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Population in Mongolia compared to Turkmenistan: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank

The latest officially reported population of Mongolia was 3,568,978 in 2025 vs 7,618,847 people in Turkmenistan in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Mongolia's population is 3,630,744 people compared to 7,800,189 in Turkmenistan.

Population statistics:

  • Turkmenistan's population is 2.15 times bigger than Mongolia's.
  • Mongolia is ranked the 132nd most populous country in the world, while Turkmenistan is the 104th.
  • The countries together account for 0.14% of the world: 0.04% for Mongolia vs 0.09% for Turkmenistan.
  • For the last 10 years, Mongolia has had an average growth rate of +1.71% per year vs +2.08% in Turkmenistan.
  • Since 2006, the population of Mongolia has increased from 2.57M people to 3.63M (41.4% growth), while Turkmenistan has grown from 5.15M to 7.8M (51.5% growth).

Mongolia vs Turkmenistan: population by year and forecast

Mongolia
Factual

Projection
Turkmenistan
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Mongolia Turkmenistan
2100 5,630,532 10,041,228
2099 5,624,298 10,070,007
2098 5,616,442 10,097,571
2097 5,607,739 10,123,813
2096 5,598,366 10,148,560
2095 5,587,141 10,172,371
2094 5,575,743 10,194,567
2093 5,563,600 10,215,533
2092 5,550,506 10,235,132
2091 5,537,031 10,253,189
2090 5,522,419 10,270,414
2089 5,507,083 10,285,963
2088 5,491,226 10,300,439
2087 5,475,425 10,313,629
2086 5,459,661 10,325,212
2085 5,442,388 10,335,299
2084 5,424,928 10,343,821
2083 5,406,747 10,350,710
2082 5,388,623 10,356,526
2081 5,369,593 10,360,689
2080 5,349,817 10,363,394
2079 5,329,240 10,364,229
2078 5,307,283 10,363,113
2077 5,286,383 10,360,467
2076 5,264,220 10,356,079
2075 5,241,700 10,349,863
2074 5,218,897 10,342,496
2073 5,195,622 10,333,532
2072 5,172,532 10,322,776
2071 5,149,066 10,310,748
2070 5,124,853 10,297,702
2069 5,101,195 10,283,723
2068 5,077,035 10,268,779
2067 5,052,818 10,252,681
2066 5,027,552 10,235,535
2065 5,002,655 10,217,603
2064 4,978,185 10,198,228
2063 4,953,806 10,177,447
2062 4,929,364 10,155,121
2061 4,904,690 10,131,160
2060 4,878,877 10,105,616
2059 4,852,963 10,077,893
2058 4,826,761 10,047,185
2057 4,799,120 10,013,846
2056 4,771,151 9,977,699
2055 4,742,184 9,938,273
2054 4,711,735 9,895,840
2053 4,679,745 9,849,324
2052 4,646,658 9,799,331
2051 4,612,090 9,745,673
2050 4,576,701 9,688,197
2049 4,539,215 9,627,119
2048 4,500,638 9,562,502
2047 4,460,511 9,494,734
2046 4,419,188 9,423,990
2045 4,376,222 9,350,870
2044 4,333,010 9,275,707
2043 4,289,776 9,199,229
2042 4,245,757 9,121,705
2041 4,201,838 9,043,208
2040 4,158,320 8,964,374
2039 4,115,023 8,885,167
2038 4,072,646 8,805,836
2037 4,030,644 8,726,399
2036 3,989,867 8,646,796
2035 3,950,239 8,567,354
2034 3,911,316 8,487,651
2033 3,873,353 8,407,327
2032 3,836,311 8,326,172
2031 3,800,027 8,243,436
2030 3,763,374 8,158,380
2029 3,726,490 8,065,431
2028 3,688,767 7,964,546
2027 3,650,012 7,856,302
2026 3,610,395 7,740,924
2025 3,568,978 7,618,847
2024 3,524,788 7,494,498
2023 3,481,145 7,364,438
2022 3,433,748 7,230,193
2021 3,383,741 7,092,043
2020 3,327,204 6,949,912
2019 3,267,673 6,803,944
2018 3,208,189 6,655,524
2017 3,148,917 6,507,061
2016 3,088,856 6,360,041
2015 3,026,864 6,215,770
2014 2,963,113 6,075,283
2013 2,899,011 5,939,341
2012 2,839,705 5,808,546
2011 2,786,317 5,683,417
2010 2,738,622 5,564,356
2009 2,691,115 5,451,592
2008 2,643,201 5,345,029
2007 2,601,850 5,244,046
2006 2,567,168 5,147,105
2005 2,536,407 5,052,257
2004 2,508,412 4,958,093
2003 2,480,374 4,863,865
2002 2,449,027 4,769,465
2001 2,417,751 4,675,409
2000 2,388,299 4,582,677
1999 2,356,813 4,492,170
1998 2,323,809 4,410,507
1997 2,291,750 4,336,730
1996 2,259,507 4,263,819
1995 2,224,945 4,191,203
1994 2,189,395 4,116,662
1993 2,165,130 4,032,407
1992 2,167,790 3,944,689
1991 2,165,342 3,855,894
1990 2,098,710 3,760,562
1989 2,124,185 3,662,459
1988 2,076,322 3,559,363
1987 2,022,800 3,452,731
1986 1,970,965 3,347,809
1985 1,921,514 3,247,534
1984 1,874,349 3,154,079
1983 1,829,092 3,067,534
1982 1,785,364 2,985,557
1981 1,742,857 2,907,187
1980 1,701,335 2,832,203
1979 1,660,659 2,760,358
1978 1,619,468 2,691,088
1977 1,576,245 2,623,948
1976 1,531,945 2,558,521
1975 1,488,296 2,494,570
1974 1,446,050 2,432,028
1973 1,405,502 2,370,919
1972 1,366,821 2,311,430
1971 1,330,071 2,253,119
1970 1,295,272 2,195,616
1969 1,262,284 2,139,024
1968 1,229,930 2,083,069
1967 1,196,996 2,027,403
1966 1,163,754 1,971,737
1965 1,131,177 1,915,916
1964 1,100,234 1,859,997
1963 1,071,362 1,804,272
1962 1,041,444 1,749,214
1961 1,009,284 1,695,400
1960 977,595 1,643,457

