Skip to content

Economy of Kazakhstan vs Vanuatu compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Kazakhstan has a GDP of $288B compared to $1.16B for Vanuatu, ranking 50/197 and 185/197 by economy size, respectively.

Kazakhstan has $71.5B in government debt (25.4% of GDP), compared to $518M (48.5% of GDP) in Vanuatu.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Kazakhstan
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Vanuatu
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Kazakhstan Vanuatu
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1979 - - $119,258,835 $335,975,592
1980 - - $121,185,498 $297,675,024
1981 - - $113,781,796 $310,707,108
1982 - - $114,501,913 $316,858,745
1983 - - $117,389,554 $326,395,019
1984 - - $144,482,515 $357,647,314
1985 - - $131,856,421 $361,229,593
1986 - - $126,498,935 $360,686,075
1987 - - $139,464,174 $350,248,055
1988 - - $158,351,368 $344,318,766
1989 - - $154,013,202 $349,593,363
1990 $26,932,016,270 $95,326,487,410 $168,879,207 $390,480,753
1991 $24,923,076,923 $84,840,573,793 $201,334,169 $402,771,675
1992 $24,917,355,372 $80,344,023,383 $209,088,825 $413,184,990
1993 $23,409,260,880 $72,952,373,230 $200,491,853 $416,223,750
1994 $21,250,792,886 $63,760,374,204 $233,701,301 $454,022,969
1995 $20,374,302,652 $58,532,023,519 $249,333,250 $458,581,110
1996 $21,035,357,937 $58,824,683,638 $261,370,044 $469,253,831
1997 $22,165,932,063 $59,824,703,259 $272,771,209 $492,279,237
1998 $22,135,245,507 $58,688,033,898 $262,293,411 $498,072,647
1999 $16,870,817,182 $60,272,610,812 $268,006,973 $499,752,612
2000 $18,291,990,662 $66,179,326,673 $272,014,628 $529,362,000
2001 $22,152,689,180 $75,113,535,772 $257,926,882 $511,376,490
2002 $24,636,598,527 $82,474,662,278 $262,596,536 $484,793,510
2003 $30,833,692,900 $90,144,805,870 $314,471,413 $505,583,080
2004 $43,151,647,003 $98,798,707,234 $364,996,869 $525,742,663
2005 $57,123,671,734 $108,382,181,835 $394,962,433 $553,635,028
2006 $81,003,864,630 $119,979,075,292 $439,358,587 $600,476,413
2007 $104,849,915,058 $130,657,212,993 $516,392,923 $617,745,468
2008 $133,441,648,852 $134,968,901,022 $590,748,429 $652,345,341
2009 $115,308,686,941 $136,588,527,833 $592,622,319 $672,159,049
2010 $148,047,348,241 $146,559,490,370 $670,712,980 $680,620,639
2011 $192,626,464,617 $157,404,892,659 $770,153,588 $701,990,785
2012 $207,998,568,866 $164,960,327,499 $747,839,698 $709,081,227
2013 $236,634,603,409 $174,857,947,144 $758,304,466 $712,367,041
2014 $221,415,613,595 $182,201,980,934 $773,717,011 $730,710,780
2015 $184,388,404,706 $184,388,404,706 $759,690,181 $759,690,181
2016 $137,278,320,084 $186,416,677,156 $804,323,577 $786,063,165
2017 $166,805,788,827 $194,059,760,924 $880,043,284 $820,749,507
2018 $179,339,977,690 $202,016,211,109 $914,727,908 $844,553,133
2019 $181,667,184,855 $211,106,940,611 $936,526,268 $871,926,685
2020 $171,082,365,861 $205,829,267,103 $909,421,044 $828,395,820
2021 $197,112,255,361 $214,679,925,583 $982,362,212 $815,536,674
2022 $225,496,328,925 $221,549,683,201 $1,030,654,208 $857,832,270
2023 $261,840,101,060 $232,848,717,044 $1,126,313,359 $849,555,971
2024 $288,406,138,231 $244,025,455,462 $1,161,251,868 $883,260,050

