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Population in Peru compared to Spain: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank team

The latest officially reported population of Peru was 34,217,848 in 2024 vs 48,848,840 people in Spain in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Peru's population is 35,031,596 people compared to 48,806,901 in Spain.

Population statistics:

  • Spain's population is 1.39 times bigger than Peru's.
  • Peru is ranked the 48th most populous country in the world, while Spain is the 32nd.
  • The countries together account for 1.01% of the world: 0.42% for Peru vs 0.59% for Spain.
  • For the last 10 years, Peru has had an average growth rate of +1.26% per year vs +0.43% in Spain.
  • Since 2006, the population of Peru has increased from 28.3M people to 35M (23.7% growth), while Spain has grown from 44.4M to 48.8M (9.93% growth).

Peru vs Spain: population by year and forecast

Peru
Factual

Projection
Spain
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Peru Spain
2100 38,452,509 33,862,981
2099 38,619,608 34,039,965
2098 38,784,430 34,215,187
2097 38,947,717 34,387,116
2096 39,108,849 34,552,002
2095 39,267,786 34,719,411
2094 39,423,479 34,882,039
2093 39,578,294 35,044,043
2092 39,729,309 35,204,657
2091 39,877,488 35,366,895
2090 40,022,659 35,535,838
2089 40,164,228 35,707,942
2088 40,303,304 35,877,681
2087 40,438,644 36,043,209
2086 40,569,419 36,210,710
2085 40,695,935 36,386,207
2084 40,817,705 36,564,622
2083 40,933,831 36,749,680
2082 41,045,559 36,936,644
2081 41,151,529 37,133,976
2080 41,252,019 37,337,517
2079 41,345,682 37,551,557
2078 41,433,298 37,771,135
2077 41,514,392 38,002,963
2076 41,589,064 38,249,247
2075 41,656,726 38,506,040
2074 41,717,426 38,777,715
2073 41,770,225 39,056,249
2072 41,815,673 39,348,447
2071 41,853,504 39,642,346
2070 41,883,997 39,949,413
2069 41,906,365 40,256,590
2068 41,920,235 40,575,543
2067 41,925,717 40,893,798
2066 41,923,100 41,218,263
2065 41,912,338 41,543,254
2064 41,893,671 41,878,338
2063 41,866,010 42,208,320
2062 41,830,096 42,542,893
2061 41,785,364 42,874,096
2060 41,732,163 43,191,452
2059 41,670,843 43,506,737
2058 41,601,084 43,809,907
2057 41,522,014 44,112,668
2056 41,434,774 44,415,689
2055 41,338,448 44,691,749
2054 41,233,873 44,958,971
2053 41,120,477 45,223,225
2052 40,999,698 45,470,541
2051 40,870,773 45,695,307
2050 40,733,304 45,911,520
2049 40,588,072 46,127,777
2048 40,434,856 46,322,244
2047 40,272,431 46,510,152
2046 40,100,751 46,687,914
2045 39,920,558 46,858,778
2044 39,731,027 47,016,278
2043 39,534,093 47,158,325
2042 39,328,332 47,301,091
2041 39,114,174 47,434,593
2040 38,892,211 47,563,236
2039 38,662,243 47,685,343
2038 38,424,592 47,798,797
2037 38,178,789 47,910,899
2036 37,924,438 48,020,350
2035 37,662,565 48,124,430
2034 37,392,354 48,220,051
2033 37,114,776 48,311,842
2032 36,830,488 48,402,470
2031 36,538,688 48,495,278
2030 36,238,199 48,579,920
2029 35,929,085 48,648,699
2028 35,609,999 48,707,969
2027 35,280,410 48,758,200
2026 34,939,340 48,806,901
2025 34,585,730 48,838,057
2024 34,217,848 48,848,840
2023 33,845,617 48,352,528
2022 33,475,438 47,786,102
2021 33,155,882 47,443,821
2020 32,838,579 47,359,424
2019 32,449,303 47,118,501
2018 31,897,584 46,782,011
2017 31,324,637 46,571,232
2016 30,866,494 46,458,139
2015 30,457,600 46,422,303
2014 30,115,826 46,460,733
2013 29,817,919 46,604,197
2012 29,550,366 46,773,055
2011 29,304,086 46,742,697
2010 29,086,019 46,576,897
2009 28,896,811 46,362,946
2008 28,719,041 45,954,106
2007 28,530,699 45,226,803
2006 28,324,491 44,397,319
2005 28,101,180 43,653,155
2004 27,852,190 42,921,895
2003 27,580,490 42,187,645
2002 27,288,217 41,431,558
2001 26,964,601 40,850,412
2000 26,598,331 40,567,864
1999 26,186,504 40,386,875
1998 25,738,095 40,223,509
1997 25,274,147 40,057,389
1996 24,811,171 39,889,852
1995 24,348,919 39,724,050
1994 23,881,493 39,549,108
1993 23,413,783 39,361,262
1992 22,946,340 39,157,685
1991 22,483,775 38,966,376
1990 22,014,771 38,867,322
1989 21,532,589 38,827,764
1988 21,054,702 38,766,939
1987 20,582,320 38,684,815
1986 20,117,122 38,584,624
1985 19,648,204 38,469,512
1984 19,174,716 38,330,364
1983 18,705,957 38,171,525
1982 18,246,503 37,986,012
1981 17,798,805 37,758,631
1980 17,360,949 37,491,165
1979 16,933,139 37,191,330
1978 16,516,059 36,864,898
1977 16,109,806 36,511,638
1976 15,716,809 36,137,812
1975 15,333,957 35,757,900
1974 14,956,552 35,373,335
1973 14,582,867 34,988,947
1972 14,210,147 34,604,469
1971 13,838,067 34,224,490
1970 13,501,237 33,814,531
1969 13,166,767 33,441,054
1968 12,803,993 33,113,134
1967 12,448,814 32,682,947
1966 12,101,297 32,283,194
1965 11,761,085 31,954,292
1964 11,427,978 31,609,195
1963 11,102,099 31,296,651
1962 10,784,612 31,023,366
1961 10,475,123 30,739,250
1960 10,174,127 30,455,000

