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Economy of Gambia vs Kiribati compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

The Gambia has a GDP of $2.51B compared to $308M for Kiribati, ranking 173/197 and 192/197 by economy size, respectively.

The Gambia has $1.83B in government debt (67.5% of GDP), compared to $30.5M (8.77% of GDP) in Kiribati.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Gambia
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Kiribati
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Gambia Kiribati
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1966 $44,212,081 $253,504,726 - -
1967 $46,695,007 $253,504,726 - -
1968 $41,160,066 $277,780,702 - -
1969 $45,168,072 $284,546,115 - -
1970 $52,296,084 $302,056,646 $11,560,877 $84,746,575
1971 $55,728,663 $301,857,660 $12,356,134 $82,805,827
1972 $59,160,569 $302,587,264 $15,314,346 $92,808,131
1973 $75,187,749 $330,577,582 $25,645,040 $112,214,203
1974 $95,796,022 $350,011,556 $69,256,489 $163,050,326
1975 $115,179,719 $393,389,990 $44,547,454 $171,764,420
1976 $112,190,829 $422,308,977 $33,246,817 $125,786,121
1977 $138,093,099 $436,834,615 $31,335,459 $119,984,073
1978 $171,833,086 $464,427,039 $36,563,965 $121,255,417
1979 $207,112,628 $458,258,597 $34,466,197 $107,207,984
1980 $241,083,090 $486,991,776 $33,157,723 $106,050,818
1981 $218,767,743 $503,169,127 $35,267,489 $112,543,455
1982 $216,050,552 $499,321,983 $32,742,713 $111,316,560
1983 $213,448,585 $553,664,332 $31,000,546 $100,432,092
1984 $177,340,880 $573,237,790 $34,394,167 $114,410,720
1985 $225,726,359 $568,581,582 $26,126,615 $99,262,600
1986 $185,646,987 $591,842,657 $25,993,009 $96,815,059
1987 $220,626,484 $606,368,444 $29,554,413 $98,066,620
1988 $266,672,212 $633,514,510 $38,278,810 $119,685,813
1989 $284,120,329 $670,864,764 $37,645,319 $110,957,795
1990 $317,083,695 $694,740,031 $36,534,295 $103,872,769
1991 $690,311,081 $716,325,877 $41,247,792 $98,005,325
1992 $714,254,256 $740,528,299 $61,491,369 $121,486,649
1993 $755,040,974 $762,833,762 $58,953,596 $121,360,309
1994 $746,493,952 $764,011,165 $67,055,334 $123,842,439
1995 $785,999,865 $770,748,584 $68,596,395 $127,250,841
1996 $848,239,446 $787,886,530 $81,456,854 $127,184,611
1997 $803,633,342 $826,492,963 $80,205,807 $128,681,743
1998 $840,285,265 $855,420,206 $74,905,706 $134,398,139
1999 $814,724,032 $910,167,091 $77,323,978 $129,137,484
2000 $782,913,872 $960,226,283 $74,910,527 $137,844,792
2001 $687,410,645 $1,015,919,410 $64,935,850 $133,510,774
2002 $578,235,309 $982,902,028 $74,743,869 $135,442,881
2003 $487,038,685 $1,050,427,393 $96,105,619 $133,309,024
2004 $961,900,651 $1,124,482,525 $104,085,892 $132,497,215
2005 $1,027,701,068 $1,098,037,739 $113,895,437 $134,209,649
2006 $1,054,112,488 $1,091,937,250 $112,338,353 $141,962,853
2007 $1,279,703,047 $1,125,167,625 $138,054,946 $146,299,931
2008 $1,561,766,956 $1,195,557,049 $147,017,895 $141,933,271
2009 $1,450,142,509 $1,275,249,586 $140,177,384 $142,695,171
2010 $1,543,294,927 $1,350,595,614 $165,458,433 $144,444,545
2011 $1,409,693,597 $1,240,786,190 $195,970,140 $149,158,821
2012 $1,415,004,738 $1,305,822,858 $207,001,546 $157,815,491
2013 $1,375,609,453 $1,343,336,129 $201,730,861 $170,016,084
2014 $1,229,461,721 $1,324,430,252 $200,287,282 $172,164,514
2015 $1,378,176,609 $1,378,176,609 $191,559,399 $191,559,399
2016 $1,484,578,886 $1,404,959,537 $206,467,819 $205,137,195
2017 $1,504,909,463 $1,472,715,274 $222,875,736 $212,828,030
2018 $1,670,671,328 $1,579,264,609 $233,514,717 $220,233,253
2019 $1,813,609,692 $1,677,527,292 $216,985,388 $227,422,300
2020 $1,812,170,891 $1,687,449,653 $220,897,999 $224,083,588
2021 $2,014,158,842 $1,776,141,480 $285,259,894 $243,085,289
2022 $2,204,734,527 $1,873,704,901 $270,040,457 $254,185,355
2023 $2,396,111,021 $1,963,596,061 $288,610,732 $260,926,379
2024 $2,507,519,958 $2,076,438,382 $307,862,547 $274,669,108

