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Economy of Nicaragua vs Qatar compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Nicaragua has a GDP of $19.7B compared to $218B for Qatar, ranking 131/197 and 56/197 by economy size, respectively.

Nicaragua has $7.7B in government debt (38.4% of GDP), compared to $89B (40.5% of GDP) in Qatar.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Nicaragua
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Qatar
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Nicaragua Qatar
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $227,223,322 $2,980,615,374 - -
1961 $244,144,237 $3,204,094,266 - -
1962 $269,283,804 $3,553,045,711 - -
1963 $297,324,163 $3,939,101,155 - -
1964 $347,119,918 $4,399,916,078 - -
1965 $564,290,020 $4,819,014,941 - -
1966 $607,140,010 $4,978,097,197 - -
1967 $657,140,011 $5,325,046,369 - -
1968 $692,859,985 $5,396,559,615 - -
1969 $750,000,003 $5,733,181,025 - -
1970 $778,569,939 $5,810,798,354 $301,791,302 $8,816,161,355
1971 $828,569,953 $6,002,831,090 $387,703,106 $9,698,469,706
1972 $878,570,045 $6,136,137,334 $510,262,500 $10,773,000,939
1973 $1,092,900,015 $6,529,894,124 $793,885,560 $11,934,857,801
1974 $1,521,400,012 $7,456,644,457 $2,401,403,227 $12,643,579,838
1975 $1,581,599,959 $7,445,217,381 $2,512,773,166 $13,386,912,643
1976 $1,836,899,999 $7,833,072,593 $3,284,273,987 $14,504,574,217
1977 $2,226,999,874 $8,488,581,747 $3,617,564,638 $13,444,952,239
1978 $2,127,699,979 $7,823,178,770 $4,052,000,413 $14,636,627,610
1979 $1,567,599,982 $5,751,695,781 $5,632,962,997 $15,401,791,822
1980 $2,144,300,006 $6,016,948,592 $7,829,165,262 $15,245,244,656
1981 $2,474,700,227 $6,339,655,005 $8,661,263,764 $15,382,600,057
1982 $2,454,499,872 $6,287,900,476 $7,596,703,214 $14,325,124,118
1983 $2,753,100,058 $6,577,974,632 $6,467,582,308 $14,063,666,907
1984 $3,117,599,872 $6,474,957,371 $6,704,395,824 $14,718,715,618
1985 $2,683,699,935 $6,210,659,228 $6,153,296,456 $14,406,653,786
1986 $2,885,799,994 $6,147,477,622 $5,053,021,951 $15,175,362,083
1987 $3,851,200,118 $6,104,054,733 $5,446,428,681 $15,182,189,691
1988 $2,630,900,096 $5,344,110,782 $6,038,187,033 $16,078,614,414
1989 $1,013,184,756 $5,251,218,576 $6,487,912,088 $17,079,059,748
1990 $1,009,455,484 $5,248,461,701 $7,360,439,423 $17,662,217,767
1991 $1,488,804,124 $5,238,527,334 $6,883,516,484 $17,368,630,639
1992 $1,792,800,000 $5,258,766,205 $7,646,153,984 $19,336,588,147
1993 $1,756,454,248 $5,238,102,617 $7,156,593,654 $19,080,352,035
1994 $3,863,185,119 $5,412,936,136 $7,374,450,769 $19,351,046,596
1995 $4,140,470,000 $5,732,943,937 $8,137,911,978 $19,815,323,915
1996 $4,308,351,903 $6,096,657,285 $9,059,340,385 $20,682,028,462
1997 $4,389,973,490 $6,338,490,398 $11,297,802,115 $26,889,127,081
1998 $4,635,347,386 $6,573,754,971 $10,255,495,027 $29,905,724,793
1999 $4,856,026,259 $7,036,282,429 $12,393,131,868 $31,186,905,301
2000 $5,109,587,050 $7,324,881,903 $17,759,890,110 $33,690,629,183
2001 $5,351,752,034 $7,541,760,192 $17,538,461,538 $35,003,952,797
2002 $5,223,727,303 $7,598,620,454 $19,363,736,264 $37,517,989,781
2003 $5,322,228,351 $7,790,161,380 $23,533,791,209 $38,913,643,497
2004 $5,792,932,838 $8,203,988,040 $31,734,065,934 $46,392,423,696
2005 $6,321,324,279 $8,555,315,487 $44,530,494,505 $49,868,495,958
2006 $6,763,672,381 $8,910,613,085 $60,882,142,857 $62,919,203,862
2007 $7,423,375,015 $9,362,947,173 $79,712,087,912 $74,235,635,940
2008 $8,496,967,597 $9,684,631,534 $115,270,054,945 $87,348,289,336
2009 $8,298,702,489 $9,365,749,046 $97,798,351,648 $97,792,140,945
2010 $8,758,602,233 $9,778,787,862 $125,122,306,346 $116,951,901,413
2011 $9,774,329,333 $10,396,483,140 $167,775,268,626 $132,594,424,543
2012 $10,532,017,232 $11,071,852,873 $186,833,502,363 $138,866,156,528
2013 $10,982,988,249 $11,617,373,487 $198,727,642,967 $146,581,616,624
2014 $11,880,438,824 $12,173,318,264 $206,224,598,571 $154,400,753,941
2015 $12,756,696,261 $12,756,696,261 $161,739,955,577 $161,739,955,577
2016 $13,286,093,388 $13,338,803,114 $151,732,181,868 $166,695,978,169
2017 $13,785,893,007 $13,956,550,775 $161,099,122,225 $164,199,531,362
2018 $13,025,221,974 $13,487,142,195 $183,334,953,819 $166,227,185,730
2019 $12,699,023,614 $13,096,437,236 $176,371,267,692 $167,371,229,300
2020 $12,726,422,432 $12,803,529,948 $144,411,363,352 $161,416,823,769
2021 $14,209,020,362 $14,142,060,837 $179,732,009,560 $164,042,828,071
2022 $15,634,572,502 $14,644,146,346 $235,709,325,714 $170,908,036,354
2023 $17,805,842,284 $15,292,551,635 $213,002,809,341 $172,936,988,055
2024 $19,693,982,968 $15,841,222,425 $217,982,967,033 $177,724,600,424

