The latest officially reported population of Benin was 14,814,460 in 2025 vs 7,618,847 people in Turkmenistan in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Benin's population is 15,358,725 people compared to 7,800,189 in Turkmenistan.
Population statistics:
- Benin's population is 1.97 times bigger than Turkmenistan's.
- Benin is ranked the 76th most populous country in the world, while Turkmenistan is the 104th.
- The countries together account for 0.28% of the world: 0.18% for Benin vs 0.09% for Turkmenistan.
- For the last 10 years, Benin has had an average growth rate of +2.72% per year vs +2.08% in Turkmenistan.
- Since 2006, the population of Benin has increased from 8.69M people to 15.4M (76.7% growth), while Turkmenistan has grown from 5.15M to 7.8M (51.5% growth).
Benin vs Turkmenistan: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Benin
|
Turkmenistan
|
|
| 2100 | 39,983,872 | 10,041,228 |
| 2099 | 39,812,782 | 10,070,007 |
| 2098 | 39,635,737 | 10,097,571 |
| 2097 | 39,458,425 | 10,123,813 |
| 2096 | 39,267,189 | 10,148,560 |
| 2095 | 39,069,668 | 10,172,371 |
| 2094 | 38,861,643 | 10,194,567 |
| 2093 | 38,654,312 | 10,215,533 |
| 2092 | 38,438,555 | 10,235,132 |
| 2091 | 38,219,341 | 10,253,189 |
| 2090 | 37,994,758 | 10,270,414 |
| 2089 | 37,758,164 | 10,285,963 |
| 2088 | 37,514,605 | 10,300,439 |
| 2087 | 37,263,867 | 10,313,629 |
| 2086 | 37,010,840 | 10,325,212 |
| 2085 | 36,747,949 | 10,335,299 |
| 2084 | 36,482,666 | 10,343,821 |
| 2083 | 36,206,559 | 10,350,710 |
| 2082 | 35,919,464 | 10,356,526 |
| 2081 | 35,632,837 | 10,360,689 |
| 2080 | 35,340,781 | 10,363,394 |
| 2079 | 35,042,368 | 10,364,229 |
| 2078 | 34,737,536 | 10,363,113 |
| 2077 | 34,426,961 | 10,360,467 |
| 2076 | 34,112,205 | 10,356,079 |
| 2075 | 33,795,633 | 10,349,863 |
| 2074 | 33,465,867 | 10,342,496 |
| 2073 | 33,130,654 | 10,333,532 |
| 2072 | 32,785,976 | 10,322,776 |
| 2071 | 32,441,087 | 10,310,748 |
| 2070 | 32,088,089 | 10,297,702 |
| 2069 | 31,731,457 | 10,283,723 |
| 2068 | 31,377,153 | 10,268,779 |
| 2067 | 31,019,975 | 10,252,681 |
| 2066 | 30,659,408 | 10,235,535 |
| 2065 | 30,291,447 | 10,217,603 |
| 2064 | 29,919,749 | 10,198,228 |
| 2063 | 29,549,126 | 10,177,447 |
| 2062 | 29,175,986 | 10,155,121 |
| 2061 | 28,802,803 | 10,131,160 |
| 2060 | 28,426,146 | 10,105,616 |
| 2059 | 28,046,395 | 10,077,893 |
| 2058 | 27,667,117 | 10,047,185 |
| 2057 | 27,283,017 | 10,013,846 |
| 2056 | 26,900,755 | 9,977,699 |
| 2055 | 26,509,320 | 9,938,273 |
| 2054 | 26,115,455 | 9,895,840 |
| 2053 | 25,724,306 | 9,849,324 |
| 2052 | 25,327,058 | 9,799,331 |
| 2051 | 24,928,787 | 9,745,673 |
| 2050 | 24,529,464 | 9,688,197 |
| 2049 | 24,128,830 | 9,627,119 |
| 2048 | 23,727,047 | 9,562,502 |
| 2047 | 23,325,128 | 9,494,734 |
| 2046 | 22,919,519 | 9,423,990 |
| 2045 | 22,510,298 | 9,350,870 |
| 2044 | 22,107,673 | 9,275,707 |
| 2043 | 21,702,786 | 9,199,229 |
| 2042 | 21,296,676 | 9,121,705 |
| 2041 | 20,893,690 | 9,043,208 |
| 2040 | 20,492,059 | 8,964,374 |
| 2039 | 20,092,542 | 8,885,167 |
