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Population in Canada compared to Japan: Trends, Charts, Rankings

Updated on by Georank team

The latest officially reported population of Canada was 41,288,599 in 2024 vs 123,975,371 people in Japan in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Canada's population is 42,181,965 people compared to 122,677,250 in Japan.

Population statistics:

  • Japan's population is 2.91 times bigger than Canada's.
  • Canada is ranked the 38th most populous country in the world, while Japan is the 12th.
  • The countries together account for 1.99% of the world: 0.51% for Canada vs 1.48% for Japan.
  • For the last 10 years, Canada has had an average growth rate of +1.5% per year vs -0.25% in Japan.
  • Since 2006, the population of Canada has increased from 32.6M people to 42.2M (29.5% growth), while Japan has declined from 128M to 123M (4.05% decline).

Canada vs Japan: population by year and forecast

Canada
Factual

Projection
Japan
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Population
Canada Japan
2100 55,893,812 76,978,998
2099 55,710,628 77,363,458
2098 55,520,878 77,742,445
2097 55,326,351 78,118,375
2096 55,153,117 78,498,614
2095 54,983,479 78,875,245
2094 54,818,119 79,250,325
2093 54,651,641 79,628,057
2092 54,494,148 80,007,967
2091 54,329,082 80,383,529
2090 54,183,996 80,760,724
2089 54,034,513 81,140,553
2088 53,855,760 81,521,696
2087 53,708,023 81,908,373
2086 53,553,781 82,304,497
2085 53,403,315 82,709,534
2084 53,246,675 83,123,058
2083 53,081,827 83,544,006
2082 52,930,998 83,980,325
2081 52,761,672 84,429,305
2080 52,602,997 84,899,768
2079 52,444,008 85,387,247
2078 52,275,214 85,897,934
2077 52,118,254 86,434,291
2076 51,944,937 86,993,007
2075 51,774,515 87,577,777
2074 51,611,349 88,190,392
2073 51,449,506 88,834,763
2072 51,279,503 89,499,356
2071 51,106,234 90,184,464
2070 50,934,622 90,899,136
2069 50,760,591 91,625,421
2068 50,585,692 92,367,969
2067 50,396,558 93,113,499
2066 50,216,488 93,869,240
2065 50,037,049 94,633,430
2064 49,857,150 95,391,433
2063 49,675,417 96,148,081
2062 49,491,872 96,902,907
2061 49,316,172 97,654,031
2060 49,148,043 98,400,894
2059 48,975,435 99,144,216
2058 48,801,460 99,868,968
2057 48,640,413 100,585,601
2056 48,484,751 101,295,868
2055 48,333,252 101,989,736
2054 48,184,303 102,683,462
2053 48,036,252 103,359,083
2052 47,875,085 104,036,901
2051 47,719,858 104,706,698
2050 47,562,681 105,377,283
2049 47,417,162 106,053,011
2048 47,254,138 106,731,207
2047 47,091,915 107,419,237
2046 46,926,799 108,115,358
2045 46,743,844 108,820,982
2044 46,562,785 109,529,333
2043 46,379,045 110,245,586
2042 46,188,550 110,968,174
2041 45,994,664 111,704,629
2040 45,799,063 112,438,759
2039 45,593,547 113,175,948
2038 45,374,241 113,915,783
2037 45,148,803 114,662,374
2036 44,917,782 115,410,956
2035 44,691,033 116,162,381
2034 44,439,937 116,911,001
2033 44,193,040 117,652,676
2032 43,925,613 118,393,188
2031 43,643,438 119,127,425
2030 43,355,390 119,856,131
2029 43,060,128 120,574,242
2028 42,748,060 121,287,543
2027 42,426,742 121,989,133
2026 42,091,205 122,677,250
2025 41,714,545 123,339,586
2024 41,288,599 123,975,371
2023 40,083,484 124,516,650
2022 38,935,934 125,124,989
2021 38,239,864 125,681,593
2020 38,028,638 126,261,000
2019 37,618,495 126,633,000
2018 37,072,620 126,811,000
2017 36,545,075 126,972,000
2016 36,110,803 127,076,000
2015 35,704,498 127,141,000
2014 35,434,066 127,276,000
2013 35,080,992 127,445,000
2012 34,713,395 127,629,000
2011 34,339,221 127,833,000
2010 34,005,902 128,070,000
2009 33,630,069 128,047,000
2008 33,247,298 128,063,000
2007 32,888,886 128,001,000
2006 32,571,193 127,854,000
2005 32,242,732 127,773,000
2004 31,938,807 127,761,000
2003 31,642,461 127,718,000
2002 31,359,199 127,445,000
2001 31,020,855 127,149,000
2000 30,685,730 126,843,000
1999 30,401,286 126,631,000
1998 30,155,173 126,400,000
1997 29,905,948 126,057,000
1996 29,610,218 125,757,000
1995 29,302,311 125,472,000
1994 29,000,663 125,178,000
1993 28,684,764 124,829,000
1992 28,371,264 124,425,000
1991 28,037,420 123,964,000
1990 27,691,138 123,478,000
1989 27,276,781 123,069,000
1988 26,791,747 122,578,000
1987 26,446,601 122,069,000
1986 26,100,278 121,482,000
1985 25,842,116 120,837,000
1984 25,607,053 120,083,000
1983 25,366,451 119,307,000
1982 25,116,942 118,480,000
1981 24,819,915 117,661,000
1980 24,515,667 116,807,000
1979 24,201,544 115,890,000
1978 23,963,203 114,913,000
1977 23,725,843 113,872,000
1976 23,449,808 112,775,000
1975 23,143,275 111,573,000
1974 22,807,969 110,162,000
1973 22,491,777 108,707,000
1972 22,218,463 107,188,000
1971 21,962,032 105,697,000
1970 21,324,000 103,403,000
1969 21,028,000 102,219,000
1968 20,744,000 101,011,000
1967 20,412,000 99,879,000
1966 20,048,000 98,851,000
1965 19,678,000 97,952,000
1964 19,325,000 96,903,000
1963 18,964,000 95,900,000
1962 18,614,000 94,933,000
1961 18,271,000 94,055,000
1960 17,909,356 93,216,000