Economic indicators

Nicaragua Qatar
Gross domestic product
$19.7B
2024
$218B
2024
GDP rank
131/197
2024
56/197
2024
GDP growth
10.6%
2023-2024
2.34%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$2,848
2024
$76,276
2024
GDP per capita rank
141/197
2024
11/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$8,709
2024
$126,110
2024
Government debt
$7.7B
2024
$89B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
38.4%
2025
40.5%
2025
Government debt per person
$1,114
2024
$31,151
2024
Government debt per person rank
139/185
2024
23/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$2,445
2025
$36,023
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$170M
2024
Number of millionaires n/a
26,163
2024
Number of billionaires n/a
2
2025
Income share by richest 10%
37.2%
2014
25.8%
2017
Income share by poorest 10%
2%
2014
2.6%
2017
Government expenditure, % of GDP
27.2%
2025
26.5%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
2%
2024-2025
0.1%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
6.5%
2024
4.6%
2025
Unemployment rate
5.2%
2018
0.13%
2022
Population
7079664
2964497

GDP per capita in Nicaragua vs Qatar

Nicaragua's GDP per capita is $2,848, ranking 141/197, compared to $76,276 in Qatar, ranking 11/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Nicaragua ranks 135th at $8,709, while Qatar ranks 5th at $126,110.