| 2038 | 19,693,130 | 8,805,836 |
| 2037 | 19,301,544 | 8,726,399 |
| 2036 | 18,910,879 | 8,646,796 |
| 2035 | 18,521,401 | 8,567,354 |
| 2034 | 18,136,190 | 8,487,651 |
| 2033 | 17,755,302 | 8,407,327 |
| 2032 | 17,378,392 | 8,326,172 |
| 2031 | 17,004,065 | 8,243,436 |
| 2030 | 16,635,301 | 8,158,380 |
| 2029 | 16,265,440 | 8,065,431 |
| 2028 | 15,899,231 | 7,964,546 |
| 2027 | 15,534,984 | 7,856,302 |
| 2026 | 15,172,565 | 7,740,924 |
| 2025 | 14,814,460 | 7,618,847 |
| 2024 | 14,462,724 | 7,494,498 |
| 2023 | 14,111,034 | 7,364,438 |
| 2022 | 13,759,501 | 7,230,193 |
| 2021 | 13,413,417 | 7,092,043 |
| 2020 | 13,070,169 | 6,949,912 |
| 2019 | 12,726,755 | 6,803,944 |
| 2018 | 12,383,347 | 6,655,524 |
| 2017 | 12,039,780 | 6,507,061 |
| 2016 | 11,697,842 | 6,360,041 |
| 2015 | 11,360,681 | 6,215,770 |
| 2014 | 11,030,004 | 6,075,283 |
| 2013 | 10,708,834 | 5,939,341 |
| 2012 | 10,397,657 | 5,808,546 |
| 2011 | 10,093,623 | 5,683,417 |
| 2010 | 9,797,484 | 5,564,356 |
| 2009 | 9,509,423 | 5,451,592 |
| 2008 | 9,228,466 | 5,345,029 |
| 2007 | 8,953,969 | 5,244,046 |
| 2006 | 8,693,242 | 5,147,105 |
| 2005 | 8,426,144 | 5,052,257 |
| 2004 | 8,159,094 | 4,958,093 |
| 2003 | 7,913,070 | 4,863,865 |
| 2002 | 7,675,426 | 4,769,465 |
| 2001 | 7,445,596 | 4,675,409 |
| 2000 | 7,221,619 | 4,582,677 |
| 1999 | 7,002,818 | 4,492,170 |
| 1998 | 6,789,489 | 4,410,507 |
| 1997 | 6,583,365 | 4,336,730 |
| 1996 | 6,391,858 | 4,263,819 |
| 1995 | 6,226,773 | 4,191,203 |
| 1994 | 6,096,506 | 4,116,662 |
| 1993 | 5,872,706 | 4,032,407 |
| 1992 | 5,617,844 | 3,944,689 |
| 1991 | 5,446,932 | 3,855,894 |
| 1990 | 5,281,479 | 3,760,562 |
| 1989 | 5,121,657 | 3,662,459 |
| 1988 | 4,967,341 | 3,559,363 |
| 1987 | 4,818,486 | 3,452,731 |
| 1986 | 4,675,420 | 3,347,809 |
| 1985 | 4,538,012 | 3,247,534 |
| 1984 | 4,405,895 | 3,154,079 |
| 1983 | 4,278,978 | 3,067,534 |
| 1982 | 4,156,596 | 2,985,557 |
| 1981 | 4,038,307 | 2,907,187 |
| 1980 | 3,925,251 | 2,832,203 |
| 1979 | 3,818,528 | 2,760,358 |
| 1978 | 3,718,305 | 2,691,088 |
| 1977 | 3,623,202 | 2,623,948 |
| 1976 | 3,532,196 | 2,558,521 |
| 1975 | 3,445,407 | 2,494,570 |
| 1974 | 3,362,633 | 2,432,028 |
| 1973 | 3,283,496 | 2,370,919 |
| 1972 | 3,207,543 | 2,311,430 |
| 1971 | 3,134,767 | 2,253,119 |
| 1970 | 3,065,057 | 2,195,616 |
| 1969 | 2,998,222 | 2,139,024 |
| 1968 | 2,934,257 | 2,083,069 |
| 1967 | 2,872,997 | 2,027,403 |
| 1966 | 2,814,317 | 1,971,737 |
| 1965 | 2,757,936 | 1,915,916 |
| 1964 | 2,704,003 | 1,859,997 |
| 1963 | 2,652,908 | 1,804,272 |
| 1962 | 2,604,659 | 1,749,214 |
| 1961 | 2,559,223 | 1,695,400 |
| 1960 | 2,517,286 | 1,643,457 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/benin/turkmenistan | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Benin increased by 3,004,600 people (a 34.6% growth), while Turkmenistan gained 1,212,936 people (a 23.6% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Benin gained 3,660,883 people (a 31.3% growth), while Turkmenistan's population increased by 1,440,148 people (a 22.6% growth).
