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Population in Mongolia compared to Poland: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank

The latest officially reported population of Mongolia was 3,568,978 in 2025 vs 36,435,861 people in Poland in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Mongolia's population is 3,630,744 people compared to 36,007,074 in Poland.

Population statistics:

  • Poland's population is 9.92 times bigger than Mongolia's.
  • Mongolia is ranked the 132nd most populous country in the world, while Poland is the 47th.
  • The countries together account for 0.48% of the world: 0.04% for Mongolia vs 0.43% for Poland.
  • For the last 10 years, Mongolia has had an average growth rate of +1.71% per year vs -0.38% in Poland.
  • Since 2006, the population of Mongolia has increased from 2.57M people to 3.63M (41.4% growth), while Poland has declined from 38.1M to 36M (5.6% decline).

Mongolia vs Poland: population by year and forecast

Mongolia
Factual

Projection
Poland
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Mongolia Poland
2100 5,630,532 18,452,579
2099 5,624,298 18,644,857
2098 5,616,442 18,838,707
2097 5,607,739 19,033,962
2096 5,598,366 19,231,896
2095 5,587,141 19,431,204
2094 5,575,743 19,634,214
2093 5,563,600 19,840,304
2092 5,550,506 20,049,969
2091 5,537,031 20,263,764
2090 5,522,419 20,482,150
2089 5,507,083 20,705,051
2088 5,491,226 20,933,750
2087 5,475,425 21,167,790
2086 5,459,661 21,407,163
2085 5,442,388 21,652,018
2084 5,424,928 21,902,736
2083 5,406,747 22,159,983
2082 5,388,623 22,423,109
2081 5,369,593 22,691,495
2080 5,349,817 22,964,515
2079 5,329,240 23,242,960
2078 5,307,283 23,524,184
2077 5,286,383 23,811,918
2076 5,264,220 24,102,012
2075 5,241,700 24,395,355
2074 5,218,897 24,691,719
2073 5,195,622 24,990,908
2072 5,172,532 25,290,453
2071 5,149,066 25,590,102
2070 5,124,853 25,889,034
2069 5,101,195 26,187,633
2068 5,077,035 26,485,171
2067 5,052,818 26,780,961
2066 5,027,552 27,074,124
2065 5,002,655 27,364,039
2064 4,978,185 27,650,950
2063 4,953,806 27,934,132
2062 4,929,364 28,212,240
2061 4,904,690 28,487,283
2060 4,878,877 28,757,525
2059 4,852,963 29,025,705
2058 4,826,761 29,288,751
2057 4,799,120 29,548,996
2056 4,771,151 29,806,770
2055 4,742,184 30,060,951
2054 4,711,735 30,311,416
2053 4,679,745 30,559,065
2052 4,646,658 30,801,964
2051 4,612,090 31,043,690
2050 4,576,701 31,281,762
2049 4,539,215 31,516,893
2048 4,500,638 31,748,736
2047 4,460,511 31,978,608
2046 4,419,188 32,205,877
2045 4,376,222 32,431,013
2044 4,333,010 32,653,012
2043 4,289,776 32,873,136
2042 4,245,757 33,090,733
2041 4,201,838 33,303,578
2040 4,158,320 33,514,705
2039 4,115,023 33,722,530
2038 4,072,646 33,926,660
2037 4,030,644 34,126,585
2036 3,989,867 34,323,967
2035 3,950,239 34,515,669
2034 3,911,316 34,704,048
2033 3,873,353 34,887,791
2032 3,836,311 35,067,502
2031 3,800,027 35,242,658
2030 3,763,374 35,410,392
2029 3,726,490 35,572,635
2028 3,688,767 35,725,650
2027 3,650,012 35,870,384
2026 3,610,395 36,007,074
2025 3,568,978 36,435,861
2024 3,524,788 36,559,233
2023 3,481,145 36,687,353
2022 3,433,748 36,821,749
2021 3,383,741 36,981,559
2020 3,327,204 37,515,748
2019 3,267,673 37,965,475
2018 3,208,189 37,974,750
2017 3,148,917 37,974,826
2016 3,088,856 37,970,087
2015 3,026,864 37,986,412
2014 2,963,113 38,011,735
2013 2,899,011 38,040,196
2012 2,839,705 38,063,164
2011 2,786,317 38,063,255
2010 2,738,622 38,042,794
2009 2,691,115 38,151,603
2008 2,643,201 38,125,759
2007 2,601,850 38,120,560
2006 2,567,168 38,141,267
2005 2,536,407 38,165,445
2004 2,508,412 38,182,222
2003 2,480,374 38,204,570
2002 2,449,027 38,230,364
2001 2,417,751 38,248,076
2000 2,388,299 38,258,629
1999 2,356,813 38,660,271
1998 2,323,809 38,663,481
1997 2,291,750 38,649,660
1996 2,259,507 38,624,370
1995 2,224,945 38,594,998
1994 2,189,395 38,542,652
1993 2,165,130 38,461,408
1992 2,167,790 38,363,667
1991 2,165,342 38,246,193
1990 2,098,710 38,110,782
1989 2,124,185 37,961,529
1988 2,076,322 37,824,487
1987 2,022,800 37,668,045
1986 1,970,965 37,456,119
1985 1,921,514 37,201,885
1984 1,874,349 36,904,134
1983 1,829,092 36,571,808
1982 1,785,364 36,230,481
1981 1,742,857 35,898,587
1980 1,701,335 35,574,150
1979 1,660,659 35,247,217
1978 1,619,468 34,965,600
1977 1,576,245 34,689,050
1976 1,531,945 34,356,300
1975 1,488,296 34,015,199
1974 1,446,050 33,678,899
1973 1,405,502 33,357,200
1972 1,366,821 33,055,650
1971 1,330,071 32,783,500
1970 1,295,272 32,664,300
1969 1,262,284 32,548,300
1968 1,229,930 32,294,655
1967 1,196,996 31,987,155
1966 1,163,754 31,681,000
1965 1,131,177 31,444,950
1964 1,100,234 31,139,450
1963 1,071,362 30,712,000
1962 1,041,444 30,308,500
1961 1,009,284 29,964,000
1960 977,595 29,637,450

