $103,821,687,919
1977 $765,224,029 $74,237,819,014
1976 $754,549,601 $69,508,364,538
1975 $767,102,680 $66,452,559,176
1974 $585,364,634 $57,963,469,607
1973 $541,973,363 $50,296,651,921
1972 $410,669,264 $37,399,508,287
1971 $322,128,019 $30,492,832,676
1970 $274,960,700 $25,374,750,743
1969 $265,040,036 $22,780,211,812
1968 $251,247,458 $21,024,203,656
1967 $237,397,428 $19,689,329,510
1966 $220,613,582 $18,290,928,227
1965 $198,318,064 $17,033,079,428
1964 $185,693,725 $16,071,715,835
1963 $172,233,431 $14,499,109,270
1962 $166,521,240 $13,185,384,691
1961 $151,675,739 $11,889,851,950
1960 $131,731,863 $10,569,129,806

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/congo/switzerland | CC BY

GDP per capita in Congo vs Switzerland by year

Congo
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Switzerland
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Congo Switzerland
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $2,515 - $114,769 -
2024 $2,482 $7,026 $107,702 $96,498
2023 $2,478 $6,850 $104,450 $95,142
2022 $2,621 $6,647 $97,809 $94,421
2021 $2,516 $6,263 $96,583 $81,001
2020 $1,994 $4,771 $87,530 $72,998
2019 $2,488 $5,720 $85,873 $73,732
2018 $2,694 $5,593 $87,002 $70,689
2017 $2,212 $4,445 $83,610 $68,194
2016 $2,093 $4,016 $83,432 $67,351
2015 $2,439 $4,715 $85,265 $65,265
2014 $3,601 $5,733 $90,512 $63,417
2013 $3,697 $5,834 $88,851 $61,656
2012 $3,732 $6,058 $87,270 $59,441
2011 $3,396 $5,175 $91,910 $57,494
2010 $2,947 $5,125 $77,956 $54,426
2009 $2,271 $4,801 $72,788 $52,999
2008 $2,832 $4,448 $75,148 $53,809
2007 $2,206 $4,243 $66,082 $50,928
2006 $2,104 $4,588 $59,910 $46,266
2005 $1,799 $4,279 $57,080 $41,525
2004 $1,306 $3,992 $55,350 $40,171
2003 $1,017 $3,887 $49,947 $38,732
2002 $906 $3,888 $43,094 $38,705
2001 $855 $3,748 $40,134 $37,819
2000 $1,024 $3,667 $39,298 $36,703
1999 $776 $3,464 $42,261 $34,743
1998 $660 $3,602 $43,166 $33,860
1997 $804 $3,510 $42,160 $32,736
1996 $899 $3,547 $48,838 $31,509
1995 $770 $3,434 $50,869 $30,842
1994 $662 $3,327 $43,741 $30,265
1993 $1,034 $3,550 $39,828 $29,495
1992 $1,164 $3,608 $41,327 $29,113
1991 $1,113 $3,536 $40,140 $28,792
1990 $1,176 $3,437 $40,171 $28,461
1989 $1,033 - $31,780 -
1988 $984 - $33,183 -
1987 $1,052 - $30,899 -
1986 $872 - $24,828 -
1985 $1,049 - $17,411 -
1984 $1,097 - $17,247 -
1983 $1,075 - $18,128 -
1982 $1,131 - $18,271 -
1981 $1,066 - $17,931 -
1980 $933 - $19,686 -
1979 $670 - $18,541 -
1978 $503 - $16,528 -
1977 $448 - $11,819 -
1976 $453 - $11,029 -
1975 $471 - $10,484 -
1974 $370 - $9,140 -
1973 $353 - $7,974 -
1972 $276.3 - $5,973 -
1971 $223.5 - $4,908 -
1970 $196.7 - $4,105 -
1969 $195.4 - $3,712 -
1968 $190.8 - $3,465 -
1967 $185.7 - $3,286 -
1966 $177.6 - $3,091 -
1965 $164.2 - $2,908 -
1964 $158.1 - $2,776 -
1963 $150.7 - $2,546 -
1962 $149.6 - $2,366 -
1961 $139.9 - $2,188 -
1960 $124.7 - $1,984 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/congo/switzerland | CC BY

The Congo's GDP per capita is $2,515, ranking 153/197, compared to $114,769 in Switzerland, ranking 5/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), the Congo ranks 148th at $7,026, while Switzerland ranks 8th at $96,498.

