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Economy of Burkina Faso vs Gambia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Burkina Faso has a GDP of $23.3B compared to $2.51B for the Gambia, ranking 122/197 and 173/197 by economy size, respectively.

Burkina Faso has $12.2B in government debt (50.2% of GDP), compared to $1.83B (67.5% of GDP) in the Gambia.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Burkina Faso
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Gambia
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Burkina Faso Gambia
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $330,442,816 $1,166,782,786 - -
1961 $350,247,234 $1,213,966,642 - -
1962 $379,567,099 $1,288,368,214 - -
1963 $394,040,667 $1,272,031,494 - -
1964 $410,321,645 $1,301,069,674 - -
1965 $422,916,790 $1,350,049,032 - -
1966 $433,889,766 $1,357,307,072 $44,212,081 $253,504,726
1967 $450,753,924 $1,477,066,551 $46,695,007 $253,504,726
1968 $460,442,689 $1,522,423,925 $41,160,066 $277,780,702
1969 $478,298,645 $1,553,269,468 $45,168,072 $284,546,115
1970 $458,404,269 $1,555,087,098 $52,296,084 $302,056,646
1971 $482,411,179 $1,577,065,764 $55,728,663 $301,857,660
1972 $578,595,522 $1,613,519,619 $59,160,569 $302,587,264
1973 $674,773,570 $1,620,769,605 $75,187,749 $330,577,582
1974 $751,133,430 $1,755,073,487 $95,796,022 $350,011,556
1975 $939,972,703 $1,807,697,310 $115,179,719 $393,389,990
1976 $976,547,188 $1,961,982,376 $112,190,829 $422,308,977
1977 $1,131,224,878 $1,969,248,648 $138,093,099 $436,834,615
1978 $1,475,583,645 $2,059,988,180 $171,833,086 $464,427,039
1979 $1,748,480,621 $2,135,478,950 $207,112,628 $458,258,597
1980 $1,928,719,888 $2,152,496,130 $241,083,090 $486,991,776
1981 $1,775,842,334 $2,244,091,371 $218,767,743 $503,169,127
1982 $1,754,450,096 $2,458,675,800 $216,050,552 $499,321,983
1983 $1,600,278,605 $2,467,182,444 $213,448,585 $553,664,332
1984 $1,459,880,132 $2,423,298,751 $177,340,880 $573,237,790
1985 $1,552,493,196 $2,629,699,951 $225,726,359 $568,581,582
1986 $2,036,303,358 $2,838,902,120 $185,646,987 $591,842,657
1987 $2,369,834,950 $2,832,192,750 $220,626,484 $606,368,444
1988 $2,616,040,479 $2,996,335,114 $266,672,212 $633,514,510
1989 $2,615,587,734 $3,060,764,327 $284,120,329 $670,864,764
1990 $3,101,300,779 $3,042,310,108 $317,083,695 $694,740,031
1991 $3,135,045,584 $3,318,247,161 $690,311,081 $716,325,877
1992 $3,356,692,505 $3,325,969,080 $714,254,256 $740,528,299
1993 $3,199,536,465 $3,441,093,673 $755,040,974 $762,833,762
1994 $1,895,290,637 $3,486,344,305 $746,493,952 $764,011,165
1995 $2,379,517,975 $3,685,636,779 $785,999,865 $770,748,584
1996 $2,586,550,595 $4,091,600,230 $848,239,446 $787,886,530
1997 $2,447,669,102 $4,350,059,855 $803,633,342 $826,492,963
1998 $2,804,902,367 $4,667,950,033 $840,285,265 $855,420,206
1999 $3,389,566,713 $5,013,156,038 $814,724,032 $910,167,091
2000 $2,968,370,088 $5,107,828,181 $782,913,872 $960,226,283
2001 $3,190,371,081 $5,445,629,584 $687,410,645 $1,015,919,410
2002 $3,622,350,063 $5,682,675,870 $578,235,309 $982,902,028
2003 $4,740,768,143 $6,126,066,307 $487,038,685 $1,050,427,393
2004 $5,451,688,538 $6,400,419,255 $961,900,651 $1,124,482,525
2005 $6,146,353,173 $6,954,815,456 $1,027,701,068 $1,098,037,739
2006 $6,547,419,820 $7,389,711,521 $1,054,112,488 $1,091,937,250
2007 $7,625,722,837 $7,693,530,570 $1,279,703,047 $1,125,167,625
2008 $9,451,435,490 $8,139,754,707 $1,561,766,956 $1,195,557,049
2009 $9,450,696,873 $8,380,850,242 $1,450,142,509 $1,275,249,586
2010 $10,109,619,741 $9,088,720,452 $1,543,294,927 $1,350,595,614
2011 $12,080,295,978 $9,690,626,654 $1,409,693,597 $1,240,786,190
2012 $12,561,015,157 $10,315,931,044 $1,415,004,738 $1,305,822,858
2013 $13,444,300,486 $10,913,490,102 $1,375,609,453 $1,343,336,129
2014 $13,943,016,077 $11,385,699,970 $1,229,461,721 $1,324,430,252
2015 $11,832,159,316 $11,832,159,316 $1,378,176,609 $1,378,176,609
2016 $12,833,363,045 $12,537,116,612 $1,484,578,886 $1,404,959,537
2017 $14,106,955,615 $13,314,855,313 $1,504,909,463 $1,472,715,274
2018 $15,890,066,221 $14,194,244,129 $1,670,671,328 $1,579,264,609
2019 $16,032,813,503 $15,030,172,259 $1,813,609,692 $1,677,527,292
2020 $17,725,010,533 $15,332,394,849 $1,812,170,891 $1,687,449,653
2021 $19,697,516,284 $16,396,850,183 $2,014,158,842 $1,776,141,480
2022 $18,820,218,691 $16,642,350,340 $2,204,734,527 $1,873,704,901
2023 $20,324,617,845 $17,134,994,111 $2,396,111,021 $1,963,596,061
2024 $23,250,214,910 $17,989,191,218 $2,507,519,958 $2,076,438,382