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/canada/japan | CC BY

From 2006 to 2016, the population of Canada increased by 3,539,610 people (a 10.9% growth), while Japan lost 778,000 people (a 0.61% decline).

For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Canada gained 6,071,162 people (a 16.8% growth), while Japan's population decreased by 4,398,750 people (a 3.46% decline).

Canada was ranked 35th most populous country in 2006 and is 38th in 2026. Japan was ranked 10th in 2006 and ranked 12th now.

The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Canada's population will grow by 12.8% to 47,562,681 people with a rank change from 38th to 45th. The population of Japan will decrease by 14.1% to 105,377,283 people and rank change from 12th to 17th.

Canada is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 55.9M people, while Japan's population already peaked in 2010 at 128M people and is projected to decrease to 77M people by 2100.

Population growth rate by year

Canada
Factual

Projection
Japan
Factual

Projection
1x
Year Growth rate
Canada Japan
2100 0.33% -0.5%
2099 0.34% -0.49%
2098 0.35% -0.48%
2097 0.31% -0.48%
2096 0.31% -0.48%
2095 0.3% -0.47%
2094 0.3% -0.47%
2093 0.29% -0.47%
2092 0.3% -0.47%
2091 0.27% -0.47%
2090 0.28% -0.47%
2089 0.33% -0.47%
2088 0.28% -0.47%
2087 0.29% -0.48%
2086 0.28% -0.49%
2085 0.29% -0.5%
2084 0.31% -0.5%
2083 0.28% -0.52%
2082 0.32% -0.53%
2081 0.3% -0.55%
2080 0.3% -0.57%
2079 0.32% -0.59%
2078 0.3% -0.62%
2077 0.33% -0.64%
2076 0.33% -0.67%
2075 0.32% -0.69%
2074 0.31% -0.73%
2073 0.33% -0.74%
2072 0.34% -0.76%
2071 0.34% -0.79%
2070 0.34% -0.79%
2069 0.35% -0.8%
2068 0.38% -0.8%
2067 0.36% -0.81%
2066 0.36% -0.81%
2065 0.36% -0.79%
2064 0.37% -0.79%
2063 0.37% -0.78%
2062 0.36% -0.77%
2061 0.34% -0.76%
2060 0.35% -0.75%
2059 0.36% -0.73%
2058 0.33% -0.71%
2057 0.32% -0.7%
2056 0.31% -0.68%
2055 0.31% -0.68%
2054 0.31% -0.65%
2053 0.34% -0.65%
2052 0.33% -0.64%
2051 0.33% -0.64%
2050 0.31% -0.64%
2049 0.34% -0.64%
2048 0.34% -0.64%
2047 0.35% -0.64%
2046 0.39% -0.65%
2045 0.39% -0.65%
2044 0.4% -0.65%
2043 0.41% -0.65%
2042 0.42% -0.66%
2041 0.43% -0.65%
2040 0.45% -0.65%
2039 0.48% -0.65%
2038 0.5% -0.65%