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/turkmenistan | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Mongolia increased by 521,688 people (a 20.3% growth), while Turkmenistan gained 1,212,936 people (a 23.6% growth).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Mongolia gained 541,888 people (a 17.5% growth), while Turkmenistan's population increased by 1,440,148 people (a 22.6% growth).

Mongolia was ranked 137th most populous country in 2006 and is 132nd in 2026. Turkmenistan was ranked 113th in 2006 and ranked 104th now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Mongolia's population will grow by 26.1% to 4,576,701 people with a rank change from 132nd to 130th. The population of Turkmenistan will increase by 24.2% to 9,688,197 people and rank change from 104th to 101st.

Mongolia is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 5.63M people compared to the peak of 10.4M people in 2079 for Turkmenistan.

Population growth rate by year

Mongolia
Factual

Projection
Turkmenistan
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Mongolia Turkmenistan
2100 0.11% -0.29%
2099 0.14% -0.27%
2098 0.16% -0.26%
2097 0.17% -0.24%
2096 0.2% -0.23%
2095 0.2% -0.22%
2094 0.22% -0.21%
2093 0.24% -0.19%
2092 0.24% -0.18%
2091 0.26% -0.17%
2090 0.28% -0.15%
2089 0.29% -0.14%
2088 0.29% -0.13%
2087 0.29% -0.11%
2086 0.32% -0.1%
2085 0.32% -0.08%
2084 0.34% -0.07%
2083 0.34% -0.06%
2082 0.35% -0.04%
2081 0.37% -0.03%
2080 0.39% -0.008%
2079 0.41% 0.01%
2078 0.4% 0.03%
2077 0.42% 0.04%
2076 0.43% 0.06%
2075 0.44% 0.07%
2074 0.45% 0.09%
2073 0.45% 0.1%
2072 0.46% 0.12%
2071 0.47% 0.13%
2070 0.46% 0.14%
2069 0.48% 0.15%
2068 0.48% 0.16%
2067 0.5% 0.17%
2066 0.5% 0.18%
2065 0.49% 0.19%
2064 0.49% 0.2%
2063 0.5% 0.22%
2062 0.5% 0.24%
2061 0.53% 0.25%
2060 0.53% 0.28%
2059 0.54% 0.31%
2058 0.58% 0.33%
2057 0.59% 0.36%
2056 0.61% 0.4%
2055 0.65% 0.43%
2054 0.68% 0.47%
2053 0.71% 0.51%
2052 0.75% 0.55%
2051 0.77% 0.59%
2050 0.83% 0.63%
2049 0.86% 0.68%
2048 0.9% 0.71%
2047 0.94% 0.75%
2046 0.98% 0.78%
2045 1% 0.81%
2044 1.01% 0.83%
2043 1.04% 0.85%
2042 1.05% 0.87%
2041 1.05% 0.88%
2040 1.05% 0.89%
2039 1.04% 0.9%
2038 1.04% 0.91%