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/poland | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Mongolia increased by 521,688 people (a 20.3% growth), while Poland lost 171,180 people (a 0.45% decline).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Mongolia gained 541,888 people (a 17.5% growth), while Poland's population decreased by 1,963,013 people (a 5.17% decline).

Mongolia was ranked 137th most populous country in 2006 and is 132nd in 2026. Poland was ranked 32nd in 2006 and ranked 47th now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Mongolia's population will grow by 26.1% to 4,576,701 people with a rank change from 132nd to 130th. The population of Poland will decrease by 13.1% to 31,281,762 people and rank change from 47th to 61st.

Mongolia is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 5.63M people, while Poland's population already peaked in 1998 at 38.7M people and is projected to decrease to 18.5M people by 2100.

Population growth rate by year

Mongolia
Factual

Projection
Poland
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Mongolia Poland
2100 0.11% -1.03%
2099 0.14% -1.03%
2098 0.16% -1.03%
2097 0.17% -1.03%
2096 0.2% -1.03%
2095 0.2% -1.03%
2094 0.22% -1.04%
2093 0.24% -1.05%
2092 0.24% -1.06%
2091 0.26% -1.07%
2090 0.28% -1.08%
2089 0.29% -1.09%
2088 0.29% -1.11%
2087 0.29% -1.12%
2086 0.32% -1.13%
2085 0.32% -1.14%
2084 0.34% -1.16%
2083 0.34% -1.17%
2082 0.35% -1.18%
2081 0.37% -1.19%
2080 0.39% -1.2%
2079 0.41% -1.2%
2078 0.4% -1.21%
2077 0.42% -1.2%
2076 0.43% -1.2%
2075 0.44% -1.2%
2074 0.45% -1.2%
2073 0.45% -1.18%
2072 0.46% -1.17%
2071 0.47% -1.15%
2070 0.46% -1.14%
2069 0.48% -1.12%
2068 0.48% -1.1%
2067 0.5% -1.08%
2066 0.5% -1.06%
2065 0.49% -1.04%
2064 0.49% -1.01%
2063 0.5% -0.99%
2062 0.5% -0.97%
2061 0.53% -0.94%
2060 0.53% -0.92%
2059 0.54% -0.9%
2058 0.58% -0.88%
2057 0.59% -0.86%
2056 0.61% -0.85%
2055 0.65% -0.83%
2054 0.68% -0.81%
2053 0.71% -0.79%
2052 0.75% -0.78%
2051 0.77% -0.76%
2050 0.83% -0.75%
2049 0.86% -0.73%
2048 0.9% -0.72%
2047 0.94% -0.71%
2046 0.98% -0.69%
2045 1% -0.68%
2044 1.01% -0.67%
2043 1.04% -0.66%
2042 1.05% -0.64%
2041 1.05% -0.63%
2040 1.05% -0.62%
2039 1.04% -0.6%