Economic indicators

Kazakhstan Vanuatu
Gross domestic product
$288B
2024
$1.16B
2024
GDP rank
50/197
2024
185/197
2024
GDP growth
10.1%
2023-2024
3.1%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$14,005
2024
$3,543
2024
GDP per capita rank
72/197
2024
133/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$40,813
2024
$3,602
2024
Government debt
$71.5B
2024
$518M
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
25.4%
2025
48.5%
2025
Government debt per person
$3,474
2024
$1,580
2024
Government debt per person rank
96/185
2024
126/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$7,117
2025
$2,778
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$62.8B
2024
n/a
Number of millionaires
44,307
2024
n/a
Number of billionaires
6
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
24.8%
2021
24.7%
2019
Income share by poorest 10%
4.3%
2021
3%
2019
Government expenditure, % of GDP
20.6%
2025
38.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
11.4%
2024-2025
11.2%
2022-2023
Central bank interest rate
16.5%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
4.86%
2022
4.05%
2020
Population
21036432
341110

GDP per capita in Kazakhstan vs Vanuatu

Kazakhstan's GDP per capita is $14,005, ranking 72/197, compared to $3,543 in Vanuatu, ranking 133/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Kazakhstan ranks 58th at $40,813, while Vanuatu ranks 170th at $3,602.

Kazakhstan
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Vanuatu
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Kazakhstan Vanuatu
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1979 - - $1,055 -
1980 - - $1,048 -
1981 - - $962 -
1982 - - $946 -
1983 - - $947 -
1984 - - $1,137 -
1985 - - $1,012 -
1986 - - $946 -
1987 - - $1,017 -
1988 - - $1,125 -
1989 - - $1,067 -
1990 $1,570 $7,874 $1,141 $1,670
1991 $1,442 $7,193 $1,326 $1,737
1992 $1,438 $6,945 $1,344 $1,777
1993 $1,355 $6,477 $1,257 $1,789
1994 $1,247 $5,860 $1,431 $1,946
1995 $1,218 $5,595 $1,492 $1,961
1996 $1,281 $5,836 $1,529 $1,998
1997 $1,382 $6,178 $1,562 $2,087
1998 $1,415 $6,284 $1,471 $2,091
1999 $1,092 $6,626 $1,472 $2,084
2000 $1,180 $7,418 $1,460 $2,206
2001 $1,422 $8,568 $1,350 $2,125
2002 $1,574 $9,504 $1,341 $1,995
2003 $1,958 $10,532 $1,567 $2,070
2004 $2,722 $11,777 $1,774 $2,157
2005 $3,577 $13,226 $1,874 $2,287
2006 $5,030 $14,966 $2,035 $2,496
2007 $6,449 $16,581 $2,334 $2,573
2008 $8,124 $17,278 $2,604 $2,701
2009 $6,938 $17,389 $2,546 $2,730
2010 $8,793 $18,642 $2,815 $2,733
2011 $11,287 $20,160 $3,163 $2,816
2012 $12,019 $21,367 $3,005 $2,834
2013 $13,478 $23,754 $2,980 $2,832
2014 $12,428 $23,958 $2,973 $2,890
2015 $10,196 $22,484 $2,855 $2,966
2016 $7,476 $23,023 $2,956 $3,030
2017 $8,943 $23,973 $3,160 $3,146
2018 $9,472 $25,096 $3,207 $3,233
2019 $9,457 $28,689 $3,207 $3,315
2020 $8,782 $29,040 $3,043 $3,118
2021 $9,984 $32,946 $3,212 $3,136
2022 $11,255 $35,895 $3,292 $3,453
2023 $12,879 $38,515 $3,515 $3,461
2024 $14,005 $40,813 $3,543 $3,602

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Kazakhstan's government spending was $60.7B, accounting for 20.6% of its GDP, while Vanuatu's spent $442M, or 38.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 25.4% in Kazakhstan and 48.5% in Vanuatu, ranking 169/185 and 113/185, respectively.

