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Economy of Antigua and Barbuda vs Nicaragua compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Antigua and Barbuda has a GDP of $2.22B compared to $19.7B for Nicaragua, ranking 175/197 and 131/197 by economy size, respectively.

Antigua and Barbuda has $1.49B in government debt (63.4% of GDP), compared to $7.7B (38.4% of GDP) in Nicaragua.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Antigua and Barbuda
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Nicaragua
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Antigua Nicaragua
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 - - $227,223,322 $2,980,615,374
1961 - - $244,144,237 $3,204,094,266
1962 - - $269,283,804 $3,553,045,711
1963 - - $297,324,163 $3,939,101,155
1964 - - $347,119,918 $4,399,916,078
1965 - - $564,290,020 $4,819,014,941
1966 - - $607,140,010 $4,978,097,197
1967 - - $657,140,011 $5,325,046,369
1968 - - $692,859,985 $5,396,559,615
1969 - - $750,000,003 $5,733,181,025
1970 - - $778,569,939 $5,810,798,354
1971 - - $828,569,953 $6,002,831,090
1972 - - $878,570,045 $6,136,137,334
1973 - - $1,092,900,015 $6,529,894,124
1974 - - $1,521,400,012 $7,456,644,457
1975 - - $1,581,599,959 $7,445,217,381
1976 - - $1,836,899,999 $7,833,072,593
1977 $77,507,407 $387,163,203 $2,226,999,874 $8,488,581,747
1978 $88,040,741 $404,134,550 $2,127,699,979 $7,823,178,770
1979 $109,596,296 $436,786,384 $1,567,599,982 $5,751,695,781
1980 $132,451,852 $472,436,818 $2,144,300,006 $6,016,948,592
1981 $149,388,889 $490,457,676 $2,474,700,227 $6,339,655,005
1982 $166,444,444 $490,048,111 $2,454,499,872 $6,287,900,476
1983 $184,866,667 $516,333,404 $2,753,100,058 $6,577,974,632
1984 $212,214,815 $568,819,883 $3,117,599,872 $6,474,957,371
1985 $246,370,370 $612,299,589 $2,683,699,935 $6,210,659,228
1986 $297,562,963 $682,675,280 $2,885,799,994 $6,147,477,622
1987 $346,866,667 $727,910,265 $3,851,200,118 $6,104,054,733
1988 $411,396,296 $765,857,188 $2,630,900,096 $5,344,110,782
1989 $455,174,074 $806,082,317 $1,013,184,756 $5,251,218,576
1990 $478,718,519 $830,360,010 $1,009,455,484 $5,248,461,701
1991 $504,337,037 $848,435,720 $1,488,804,124 $5,238,527,334
1992 $525,133,333 $858,265,279 $1,792,800,000 $5,258,766,205
1993 $565,662,963 $903,580,714 $1,756,454,248 $5,238,102,617
1994 $625,081,481 $963,907,436 $3,863,185,119 $5,412,936,136
1995 $616,051,852 $921,883,147 $4,140,470,000 $5,732,943,937
1996 $679,140,741 $982,773,021 $4,308,351,903 $6,096,657,285
1997 $734,422,222 $1,036,543,047 $4,389,973,490 $6,338,490,398
1998 $789,788,889 $1,085,584,792 $4,635,347,386 $6,573,754,971
1999 $835,544,444 $1,125,835,518 $4,856,026,259 $7,036,282,429
2000 $901,003,704 $1,195,677,312 $5,109,587,050 $7,324,881,903
2001 $877,774,074 $1,141,296,595 $5,351,752,034 $7,541,760,192
2002 $898,092,593 $1,153,020,391 $5,223,727,303 $7,598,620,454
2003 $948,100,000 $1,223,085,251 $5,322,228,351 $7,790,161,380
2004 $1,026,329,630 $1,293,621,842 $5,792,932,838 $8,203,988,040
2005 $1,143,896,296 $1,377,366,903 $6,321,324,279 $8,555,315,487
2006 $1,303,674,074 $1,552,404,720 $6,763,672,381 $8,910,613,085
2007 $1,487,381,481 $1,697,014,056 $7,423,375,015 $9,362,947,173
2008 $1,557,640,741 $1,696,776,362 $8,496,967,597 $9,684,631,534
2009 $1,386,518,519 $1,493,793,051 $8,298,702,489 $9,365,749,046
2010 $1,298,348,148 $1,376,672,105 $8,758,602,233 $9,778,787,862
2011 $1,287,359,259 $1,349,706,642 $9,774,329,333 $10,396,483,140
2012 $1,364,729,630 $1,395,234,173 $10,532,017,232 $11,071,852,873
2013 $1,325,496,296 $1,386,849,062 $10,982,988,249 $11,617,373,487
2014 $1,378,707,407 $1,417,336,053 $11,880,438,824 $12,173,318,264
2015 $1,437,485,185 $1,437,485,185 $12,756,696,261 $12,756,696,261
2016 $1,489,603,704 $1,496,714,858 $13,286,093,388 $13,338,803,114
2017 $1,534,855,556 $1,537,316,640 $13,785,893,007 $13,956,550,775
2018 $1,661,529,630 $1,640,501,408 $13,025,221,974 $13,487,142,195
2019 $1,726,448,148 $1,692,541,753 $12,699,023,614 $13,096,437,236
2020 $1,411,637,037 $1,373,179,832 $12,726,422,432 $12,803,529,948
2021 $1,602,125,926 $1,485,407,940 $14,209,020,362 $14,142,060,837
2022 $1,866,566,667 $1,620,696,017 $15,634,572,502 $14,644,146,346
2023 $2,005,785,185 $1,660,036,193 $17,805,842,284 $15,292,551,635
2024 $2,224,814,815 $1,731,874,615 $19,693,982,968 $15,841,222,425