Economic indicators

Gambia Kiribati
Gross domestic product
$2.51B
2024
$308M
2024
GDP rank
173/197
2024
192/197
2024
GDP growth
4.65%
2023-2024
6.67%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$909
2024
$2,289
2024
GDP per capita rank
182/197
2024
151/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$3,445
2024
$3,702
2024
Government debt
$1.83B
2024
$30.5M
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
67.5%
2025
8.77%
2025
Government debt per person
$663
2024
$226.9
2024
Government debt per person rank
157/185
2024
181/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$753
2025
$2,170
2025
Income share by richest 10%
30.5%
2020
22.8%
2019
Income share by poorest 10%
2.6%
2020
4%
2019
Government expenditure, % of GDP
24%
2025
126.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
11.6%
2023-2024
7.8%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
17%
2023
n/a
Unemployment rate
6.48%
2023
2.79%
2023
Population
2871879
138067

GDP per capita in Gambia vs Kiribati

The Gambia's GDP per capita is $909, ranking 182/197, compared to $2,289 in Kiribati, ranking 151/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), the Gambia ranks 172nd at $3,445, while Kiribati ranks 169th at $3,702.

Gambia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Kiribati
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Gambia Kiribati
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1966 $94.4 - - -
1967 $97 - - -
1968 $83.1 - - -
1969 $88.7 - - -
1970 $99.8 - $201 -
1971 $103.3 - $210.7 -
1972 $106.5 - $256.2 -
1973 $131.4 - $422 -
1974 $162.6 - $1,131 -
1975 $189.8 - $730 -
1976 $179.3 - $548 -
1977 $213.8 - $520 -
1978 $257.6 - $611 -
1979 $300 - $573 -
1980 $338 - $542 -
1981 $296 - $568 -
1982 $282.1 - $519 -
1983 $268.6 - $483 -
1984 $214.8 - $527 -
1985 $262.8 - $393 -
1986 $207.7 - $382 -
1987 $237 - $424 -
1988 $274.9 - $536 -
1989 $280.9 - $515 -
1990 $301 $1,409 $488 $1,192
1991 $628 $1,440 $540 $1,139
1992 $623 $1,462 $792 $1,421
1993 $635 $1,487 $748 $1,431
1994 $608 $1,473 $838 $1,469
1995 $622 $1,472 $844 $1,518
1996 $652 $1,489 $986 $1,519
1997 $600 $1,544 $953 $1,535
1998 $610 $1,572 $874 $1,593
1999 $575 $1,649 $887 $1,526
2000 $538 $1,731 $845 $1,638
2001 $460 $1,823 $719 $1,591
2002 $377 $1,744 $810 $1,605
2003 $309 $1,850 $1,021 $1,578
2004 $593 $1,979 $1,083 $1,579
2005 $616 $1,938 $1,162 $1,617
2006 $615 $1,931 $1,123 $1,728
2007 $725 $1,985 $1,353 $1,792
2008 $859 $2,088 $1,411 $1,735
2009 $775 $2,177 $1,317 $1,718
2010 $801 $2,267 $1,522 $1,724
2011 $711 $2,064 $1,771 $1,786
2012 $693 $2,065 $1,844 $1,896
2013 $654 $2,007 $1,772 $2,049
2014 $568 $1,934 $1,737 $2,084
2015 $620 $1,990 $1,640 $2,311
2016 $650 $2,013 $1,743 $2,463
2017 $643 $2,039 $1,853 $2,562
2018 $696 $2,277 $1,913 $2,672
2019 $738 $2,422 $1,751 $2,763
2020 $720 $2,531 $1,752 $2,711
2021 $782 $2,778 $2,222 $3,020
2022 $836 $3,067 $2,070 $3,329
2023 $888 $3,254 $2,178 $3,486
2024 $909 $3,445 $2,289 $3,702