2038 1.04% -0.59%
2037 1.02% -0.58%
2036 1% -0.56%
2035 1% -0.54%
2034 0.98% -0.53%
2033 0.97% -0.51%
2032 0.95% -0.5%
2031 0.97% -0.47%
2030 0.99% -0.46%
2029 1.02% -0.43%
2028 1.06% -0.4%
2027 1.1% -0.38%
2026 1.16% -1.18%
2025 1.25% -0.34%
2024 1.25% -0.35%
2023 1.38% -0.36%
2022 1.48% -0.43%
2021 1.7% -1.42%
2020 1.82% -1.18%
2019 1.85% -0.02%
2018 1.88% -0%
2017 1.94% 0.01%
2016 2.05% -0.04%
2015 2.15% -0.07%
2014 2.21% -0.07%
2013 2.09% -0.06%
2012 1.92% -0%
2011 1.74% 0.05%
2010 1.77% -0.29%
2009 1.81% 0.07%
2008 1.59% 0.01%
2007 1.35% -0.05%
2006 1.21% -0.06%
2005 1.12% -0.04%
2004 1.13% -0.06%
2003 1.28% -0.07%
2002 1.29% -0.05%
2001 1.23% -0.03%
2000 1.34% -1.04%
1999 1.42% -0.008%
1998 1.4% 0.04%
1997 1.43% 0.07%
1996 1.55% 0.08%
1995 1.62% 0.14%
1994 1.12% 0.21%
1993 -0.12% 0.25%
1992 0.11% 0.31%
1991 3.17% 0.36%
1990 -1.2% 0.39%
1989 2.31% 0.36%
1988 2.65% 0.42%
1987 2.63% 0.57%
1986 2.57% 0.68%
1985 2.52% 0.81%
1984 2.47% 0.91%
1983 2.45% 0.94%
1982 2.44% 0.92%
1981 2.44% 0.91%
1980 2.45% 0.93%
1979 2.54% 0.81%
1978 2.74% 0.8%
1977 2.89% 0.97%
1976 2.93% 1%
1975 2.92% 1%
1974 2.88% 0.96%
1973 2.83% 0.91%
1972 2.76% 0.83%
1971 2.69% 0.36%
1970 2.61% 0.36%
1969 2.63% 0.79%
1968 2.75% 0.96%
1967 2.86% 0.97%
1966 2.88% 0.75%
1965 2.81% 0.98%
1964 2.69% 1.39%
1963 2.87% 1.33%
1962 3.19% 1.15%
1961 3.24% 1.1%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/poland | CC BY

In 2025, the population of Mongolia grew by 1.25%, while Poland's population declined by 0.34%.

Live population counters

Mongolia Poland
Current population
3630744
36007074
Population rank 132/197 47/197
Percent of world population 0.04% 0.43%
One net population change
11.9 minutes
4.27 minutes
One birth every
8.82 minutes
2.08 minutes
One death every
27.1 minutes
1.28 minutes
Daily growth/decline +121 -338
Annual growth/decline +44,190 -123,372
Annual growth/decline rate +1.25% -0.34%
Population growth rate rank 81/197 179/197
One migration net change every
4.63 days
1.59 minutes
Annual migration change +79 -330,820
Net migration rank 74/196 191/196
Foreign-born residents 22,589 1,739,901
Foreign-born residents rank 169/195 41/195
Foreign-born share of population 0.6% 4.5%
Foreign-born share rank 171/195 97/195