Economic indicators

Antigua Nicaragua
Gross domestic product
$2.22B
2024
$19.7B
2024
GDP rank
175/197
2024
131/197
2024
GDP growth
10.9%
2023-2024
10.6%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$23,726
2024
$2,848
2024
GDP per capita rank
52/197
2024
141/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$33,602
2024
$8,709
2024
Government debt
$1.49B
2024
$7.7B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
63.4%
2025
38.4%
2025
Government debt per person
$15,910
2024
$1,114
2024
Government debt per person rank
38/185
2024
139/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$15,556
2025
$2,445
2025
Income share by richest 10% n/a
37.2%
2014
Income share by poorest 10% n/a
2%
2014
Government expenditure, % of GDP
21.2%
2025
27.2%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
3.5%
2024-2025
2%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate n/a
6.5%
2024
Unemployment rate
5.37%
2023
5.2%
2018
Population
94540
7079664

GDP per capita in Antigua and Barbuda vs Nicaragua

Antigua and Barbuda's GDP per capita is $23,726, ranking 52/197, compared to $2,848 in Nicaragua, ranking 141/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Antigua and Barbuda ranks 65th at $33,602, while Nicaragua ranks 135th at $8,709.

Antigua and Barbuda
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Nicaragua
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Antigua Nicaragua
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 - - $127.5 -
1961 - - $132.9 -
1962 - - $142.3 -
1963 - - $152.5 -
1964 - - $172.7 -
1965 - - $272.3 -
1966 - - $284 -
1967 - - $297.9 -
1968 - - $304 -
1969 - - $319 -
1970 - - $321 -
1971 - - $331 -
1972 - - $341 -
1973 - - $413 -
1974 - - $557 -
1975 - - $561 -
1976 - - $633 -
1977 $1,214 - $744 -
1978 $1,375 - $691 -
1979 $1,705 - $495 -
1980 $2,053 - $659 -
1981 $2,310 - $740 -
1982 $2,569 - $714 -
1983 $2,847 - $780 -
1984 $3,271 - $861 -
1985 $3,814 - $724 -
1986 $4,629 - $761 -
1987 $5,424 - $992 -
1988 $6,466 - $662 -
1989 $7,188 - $249.2 -
1990 $7,591 $12,996 $242.5 $1,979
1991 $7,956 $13,658 $350 $1,995
1992 $8,154 $13,908 $411 $2,003
1993 $8,625 $14,720 $394 $1,998
1994 $9,351 $15,736 $849 $2,064
1995 $9,034 $15,062 $892 $2,187
1996 $9,756 $16,017 $911 $2,325
1997 $10,336 $16,836 $913 $2,418
1998 $10,907 $17,496 $949 $2,497
1999 $11,342 $18,088 $980 $2,672
2000 $12,027 $19,319 $1,017 $2,806
2001 $11,539 $18,569 $1,052 $2,917
2002 $11,659 $18,813 $1,014 $2,948
2003 $12,173 $20,127 $1,021 $3,046
2004 $13,038 $21,629 $1,099 $3,255
2005 $14,369 $23,485 $1,183 $3,456
2006 $16,174 $26,949 $1,248 $3,658
2007 $18,205 $29,851 $1,350 $3,891
2008 $18,787 $29,978 $1,524 $4,044
2009 $16,472 $26,157 $1,467 $3,880
2010 $15,217 $24,071 $1,527 $4,042
2011 $14,912 $23,804 $1,680 $4,325
2012 $15,640 $23,012 $1,785 $4,508
2013 $15,052 $21,761 $1,835 $4,711
2014 $15,532 $21,671 $1,958 $5,068
2015 $16,078 $20,985 $2,074 $5,449
2016 $16,557 $21,320 $2,132 $5,882
2017 $16,966 $21,422 $2,183 $6,225
2018 $18,273 $24,524 $2,035 $5,935
2019 $18,896 $26,551 $1,959 $5,981
2020 $15,370 $22,370 $1,938 $6,274
2021 $17,349 $25,745 $2,138 $7,119
2022 $20,105 $29,934 $2,323 $7,797
2023 $21,495 $31,602 $2,609 $8,320
2024 $23,726 $33,602 $2,848 $8,709