Economic indicators

Congo Switzerland
Gross domestic product
$16.3B
2025
$1.04T
2025
GDP rank
143/197
2025
20/197
2025
GDP growth
3.08%
2024-2025
1.3%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$2,515
2025
$114,769
2025
GDP per capita rank
153/197
2025
5/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$7,026
2024
$96,498
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
148/197
2024
8/197
2024
Government debt
$15.8B
2025
$411B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
96.8%
2025
39.4%
2025
Government debt per person
$2,435
2025
$45,239
2025
Government debt per person rank
114/185
2025
12/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$2,494
2026
$89,347
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$2.51T
2025
Number of millionaires n/a
944,000
2026
Number of billionaires n/a
45
2026
Income share by richest 10%
37.9%
2011
26.6%
2022
Income share by poorest 10%
1.6%
2011
2.9%
2022
Government expenditure, % of GDP
23.9%
2025
31.2%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
2.6%
2024-2025
0.15%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate n/a
0%
2025
Unemployment rate
10%
2012
4.84%
2025
Population
6718789
9155878

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Congo
Spending

Debt
Switzerland
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Congo Switzerland
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 23.9% 96.8% 31.2% 39.4%
2024 21.7% 98% 31.3% 40.5%
2023 20.7% 102.9% 30.9% 37.3%
2022 22.8% 93.5% 30.5% 35.9%
2021 20.9% 97.8% 33.4% 39.7%
2020 21.1% 102.5% 36.3% 42.4%
2019 20.2% 77.6% 31.3% 38.8%
2018 17.8% 71.2% 31.1% 39%
2017 26.6% 88.5% 31.9% 41.1%
2016 38.8% 84.5% 31.9% 40.3%
2015 41.3% 74.2% 31.9% 41.4%
2014 48.6% 42.3% 31.5% 41.2%
2013 42.4% 33.9% 32% 41.2%
2012 30.7% 30.2% 31.1% 41.9%
2011 27.9% 34.4% 31% 41.2%
2010 23% 43.5% 30.9% 40.7%
2009 24.4% 83.8% 31.2% 42.4%
2008 24.2% 69.6% 29.6% 44.2%
2007 28.6% 93.8% 29% 44%
2006 26.6% 94.7% 30.1% 47.7%
2005 22.1% 99.8% 31.9% 54.1%
2004 24.4% 122.6% 32.6% 57.1%
2003 27% 185.3% 32.8% 56.2%
2002 32.1% 163.5% 33.6% 56.9%
2001 29.1% 180.1% 31.2% 50.5%
2000 22.6% 145% 31.9% 51.7%
1999 28.8% 0% 32.8% 52%
1998 25.1% 0% 32.3% 55.3%
1997 22.2% 0% 32.5% 52.9%
1996 15.7% 0% 32.5% 50.6%
1995 27.6% 0% 32% 49.3%
1994 30.7% 0% 32% 46.4%
1993 32.8% 0% 31.9% 43.7%
1992 32.8% 0% 30.8% 38.9%
1991 34.1% 0% 29% 34.6%
1990 30.4% 0% 27.2% 32.8%
1989 20.3% 151.7% 30% 32.5%
1988 - - 30.3% 35%
1987 - - 29.8% 36.5%
1986 - - 29.8% 37.6%
1985 - - 30.1% 39.1%
1984 - - 30.4% 39.8%
1983 - - 31.2% 40.2%
1982 - - 30.5% 40%
1981 - - 29.4% 40.8%
1980 - - 29.9% 43.9%
1979 - - 30.5% 44.6%
1978 - - 30.4% 46.6%
1977 - - 31% 46.9%
1976 - - 31.6% 46.7%
1975 - - 29.3% 42.3%
1974 - - 27.5% 38.4%
1973 - - 26.5% 37%
1972 - - 25.7% 38%
1971 - - 25.4% 38.7%
1970 - - 25.8% 38.9%
1969 - - 9.45% 7.08%
1968 - - 8.87% 6.99%
1967 - - 8.68% 7.26%
1966 - - 8.95% 7.62%
1965 - - 8.33% 8.28%
1964 - - 8.85% 9.43%
1963 - - 8.2% 10.8%
1962 - - 8.1% 12%
1961 - - 7.97% 14%
1960 - - 7.11% 16.2%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/congo/switzerland | CC BY