Kazakhstan
Government spending

Government debt
Vanuatu
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Kazakhstan Vanuatu
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1991 - - 33.2% 15.9%
1992 - - 31.8% 21%
1993 - - 26.2% 20.3%
1994 - - 24.4% 21.6%
1995 - - 28% 24.1%
1996 - - 24.5% 23.1%
1997 - - 22.2% 22.9%
1998 - - 27.9% 28%
1999 - - 23.9% 30.6%
2000 - - 25.4% 36.1%
2001 - - 22.3% 37%
2002 20.5% 17.6% 22.3% 38.8%
2003 21.4% 15% 18.8% 38.3%
2004 21.3% 11.4% 18.5% 30.4%
2005 22% 8.1% 18.3% 26.3%
2006 19.8% 6.68% 20.1% 22.2%
2007 23.7% 4.09% 22.5% 19.5%
2008 27.1% 6.77% 27.8% 21.2%
2009 23.5% 10.2% 27.6% 21.1%
2010 22.5% 10.7% 28.3% 20.2%
2011 21.2% 10.2% 25.1% 21.3%
2012 21.9% 12.1% 24.5% 19.3%
2013 19.8% 12.6% 22.9% 18.6%
2014 21.3% 14.5% 23.3% 20.2%
2015 22.9% 21.9% 42.4% 36.3%
2016 21.5% 19.7% 35.2% 42.5%
2017 24.1% 19.9% 37.1% 52.6%
2018 18.8% 20.3% 33.3% 45.3%
2019 20.2% 19.9% 39.8% 45.1%
2020 24.5% 26.4% 43.4% 48%
2021 22.1% 25.1% 44.4% 48.5%
2022 21.7% 23.5% 42% 43.1%
2023 23.4% 23% 41.6% 40.6%
2024 21% 24.8% 38% 44.6%
2025 20.6% 25.4% 38.6% 48.5%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Kazakhstan's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$4.68B, equivalent to -1.62% of GDP. This compares to Vanuatu's deficit of -$75.1M, or -6.47% of GDP.

Over the past 23 years, Kazakhstan recorded a fiscal deficit in 9 of those years, while Vanuatu ran a deficit in 15 years. On average, Kazakhstan posted an annual surplus equal to +0.83% of GDP, compared to deficit of -1.1% of GDP for Vanuatu.

Deficit/surplus
Kazakhstan

Vanuatu
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Kazakhstan Vanuatu
1991 - -2.81%
1992 - -2.32%
1993 - -3.67%
1994 - -1.49%
1995 - -2.59%
1996 - -1.78%
1997 - -0.51%
1998 - -6.65%
1999 - -0.55%
2000 - -6.28%
2001 - -3.33%
2002 1.92% -3.63%
2003 4% -1.35%
2004 3.29% 0.8%
2005 6.08% 1.86%
2006 7.65% 0.49%
2007 5.13% 0.28%
2008 1.23% -0.04%
2009 -1.33% -0.85%
2010 1.47% -2.63%
2011 5.81% -2.19%
2012 4.43% -1.7%
2013 4.95% -0.25%
2014 2.48% 1.44%
2015 -6.26% -8.66%
2016 -4.5% -0.72%
2017 -4.27% -1.2%
2018 2.58% 6.26%
2019 -0.57% 2.81%
2020 -7.04% -1.95%
2021 -4.97% 2.38%
2022 0.11% -6.5%
2023 -1.52% -3.47%
2024 -1.62% -6.47%
2025 -3.15% -5.96%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 28 years, Kazakhstan has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 10.1%, compared with 2.93% in Vanuatu. In 2023, inflation was 11.4% in Kazakhstan and 11.2% in Vanuatu.

Inflation
Kazakhstan

Vanuatu
Year Inflation
Kazakhstan Vanuatu Kazakhstan Vanuatu
1996 39.2% 0.91%
1997 17.4% 2.83%
1998 7.1% 3.28%
1999 8.3% 2%
2000 13.2% 2.54%
2001 8.4% 3.58%
2002 6% 1.96%
2003 6.4% 3.02%
2004 7% 1.42%
2005 7.4% 1.2%
2006 8.6% 2.04%
2007 10.8% 3.94%
2008 17.2% 4.84%
2009 7.3% 4.3%
2010 7.1% 2.76%
2011 8.4% 0.87%
2012 5.1% 1.35%
2013 5.8% 1.46%
2014 6.6% 0.8%
2015 6.8% 2.48%
2016 14.6% 0.84%
2017 7.5% 3.08%
2018 6% 2.33%
2019 5.3% 2.76%
2020 6.8% 5.33%
2021 8% 2.34%
2022 15% 6.68%
2023 14.5% 11.2%
2024 8.7% -
2025 11.4% -