2037 1.02% 0.92%
2036 1% 0.93%
2035 1% 0.94%
2034 0.98% 0.96%
2033 0.97% 0.97%
2032 0.95% 1%
2031 0.97% 1.04%
2030 0.99% 1.15%
2029 1.02% 1.27%
2028 1.06% 1.38%
2027 1.1% 1.49%
2026 1.16% 1.6%
2025 1.25% 1.66%
2024 1.25% 1.77%
2023 1.38% 1.86%
2022 1.48% 1.95%
2021 1.7% 2.05%
2020 1.82% 2.15%
2019 1.85% 2.23%
2018 1.88% 2.28%
2017 1.94% 2.31%
2016 2.05% 2.32%
2015 2.15% 2.31%
2014 2.21% 2.29%
2013 2.09% 2.25%
2012 1.92% 2.2%
2011 1.74% 2.14%
2010 1.77% 2.07%
2009 1.81% 1.99%
2008 1.59% 1.93%
2007 1.35% 1.88%
2006 1.21% 1.88%
2005 1.12% 1.9%
2004 1.13% 1.94%
2003 1.28% 1.98%
2002 1.29% 2.01%
2001 1.23% 2.02%
2000 1.34% 2.01%
1999 1.42% 1.85%
1998 1.4% 1.7%
1997 1.43% 1.71%
1996 1.55% 1.73%
1995 1.62% 1.81%
1994 1.12% 2.09%
1993 -0.12% 2.22%
1992 0.11% 2.3%
1991 3.17% 2.54%
1990 -1.2% 2.68%
1989 2.31% 2.9%
1988 2.65% 3.09%
1987 2.63% 3.13%
1986 2.57% 3.09%
1985 2.52% 2.96%
1984 2.47% 2.82%
1983 2.45% 2.75%
1982 2.44% 2.7%
1981 2.44% 2.65%
1980 2.45% 2.6%
1979 2.54% 2.57%
1978 2.74% 2.56%
1977 2.89% 2.56%
1976 2.93% 2.56%
1975 2.92% 2.57%
1974 2.88% 2.58%
1973 2.83% 2.57%
1972 2.76% 2.59%
1971 2.69% 2.62%
1970 2.61% 2.65%
1969 2.63% 2.69%
1968 2.75% 2.75%
1967 2.86% 2.82%
1966 2.88% 2.91%
1965 2.81% 3.01%
1964 2.69% 3.09%
1963 2.87% 3.15%
1962 3.19% 3.17%
1961 3.24% 3.16%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/turkmenistan | CC BY

In 2025, the population of Mongolia grew by 1.25%, while Turkmenistan's population grew by 1.66%.

Live population counters

Mongolia Turkmenistan
Current population
3630744
7800189
Population rank 132/197 104/197
Percent of world population 0.04% 0.09%
One net population change
11.9 minutes
4.24 minutes
One birth every
8.82 minutes
3.35 minutes
One death every
27.1 minutes
12 minutes
Daily growth/decline +121 +341
Annual growth/decline +44,190 +124,349
Annual growth/decline rate +1.25% +1.66%
Population growth rate rank 81/197 63/197
One migration net change every
4.63 days
39.7 minutes
Annual migration change +79 +13,268
Net migration rank 74/196 39/196
Foreign-born residents 22,589 193,763
Foreign-born residents rank 169/195 115/195
Foreign-born share of population 0.6% 2.6%
Foreign-born share rank 171/195 125/195