Economic indicators

Burkina Faso Gambia
Gross domestic product
$23.3B
2024
$2.51B
2024
GDP rank
122/197
2024
173/197
2024
GDP growth
14.4%
2023-2024
4.65%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$987
2024
$909
2024
GDP per capita rank
179/197
2024
182/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$2,896
2024
$3,445
2024
Government debt
$12.2B
2024
$1.83B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
50.2%
2025
67.5%
2025
Government debt per person
$520
2024
$663
2024
Government debt per person rank
166/185
2024
157/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$2,810
2025
$753
2025
Income share by richest 10%
30.2%
2021
30.5%
2020
Income share by poorest 10%
3%
2021
2.6%
2020
Government expenditure, % of GDP
24.1%
2025
24%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
4.19%
2023-2024
11.6%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
17%
2023
Unemployment rate
3.44%
2024
6.48%
2023
Population
24497999
2871879

GDP per capita in Burkina Faso vs Gambia

Burkina Faso's GDP per capita is $987, ranking 179/197, compared to $909 in the Gambia, ranking 182/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Burkina Faso ranks 182nd at $2,896, while the Gambia ranks 172nd at $3,445.

Burkina Faso
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Gambia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Burkina Faso Gambia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $69.2 - - -
1961 $72.2 - - -
1962 $77.2 - - -
1963 $78.9 - - -
1964 $80.9 - - -
1965 $82.1 - - -
1966 $82.8 - $94.4 -
1967 $84.6 - $97 -
1968 $85 - $83.1 -
1969 $86.8 - $88.7 -
1970 $81.7 - $99.8 -
1971 $84.5 - $103.3 -
1972 $99.6 - $106.5 -
1973 $114.1 - $131.4 -
1974 $124.7 - $162.6 -
1975 $152.9 - $189.8 -
1976 $155.5 - $179.3 -
1977 $176 - $213.8 -
1978 $223.9 - $257.6 -
1979 $258.5 - $300 -
1980 $277.6 - $338 -
1981 $248.7 - $296 -
1982 $239 - $282.1 -
1983 $211.9 - $268.6 -
1984 $187.8 - $214.8 -
1985 $194.1 - $262.8 -
1986 $247.5 - $207.7 -
1987 $280.2 - $237 -
1988 $301 - $274.9 -
1989 $293.2 - $280.9 -
1990 $339 $567 $301 $1,409
1991 $334 $623 $628 $1,440
1992 $349 $623 $623 $1,462
1993 $324 $644 $635 $1,487
1994 $187.2 $650 $608 $1,473
1995 $229.1 $684 $622 $1,472
1996 $242.7 $753 $652 $1,489
1997 $223.9 $794 $600 $1,544
1998 $249.5 $838 $610 $1,572
1999 $292.8 $886 $575 $1,649
2000 $248.9 $896 $538 $1,731
2001 $259.5 $948 $460 $1,823
2002 $285.7 $974 $377 $1,744
2003 $362 $1,038 $309 $1,850
2004 $404 $1,079 $593 $1,979
2005 $441 $1,172 $616 $1,938
2006 $456 $1,244 $615 $1,931
2007 $515 $1,290 $725 $1,985
2008 $619 $1,351 $859 $2,088
2009 $602 $1,360 $775 $2,177
2010 $625 $1,449 $801 $2,267
2011 $725 $1,531 $711 $2,064
2012 $731 $1,572 $693 $2,065
2013 $760 $1,643 $654 $2,007
2014 $765 $1,661 $568 $1,934
2015 $630 $1,692 $620 $1,990
2016 $664 $1,882 $650 $2,013
2017 $709 $2,042 $643 $2,039
2018 $777 $2,073 $696 $2,277
2019 $765 $2,232 $738 $2,422
2020 $825 $2,381 $720 $2,531
2021 $896 $2,486 $782 $2,778
2022 $836 $2,642 $836 $3,067
2023 $883 $2,755 $888 $3,254
2024 $987 $2,896 $909 $3,445

