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Population in Mongolia compared to Nepal: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank team

The latest officially reported population of Mongolia was 3,524,788 in 2024 vs 29,651,054 people in Nepal in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Mongolia's population is 3,620,317 people compared to 29,596,762 in Nepal.

Population statistics:

  • Nepal's population is 8.18 times bigger than Mongolia's.
  • Mongolia is ranked the 132nd most populous country in the world, while Nepal is the 52nd.
  • The countries together account for 0.4% of the world: 0.04% for Mongolia vs 0.36% for Nepal.
  • For the last 10 years, Mongolia has had an average growth rate of +1.79% per year vs +0.66% in Nepal.
  • Since 2006, the population of Mongolia has increased from 2.57M people to 3.62M (41% growth), while Nepal has grown from 26.6M to 29.6M (11.4% growth).

Mongolia vs Nepal: population by year and forecast

Mongolia
Factual

Projection
Nepal
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Mongolia Nepal
2100 5,629,299 31,902,377
2099 5,623,066 32,090,762
2098 5,615,212 32,277,789
2097 5,606,511 32,464,318
2096 5,597,140 32,647,891
2095 5,585,917 32,828,594
2094 5,574,522 33,009,460
2093 5,562,381 33,186,290
2092 5,549,290 33,361,327
2091 5,535,819 33,532,505
2090 5,521,210 33,699,660
2089 5,505,877 33,863,636
2088 5,490,024 34,022,597
2087 5,474,226 34,175,457
2086 5,458,465 34,322,945
2085 5,441,196 34,468,441
2084 5,423,740 34,605,513
2083 5,405,563 34,735,114
2082 5,387,443 34,856,938
2081 5,368,417 34,972,075
2080 5,348,645 35,080,783
2079 5,328,073 35,183,584
2078 5,306,120 35,277,254
2077 5,285,225 35,362,658
2076 5,263,067 35,440,746
2075 5,240,553 35,510,291
2074 5,217,755 35,573,094
2073 5,194,484 35,627,375
2072 5,171,399 35,670,886
2071 5,147,939 35,709,979
2070 5,123,730 35,739,580
2069 5,100,078 35,759,193
2068 5,075,923 35,770,405
2067 5,051,712 35,774,081
2066 5,026,451 35,770,220
2065 5,001,559 35,758,824
2064 4,977,095 35,737,661
2063 4,952,721 35,709,945
2062 4,928,284 35,669,839
2061 4,903,616 35,623,365
2060 4,877,808 35,567,728
2059 4,851,900 35,503,043
2058 4,825,704 35,427,419
2057 4,798,069 35,345,633
2056 4,770,106 35,253,644
2055 4,741,145 35,155,433
2054 4,710,703 35,050,330
2053 4,678,720 34,936,594
2052 4,645,641 34,816,009
2051 4,611,080 34,684,328
2050 4,575,698 34,546,267
2049 4,538,221 34,400,898
2048 4,499,652 34,250,249
2047 4,459,534 34,091,495
2046 4,418,220 33,921,975
2045 4,375,263 33,747,892
2044 4,332,061 33,566,784
2043 4,288,836 33,380,395
2042 4,244,827 33,186,321
2041 4,200,917 32,987,097
2040 4,157,409 32,781,189
2039 4,114,122 32,569,731
2038 4,071,754 32,349,742
2037 4,029,761 32,125,036
2036 3,988,994 31,892,962
2035 3,949,374 31,653,976
2034 3,910,459 31,407,460
2033 3,872,505 31,152,292
2032 3,835,471 30,890,627
2031 3,799,194 30,623,706
2030 3,762,550 30,349,201
2029 3,725,673 30,068,368
2028 3,687,959 29,780,585
2027 3,649,213 29,627,864
2026 3,609,604 29,585,230
2025 3,568,196 29,605,298
2024 3,524,788 29,651,054
2023 3,481,145 29,694,614
2022 3,433,748 29,715,436
2021 3,383,741 29,475,010
2020 3,327,204 28,966,574
2019 3,267,673 28,414,064
2018 3,208,189 28,079,689
2017 3,148,917 28,011,258
2016 3,088,856 27,955,462
2015 3,026,864 27,823,629
2014 2,963,113 27,672,370
2013 2,899,011 27,589,996
2012 2,839,705 27,534,915
2011 2,786,317 27,464,494
2010 2,738,622 27,341,952
2009 2,691,115 27,173,035
2008 2,643,201 26,990,037
2007 2,601,850 26,788,492
2006 2,567,168 26,565,425
2005 2,536,407 26,309,458
2004 2,508,412 26,016,656
2003 2,480,374 25,688,758
2002 2,449,027 25,328,981
2001 2,417,751 24,946,748
2000 2,388,299 24,546,509
1999 2,356,813 24,125,199
1998 2,323,809 23,680,357
1997 2,291,750 23,219,463
1996 2,259,507 22,741,862
1995 2,224,945 22,245,439
1994 2,189,395 21,717,479
1993 2,165,130 21,180,159
1992 2,167,790 20,609,707
1991 2,165,342 20,036,500
1990 2,098,710 19,524,573
1989 2,124,185 19,057,807
1988 2,076,322 18,638,661
1987 2,022,800 18,250,505
1986 1,970,965 17,868,124
1985 1,921,514 17,477,692
1984 1,874,349 17,085,242
1983 1,829,092 16,689,119
1982 1,785,364 16,297,987
1981 1,742,857 15,922,423
1980 1,701,335 15,553,105
1979 1,660,659 15,190,590
1978 1,619,468 14,839,695
1977 1,576,245 14,499,175
1976 1,531,945 14,177,649
1975 1,488,296 13,870,695
1974 1,446,050 13,568,435
1973 1,405,502 13,275,239
1972 1,366,821 12,989,099
1971 1,330,071 12,710,061
1970 1,295,272 12,436,190
1969 1,262,284 12,167,036
1968 1,229,930 11,906,266
1967 1,196,996 11,652,716
1966 1,163,754 11,408,710
1965 1,131,177 11,173,411
1964 1,100,234 10,946,392
1963 1,071,362 10,729,818
1962 1,041,444 10,521,116
1961 1,009,284 10,318,396
1960 977,595 10,123,658

