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Population in Mongolia compared to Peru: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank

The latest officially reported population of Mongolia was 3,568,978 in 2025 vs 34,576,665 people in Peru in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Mongolia's population is 3,630,744 people compared to 35,105,331 in Peru.

Population statistics:

  • Peru's population is 9.67 times bigger than Mongolia's.
  • Mongolia is ranked the 132nd most populous country in the world, while Peru is the 48th.
  • The countries together account for 0.47% of the world: 0.04% for Mongolia vs 0.42% for Peru.
  • For the last 10 years, Mongolia has had an average growth rate of +1.71% per year vs +1.26% in Peru.
  • Since 2006, the population of Mongolia has increased from 2.57M people to 3.63M (41.4% growth), while Peru has grown from 28.3M to 35.1M (23.9% growth).

Mongolia vs Peru: population by year and forecast

Mongolia
Factual

Projection
Peru
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Mongolia Peru
2100 5,630,532 38,442,430
2099 5,624,298 38,609,486
2098 5,616,442 38,774,265
2097 5,607,739 38,937,509
2096 5,598,366 39,098,598
2095 5,587,141 39,257,494
2094 5,575,743 39,413,146
2093 5,563,600 39,567,920
2092 5,550,506 39,718,895
2091 5,537,031 39,867,036
2090 5,522,419 40,012,169
2089 5,507,083 40,153,701
2088 5,491,226 40,292,740
2087 5,475,425 40,428,045
2086 5,459,661 40,558,786
2085 5,442,388 40,685,268
2084 5,424,928 40,807,007
2083 5,406,747 40,923,102
2082 5,388,623 41,034,801
2081 5,369,593 41,140,743
2080 5,349,817 41,241,207
2079 5,329,240 41,334,845
2078 5,307,283 41,422,439
2077 5,286,383 41,503,511
2076 5,264,220 41,578,164
2075 5,241,700 41,645,808
2074 5,218,897 41,706,491
2073 5,195,622 41,759,277
2072 5,172,532 41,804,713
2071 5,149,066 41,842,534
2070 5,124,853 41,873,019
2069 5,101,195 41,895,381
2068 5,077,035 41,909,248
2067 5,052,818 41,914,729
2066 5,027,552 41,912,112
2065 5,002,655 41,901,353
2064 4,978,185 41,882,691
2063 4,953,806 41,855,037
2062 4,929,364 41,819,132
2061 4,904,690 41,774,412
2060 4,878,877 41,721,225
2059 4,852,963 41,659,921
2058 4,826,761 41,590,180
2057 4,799,120 41,511,131
2056 4,771,151 41,423,914
2055 4,742,184 41,327,613
2054 4,711,735 41,223,066
2053 4,679,745 41,109,699
2052 4,646,658 40,988,952
2051 4,612,090 40,860,060
2050 4,576,701 40,722,627
2049 4,539,215 40,577,434
2048 4,500,638 40,424,258
2047 4,460,511 40,261,875
2046 4,419,188 40,090,240
2045 4,376,222 39,910,095
2044 4,333,010 39,720,613
2043 4,289,776 39,523,731
2042 4,245,757 39,318,023
2041 4,201,838 39,103,923
2040 4,158,320 38,882,017
2039 4,115,023 38,652,110
2038 4,072,646 38,414,521
2037 4,030,644 38,168,782
2036 3,989,867 37,914,498
2035 3,950,239 37,652,693
2034 3,911,316 37,382,554
2033 3,873,353 37,105,048
2032 3,836,311 36,820,835
2031 3,800,027 36,529,111
2030 3,763,374 36,228,701
2029 3,726,490 35,919,668
2028 3,688,767 35,600,666
2027 3,650,012 35,271,163
2026 3,610,395 34,930,183
2025 3,568,978 34,576,665
2024 3,524,788 34,217,848
2023 3,481,145 33,845,617
2022 3,433,748 33,475,438
2021 3,383,741 33,155,882
2020 3,327,204 32,838,579
2019 3,267,673 32,449,303
2018 3,208,189 31,897,584
2017 3,148,917 31,324,637
2016 3,088,856 30,866,494
2015 3,026,864 30,457,600
2014 2,963,113 30,115,826
2013 2,899,011 29,817,919
2012 2,839,705 29,550,366
2011 2,786,317 29,304,086
2010 2,738,622 29,086,019
2009 2,691,115 28,896,811
2008 2,643,201 28,719,041
2007 2,601,850 28,530,699
2006 2,567,168 28,324,491
2005 2,536,407 28,101,180
2004 2,508,412 27,852,190
2003 2,480,374 27,580,490
2002 2,449,027 27,288,217
2001 2,417,751 26,964,601
2000 2,388,299 26,598,331
1999 2,356,813 26,186,504
1998 2,323,809 25,738,095
1997 2,291,750 25,274,147
1996 2,259,507 24,811,171
1995 2,224,945 24,348,919
1994 2,189,395 23,881,493
1993 2,165,130 23,413,783
1992 2,167,790 22,946,340
1991 2,165,342 22,483,775
1990 2,098,710 22,014,771
1989 2,124,185 21,532,589
1988 2,076,322 21,054,702
1987 2,022,800 20,582,320
1986 1,970,965 20,117,122
1985 1,921,514 19,648,204
1984 1,874,349 19,174,716
1983 1,829,092 18,705,957
1982 1,785,364 18,246,503
1981 1,742,857 17,798,805
1980 1,701,335 17,360,949
1979 1,660,659 16,933,139
1978 1,619,468 16,516,059
1977 1,576,245 16,109,806
1976 1,531,945 15,716,809
1975 1,488,296 15,333,957
1974 1,446,050 14,956,552
1973 1,405,502 14,582,867
1972 1,366,821 14,210,147
1971 1,330,071 13,838,067
1970 1,295,272 13,501,237
1969 1,262,284 13,166,767
1968 1,229,930 12,803,993
1967 1,196,996 12,448,814
1966 1,163,754 12,101,297
1965 1,131,177 11,761,085
1964 1,100,234 11,427,978
1963 1,071,362 11,102,099
1962 1,041,444 10,784,612
1961 1,009,284 10,475,123
1960 977,595 10,174,127