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Burkina Faso's government spending was $6.21B, accounting for 24.1% of its GDP, while the Gambia's spent $612M, or 24% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 50.2% in Burkina Faso and 67.5% in the Gambia, ranking 110/185 and 62/185, respectively.

Burkina Faso
Government spending

Government debt
Gambia
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Burkina Faso Gambia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1985 11.5% 28.5% - -
1986 16.3% 27.6% - -
1987 19.2% 30.7% - -
1988 16.2% 28.8% - -
1989 14.2% 25.5% - -
1990 18.4% 25.6% - -
1991 17% 28.7% - -
1992 16.7% 29.6% - -
1993 17.9% 33.6% - -
1994 17.8% 55.1% - -
1995 19.4% 48.9% - -
1996 19.8% 45.8% - -
1997 20% 48.4% - -
1998 19.7% 47.7% - -
1999 21.4% 46.4% - -
2000 19.8% 47.5% 9.54% 73.3%
2001 19.7% 46.6% 9.68% 75.2%
2002 19.5% 43.3% 8.59% 93.9%
2003 17.6% 39.7% 9.3% 91.7%
2004 20.3% 40.7% 12.4% 81.3%
2005 20.2% 39.2% 12.9% 82.6%
2006 21.9% 20.1% 14% 87.3%
2007 22.8% 22.4% 11.2% 38%
2008 18.6% 24.9% 11.6% 39.5%
2009 21.5% 25.9% 14.4% 38.9%
2010 21.7% 22.7% 14.6% 42.9%
2011 20.4% 28.4% 16.5% 49.2%
2012 22.7% 25.2% 19.1% 49.5%
2013 25.3% 25.9% 17.2% 58.2%
2014 20.9% 26.1% 19% 71.1%
2015 20.4% 31.3% 19.6% 69.4%
2016 21.6% 32.9% 19.4% 79.3%
2017 26.3% 33.9% 23.6% 87%
2018 24.2% 38.1% 19% 83.6%
2019 23.3% 41.7% 23.9% 83%
2020 24.4% 43.6% 25.3% 85.9%
2021 27.8% 55.4% 21.5% 83.1%
2022 31.3% 56.4% 22.6% 83.9%
2023 27.9% 52.7% 23.8% 75.7%
2024 26.7% 52.7% 24.4% 72.9%
2025 24.1% 50.2% 24% 67.5%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Burkina Faso's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$1.32B, equivalent to -5.68% of GDP. This compares to the Gambia's deficit of -$97.6M, or -3.89% of GDP.

Over the past 25 years, Burkina Faso recorded a fiscal deficit in 24 of those years, while the Gambia ran a deficit in 23 years. On average, Burkina Faso posted an annual deficit equal to -3.58% of GDP, compared to deficit of -2.98% of GDP for the Gambia.

Deficit/surplus
Burkina Faso

Gambia
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Burkina Faso Gambia
1985 -1.21% -
1986 -5.1% -
1987 -5.27% -
1988 -4.32% -
1989 1.96% -
1990 -7.54% -
1991 -2.77% -
1992 -2.51% -
1993 -3.81% -
1994 -1.89% -
1995 -2.65% -
1996 -1.67% -
1997 -2.64% -
1998 -2.6% -
1999 -3.29% -
2000 -3.03% -0.09%
2001 -3.56% -2.52%
2002 -4.43% 0.06%
2003 -1.79% -1.73%
2004 -4.19% -1.77%
2005 -4.89% -3.33%
2006 14.3% -3.19%
2007 -5.01% 0.27%
2008 -3.63% -0.45%
2009 -4.16% -1.65%
2010 -4.06% -2.93%
2011 -2.04% -3.03%
2012 -2.76% -2.85%
2013 -3.55% -5.11%
2014 -1.74% -3.94%
2015 -2.09% -5.38%
2016 -3.08% -6.22%
2017 -6.92% -4.35%
2018 -4.43% -3.92%
2019 -3.39% -2.75%
2020 -5.16% -2.37%
2021 -7.43% -4.77%
2022 -10.4% -5.01%
2023 -6.56% -3.52%
2024 -5.68% -3.89%
2025 -4.31% -1.35%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Burkina Faso has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.58%, compared with 6.55% in the Gambia. In 2024, inflation was 4.19% in Burkina Faso and 11.6% in the Gambia.