Benin was ranked 89th most populous country in 2006 and is 76th in 2026. Turkmenistan was ranked 113th in 2006 and ranked 104th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Benin's population will grow by 59.7% to 24,529,464 people with a rank change from 76th to 68th. The population of Turkmenistan will increase by 24.2% to 9,688,197 people and rank change from 104th to 101st.
Benin is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 40M people compared to the peak of 10.4M people in 2079 for Turkmenistan.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Benin
|
Turkmenistan
|
|
| 2100 | 0.43% | -0.29% |
| 2099 | 0.45% | -0.27% |
| 2098 | 0.45% | -0.26% |
| 2097 | 0.49% | -0.24% |
| 2096 | 0.51% | -0.23% |
| 2095 | 0.54% | -0.22% |
| 2094 | 0.54% | -0.21% |
| 2093 | 0.56% | -0.19% |
| 2092 | 0.57% | -0.18% |
| 2091 | 0.59% | -0.17% |
| 2090 | 0.63% | -0.15% |
| 2089 | 0.65% | -0.14% |
| 2088 | 0.67% | -0.13% |
| 2087 | 0.68% | -0.11% |
| 2086 | 0.72% | -0.1% |
| 2085 | 0.73% | -0.08% |
| 2084 | 0.76% | -0.07% |
| 2083 | 0.8% | -0.06% |
| 2082 | 0.8% | -0.04% |
| 2081 | 0.83% | -0.03% |
| 2080 | 0.85% | -0.008% |
| 2079 | 0.88% | 0.01% |
| 2078 | 0.9% | 0.03% |
| 2077 | 0.92% | 0.04% |
| 2076 | 0.94% | 0.06% |
| 2075 | 0.99% | 0.07% |
| 2074 | 1.01% | 0.09% |
| 2073 | 1.05% | 0.1% |
| 2072 | 1.06% | 0.12% |
| 2071 | 1.1% | 0.13% |
| 2070 | 1.12% | 0.14% |
| 2069 | 1.13% | 0.15% |
| 2068 | 1.15% | 0.16% |
| 2067 | 1.18% | 0.17% |
| 2066 | 1.21% | 0.18% |
| 2065 | 1.24% | 0.19% |
| 2064 | 1.25% | 0.2% |
| 2063 | 1.28% | 0.22% |
| 2062 | 1.3% | 0.24% |
| 2061 | 1.33% | 0.25% |
| 2060 | 1.35% | 0.28% |
| 2059 | 1.37% | 0.31% |
| 2058 | 1.41% | 0.33% |
| 2057 | 1.42% | 0.36% |
| 2056 | 1.48% | 0.4% |
| 2055 | 1.51% | 0.43% |
| 2054 | 1.52% | 0.47% |
| 2053 | 1.57% | 0.51% |
| 2052 | 1.6% | 0.55% |
| 2051 | 1.63% | 0.59% |
| 2050 | 1.66% | 0.63% |
| 2049 | 1.69% | 0.68% |
| 2048 | 1.72% | 0.71% |
| 2047 | 1.77% | 0.75% |
| 2046 | 1.82% | 0.78% |
| 2045 | 1.82% | 0.81% |
| 2044 | 1.87% | 0.83% |
| 2043 | 1.91% | 0.85% |
| 2042 | 1.93% | 0.87% |
| 2041 | 1.96% | 0.88% |
| 2040 | 1.99% | 0.89% |
| 2039 | 2.03% | 0.9% |
| 2038 | 2.03% | 0.91% |
| 2037 | 2.07% | 0.92% |
| 2036 | 2.1% | 0.93% |
| 2035 | 2.12% | 0.94% |
| 2034 | 2.15% | 0.96% |
| 2033 | 2.17% | 0.97% |
| 2032 | 2.2% | 1% |
| 2031 | 2.22% | 1.04% |
| 2030 | 2.27% | 1.15% |
| 2029 | 2.3% | 1.27% |
| 2028 | 2.34% | 1.38% |
| 2027 | 2.39% | 1.49% |
| 2026 | 2.42% | 1.6% |
| 2025 | 2.43% | 1.66% |
| 2024 | 2.49% | 1.77% |
| 2023 | 2.55% | 1.86% |
| 2022 | 2.58% | 1.95% |
| 2021 | 2.63% | 2.05% |
| 2020 | 2.7% | 2.15% |
| 2019 | 2.77% | 2.23% |
| 2018 | 2.85% | 2.28% |
| 2017 | 2.92% | 2.31% |
| 2016 | 2.97% | 2.32% |
| 2015 | 3% | 2.31% |
| 2014 | 3% | 2.29% |
| 2013 | 2.99% | 2.25% |
| 2012 | 3.01% | 2.2% |
| 2011 | 3.02% | 2.14% |
| 2010 | 3.03% | 2.07% |
| 2009 | 3.04% | 1.99% |
| 2008 | 3.07% | 1.93% |
| 2007 | 3% | 1.88% |
| 2006 | 3.17% | 1.88% |
| 2005 | 3.27% | 1.9% |
| 2004 | 3.11% | 1.94% |
| 2003 | 3.1% | 1.98% |
| 2002 | 3.09% | 2.01% |
| 2001 | 3.1% | 2.02% |
| 2000 | 3.12% | 2.01% |