Nicaragua
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Qatar
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Nicaragua Qatar
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $127.5 - - -
1961 $132.9 - - -
1962 $142.3 - - -
1963 $152.5 - - -
1964 $172.7 - - -
1965 $272.3 - - -
1966 $284 - - -
1967 $297.9 - - -
1968 $304 - - -
1969 $319 - - -
1970 $321 - $2,594 -
1971 $331 - $2,952 -
1972 $341 - $3,483 -
1973 $413 - $4,905 -
1974 $557 - $13,540 -
1975 $561 - $13,014 -
1976 $633 - $15,710 -
1977 $744 - $16,058 -
1978 $691 - $16,757 -
1979 $495 - $21,777 -
1980 $659 - $28,375 -
1981 $740 - $29,505 -
1982 $714 - $24,385 -
1983 $780 - $19,616 -
1984 $861 - $19,272 -
1985 $724 - $16,815 -
1986 $761 - $13,213 -
1987 $992 - $13,719 -
1988 $662 - $14,682 -
1989 $249.2 - $15,243 -
1990 $242.5 $1,979 $16,722 $55,659
1991 $350 $1,995 $15,133 $54,759
1992 $411 $2,003 $16,280 $60,387
1993 $394 $1,998 $14,770 $59,125
1994 $849 $2,064 $14,765 $59,415
1995 $892 $2,187 $15,823 $60,321
1996 $911 $2,325 $17,125 $62,331
1997 $913 $2,418 $20,523 $79,219
1998 $949 $2,497 $17,665 $84,486
1999 $980 $2,672 $20,234 $84,690
2000 $1,017 $2,806 $27,535 $88,849
2001 $1,052 $2,917 $25,871 $89,805
2002 $1,014 $2,948 $27,227 $93,176
2003 $1,021 $3,046 $31,602 $94,120
2004 $1,099 $3,255 $41,036 $110,958
2005 $1,183 $3,456 $53,950 $115,250
2006 $1,248 $3,658 $62,582 $127,181
2007 $1,350 $3,891 $65,954 $124,056
2008 $1,524 $4,044 $80,781 $126,015
2009 $1,467 $3,880 $60,786 $125,898
2010 $1,527 $4,042 $77,387 $151,646
2011 $1,680 $4,325 $103,262 $174,620
2012 $1,785 $4,508 $108,470 $180,939
2013 $1,835 $4,711 $103,697 $169,203
2014 $1,958 $5,068 $95,841 $148,389
2015 $2,074 $5,449 $68,985 $102,546
2016 $2,132 $5,882 $61,254 $89,935
2017 $2,183 $6,225 $63,280 $99,358
2018 $2,035 $5,935 $71,040 $110,033
2019 $1,959 $5,981 $66,841 $107,502
2020 $1,938 $6,274 $51,684 $82,149
2021 $2,138 $7,119 $71,752 $116,833
2022 $2,323 $7,797 $88,701 $122,920
2023 $2,609 $8,320 $80,196 $128,919
2024 $2,848 $8,709 $76,276 $126,110

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Nicaragua's government spending was $5.14B, accounting for 27.2% of its GDP, while Qatar's spent $56.2B, or 26.5% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 38.4% in Nicaragua and 40.5% in Qatar, ranking 140/185 and 133/185, respectively.