2037 0.51% -0.65%
2036 0.51% -0.65%
2035 0.57% -0.64%
2034 0.56% -0.63%
2033 0.61% -0.63%
2032 0.65% -0.62%
2031 0.66% -0.61%
2030 0.69% -0.6%
2029 0.73% -0.59%
2028 0.76% -0.58%
2027 0.8% -0.56%
2026 0.9% -0.54%
2025 1.03% -0.51%
2024 3.01% -0.43%
2023 2.95% -0.49%
2022 1.82% -0.44%
2021 0.56% -0.46%
2020 1.09% -0.29%
2019 1.47% -0.14%
2018 1.44% -0.13%
2017 1.2% -0.08%
2016 1.14% -0.05%
2015 0.76% -0.11%
2014 1.01% -0.13%
2013 1.06% -0.14%
2012 1.09% -0.16%
2011 0.98% -0.19%
2010 1.12% 0.02%
2009 1.15% -0.01%
2008 1.09% 0.05%
2007 0.98% 0.11%
2006 1.02% 0.06%
2005 0.95% 0.009%
2004 0.94% 0.03%
2003 0.9% 0.21%
2002 1.09% 0.23%
2001 1.09% 0.24%
2000 0.94% 0.17%
1999 0.82% 0.18%
1998 0.83% 0.27%
1997 1% 0.24%
1996 1.05% 0.23%
1995 1.04% 0.23%
1994 1.1% 0.28%
1993 1.1% 0.32%
1992 1.19% 0.37%
1991 1.25% 0.39%
1990 1.52% 0.33%
1989 1.81% 0.4%
1988 1.31% 0.42%
1987 1.33% 0.48%
1986 1% 0.53%
1985 0.92% 0.63%
1984 0.95% 0.65%
1983 0.99% 0.7%
1982 1.2% 0.7%
1981 1.24% 0.73%
1980 1.3% 0.79%
1979 0.99% 0.85%
1978 1% 0.91%
1977 1.18% 0.97%
1976 1.32% 1.08%
1975 1.47% 1.28%
1974 1.41% 1.34%
1973 1.23% 1.42%
1972 1.17% 1.41%
1971 2.99% 2.22%
1970 1.41% 1.16%
1969 1.37% 1.2%
1968 1.63% 1.13%
1967 1.82% 1.04%
1966 1.88% 0.92%
1965 1.83% 1.08%
1964 1.9% 1.05%
1963 1.88% 1.02%
1962 1.88% 0.93%
1961 2.02% 0.9%

Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/canada/japan | CC BY

In 2024, the population of Canada grew by 3.01%, while Japan's population declined by 0.43%.

Live population counters

Canada Japan
Current population
42181965
122677250
Population rank 38/197 12/197
Percent of world population 0.51% 1.48%
One net population change
26.2 seconds
58.3 seconds
One birth every
1.49 minutes
42.2 seconds
One death every
1.62 minutes
19.5 seconds
Daily growth/decline +3,302 -1,483
Annual growth/decline +1,205,115 -541,279
Annual growth/decline rate +3.01% -0.43%
Population growth rate rank 14/197 185/197
One migration net change every
1.62 minutes
3.75 minutes
Annual migration change +326,204 +140,579
Net migration rank 5/196 10/196
Foreign-born residents 8,805,839 3,409,529
Foreign-born residents rank 7/195 19/195
Foreign-born share of population 22.2% 2.8%
Foreign-born share rank 27/195 120/195