In 2025, the Congo's government spending was $3.9B, accounting for 23.9% of its GDP, while Switzerland spent $326B, or 31.2% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 96.8% in the Congo and 39.4% in Switzerland, ranking 27/185 and 136/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Congo

Switzerland
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Congo Switzerland
2025 0.28% 0.45%
2024 3.62% 0.53%
2023 5.81% 0.12%
2022 8.94% 1.15%
2021 1.63% -0.28%
2020 -1.1% -2.96%
2019 4.3% 1.31%
2018 5.22% 1.26%
2017 -5.57% 1.11%
2016 -14.5% 0.23%
2015 -17.8% 0.54%
2014 -10.7% -0.24%
2013 -2.85% -0.42%
2012 7.24% 0.23%
2011 16.1% 0.67%
2010 15.5% 0.35%
2009 4.76% 0.49%
2008 23.9% 1.91%
2007 8.99% 1.55%
2006 16% 0.83%
2005 13.4% -0.64%
2004 3.33% -1.37%
2003 0.37% -1.34%
2002 -7.34% -1.72%
2001 -0.71% 0.2%
2000 1.05% 0.28%
1999 -4.75% -1.55%
1998 -5.16% -1.29%
1997 3.67% -2.3%
1996 9.2% -1.98%
1995 -6.38% -1.83%
1994 -10.6% -2.55%
1993 -11.3% -3.1%
1992 -12.7% -2.92%
1991 -11.2% -1.82%
1990 -4.1% -0.05%
1989 0.78% 0.2%
1988 - 0.42%
1987 - 0.78%
1986 - 0.93%
1985 - -0.25%
1984 - -0.52%
1983 - -1.23%
1982 - -1.21%
1981 - -0.54%
1980 - -1.34%
1979 - -1.79%
1978 - -1.12%
1977 - -1.64%
1976 - -1.89%
1975 - -0.93%
1974 - -1.01%
1973 - -0.93%
1972 - -1.39%
1971 - -1.41%
1970 - -1.44%
1969 - -0.98%
1968 - -0.73%
1967 - -1.07%
1966 - -0.87%
1965 - 0.05%
1964 - 0.77%
1963 - 0.25%
1962 - 0.95%
1961 - 0.34%
1960 - 1.95%
1959 - 0.72%
1958 - 0.59%
1957 - 0.66%
1956 - 2.24%
1955 - 1.1%
1954 - 1.44%
1953 - 0.38%
1952 - -1.17%
1951 - -0.36%
1950 - 1.49%
1949 - 0.04%
1948 - 1.37%
1947 - 1.27%
1946 - 0.52%
1945 - -7.57%
1944 - -9.37%
1943 - -8.55%
1942 - -7.28%
1941 - -8.78%
1940 - -10%
1939 - -5.05%
1938 - -1.53%
1937 - -0.17%
1936 - -0.33%
1935 - -0.23%
1934 - -0.33%
1933 - -0.88%
1932 - -0.3%
1931 - 0.03%
1930 - 0.07%
1929 - 0.22%
1928 - -
1927 - -
1926 - -
1925 - -
1924 - -
1923 - -
1922 - -
1921 - -
1920 - -
1919 - -
1918 - -
1917 - -
1916 - -
1915 - -
1914 - -
1913 - -0.12%
1912 - 0.03%
1911 - -0.006%
1910 - -0.14%
1909 - -0.78%
1908 - -0.1%
1907 - -0.02%
1906 - 0.15%
1905 - 0.41%
1904 - 0.002%
1903 - 0.09%
1902 - 0.02%
1901 - -0.14%
1900 - -0.07%
1899 - 0.1%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1899–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/congo/switzerland | CC BY

In 2025, the Congo's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $45.6M, equivalent to 0.28% of GDP. This compares to Switzerland's surplus of $4.71B, or 0.45% of GDP.