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/nepal | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Mongolia increased by 521,688 people (a 20.3% growth), while Nepal gained 1,390,037 people (a 5.23% growth).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Mongolia gained 531,461 people (a 17.2% growth), while Nepal's population increased by 1,641,300 people (a 5.87% growth).

Mongolia was ranked 137th most populous country in 2006 and is 132nd in 2026. Nepal was ranked 43rd in 2006 and ranked 52nd now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Mongolia's population will grow by 26.4% to 4,575,698 people with a rank change from 132nd to 130th. The population of Nepal will increase by 16.7% to 34,546,267 people and rank change from 52nd to 58th.

Mongolia is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 5.63M people compared to the peak of 35.8M people in 2067 for Nepal.

Population growth rate by year

Mongolia
Factual

Projection
Nepal
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Mongolia Nepal
2100 0.11% -0.59%
2099 0.14% -0.58%
2098 0.16% -0.57%
2097 0.17% -0.56%
2096 0.2% -0.55%
2095 0.2% -0.55%
2094 0.22% -0.53%
2093 0.24% -0.52%
2092 0.24% -0.51%
2091 0.26% -0.5%
2090 0.28% -0.48%
2089 0.29% -0.47%
2088 0.29% -0.45%
2087 0.29% -0.43%
2086 0.32% -0.42%
2085 0.32% -0.4%
2084 0.34% -0.37%
2083 0.34% -0.35%
2082 0.35% -0.33%
2081 0.37% -0.31%
2080 0.39% -0.29%
2079 0.41% -0.27%
2078 0.4% -0.24%
2077 0.42% -0.22%
2076 0.43% -0.2%
2075 0.44% -0.18%
2074 0.45% -0.15%
2073 0.45% -0.12%
2072 0.46% -0.11%
2071 0.47% -0.08%
2070 0.46% -0.05%
2069 0.48% -0.03%
2068 0.48% -0.01%
2067 0.5% 0.01%
2066 0.5% 0.03%
2065 0.49% 0.06%
2064 0.49% 0.08%
2063 0.5% 0.11%
2062 0.5% 0.13%
2061 0.53% 0.16%
2060 0.53% 0.18%
2059 0.54% 0.21%
2058 0.58% 0.23%
2057 0.59% 0.26%
2056 0.61% 0.28%
2055 0.65% 0.3%
2054 0.68% 0.33%
2053 0.71% 0.35%
2052 0.75% 0.38%
2051 0.77% 0.4%
2050 0.83% 0.42%
2049 0.86% 0.44%
2048 0.9% 0.47%
2047 0.94% 0.5%
2046 0.98% 0.52%
2045 1% 0.54%
2044 1.01% 0.56%
2043 1.04% 0.58%
2042 1.05% 0.6%
2041 1.05% 0.63%
2040 1.05% 0.65%
2039 1.04% 0.68%
2038 1.04% 0.7%
2037 1.02% 0.73%