Inflation
Burkina Faso

Gambia
Year Inflation
Burkina Faso Gambia Burkina Faso Gambia
1996 6.1% 1.1%
1997 2.32% 2.78%
1998 5.08% 1.11%
1999 -1.07% 3.81%
2000 -0.3% 0.84%
2001 5.01% 4.49%
2002 2.18% 8.61%
2003 2.03% 17%
2004 -0.4% 14.2%
2005 6.42% 4.84%
2006 2.33% 2.06%
2007 -0.23% 5.37%
2008 10.7% 4.44%
2009 2.61% 4.56%
2010 -0.76% 5.05%
2011 2.76% 4.8%
2012 3.82% 4.25%
2013 0.53% 5.7%
2014 -0.26% 5.95%
2015 0.72% 6.81%
2016 0.44% 7.23%
2017 1.48% 8.03%
2018 1.96% 6.52%
2019 -3.23% 7.12%
2020 1.88% 5.93%
2021 3.65% 7.37%
2022 14.3% 11.5%
2023 0.74% 17%
2024 4.19% 11.6%

Top exports between countries

Burkina Faso
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $1.44M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $81K
Textiles & consumer goods $14K
Raw agricultural goods $12K
Chemicals & pharma $9K
Miscellaneous $7K
Metals $1K
Gambia
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $12K

Balance of trade

Burkina Faso Gambia
Current account balance
-$1.02B
2023
-$74.4M
2024
Current account balance ranking
121/189
2023
84/189
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-5%
2023
-2.97%
2024
Goods imports
$5.38B
2023
$1.39B
2024
Goods exports
$5.29B
2023
$363M
2024
Service imports
$1.45B
2023
$161M
2024
Service exports
$621M
2023
$475M
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
34.9%
2024
37.2%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
28.5%
2024
6.55%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Burkina Faso Gambia
Economic freedom 51 56.8
Economic freedom ranking 157/197 116/197
Property rights 28.1 55
Government integrity 40.7 39.5
Judicial effectiveness 35.7 45.2
Tax burden 82 79.3
Government spending 73.3 84.8
Fiscal health 13.7 56.9
Business freedom 38.6 50.6
Labor freedom 61.9 48
Monetary freedom 71.9 55.7
Trade freedom 61.4 66.8
Investment freedom 65 50
Financial freedom 40 50

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Burkina Faso is 51, ranking 157/197, compared to 56.8 for the Gambia, ranking 116/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Burkina Faso
Gambia
Year Economic freedom index
Burkina Faso Gambia
1996 49.4 -
1997 54 52.9
1998 54.5 53.4
1999 55 52.1
2000 55.7 52.7
2001 56.7 56.6
2002 58.8 57.7
2003 58.9 56.3
2004 58 55.3
2005 56.6 56.5
2006 55.8 57.3
2007 55.1 57.7
2008 55.7 56.9
2009 59.5 55.8
2010 59.4 55.1
2011 60.6 57.4
2012 60.6 58.8
2013 59.9 58.8
2014 58.9 59.5
2015 58.6 57.5
2016 59.1 57.1
2017 59.6 53.4
2018 60 52.3
2019 59.4 52.4
2020 56.7 56.3
2021 56.5 58.8
2022 58.3 58
2023 56.2 57.9
2024 51.9 58.2
2025 51 56.8

More economic indicators

Burkina Faso Gambia
Services, % of GDP
40.2%
2024
53.9%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
29.7%
2024
14.7%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
18.6%
2024
24.1%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$20.7B
2024
$2.46B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$2,770
2024
$3,400
2024
Total reserves including gold n/a
$629M
2024
Total reserves ranking n/a
151/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$64.3M
2023
-$232M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$82.9M
2024
$232M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$2.73M
2024
-$665K
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
4.41%
2023
2.33%
2023
Poverty at national poverty lines
43.2%
2021
53.4%
2020
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
27.1%
2024
39%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.