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Antigua and Barbuda's government spending was $421M, accounting for 21.2% of its GDP, while Nicaragua's spent $5.14B, or 27.2% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 63.4% in Antigua and Barbuda and 38.4% in Nicaragua, ranking 71/185 and 140/185, respectively.

Antigua and Barbuda
Government spending

Government debt
Nicaragua
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Antigua Nicaragua
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1960 - - 11.2% -
1961 - - 9.93% -
1962 - - 10.6% -
1963 - - 10.5% -
1964 - - 10.2% -
1965 - - 10.9% -
1966 - - 12.2% -
1967 - - 12.7% -
1968 - - 10.9% -
1969 - - 11.1% -
1970 - - 13.2% 35.4%
1971 - - 15.1% 31.6%
1972 - - 15.1% 30.2%
1973 - - 12.8% 32.9%
1974 - - 15.3% 40%
1975 - - 17.5% 57.8%
1976 - - 16.2% 59.5%
1977 - - 19.9% 62.7%
1978 - - 17.7% 76.9%
1979 - - 20.7% 116.3%
1980 - - 30.4% 152.1%
1981 - - 39.3% 149.1%
1982 - - 49.4% 159.1%
1983 - - 33.8% 211.6%
1984 - - 31.9% 198%
1985 - - 29.9% 218%
1986 - - 26.1% 159.2%
1987 - - - 266.6%
1988 - - 24.8% -
1989 - - - -
1990 18.1% 94.1% 28.2% -
1991 20.8% 94.6% 16.8% -
1992 18.7% 90.8% 18.4% -
1993 19.4% 85.3% 18.4% -
1994 21.2% 84.5% 18.4% -
1995 21% 92.1% 17.7% -
1996 19.6% 85.5% 18% -
1997 16.8% 80.6% 17.9% 86.4%
1998 20.7% 94.6% 18.5% 86.5%
1999 20.3% 95.9% 22.1% 99.8%
2000 21.1% 96.4% 20.6% 95.2%
2001 24.2% 107.6% 19.2% 87.5%
2002 26.3% 114.5% 18.7% 110.4%
2003 24.2% 113% 20.9% 109.5%
2004 21.9% 107.7% 20.8% 84%
2005 21.5% 82.8% 21.3% 66.6%
2006 26% 79.1% 21.4% 51.2%
2007 23.8% 68.7% 21.5% 30.9%
2008 23.2% 66.8% 21.9% 26%
2009 32.1% 89.2% 22.7% 29.3%
2010 20% 79.4% 22.6% 30.3%
2011 21.1% 81.1% 23.5% 28.8%
2012 18.5% 76.9% 24.1% 27.9%
2013 20.7% 85.4% 24.2% 28.8%
2014 20.9% 91.9% 24.6% 28.7%
2015 24.8% 92.1% 25.4% 28.9%
2016 23.8% 83.1% 26.8% 30.9%
2017 22.6% 88.2% 27.3% 34.7%
2018 21.5% 84.3% 27.7% 39.1%
2019 22.1% 81.6% 27.7% 44.2%
2020 26% 100.5% 28.9% 49.2%
2021 23.4% 93% 30% 48.4%
2022 20.7% 82% 28.6% 45.9%
2023 18.8% 76.3% 26.1% 42.3%
2024 18.9% 67.1% 26.1% 39.1%
2025 21.2% 63.4% 27.2% 38.4%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Antigua and Barbuda's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $55M, equivalent to 2.47% of GDP. This compares to Nicaragua's surplus of $482M, or 2.45% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Antigua and Barbuda recorded a fiscal deficit in 32 of those years, while Nicaragua ran a deficit in 20 years. On average, Antigua and Barbuda posted an annual deficit equal to -3.6% of GDP, compared to deficit of -1.5% of GDP for Nicaragua.