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/peru/spain | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Peru increased by 2,542,003 people (a 8.97% growth), while Spain gained 2,060,820 people (a 4.64% growth).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Peru gained 4,165,102 people (a 13.5% growth), while Spain's population increased by 2,348,762 people (a 5.06% growth).

Peru was ranked 40th most populous country in 2006 and is 48th in 2026. Spain was ranked 28th in 2006 and ranked 32nd now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Peru's population will grow by 16.3% to 40,733,304 people with a rank change from 48th to 51st. The population of Spain will decrease by 5.93% to 45,911,520 people and rank change from 32nd to 47th.

Peru is projected to reach its peak in 2067 at 41.9M people, while Spain's population already peaked in 2024 at 48.8M people and is projected to decrease to 33.9M people by 2100.

Population growth rate by year

Peru
Factual

Projection
Spain
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Peru Spain
2100 -0.43% -0.52%
2099 -0.42% -0.51%
2098 -0.42% -0.5%
2097 -0.41% -0.48%
2096 -0.4% -0.48%
2095 -0.39% -0.47%
2094 -0.39% -0.46%
2093 -0.38% -0.46%
2092 -0.37% -0.46%
2091 -0.36% -0.48%
2090 -0.35% -0.48%
2089 -0.35% -0.47%
2088 -0.33% -0.46%
2087 -0.32% -0.46%
2086 -0.31% -0.48%
2085 -0.3% -0.49%
2084 -0.28% -0.5%
2083 -0.27% -0.51%
2082 -0.26% -0.53%
2081 -0.24% -0.55%
2080 -0.23% -0.57%
2079 -0.21% -0.58%
2078 -0.2% -0.61%
2077 -0.18% -0.64%
2076 -0.16% -0.67%
2075 -0.15% -0.7%
2074 -0.13% -0.71%
2073 -0.11% -0.74%
2072 -0.09% -0.74%
2071 -0.07% -0.77%
2070 -0.05% -0.76%
2069 -0.03% -0.79%
2068 -0.01% -0.78%
2067 0.006% -0.79%
2066 0.03% -0.78%
2065 0.04% -0.8%
2064 0.07% -0.78%
2063 0.09% -0.79%
2062 0.11% -0.77%
2061 0.13% -0.73%
2060 0.15% -0.72%
2059 0.17% -0.69%
2058 0.19% -0.69%
2057 0.21% -0.68%
2056 0.23% -0.62%
2055 0.25% -0.59%
2054 0.28% -0.58%
2053 0.29% -0.54%
2052 0.32% -0.49%
2051 0.34% -0.47%
2050 0.36% -0.47%
2049 0.38% -0.42%
2048 0.4% -0.4%
2047 0.43% -0.38%
2046 0.45% -0.36%
2045 0.48% -0.33%
2044 0.5% -0.3%
2043 0.52% -0.3%
2042 0.55% -0.28%
2041 0.57% -0.27%
2040 0.59% -0.26%
2039 0.62% -0.24%