Natural population change vs migration

Mongolia
Natural

Migration
Poland
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Mongolia Poland
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - 79 - -330,820
2024 40,182 83 -157,205 -238,062
2023 46,995 0 -135,743 -7,824
2022 47,730 0 -143,605 967,744
2021 52,109 0 -184,907 2,251
2020 60,888 0 -120,050 3,920
2019 61,433 8,660 -34,169 7,696
2018 60,635 7,811 -26,582 -223
2017 57,940 6,831 0 -21,535
2016 62,086 5,633 -3,797 -5,675
2015 64,473 4,307 -26,590 3,887
2014 66,078 2,921 0 5,525
2013 62,618 1,505 -19,020 12,402
2012 55,942 351 0 4,635
2011 50,711 -505 11,419 45,951
2010 44,914 -6,444 38,043 119,623
2009 48,876 -15,007 30,521 -8,283
2008 45,843 -17,277 34,313 -42,288
2007 39,636 -15,220 11,436 -51,235
2006 33,609 -11,934 3,814 -68,882
2005 29,290 -8,924 -3,817 -41,942
2004 28,418 -8,148 -7,637 -38,216
2003 28,827 -7,986 -15,281 -19,039
2002 30,439 -8,934 -3,823 -16,462
2001 32,052 -10,244 3,825 -16,648
2000 32,753 -11,241 11,478 -15,921
1999 32,283 -13,481 0 -53,035
1998 31,757 -10,315 19,332 -39,509
1997 32,403 -9,132 34,785 -44,230
1996 33,741 -8,626 42,487 -45,349
1995 34,473 -7,346 46,314 -52,989
1994 34,711 -5,449 96,357 -41,845
1993 36,924 -5,429 103,846 -48,805
1992 42,437 -8,404 118,928 -46,893
1991 47,884 -11,427 141,511 -55,342
1990 49,443 -11,881 160,066 -50,339
1989 51,420 -9,757 182,215 -49,192
1988 51,588 2,459 215,599 -101,671
1987 51,140 1,855 226,008 -32,310
1986 50,329 354 258,448 -22,520
1985 49,944 -1,719 297,615 -27,277
1984 48,562 -2,452 332,137 -18,402
1983 46,919 -2,522 373,032 -26,724
1982 45,179 -2,132 369,551 -34,980
1981 43,588 -1,615 351,806 -16,155
1980 42,343 -1,268 348,627 -42,420
1979 41,568 -1,296 366,571 -22,162
1978 40,276 1,833 339,166 -62,936
1977 38,995 5,354 353,828 -33,496
1976 37,670 6,577 367,612 -25,716
1975 36,490 6,556 350,356 -31,346
1974 35,297 6,153 346,893 -18,273
1973 33,993 5,647 320,229 -29,335
1972 32,727 4,999 314,028 -15,004
1971 31,536 4,238 278,660 -31,767
1970 30,558 3,263 280,913 -66,859
1969 29,781 2,366 270,151 -26,744
1968 29,017 3,535 280,963 -11,905
1967 28,178 5,139 275,089 -25,479
1966 27,338 5,837 297,801 -17,158
1965 26,364 5,610 314,450 -21,658
1964 25,317 4,599 326,965 -23,273
1963 24,142 3,687 359,330 -13,770
1962 22,960 9,049 360,671 -31,021
1961 21,873 10,440 398,521 -20,044
1960 20,726 10,334 444,562 -6,306

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/poland | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 94.3% of the population change in Mongolia is from natural causes (a gain of 554,471 people) and 5.67% is from migration (a gain of 33,325 people). In Poland 53.9% is from natural causes (a loss of 832,648 people) and 46.1% is from migration (a gain of 712,179 people).

As of 2024, 22,589 residents or 0.6% of the population were not native-born in Mongolia, compared to 1,739,901 people or 4.5% in Poland.

Biggest cities by population

Mongolia
City Population
Ulaanbaatar 1.4M
Bulgan 12.3K
Poland
City Population
Warsaw 1.86M
Krakow 804K
Wroclaw 674K
Lodz 649K
Poznan 547K
Gdansk 488K
Szczecin 388K
Lublin 335K
Bydgoszcz 325K
Bialystok 290K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/poland | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

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