2036 1% 0.75%
2035 1% 0.78%
2034 0.98% 0.82%
2033 0.97% 0.85%
2032 0.95% 0.87%
2031 0.97% 0.9%
2030 0.99% 0.93%
2029 1.02% 0.97%
2028 1.06% 0.52%
2027 1.1% 0.14%
2026 1.16% -0.07%
2025 1.23% -0.15%
2024 1.25% -0.15%
2023 1.38% -0.07%
2022 1.48% 0.82%
2021 1.7% 1.76%
2020 1.82% 1.94%
2019 1.85% 1.19%
2018 1.88% 0.24%
2017 1.94% 0.2%
2016 2.05% 0.47%
2015 2.15% 0.55%
2014 2.21% 0.3%
2013 2.09% 0.2%
2012 1.92% 0.26%
2011 1.74% 0.45%
2010 1.77% 0.62%
2009 1.81% 0.68%
2008 1.59% 0.75%
2007 1.35% 0.84%
2006 1.21% 0.97%
2005 1.12% 1.13%
2004 1.13% 1.28%
2003 1.28% 1.42%
2002 1.29% 1.53%
2001 1.23% 1.63%
2000 1.34% 1.75%
1999 1.42% 1.88%
1998 1.4% 1.98%
1997 1.43% 2.1%
1996 1.55% 2.23%
1995 1.62% 2.43%
1994 1.12% 2.54%
1993 -0.12% 2.77%
1992 0.11% 2.86%
1991 3.17% 2.62%
1990 -1.2% 2.45%
1989 2.31% 2.25%
1988 2.65% 2.13%
1987 2.63% 2.14%
1986 2.57% 2.23%
1985 2.52% 2.3%
1984 2.47% 2.37%
1983 2.45% 2.4%
1982 2.44% 2.36%
1981 2.44% 2.37%
1980 2.45% 2.39%
1979 2.54% 2.36%
1978 2.74% 2.35%
1977 2.89% 2.27%
1976 2.93% 2.21%
1975 2.92% 2.23%
1974 2.88% 2.21%
1973 2.83% 2.2%
1972 2.76% 2.2%
1971 2.69% 2.2%
1970 2.61% 2.21%
1969 2.63% 2.19%
1968 2.75% 2.18%
1967 2.86% 2.14%
1966 2.88% 2.11%
1965 2.81% 2.07%
1964 2.69% 2.02%
1963 2.87% 1.98%
1962 3.19% 1.96%
1961 3.24% 1.92%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/nepal | CC BY

In 2024, the population of Mongolia grew by 1.25%, while Nepal's population declined by 0.15%.

Live population counters

Mongolia Nepal
Current population
3620317
29596762
Population rank 132/197 52/197
Percent of world population 0.04% 0.36%
One net population change
12 minutes
12.1 minutes
One birth every
7.95 minutes
54.9 seconds
One death every
27.5 minutes
2.55 minutes
Daily growth/decline +120 -119
Annual growth/decline +43,643 -43,560
Annual growth/decline rate +1.25% -0.15%
Population growth rate rank 86/197 174/197
One migration net change every
4.63 days
1.45 minutes
Annual migration change +79 -364,699
Net migration rank 74/196 193/196
Foreign-born residents 22,589 470,719
Foreign-born residents rank 169/195 82/195
Foreign-born share of population 0.6% 1.6%
Foreign-born share rank 171/195 142/195