2038 0.64% -0.23%
2037 0.67% -0.23%
2036 0.7% -0.22%
2035 0.72% -0.2%
2034 0.75% -0.19%
2033 0.77% -0.19%
2032 0.8% -0.19%
2031 0.83% -0.17%
2030 0.86% -0.14%
2029 0.9% -0.12%
2028 0.93% -0.1%
2027 0.98% -0.1%
2026 1.02% -0.06%
2025 1.08% -0.02%
2024 1.1% 1.03%
2023 1.11% 1.19%
2022 0.96% 0.72%
2021 0.97% 0.18%
2020 1.2% 0.51%
2019 1.73% 0.72%
2018 1.83% 0.45%
2017 1.48% 0.24%
2016 1.34% 0.08%
2015 1.13% -0.08%
2014 1% -0.31%
2013 0.91% -0.36%
2012 0.84% 0.06%
2011 0.75% 0.36%
2010 0.65% 0.46%
2009 0.62% 0.89%
2008 0.66% 1.61%
2007 0.73% 1.87%
2006 0.79% 1.7%
2005 0.89% 1.7%
2004 0.99% 1.74%
2003 1.07% 1.82%
2002 1.2% 1.42%
2001 1.38% 0.7%
2000 1.57% 0.45%
1999 1.74% 0.41%
1998 1.84% 0.41%
1997 1.87% 0.42%
1996 1.9% 0.42%
1995 1.96% 0.44%
1994 2% 0.48%
1993 2.04% 0.52%
1992 2.06% 0.49%
1991 2.13% 0.25%
1990 2.24% 0.1%
1989 2.27% 0.16%
1988 2.3% 0.21%
1987 2.31% 0.26%
1986 2.39% 0.3%
1985 2.47% 0.36%
1984 2.51% 0.42%
1983 2.52% 0.49%
1982 2.52% 0.6%
1981 2.52% 0.71%
1980 2.53% 0.81%
1979 2.53% 0.89%
1978 2.52% 0.97%
1977 2.5% 1.03%
1976 2.5% 1.06%
1975 2.52% 1.09%
1974 2.56% 1.1%
1973 2.62% 1.11%
1972 2.69% 1.11%
1971 2.49% 1.21%
1970 2.54% 1.12%
1969 2.83% 0.99%
1968 2.85% 1.32%
1967 2.87% 1.24%
1966 2.89% 1.03%
1965 2.91% 1.09%
1964 2.94% 1%
1963 2.94% 0.88%
1962 2.95% 0.92%
1961 2.96% 0.93%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/peru/spain | CC BY

In 2024, the population of Peru grew by 1.1%, while Spain's population grew by 1.03%.

Live population counters

Peru Spain
Current population
35031596
48806901
Population rank 48/197 32/197
Percent of world population 0.42% 0.59%
One net population change
1.41 minutes
1.06 minutes
One birth every
58.4 seconds
1.62 minutes
One death every
2.83 minutes
1.21 minutes
Daily growth/decline +1,020 +1,360
Annual growth/decline +372,231 +496,312
Annual growth/decline rate +1.1% +1.03%
Population growth rate rank 95/197 100/197
One migration net change every
44.2 minutes
5.45 minutes
Annual migration change +11,931 +96,630
Net migration rank 41/196 17/196
Foreign-born residents 1,837,219 8,870,527
Foreign-born residents rank 39/195 6/195
Foreign-born share of population 5.4% 18.5%
Foreign-born share rank 90/195 32/195