Balance of trade

Kazakhstan Vanuatu
Current account balance
-$4.98B
2024
-$127M
2022
Current account balance ranking
166/189
2024
88/189
2022
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.73%
2024
-12.4%
2022
Goods imports
$61.2B
2024
$350M
2022
Goods exports
$78.8B
2024
$73.6M
2022
Service imports
$13B
2024
$230M
2022
Service exports
$11.8B
2024
$78.5M
2022
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
27.5%
2023
55.5%
2022
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
34.5%
2023
9.65%
2022

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Kazakhstan Vanuatu
Economic freedom 63.8 61.8
Economic freedom ranking 74/197 86/197
Property rights 54.7 61.4
Government integrity 39.9 48.1
Judicial effectiveness 34.8 71.3
Tax burden 91.7 97.6
Government spending 85.1 43.1
Fiscal health 91.8 85.4
Business freedom 69.3 55.5
Labor freedom 63.2 48.8
Monetary freedom 61.3 65.7
Trade freedom 73.2 59.4
Investment freedom 50 65
Financial freedom 50 40

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Kazakhstan is 63.8, ranking 74/197, compared to 61.8 for Vanuatu, ranking 86/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Kazakhstan
Vanuatu
Year Economic freedom index
Kazakhstan Vanuatu
1998 41.7 -
1999 47.3 -
2000 50.4 -
2001 51.8 -
2002 52.4 -
2003 52.3 -
2004 49.7 -
2005 53.9 -
2006 60.2 -
2007 59.6 -
2008 61.1 -
2009 60.1 58.4
2010 61 56.4
2011 62.1 56.7
2012 63.6 56.6
2013 63 56.6
2014 63.7 59.5
2015 63.3 61.1
2016 63.6 60.8
2017 69 67.4
2018 69.1 69.5
2019 65.4 56.4
2020 69.6 60.7
2021 71.1 60.5
2022 64.4 62.9
2023 62.1 62.1
2024 62 62.2
2025 63.8 61.8

More economic indicators

Kazakhstan Vanuatu
Services, % of GDP
58.2%
2024
60.4%
2022
Industry, % of GDP
31.4%
2024
7.55%
2022
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.94%
2024
24.9%
2022
GNI, Atlas method
$250B
2024
$1.29B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$37,870
2024
$4,120
2024
Total reserves including gold
$45.8B
2024
$615M
2024
Total reserves ranking
43/177
2024
152/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$1.21B
2024
-$9.21M
2022
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
-$682M
2024
$28.9M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
-$1.89B
2024
$2.79M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
19%
2023
1.99%
2023
Poverty at national poverty lines
5%
2024
15.9%
2020
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
29.8%
2023
39.2%
2022