Natural population change vs migration

Mongolia
Natural

Migration
Nepal
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Mongolia Nepal
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - 79 - -364,699
2024 - 83 - -401,282
2023 46,995 0 368,450 -409,782
2022 47,730 0 379,021 -379,321
2021 52,109 0 351,165 130,001
2020 60,888 0 373,553 162,139
2019 61,433 8,660 387,113 182,203
2018 60,635 7,811 394,576 -295,151
2017 57,940 6,831 406,219 -368,787
2016 62,086 5,633 415,921 -341,748
2015 64,473 4,307 410,565 -221,062
2014 66,078 2,921 423,166 -310,156
2013 62,618 1,505 424,804 -373,064
2012 55,942 351 430,151 -371,707
2011 50,711 -505 429,957 -347,552
2010 44,914 -6,444 432,631 -269,963
2009 48,876 -15,007 441,290 -266,144
2008 45,843 -17,277 452,353 -261,540
2007 39,636 -15,220 464,780 -252,526
2006 33,609 -11,934 475,335 -241,455
2005 29,290 -8,924 489,093 -211,024
2004 28,418 -8,148 504,853 -197,336
2003 28,827 -7,986 516,575 -168,314
2002 30,439 -8,934 525,045 -153,730
2001 32,052 -10,244 542,118 -148,973
2000 32,753 -11,241 554,506 -147,193
1999 32,283 -13,481 557,847 -122,551
1998 31,757 -10,315 562,787 -108,400
1997 32,403 -9,132 565,882 -98,454
1996 33,741 -8,626 580,099 -92,307
1995 34,473 -7,346 591,283 -86,232
1994 34,711 -5,449 578,293 -27,415
1993 36,924 -5,429 561,549 -37,782
1992 42,437 -8,404 533,029 84,113
1991 47,884 -11,427 512,233 17,056
1990 49,443 -11,881 495,202 -640
1989 51,420 -9,757 478,771 -39,808
1988 51,588 2,459 463,581 -64,246
1987 51,140 1,855 449,400 -72,437
1986 50,329 354 434,802 -47,017
1985 49,944 -1,719 423,240 -30,154
1984 48,562 -2,452 411,122 -19,300
1983 46,919 -2,522 399,103 1,304
1982 45,179 -2,132 385,741 -3,898
1981 43,588 -1,615 374,145 -4,855
1980 42,343 -1,268 364,254 5,084
1979 41,568 -1,296 355,597 88
1978 40,276 1,833 345,765 346
1977 38,995 5,354 332,843 2,108
1976 37,670 6,577 323,222 -15,119
1975 36,490 6,556 312,479 -6,686
1974 35,297 6,153 303,078 -4,361
1973 33,993 5,647 288,750 -1,076
1972 32,727 4,999 286,708 -2,107
1971 31,536 4,238 280,752 -7,284
1970 30,558 3,263 272,439 1,847
1969 29,781 2,366 264,560 -527
1968 29,017 3,535 258,259 -746
1967 28,178 5,139 249,240 347
1966 27,338 5,837 241,716 -3,306
1965 26,364 5,610 233,726 -1,551
1964 25,317 4,599 227,948 -6,087
1963 24,142 3,687 219,586 -8,303
1962 22,960 9,049 215,368 -9,249
1961 21,873 10,440 209,917 -10,601
1960 20,726 10,334 203,374 -13,223

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/nepal | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 94.1% of the population change in Mongolia is from natural causes (a gain of 580,367 people) and 5.87% is from migration (a gain of 36,163 people). In Nepal 67.9% is from natural causes (a gain of 3,909,749 people) and 32.1% is from migration (a loss of 1,851,664 people).

As of 2024, 22,589 residents or 0.6% of the population were not native-born in Mongolia, compared to 470,719 people or 1.6% in Nepal.

Biggest cities by population

Mongolia
City Population
Ulaanbaatar 1.4M
Bulgan 12.3K
Nepal
City Population
Kathmandu 846K
Lalitpur 513K
Pokhara 354K
Birgunj 268K
Biratnagar 243K
Bheemdatta 105K
Dhangadhi 102K
Janakpur 97.8K
Hetauda 84.7K
Damak 75.1K

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/population/mongolia/nepal | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  5. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)

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