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/peru | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Mongolia increased by 521,688 people (a 20.3% growth), while Peru gained 2,542,003 people (a 8.97% growth).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Mongolia gained 541,888 people (a 17.5% growth), while Peru's population increased by 4,238,837 people (a 13.7% growth).

Mongolia was ranked 137th most populous country in 2006 and is 132nd in 2026. Peru was ranked 40th in 2006 and ranked 48th now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Mongolia's population will grow by 26.1% to 4,576,701 people with a rank change from 132nd to 130th. The population of Peru will increase by 16% to 40,722,627 people and rank change from 48th to 51st.

Mongolia is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 5.63M people compared to the peak of 41.9M people in 2067 for Peru.

Population growth rate by year

Mongolia
Factual

Projection
Peru
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Mongolia Peru
2100 0.11% -0.43%
2099 0.14% -0.42%
2098 0.16% -0.42%
2097 0.17% -0.41%
2096 0.2% -0.4%
2095 0.2% -0.39%
2094 0.22% -0.39%
2093 0.24% -0.38%
2092 0.24% -0.37%
2091 0.26% -0.36%
2090 0.28% -0.35%
2089 0.29% -0.35%
2088 0.29% -0.33%
2087 0.29% -0.32%
2086 0.32% -0.31%
2085 0.32% -0.3%
2084 0.34% -0.28%
2083 0.34% -0.27%
2082 0.35% -0.26%
2081 0.37% -0.24%
2080 0.39% -0.23%
2079 0.41% -0.21%
2078 0.4% -0.2%
2077 0.42% -0.18%
2076 0.43% -0.16%
2075 0.44% -0.15%
2074 0.45% -0.13%
2073 0.45% -0.11%
2072 0.46% -0.09%
2071 0.47% -0.07%
2070 0.46% -0.05%
2069 0.48% -0.03%
2068 0.48% -0.01%
2067 0.5% 0.006%
2066 0.5% 0.03%
2065 0.49% 0.04%
2064 0.49% 0.07%
2063 0.5% 0.09%
2062 0.5% 0.11%
2061 0.53% 0.13%
2060 0.53% 0.15%
2059 0.54% 0.17%
2058 0.58% 0.19%
2057 0.59% 0.21%
2056 0.61% 0.23%
2055 0.65% 0.25%
2054 0.68% 0.28%
2053 0.71% 0.29%
2052 0.75% 0.32%
2051 0.77% 0.34%
2050 0.83% 0.36%
2049 0.86% 0.38%
2048 0.9% 0.4%
2047 0.94% 0.43%
2046 0.98% 0.45%
2045 1% 0.48%
2044 1.01% 0.5%
2043 1.04% 0.52%
2042 1.05% 0.55%
2041 1.05% 0.57%
2040 1.05% 0.59%
2039 1.04% 0.62%
2038 1.04% 0.64%
2037 1.02% 0.67%