Natural population change vs migration

Mongolia
Natural

Migration
Turkmenistan
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Mongolia Turkmenistan
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - 79 - 13,268
2024 40,182 83 112,942 14,646
2023 46,995 0 117,529 15,005
2022 47,730 0 121,814 14,141
2021 52,109 0 122,721 17,617
2020 60,888 0 124,014 19,913
2019 61,433 8,660 128,275 19,735
2018 60,635 7,811 129,537 19,293
2017 57,940 6,831 131,417 16,678
2016 62,086 5,633 132,581 13,365
2015 64,473 4,307 132,663 9,936
2014 66,078 2,921 129,677 8,696
2013 62,618 1,505 126,217 7,287
2012 55,942 351 120,957 7,125
2011 50,711 -505 115,197 6,992
2010 44,914 -6,444 109,318 6,621
2009 48,876 -15,007 102,931 6,656
2008 45,843 -17,277 96,815 6,734
2007 39,636 -15,220 92,038 6,388
2006 33,609 -11,934 87,840 7,613
2005 29,290 -8,924 83,968 10,263
2004 28,418 -8,148 79,850 14,242
2003 28,827 -7,986 76,737 17,625
2002 30,439 -8,934 75,639 18,803
2001 32,052 -10,244 76,682 16,982
2000 32,753 -11,241 76,875 14,925
1999 32,283 -13,481 76,362 12,859
1998 31,757 -10,315 77,342 -3,239
1997 32,403 -9,132 79,045 -5,600
1996 33,741 -8,626 80,996 -8,627
1995 34,473 -7,346 86,289 -13,423
1994 34,711 -5,449 89,319 -13,094
1993 36,924 -5,429 92,596 -312
1992 42,437 -8,404 96,668 -13,517
1991 47,884 -11,427 99,297 -4,864
1990 49,443 -11,881 101,099 -4,864
1989 51,420 -9,757 103,553 -3,576
1988 51,588 2,459 104,802 1,408
1987 51,140 1,855 103,885 3,161
1986 50,329 354 100,930 1,878
1985 49,944 -1,719 95,890 1,861
1984 48,562 -2,452 90,591 -1,427
1983 46,919 -2,522 85,183 -1,264
1982 45,179 -2,132 80,989 -961
1981 43,588 -1,615 77,829 -1,102
1980 42,343 -1,268 74,394 -1,152
1979 41,568 -1,296 71,135 -677
1978 40,276 1,833 68,437 -350
1977 38,995 5,354 66,318 -132
1976 37,670 6,577 64,513 160
1975 36,490 6,556 62,681 550
1974 35,297 6,153 60,925 924
1973 33,993 5,647 59,169 1,194
1972 32,727 4,999 57,326 1,293
1971 31,536 4,238 56,666 1,348
1970 30,558 3,263 55,617 1,376
1969 29,781 2,366 54,791 1,397
1968 29,017 3,535 54,324 1,401
1967 28,178 5,139 54,209 1,397
1966 27,338 5,837 54,353 1,377
1965 26,364 5,610 54,558 1,366
1964 25,317 4,599 54,574 1,340
1963 24,142 3,687 54,203 1,332
1962 22,960 9,049 53,248 1,337
1961 21,873 10,440 51,659 1,372
1960 20,726 10,334 49,436 1,421

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/turkmenistan | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 94.3% of the population change in Mongolia is from natural causes (a gain of 554,471 people) and 5.67% is from migration (a gain of 33,325 people). In Turkmenistan 88.7% is from natural causes (a gain of 1,253,493 people) and 11.3% is from migration (a gain of 160,329 people).

As of 2024, 22,589 residents or 0.6% of the population were not native-born in Mongolia, compared to 193,763 people or 2.6% in Turkmenistan.

Biggest cities by population

Mongolia
City Population
Ulaanbaatar 1.4M
Bulgan 12.3K
Turkmenistan
City Population
Ashgabat 1.03M
Turkmenabat 231K
Dasoguz 227K
Mary 126K
Anau 29.6K
Baherden 24.7K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/turkmenistan | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

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