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Economy comparisons

Economy vs Kazakhstan vs Vanuatu
Afghanistan Compare Compare
Albania Compare Compare
Algeria Compare Compare
Andorra Compare Compare
Angola Compare Compare
Antigua Compare Compare
Argentina Compare Compare
Armenia Compare Compare
Australia Compare Compare
Austria Compare Compare
Azerbaijan Compare Compare
Bahamas Compare Compare
Bahrain Compare Compare
Bangladesh Compare Compare
Barbados Compare Compare
Belarus Compare Compare
Belgium Compare Compare
Belize Compare Compare
Benin Compare Compare
Bhutan Compare Compare
Bolivia Compare Compare
Bosnia Compare Compare
Botswana Compare Compare
Brazil Compare Compare
Brunei Compare Compare
Bulgaria Compare Compare
Burkina Faso Compare Compare
Burundi Compare Compare
Cambodia Compare Compare
Cameroon Compare Compare
Canada Compare Compare
Cape Verde Compare Compare
Cayman Islands Compare Compare
CAR Compare Compare
Chad Compare Compare
Chile Compare Compare
China Compare Compare
Colombia Compare Compare
Comoros Compare Compare
Congo Compare Compare
Costa Rica Compare Compare
Croatia Compare Compare
Cuba Compare Compare
Curacao Compare Compare
Cyprus Compare Compare
Czech Republic Compare Compare
DR Congo Compare Compare
Denmark Compare Compare
Djibouti Compare Compare
Dominica Compare Compare
Dominican Republic Compare Compare
East Timor Compare Compare
Ecuador Compare Compare
Egypt Compare Compare
El Salvador Compare Compare
Equatorial Guinea Compare Compare
Eritrea Compare Compare
Estonia Compare Compare
Eswatini Compare Compare
Ethiopia Compare Compare
Fiji Compare Compare
Finland Compare Compare
France Compare Compare
Gabon Compare Compare
Gambia Compare Compare
Georgia Compare Compare
Germany Compare Compare
Ghana Compare Compare
Greece Compare Compare
Grenada Compare Compare
Guatemala Compare Compare
Guinea Compare Compare
Guinea-Bissau Compare Compare
Guyana Compare Compare
Haiti Compare Compare
Honduras Compare Compare
Hungary Compare Compare
Iceland Compare Compare
India Compare Compare
Indonesia Compare Compare
Iran Compare Compare
Iraq Compare Compare
Ireland Compare Compare
Israel Compare Compare
Italy Compare Compare
Ivory Coast Compare Compare
Jamaica Compare Compare
Japan Compare Compare
Jordan Compare Compare
Kenya Compare Compare
Kiribati Compare Compare
Kuwait Compare Compare
Kyrgyzstan Compare Compare
Laos Compare Compare
Latvia Compare Compare
Lebanon Compare Compare
Lesotho Compare Compare
Liberia Compare Compare
Libya Compare Compare
Liechtenstein Compare Compare
Lithuania Compare Compare
Luxembourg Compare Compare
Madagascar Compare Compare
Malawi Compare Compare
Malaysia Compare Compare
Maldives Compare Compare
Mali Compare Compare
Malta Compare Compare
Marshall Islands Compare Compare
Mauritania Compare Compare
Mauritius Compare Compare
Mexico Compare Compare
Moldova Compare Compare
Monaco Compare Compare
Mongolia Compare Compare
Montenegro Compare Compare
Morocco Compare Compare
Mozambique Compare Compare
Myanmar Compare Compare
Namibia Compare Compare
Nauru Compare Compare
Nepal Compare Compare
Netherlands Compare Compare
New Zealand Compare Compare
Nicaragua Compare Compare
Niger Compare Compare
Nigeria Compare Compare
North Korea Compare Compare
North Macedonia Compare Compare
Norway Compare Compare
Oman Compare Compare
Pakistan Compare Compare
Palau Compare Compare
Palestine Compare Compare
Panama Compare Compare
Papua New Guinea Compare Compare
Paraguay Compare Compare
Peru Compare Compare
Philippines Compare Compare
Poland Compare Compare
Portugal Compare Compare
Qatar Compare Compare
Romania Compare Compare
Russia Compare Compare
Rwanda Compare Compare
Saint Kitts Compare Compare
Saint Lucia Compare Compare
Saint Vincent Compare Compare
Samoa Compare Compare
San Marino Compare Compare
Sao Tome Compare Compare
Saudi Arabia Compare Compare
Senegal Compare Compare
Serbia Compare Compare
Seychelles Compare Compare
Sierra Leone Compare Compare
Singapore Compare Compare
Slovakia Compare Compare
Slovenia Compare Compare
Solomon Islands Compare Compare
Somalia Compare Compare
South Africa Compare Compare
South Korea Compare Compare
South Sudan Compare Compare
Spain Compare Compare
Sri Lanka Compare Compare
Sudan Compare Compare
Suriname Compare Compare
Sweden Compare Compare
Switzerland Compare Compare
Syria Compare Compare
Taiwan Compare Compare
Tajikistan Compare Compare
Tanzania Compare Compare
Thailand Compare Compare
Togo Compare Compare
Tonga Compare Compare
Trinidad Compare Compare
Tunisia Compare Compare
Turkey Compare Compare
Turkmenistan Compare Compare
Tuvalu Compare Compare
Uganda Compare Compare
Ukraine Compare Compare
UAE Compare Compare
United Kingdom Compare Compare
United States Compare Compare
Uruguay Compare Compare
Uzbekistan Compare Compare
Vatican Compare Compare
Venezuela Compare Compare
Vietnam Compare Compare
Yemen Compare Compare
Zambia Compare Compare
Zimbabwe Compare Compare

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.