Over the past 37 years, the Congo recorded a fiscal deficit in 16 of those years, while Switzerland ran a deficit in 18 years. On average, the Congo posted an annual surplus equal to 0.73% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.4% of GDP for Switzerland.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Congo

Switzerland
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Congo Switzerland
2025 2.6% 0.15%
2024 3.1% 1.06%
2023 4.3% 2.14%
2022 3% 2.84%
2021 2% 0.58%
2020 1.4% -0.73%
2019 0.4% 0.36%
2018 1.2% 0.94%
2017 0.4% 0.53%
2016 3.2% -0.43%
2015 3.2% -1.14%
2014 0.9% -0.01%
2013 4.6% -0.22%
2012 5% -0.69%
2011 1.8% 0.23%
2010 0.4% 0.69%
2009 4.3% -0.48%
2008 6% 2.43%
2007 2.6% 0.73%
2006 4.7% 1.06%
2005 2.5% 1.17%
2004 3.7% 0.8%
2003 1.7% 0.64%
2002 3% 0.64%
2001 0.8% 0.99%
2000 0.5% 1.56%
1999 3% 0.81%
1998 2.2% 0.02%
1997 12.7% 0.52%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/congo/switzerland | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, the Congo has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.94%, compared with 0.59% in Switzerland. In 2025, inflation was 2.6% in the Congo and 0.15% in Switzerland.

Top exports between countries

Congo
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $191M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $66K
Machinery & equipment $49K
Chemicals & pharma $36K
Precious metals & jewellery $27K
Miscellaneous $7K
Textiles & consumer goods $3K
Switzerland
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $1.7M
Precious metals & jewellery $848K
Raw agricultural goods $774K
Textiles & consumer goods $405K
Chemicals & pharma $392K
Wood & paper products $74K
Raw materials & minerals $37K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $22K
Miscellaneous $14K
Metals $13K

Balance of trade

Congo Switzerland
Current account balance
$1.72B
2021
$72.9B
2025
Current account balance ranking
46/190
2021
11/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
+11.6%
2021
+6.98%
2025
Goods imports
$2.78B
2021
$508B
2025
Goods exports
$7.51B
2021
$617B
2025
Service imports
$1.71B
2021
$214B
2025
Service exports
$240M
2021
$195B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
43.6%
2025
69.1%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
48%
2025
78.1%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Congo Switzerland
Economic freedom 48.6 83.7
Economic freedom ranking 169/197 2/197
Property rights 28.7 94.4
Government integrity 13.9 93.3
Judicial effectiveness 15.4 98.3
Tax burden 73.7 70.9
Government spending 85.8 69.5
Fiscal health 80.8 97.2
Business freedom 35.8 86.3
Labor freedom 52.4 60
Monetary freedom 78.4 82.3
Trade freedom 52.8 87
Investment freedom 35 85
Financial freedom 30 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Congo
Switzerland
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Congo Switzerland
2026 48.6 83.7
2025 48.6 83.7
2024 47.8 83
2023 48.1 83.8
2022 48.5 84.2
2021 50.7 81.9
2020 41.8 82
2019 39.7 81.9
2018 38.9 81.7
2017 40 81.5
2016 42.8 81
2015 42.7 80.5
2014 43.7 81.6
2013 43.5 81
2012 43.8 81.1
2011 43.6 81.9
2010 43.2 81.1
2009 45.4 79.4
2008 45.3 79.5
2007 44.4 78
2006 43.8 78.9
2005 46.2 79.3
2004 45.9 79.5
2003 47.7 79
2002 45.3 79.3
2001 44.3 76
2000 40.6 76.8
1999 41.6 79.1
1998 33.8 79
1997 42.2 78.6
1996 40.3 76.8

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1996–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/congo/switzerland | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for the Congo is 48.6, ranking 169/197, compared to 83.7 for Switzerland, ranking 2/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Congo Switzerland
Services, % of GDP
54.3%
2025
71.7%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
35.6%
2025
25%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
10.1%
2025
0.64%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$14.8B
2025
$1T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$6,490
2025
$101,690
2025
Total reserves including gold
$759M
2024
$1.08T
2025
Total reserves ranking
147/177
2024
4/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
$330M
2021
$37.6B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$604M
2024
-$108B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$25.4M
2024
-$27.9B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
7.67%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
40.9%
2011
15.8%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
29.4%
2025
29.5%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/congo/switzerland | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1899–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1996–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.