Nicaragua
Government spending

Government debt
Qatar
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Nicaragua Qatar
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1960 11.2% - - -
1961 9.93% - - -
1962 10.6% - - -
1963 10.5% - - -
1964 10.2% - - -
1965 10.9% - - -
1966 12.2% - - -
1967 12.7% - - -
1968 10.9% - - -
1969 11.1% - - -
1970 13.2% 35.4% - -
1971 15.1% 31.6% - -
1972 15.1% 30.2% - -
1973 12.8% 32.9% - -
1974 15.3% 40% - -
1975 17.5% 57.8% - -
1976 16.2% 59.5% - -
1977 19.9% 62.7% - -
1978 17.7% 76.9% - -
1979 20.7% 116.3% - -
1980 30.4% 152.1% - -
1981 39.3% 149.1% - -
1982 49.4% 159.1% - -
1983 33.8% 211.6% - -
1984 31.9% 198% - -
1985 29.9% 218% - -
1986 26.1% 159.2% - -
1987 - 266.6% - -
1988 24.8% - - -
1989 - - - -
1990 28.2% - 50% 12.6%
1991 16.8% - 57.5% 21.8%
1992 18.4% - 54.2% 19.9%
1993 18.4% - 62.8% 46.3%
1994 18.4% - 59.8% 54.8%
1995 17.7% - 52.2% 50.2%
1996 18% - 55.2% 57.8%
1997 17.9% 86.4% 47.6% 54.4%
1998 18.5% 86.5% 55.1% 76.6%
1999 22.1% 99.8% 42.4% 81.8%
2000 20.6% 95.2% 29.8% 51.6%
2001 19.2% 87.5% 32.1% 59.2%
2002 18.7% 110.4% 31.6% 47.7%
2003 20.9% 109.5% 28.5% 38.8%
2004 20.8% 84% 29.9% 30.1%
2005 21.3% 66.6% 29% 19.1%
2006 21.4% 51.2% 29.5% 13.9%
2007 21.5% 30.9% 29.5% 9.37%
2008 21.9% 26% 23.5% 11.4%
2009 22.7% 29.3% 36.4% 36%
2010 22.6% 30.3% 32% 30.4%
2011 23.5% 28.8% 28.5% 33.5%
2012 24.1% 27.9% 31% 32.1%
2013 24.2% 28.8% 28.3% 30.9%
2014 24.6% 28.7% 32.3% 24.9%
2015 25.4% 28.9% 38.6% 35.5%
2016 26.8% 30.9% 40.1% 46.7%
2017 27.3% 34.7% 34.7% 51.6%
2018 27.7% 39.1% 28.9% 52.2%
2019 27.7% 44.2% 32.5% 62.1%
2020 28.9% 49.2% 34.7% 72.6%
2021 30% 48.4% 29.4% 58.4%
2022 28.6% 45.9% 24.3% 42.6%
2023 26.1% 42.3% 27.3% 43.7%
2024 26.1% 39.1% 25.8% 40.8%
2025 27.2% 38.4% 26.5% 40.5%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Nicaragua's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $482M, equivalent to 2.45% of GDP. This compares to Qatar's surplus of $1.52B, or 0.7% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Nicaragua recorded a fiscal deficit in 20 of those years, while Qatar ran a deficit in 12 years. On average, Nicaragua posted an annual deficit equal to -1.5% of GDP, compared to surplus of +3.04% of GDP for Qatar.

Deficit/surplus
Nicaragua

Qatar
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Nicaragua Qatar
1960 -1.28% -
1961 0.04% -
1962 -0.29% -
1963 0.75% -
1964 0.2% -
1965 0.3% -
1966 -1.04% -
1967 -2.11% -
1968 -1.21% -
1969 -1.57% -
1970 -2.69% -
1971 -2.33% -
1972 -2.61% -
1973 1.21% -
1974 -1.41% -
1975 -3.53% -
1976 -2.2% -
1977 -5.91% -
1978 -4.44% -
1979 -5.89% -
1980 -6.53% -
1981 -10.6% -
1982 -20.2% -
1983 -15.6% -
1984 -11.8% -
1985 -11.3% -
1986 -7.33% -
1987 -7.33% -
1988 -22.4% -
1989 -9.25% -
1990 -15.2% 3.23%
1991 -3.45% -2.57%
1992 -3.8% -2.74%
1993 -4.66% -9.53%
1994 -5.79% -11.8%
1995 -4.62% -5.78%
1996 -5% -8.73%
1997 -3.31% -9.4%
1998 -2.88% -7%
1999 -6.86% -4.35%
2000 2.15% 4.62%
2001 0.34% 4.48%
2002 2.07% 7.89%
2003 1.3% 6.71%
2004 1.69% 17.7%
2005 1.72% 9.8%
2006 1.36% 8.39%
2007 1.88% 10.3%
2008 0.27% 9.49%
2009 -0.9% 14.1%
2010 0.69% 4.6%
2011 0.59% 5.24%
2012 0.22% 8.55%
2013 -0.3% 19.3%
2014 -0.89% 13.4%
2015 -1.64% 18.4%
2016 -1.92% -9.2%
2017 -1.75% -6.82%
2018 -4.35% 2.26%
2019 -1.12% 1%
2020 -2.57% -2.13%
2021 -1.26% 0.24%
2022 0.65% 10.4%
2023 2.33% 5.48%
2024 2.45% 0.7%
2025 0.86% 0.04%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 30 years, Nicaragua has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 7.49%, compared with 3.11% in Qatar. In 2025, inflation was 2% in Nicaragua and 0.1% in Qatar.