Natural population change vs migration

Peru
Natural

Migration
Spain
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Peru Spain
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - 11,931 - 96,630
2024 - 18,406 - 111,674
2023 353,788 24,783 -111,211 119,099
2022 327,859 33,982 -133,801 299,779
2021 235,440 41,868 -113,865 144,385
2020 301,950 55,375 -151,551 236,854
2019 346,981 74,270 -56,542 464,783
2018 343,123 339,067 -56,139 337,467
2017 349,333 114,382 -32,600 201,135
2016 355,859 96,740 0 106,474
2015 362,781 2,421 -4,642 -1,979
2014 368,708 -50,383 32,522 -97,870
2013 372,694 -95,214 37,284 -250,741
2012 376,501 -118,863 51,450 -153,486
2011 383,268 -148,339 84,137 60,761
2010 382,510 -181,302 102,469 69,406
2009 396,522 -219,314 106,635 129,557
2008 413,640 -235,307 133,267 434,135
2007 435,122 -236,745 108,545 772,317
2006 445,884 -231,851 110,994 659,720
2005 454,199 -221,652 78,576 629,803
2004 459,617 -194,171 85,844 661,158
2003 459,243 -181,276 54,844 658,428
2002 463,709 -157,158 53,861 737,880
2001 470,154 -129,481 44,936 181,307
2000 484,222 -92,353 36,512 176,269
1999 487,095 -55,325 8,077 178,559
1998 489,436 -24,388 4,022 182,926
1997 495,348 -32,515 20,028 165,345
1996 501,855 -38,749 11,967 162,704
1995 507,894 -46,499 15,889 162,434
1994 512,735 -39,299 31,639 160,407
1993 513,769 -51,775 47,234 160,907
1992 514,618 -41,702 62,652 177,544
1991 513,867 -61,645 58,450 122,841
1990 515,233 -29,437 66,075 -30,684
1989 512,152 -33,569 81,538 -25,892
1988 508,429 -31,238 100,794 -17,663
1987 502,229 -34,651 116,054 -12,681
1986 496,712 -33,891 131,188 -13,540
1985 488,887 -13,887 146,184 -589
1984 477,968 -6,007 172,487 2,754
1983 469,781 -4,243 183,223 1,241
1982 461,107 -7,748 231,714 -7,384
1981 453,158 -11,123 237,879 2,563
1980 445,100 -11,446 281,184 20,166
1979 439,110 -17,148 312,407 -5,929
1978 432,127 -19,939 339,157 -2,504
1977 425,428 -25,117 361,465 -1,332
1976 420,284 -34,602 375,834 2,804
1975 414,400 -34,382 371,882 -218
1974 408,299 -33,493 396,182 105,838
1973 400,752 -28,191 374,381 8,624
1972 396,960 -24,100 391,030 7,935
1971 391,506 -20,209 369,625 7,363
1970 318,022 -15,653 378,723 -60,580
1969 379,347 -12,776 367,851 -49,956
1968 372,379 -13,389 387,423 -46,088
1967 365,224 -13,837 402,001 -42,344
1966 356,819 -13,166 397,084 -41,467
1965 349,245 -12,470 405,819 -42,476
1964 341,570 -12,129 429,885 -41,461
1963 332,352 -10,040 394,338 -44,446
1962 321,716 -9,051 384,690 -45,211
1961 313,385 -7,063 396,537 -46,517
1960 302,924 -7,236 398,960 -154,869

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/peru/spain | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 82% of the population change in Peru is from natural causes (a gain of 3,345,822 people) and 18% is from migration (a gain of 732,505 people). In Spain 25.8% is from natural causes (a loss of 627,829 people) and 74.2% is from migration (a gain of 1,810,127 people).

As of 2024, 1,837,219 residents or 5.4% of the population were not native-born in Peru, compared to 8,870,527 people or 18.5% in Spain.

Biggest cities by population

Peru
City Population
Lima 9.94M
Arequipa 1.01M
Trujillo 920K
Chiclayo 553K
Callao 537K
Piura 473K
Cusco 428K
Chimbote 395K
Huancayo 378K
Iquitos 378K
Spain
City Population
Madrid 3.51M
Barcelona 1.73M
Tenerife 955K
Valencia 841K
Zaragoza 693K
Seville 689K
Malaga 599K
Palma de Mallorca 435K
Las Palmas 382K
Alicante 366K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/population/peru/spain | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  5. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)

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