Deficit/surplus
Antigua and Barbuda

Nicaragua
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Antigua Nicaragua
1960 - -1.28%
1961 - 0.04%
1962 - -0.29%
1963 - 0.75%
1964 - 0.2%
1965 - 0.3%
1966 - -1.04%
1967 - -2.11%
1968 - -1.21%
1969 - -1.57%
1970 - -2.69%
1971 - -2.33%
1972 - -2.61%
1973 - 1.21%
1974 - -1.41%
1975 - -3.53%
1976 - -2.2%
1977 - -5.91%
1978 - -4.44%
1979 - -5.89%
1980 - -6.53%
1981 - -10.6%
1982 - -20.2%
1983 - -15.6%
1984 - -11.8%
1985 - -11.3%
1986 - -7.33%
1987 - -7.33%
1988 - -22.4%
1989 - -9.25%
1990 0.12% -15.2%
1991 -3.91% -3.45%
1992 -0.81% -3.8%
1993 -2.45% -4.66%
1994 -4.33% -5.79%
1995 -3.89% -4.62%
1996 -1.61% -5%
1997 0% -3.31%
1998 -1.62% -2.88%
1999 -3.08% -6.86%
2000 -4.5% 2.15%
2001 -8.58% 0.34%
2002 -8.83% 2.07%
2003 -7.32% 1.3%
2004 -3.9% 1.69%
2005 -4.29% 1.72%
2006 -6.62% 1.36%
2007 -4.98% 1.88%
2008 -4.72% 0.27%
2009 -15.8% -0.9%
2010 -0.24% 0.69%
2011 -3.09% 0.59%
2012 -0.97% 0.22%
2013 -3.83% -0.3%
2014 -2.6% -0.89%
2015 -2.42% -1.64%
2016 -0.14% -1.92%
2017 -2.72% -1.75%
2018 -2.43% -4.35%
2019 -3.64% -1.12%
2020 -6.23% -2.57%
2021 -4.52% -1.26%
2022 -2.84% 0.65%
2023 -1.7% 2.33%
2024 2.47% 2.45%
2025 -1.3% 0.86%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 30 years, Antigua and Barbuda has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.3%, compared with 7.49% in Nicaragua. In 2025, inflation was 3.5% in Antigua and Barbuda and 2% in Nicaragua.

Inflation
Antigua and Barbuda

Nicaragua
Year Inflation
Antigua Nicaragua Antigua Nicaragua
1996 3% 11.7%
1997 0.4% 9.2%
1998 3.3% 13%
1999 1.1% 11.2%
2000 -0.2% 11.5%
2001 1.9% 7.4%
2002 2.4% 3.8%
2003 2% 5.3%
2004 2% 8.5%
2005 2.1% 9.6%
2006 1.8% 9.1%
2007 1.4% 11.1%
2008 5.3% 19.8%
2009 -0.6% 3.7%
2010 3.4% 5.5%
2011 3.5% 8.1%
2012 3.4% 7.2%
2013 1.1% 7.1%
2014 1.1% 6%
2015 1% 4%
2016 -0.5% 3.5%
2017 2.4% 3.9%
2018 1.2% 4.9%
2019 1.4% 5.4%
2020 1.1% 3.7%
2021 1.6% 4.9%
2022 7.5% 10.5%
2023 5.1% 8.4%
2024 6.2% 4.6%
2025 3.5% 2%

Top exports between countries

Antigua
Export category Export value
Nicaragua
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $33K

Balance of trade

Antigua Nicaragua
Current account balance
-$181M
2024
$818M
2024
Current account balance ranking
95/189
2024
54/189
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-8.15%
2024
+4.15%
2024
Goods imports
$726M
2024
$10.1B
2024
Goods exports
$72.1M
2024
$6.84B
2024
Service imports
$557M
2024
$1.31B
2024
Service exports
$1.24B
2024
$1.3B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
63%
2022
58.1%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
54.7%
2022
40.5%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Antigua Nicaragua
Economic freedom 56 54
Economic freedom ranking 123/197 139/197
Property rights n/a 28.2
Government integrity n/a 13.6
Judicial effectiveness n/a 9.1
Tax burden n/a 77.7
Government spending n/a 75.9
Fiscal health n/a 95.8
Business freedom n/a 55.8
Labor freedom n/a 47.3
Monetary freedom n/a 66.4
Trade freedom n/a 68.2
Investment freedom n/a 60
Financial freedom n/a 50

More economic indicators

Antigua Nicaragua
Services, % of GDP
69.1%
2023
46.8%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
19%
2023
27.6%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
1.94%
2023
14.4%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$2B
2024
$17.4B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$32,060
2024
$8,270
2024
Total reserves including gold
$358M
2024
$6.1B
2024
Total reserves ranking
164/177
2024
91/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$253M
2024
-$1.28B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$271M
2024
$1.35B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$17.9M
2024
$73.8M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
n/a
13.8%
2023
Poverty at national poverty lines n/a
24.9%
2016
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
n/a
24.7%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.