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, the Gambia's government spending was $612M, accounting for 24% of its GDP, while Kiribati's spent $302M, or 126.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 67.5% in the Gambia and 8.77% in Kiribati, ranking 62/185 and 180/185, respectively.

Gambia
Government spending

Government debt
Kiribati
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Gambia Kiribati
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1990 - - 105.5% 7.72%
1991 - - 82.1% 8.43%
1992 - - 65.9% 7.31%
1993 - - 55.3% 10.9%
1994 - - 54.6% 12.3%
1995 - - 69.6% 12.3%
1996 - - 68.4% 11%
1997 - - 70.9% 10.7%
1998 - - 74.7% 9.81%
1999 - - 77.6% 11.8%
2000 9.54% 73.3% 66% 12.7%
2001 9.68% 75.2% 101.3% 17%
2002 8.59% 93.9% 96.9% 13.3%
2003 9.3% 91.7% 84.4% 12.3%
2004 12.4% 81.3% 103.8% 13.6%
2005 12.9% 82.6% 95.6% 12.1%
2006 14% 87.3% 82.1% 12.9%
2007 11.2% 38% 77.3% 11.1%
2008 11.6% 39.5% 79.4% 13.9%
2009 14.4% 38.9% 74.7% 10.3%
2010 14.6% 42.9% 75.7% 9.43%
2011 16.5% 49.2% 80.9% 8.8%
2012 19.1% 49.5% 83.9% 8.13%
2013 17.2% 58.2% 78% 8.86%
2014 19% 71.1% 101.2% 8.97%
2015 19.6% 69.4% 90.9% 18.8%
2016 19.4% 79.3% 99% 21.2%
2017 23.6% 87% 92.1% 20.2%
2018 19% 83.6% 108.8% 19%
2019 23.9% 83% 108.3% 19%
2020 25.3% 85.9% 102.2% 21%
2021 21.5% 83.1% 84% 17.3%
2022 22.6% 83.9% 87.5% 16.3%
2023 23.8% 75.7% 95.3% 11.4%
2024 24.4% 72.9% 98.1% 9.92%
2025 24% 67.5% 126.6% 8.77%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, the Gambia's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$97.6M, equivalent to -3.89% of GDP. This compares to Kiribati's deficit of -$67.7M, or -22% of GDP.

Over the past 25 years, the Gambia recorded a fiscal deficit in 23 of those years, while Kiribati ran a deficit in 15 years. On average, the Gambia posted an annual deficit equal to -2.98% of GDP, compared to deficit of -0.55% of GDP for Kiribati.

Deficit/surplus
Gambia

Kiribati
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Gambia Kiribati
1990 - -4.62%
1991 - 3.87%
1992 - 0.79%
1993 - 6.27%
1994 - 0.74%
1995 - -5.14%
1996 - -20.2%
1997 - 5.92%
1998 - 14.6%
1999 - -1.81%
2000 -0.09% -0.03%
2001 -2.52% -10.9%
2002 0.06% 3.13%
2003 -1.73% -8.93%
2004 -1.77% -19.2%
2005 -3.33% -9.96%
2006 -3.19% -12.3%
2007 0.27% -12.5%
2008 -0.45% -15.8%
2009 -1.65% -8.56%
2010 -2.93% -7.8%
2011 -3.03% -17.6%
2012 -2.85% -5.43%
2013 -5.11% 11.8%
2014 -3.94% 35%
2015 -5.38% 42.5%
2016 -6.22% 20.1%
2017 -4.35% 34.1%
2018 -3.92% 5.18%
2019 -2.75% 10.8%
2020 -2.37% 3.57%
2021 -4.77% -10.8%
2022 -5.01% -18.3%
2023 -3.52% 0.13%
2024 -3.89% -22%
2025 -1.35% -15.1%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, the Gambia has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 6.55%, compared with 2.11% in Kiribati. In 2024, inflation was 11.6% in the Gambia and 7.8% in Kiribati.