2036 1% 0.7%
2035 1% 0.72%
2034 0.98% 0.75%
2033 0.97% 0.77%
2032 0.95% 0.8%
2031 0.97% 0.83%
2030 0.99% 0.86%
2029 1.02% 0.9%
2028 1.06% 0.93%
2027 1.1% 0.98%
2026 1.16% 1.02%
2025 1.25% 1.05%
2024 1.25% 1.1%
2023 1.38% 1.11%
2022 1.48% 0.96%
2021 1.7% 0.97%
2020 1.82% 1.2%
2019 1.85% 1.73%
2018 1.88% 1.83%
2017 1.94% 1.48%
2016 2.05% 1.34%
2015 2.15% 1.13%
2014 2.21% 1%
2013 2.09% 0.91%
2012 1.92% 0.84%
2011 1.74% 0.75%
2010 1.77% 0.65%
2009 1.81% 0.62%
2008 1.59% 0.66%
2007 1.35% 0.73%
2006 1.21% 0.79%
2005 1.12% 0.89%
2004 1.13% 0.99%
2003 1.28% 1.07%
2002 1.29% 1.2%
2001 1.23% 1.38%
2000 1.34% 1.57%
1999 1.42% 1.74%
1998 1.4% 1.84%
1997 1.43% 1.87%
1996 1.55% 1.9%
1995 1.62% 1.96%
1994 1.12% 2%
1993 -0.12% 2.04%
1992 0.11% 2.06%
1991 3.17% 2.13%
1990 -1.2% 2.24%
1989 2.31% 2.27%
1988 2.65% 2.3%
1987 2.63% 2.31%
1986 2.57% 2.39%
1985 2.52% 2.47%
1984 2.47% 2.51%
1983 2.45% 2.52%
1982 2.44% 2.52%
1981 2.44% 2.52%
1980 2.45% 2.53%
1979 2.54% 2.53%
1978 2.74% 2.52%
1977 2.89% 2.5%
1976 2.93% 2.5%
1975 2.92% 2.52%
1974 2.88% 2.56%
1973 2.83% 2.62%
1972 2.76% 2.69%
1971 2.69% 2.49%
1970 2.61% 2.54%
1969 2.63% 2.83%
1968 2.75% 2.85%
1967 2.86% 2.87%
1966 2.88% 2.89%
1965 2.81% 2.91%
1964 2.69% 2.94%
1963 2.87% 2.94%
1962 3.19% 2.95%
1961 3.24% 2.96%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/peru | CC BY

In 2025, the population of Mongolia grew by 1.25%, while Peru's population grew by 1.05%.

Live population counters

Mongolia Peru
Current population
3630744
35105331
Population rank 132/197 48/197
Percent of world population 0.04% 0.42%
One net population change
11.9 minutes
1.47 minutes
One birth every
8.82 minutes
58.5 seconds
One death every
27.1 minutes
2.75 minutes
Daily growth/decline +121 +983
Annual growth/decline +44,190 +358,817
Annual growth/decline rate +1.25% +1.05%
Population growth rate rank 81/197 97/197
One migration net change every
4.63 days
44.2 minutes
Annual migration change +79 +11,931
Net migration rank 74/196 41/196
Foreign-born residents 22,589 1,837,219
Foreign-born residents rank 169/195 39/195
Foreign-born share of population 0.6% 5.4%
Foreign-born share rank 171/195 90/195