Natural population change vs migration

Canada
Natural

Migration
Japan
Natural

Migration
1x
Year Population change
Canada Japan
Natural Migration Natural Migration
2025 - 326,204 - 140,579
2024 - 368,599 - 153,357
2023 28,058 433,842 -871,617 175,003
2022 15,574 459,988 -825,825 175,003
2021 57,360 198,867 -640,976 -34,996
2020 53,241 256,592 -542,923 42,001
2019 86,523 387,685 -531,858 318,190
2018 88,974 420,224 -456,520 320,601
2017 98,672 372,685 -406,310 322,564
2016 115,555 329,455 -343,106 314,732
2015 117,825 224,332 -292,424 168,896
2014 127,563 192,884 -267,279 58,109
2013 129,799 239,813 -242,146 66,449
2012 135,382 243,748 -229,733 67,904
2011 133,923 227,075 -204,533 97,720
2010 139,425 225,369 -128,070 131,860
2009 144,609 244,463 -76,828 125,450
2008 142,963 238,083 -51,225 142,605
2007 134,845 213,801 -25,600 138,024
2006 130,285 202,175 12,785 130,065
2005 116,074 204,526 -25,554 113,017
2004 111,786 194,611 76,656 69,014
2003 110,749 185,643 114,946 74,875
2002 106,621 208,060 178,423 60,864
2001 114,777 222,100 203,438 59,563
2000 110,469 201,727 228,317 23,468
1999 118,565 158,342 202,610 56,901
1998 126,651 142,346 265,440 45,912
1997 134,577 144,678 277,325 43,366
1996 153,973 154,553 314,392 25,030
1995 167,023 141,818 276,039 87,714
1994 179,804 134,863 363,017 154,214
1993 186,451 133,426 312,073 168,836
1992 204,273 138,121 360,833 170,878
1991 207,477 134,463 396,685 161,331
1990 213,222 181,461 407,478 124,582
1989 207,304 258,094 467,662 31,202
1988 192,901 238,003 527,085 51,154
1987 190,416 171,308 598,138 28,001
1986 190,532 121,928 631,706 27,987
1985 204,153 69,776 676,687 -141,323
1984 204,856 55,982 756,523 -273,686
1983 202,931 66,172 775,495 -269,755
1982 200,935 89,544 805,664 -288,550
1981 206,005 113,461 811,861 -278,525
1980 203,480 122,743 864,372 -92,314
1979 203,293 86,719 950,298 -57,692
1978 194,102 52,781 1,011,234 -47,996
1977 199,297 70,339 1,070,397 -49,082
1976 196,979 106,894 1,127,750 -34,976
1975 196,718 139,797 1,204,989 107
1974 182,464 155,596 1,332,960 -10,145
1973 184,432 125,401 1,391,449 -34,674
1972 188,857 89,880 1,372,006 -73,980
1971 208,640 210,244 1,331,782 -107,778
1970 215,372 304,627 1,230,496 33,731
1969 216,588 93,600 1,195,962 49,447
1968 211,589 108,864 1,191,930 43,593
1967 220,450 132,856 1,258,475 29,632
1966 236,566 144,641 682,072 68,934
1965 269,589 112,401 1,126,448 -50,667
1964 307,268 68,003 1,046,553 -100,696
1963 318,595 51,831 987,770 -100,742
1962 325,745 35,373 901,864 -57,075
1961 334,360 34,721 893,522 -58,882
1960 338,487 49,694 894,874 -150,371

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/population/canada/japan | CC BY

Over the last 10 years, 19.4% of the population change in Canada is from natural causes (a gain of 789,345 people) and 80.6% is from migration (a gain of 3,276,554 people). In Japan 73.6% is from natural causes (a loss of 5,178,838 people) and 26.4% is from migration (a gain of 1,860,103 people).

As of 2024, 8,805,839 residents or 22.2% of the population were not native-born in Canada, compared to 3,409,529 people or 2.8% in Japan.

Biggest cities by population

Canada
City Population
Toronto 2.79M
Montreal 1.8M
Calgary 1.31M
Ottawa 1.02M
Edmonton 1.01M
Winnipeg 750K
Mississauga 718K
Vancouver 662K
Brampton 656K
Hamilton 569K
Japan
City Population
Tokyo 14.3M
Yokohama 3.76M
Osaka 2.75M
Nagoya 2.33M
Sapporo 1.96M
Fukuoka 1.6M
Kawasaki 1.54M
Kobe 1.52M
Kyoto 1.46M
Saitama 1.33M

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Population map with other countries

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/population/canada/japan | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  3. U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  4. Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  5. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)

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