Inflation
Gambia

Kiribati
Year Inflation
Gambia Kiribati Gambia Kiribati
1996 1.1% -1.7%
1997 2.78% 2.6%
1998 1.11% 3.7%
1999 3.81% 1.8%
2000 0.84% 0.4%
2001 4.49% 6%
2002 8.61% 3.2%
2003 17% 1.6%
2004 14.2% -0.7%
2005 4.84% -0.4%
2006 2.06% -1%
2007 5.37% 3.6%
2008 4.44% 13.7%
2009 4.56% 9.8%
2010 5.05% -3.9%
2011 4.8% 1.5%
2012 4.25% -3%
2013 5.7% -1.5%
2014 5.95% 2.1%
2015 6.81% 0.6%
2016 7.23% 1.9%
2017 8.03% 0.4%
2018 6.52% 0.6%
2019 7.12% -1.8%
2020 5.93% 2.6%
2021 7.37% 2.1%
2022 11.5% 5.3%
2023 17% 9.3%
2024 11.6% 2.5%
2025 - 7.8%

Balance of trade

Gambia Kiribati
Current account balance
-$74.4M
2024
-$59.5M
2024
Current account balance ranking
84/189
2024
81/189
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-2.97%
2024
-19.3%
2024
Goods imports
$1.39B
2024
$227M
2024
Goods exports
$363M
2024
$8.49M
2024
Service imports
$161M
2024
$108M
2024
Service exports
$475M
2024
$7M
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
37.2%
2024
94.9%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
6.55%
2024
6.27%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Gambia Kiribati
Economic freedom 56.8 50.9
Economic freedom ranking 116/197 159/197
Property rights 55 68.5
Government integrity 39.5 48.9
Judicial effectiveness 45.2 59.9
Tax burden 79.3 72.9
Government spending 84.8 0
Fiscal health 56.9 19.7
Business freedom 50.6 62.8
Labor freedom 48 65.3
Monetary freedom 55.7 72.5
Trade freedom 66.8 80
Investment freedom 50 30
Financial freedom 50 30

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for the Gambia is 56.8, ranking 116/197, compared to 50.9 for Kiribati, ranking 159/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Gambia
Kiribati
Year Economic freedom index
Gambia Kiribati
1997 52.9 -
1998 53.4 -
1999 52.1 -
2000 52.7 -
2001 56.6 -
2002 57.7 -
2003 56.3 -
2004 55.3 -
2005 56.5 -
2006 57.3 -
2007 57.7 -
2008 56.9 -
2009 55.8 45.7
2010 55.1 43.7
2011 57.4 44.8
2012 58.8 46.9
2013 58.8 45.9
2014 59.5 46.3
2015 57.5 46.4
2016 57.1 46.2
2017 53.4 50.9
2018 52.3 50.8
2019 52.4 47.3
2020 56.3 45.2
2021 58.8 44.4
2022 58 59.2
2023 57.9 58.8
2024 58.2 51.3
2025 56.8 50.9

More economic indicators

Gambia Kiribati
Services, % of GDP
53.9%
2024
65.7%
2022
Industry, % of GDP
14.7%
2024
9.86%
2022
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
24.1%
2024
27.8%
2022
GNI, Atlas method
$2.46B
2024
$487M
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$3,400
2024
$5,990
2024
Total reserves including gold
$629M
2024
n/a
Total reserves ranking
151/177
2024
n/a
Net foreign direct investment
-$232M
2024
-$8.06M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$232M
2024
$8.07M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
-$665K
2024
$16.4K
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
2.33%
2023
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
53.4%
2020
5.5%
2023
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
39%
2024
20.4%
2022

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.