Inflation
Nicaragua

Qatar
Year Inflation
Nicaragua Qatar Nicaragua Qatar
1996 11.7% 7%
1997 9.2% 2.7%
1998 13% 2.9%
1999 11.2% 2.2%
2000 11.5% 1.6%
2001 7.4% 1.7%
2002 3.8% 0.2%
2003 5.3% 2.3%
2004 8.5% 6.8%
2005 9.6% 9%
2006 9.1% 11.7%
2007 11.1% 13.7%
2008 19.8% 15.1%
2009 3.7% -4.9%
2010 5.5% -2.4%
2011 8.1% 2%
2012 7.2% 1.8%
2013 7.1% 3.1%
2014 6% 4.2%
2015 4% 0.9%
2016 3.5% 2.7%
2017 3.9% 0.6%
2018 4.9% 0.1%
2019 5.4% -0.9%
2020 3.7% -2.5%
2021 4.9% 2.3%
2022 10.5% 5%
2023 8.4% 3.1%
2024 4.6% 1.2%
2025 2% 0.1%

Top exports between countries

Nicaragua
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $5K
Raw agricultural goods $1K
Qatar
Export category Export value

Balance of trade

Nicaragua Qatar
Current account balance
$818M
2024
$37.9B
2024
Current account balance ranking
54/189
2024
15/189
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+4.15%
2024
+17.4%
2024
Goods imports
$10.1B
2024
$32.6B
2024
Goods exports
$6.84B
2024
$95B
2024
Service imports
$1.31B
2024
$37.1B
2024
Service exports
$1.3B
2024
$30.2B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
58.1%
2024
31.6%
2022
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
40.5%
2024
68.6%
2022

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Nicaragua Qatar
Economic freedom 54 70.2
Economic freedom ranking 139/197 33/197
Property rights 28.2 71.1
Government integrity 13.6 52.6
Judicial effectiveness 9.1 42.3
Tax burden 77.7 99.9
Government spending 75.9 78.1
Fiscal health 95.8 96.2
Business freedom 55.8 67.9
Labor freedom 47.3 59.3
Monetary freedom 66.4 73.2
Trade freedom 68.2 81.6
Investment freedom 60 60
Financial freedom 50 60

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Nicaragua is 54, ranking 139/197, compared to 70.2 for Qatar, ranking 33/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Nicaragua
Qatar
Year Economic freedom index
Nicaragua Qatar
1995 42.5 -
1996 54.1 -
1997 53.3 -
1998 53.8 -
1999 54 62
2000 56.9 62
2001 58 60
2002 61.1 61.9
2003 62.6 65.9
2004 61.4 66.5
2005 62.5 63.5
2006 63.8 62.4
2007 62.7 62.9
2008 60.8 62.2
2009 59.8 65.8
2010 58.3 69
2011 58.8 70.5
2012 57.9 71.3
2013 56.6 71.3
2014 58.4 71.2
2015 57.6 70.8
2016 58.6 70.7
2017 59.2 73.1
2018 58.9 72.6
2019 57.7 72.6
2020 57.2 72.3
2021 56.3 72
2022 54.8 67.7
2023 54.9 68.6
2024 53.4 68.8
2025 54 70.2

More economic indicators

Nicaragua Qatar
Services, % of GDP
46.8%
2024
45.9%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
27.6%
2024
58.5%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
14.4%
2024
0.29%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$17.4B
2024
$219B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$8,270
2024
$121,930
2024
Total reserves including gold
$6.1B
2024
$54B
2024
Total reserves ranking
91/177
2024
40/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$1.28B
2024
$1.1B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.35B
2024
$460M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$73.8M
2024
$1.56B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
13.8%
2023
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
24.9%
2016
n/a
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.7%
2024
30.6%
2022

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.