Natural population change vs migration

Mongolia
Natural

Migration
Peru
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Mongolia Peru
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - 79 - 11,931
2024 40,182 83 347,517 18,406
2023 46,995 0 353,788 24,783
2022 47,730 0 327,859 33,982
2021 52,109 0 235,440 41,868
2020 60,888 0 301,950 55,375
2019 61,433 8,660 346,981 74,270
2018 60,635 7,811 343,123 339,067
2017 57,940 6,831 349,333 114,382
2016 62,086 5,633 355,859 96,740
2015 64,473 4,307 362,781 2,421
2014 66,078 2,921 368,708 -50,383
2013 62,618 1,505 372,694 -95,214
2012 55,942 351 376,501 -118,863
2011 50,711 -505 383,268 -148,339
2010 44,914 -6,444 382,510 -181,302
2009 48,876 -15,007 396,522 -219,314
2008 45,843 -17,277 413,640 -235,307
2007 39,636 -15,220 435,122 -236,745
2006 33,609 -11,934 445,884 -231,851
2005 29,290 -8,924 454,199 -221,652
2004 28,418 -8,148 459,617 -194,171
2003 28,827 -7,986 459,243 -181,276
2002 30,439 -8,934 463,709 -157,158
2001 32,052 -10,244 470,154 -129,481
2000 32,753 -11,241 484,222 -92,353
1999 32,283 -13,481 487,095 -55,325
1998 31,757 -10,315 489,436 -24,388
1997 32,403 -9,132 495,348 -32,515
1996 33,741 -8,626 501,855 -38,749
1995 34,473 -7,346 507,894 -46,499
1994 34,711 -5,449 512,735 -39,299
1993 36,924 -5,429 513,769 -51,775
1992 42,437 -8,404 514,618 -41,702
1991 47,884 -11,427 513,867 -61,645
1990 49,443 -11,881 515,233 -29,437
1989 51,420 -9,757 512,152 -33,569
1988 51,588 2,459 508,429 -31,238
1987 51,140 1,855 502,229 -34,651
1986 50,329 354 496,712 -33,891
1985 49,944 -1,719 488,887 -13,887
1984 48,562 -2,452 477,968 -6,007
1983 46,919 -2,522 469,781 -4,243
1982 45,179 -2,132 461,107 -7,748
1981 43,588 -1,615 453,158 -11,123
1980 42,343 -1,268 445,100 -11,446
1979 41,568 -1,296 439,110 -17,148
1978 40,276 1,833 432,127 -19,939
1977 38,995 5,354 425,428 -25,117
1976 37,670 6,577 420,284 -34,602
1975 36,490 6,556 414,400 -34,382
1974 35,297 6,153 408,299 -33,493
1973 33,993 5,647 400,752 -28,191
1972 32,727 4,999 396,960 -24,100
1971 31,536 4,238 391,506 -20,209
1970 30,558 3,263 318,022 -15,653
1969 29,781 2,366 379,347 -12,776
1968 29,017 3,535 372,379 -13,389
1967 28,178 5,139 365,224 -13,837
1966 27,338 5,837 356,819 -13,166
1965 26,364 5,610 349,245 -12,470
1964 25,317 4,599 341,570 -12,129
1963 24,142 3,687 332,352 -10,040
1962 22,960 9,049 321,716 -9,051
1961 21,873 10,440 313,385 -7,063
1960 20,726 10,334 302,924 -7,236

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/peru | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 94.3% of the population change in Mongolia is from natural causes (a gain of 554,471 people) and 5.67% is from migration (a gain of 33,325 people). In Peru 80.6% is from natural causes (a gain of 3,324,631 people) and 19.4% is from migration (a gain of 801,294 people).

As of 2024, 22,589 residents or 0.6% of the population were not native-born in Mongolia, compared to 1,837,219 people or 5.4% in Peru.

Biggest cities by population

Mongolia
City Population
Ulaanbaatar 1.4M
Bulgan 12.3K
Peru
City Population
Lima 9.94M
Arequipa 1.01M
Trujillo 920K
Chiclayo 553K
Callao 537K
Piura 473K
Cusco 428K
Chimbote 395K
Huancayo 378K
Iquitos 378K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/peru | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

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