| 1999 | 3.14% | 1.85% |
| 1998 | 3.13% | 1.7% |
| 1997 | 3% | 1.71% |
| 1996 | 2.65% | 1.73% |
| 1995 | 2.14% | 1.81% |
| 1994 | 3.81% | 2.09% |
| 1993 | 4.54% | 2.22% |
| 1992 | 3.14% | 2.3% |
| 1991 | 3.13% | 2.54% |
| 1990 | 3.12% | 2.68% |
| 1989 | 3.11% | 2.9% |
| 1988 | 3.09% | 3.09% |
| 1987 | 3.06% | 3.13% |
| 1986 | 3.03% | 3.09% |
| 1985 | 3% | 2.96% |
| 1984 | 2.97% | 2.82% |
| 1983 | 2.94% | 2.75% |
| 1982 | 2.93% | 2.7% |
| 1981 | 2.88% | 2.65% |
| 1980 | 2.79% | 2.6% |
| 1979 | 2.7% | 2.57% |
| 1978 | 2.62% | 2.56% |
| 1977 | 2.58% | 2.56% |
| 1976 | 2.52% | 2.56% |
| 1975 | 2.46% | 2.57% |
| 1974 | 2.41% | 2.58% |
| 1973 | 2.37% | 2.57% |
| 1972 | 2.32% | 2.59% |
| 1971 | 2.27% | 2.62% |
| 1970 | 2.23% | 2.65% |
| 1969 | 2.18% | 2.69% |
| 1968 | 2.13% | 2.75% |
| 1967 | 2.09% | 2.82% |
| 1966 | 2.04% | 2.91% |
| 1965 | 1.99% | 3.01% |
| 1964 | 1.93% | 3.09% |
| 1963 | 1.85% | 3.15% |
| 1962 | 1.78% | 3.17% |
| 1961 | 1.67% | 3.16% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/benin/turkmenistan | CC BY
In 2025, the population of Benin grew by 2.43%, while Turkmenistan's population grew by 1.66%.
Live population counters
|
Benin
|
Turkmenistan
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
15358725
|
7800189
|
| Population rank | 76/197 | 104/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.18% | 0.09% |
| One net population change |
1.5 minutes
|
4.24 minutes
|
| One birth every |
1.09 minutes
|
3.35 minutes
|
| One death every |
4.17 minutes
|
12 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +964 | +341 |
| Annual growth/decline | +351,736 | +124,349 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +2.43% | +1.66% |
| Population growth rate rank | 27/197 | 63/197 |
| One migration net change every |
1.12 hours
|
39.7 minutes
|
| Annual migration change | -7,847 | +13,268 |
| Net migration rank | 127/196 | 39/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 418,202 | 193,763 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 88/195 | 115/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 2.9% | 2.6% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 118/195 | 125/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Benin
|
Turkmenistan
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -7,847 | - | 13,268 |
| 2024 | 357,359 | -7,725 | 112,942 | 14,646 |
| 2023 | 353,933 | -192 | 117,529 | 15,005 |
| 2022 | 349,518 | -192 | 121,814 | 14,141 |
| 2021 | 341,103 | 1,729 | 122,721 | 17,617 |
| 2020 | 341,929 | 1,729 | 124,014 | 19,913 |
| 2019 | 339,817 | 3,366 | 128,275 | 19,735 |
| 2018 | 340,270 | 3,372 | 129,537 | 19,293 |
| 2017 | 339,763 | 3,716 | 131,417 | 16,678 |
| 2016 | 336,559 | 3,837 | 132,581 | 13,365 |
| 2015 | 330,573 | 3,369 | 132,663 | 9,936 |
| 2014 | 323,753 | 3,667 | 129,677 | 8,696 |
| 2013 | 315,804 | -887 | 126,217 | 7,287 |
| 2012 | 306,180 | 1,260 | 120,957 | 7,125 |
| 2011 | 296,348 | 4,283 | 115,197 | 6,992 |
| 2010 | 287,703 | 3,947 | 109,318 | 6,621 |
| 2009 | 280,204 | 4,279 | 102,931 | 6,656 |
| 2008 | 274,242 | 3,198 | 96,815 | 6,734 |
| 2007 | 271,305 | 241 | 92,038 | 6,388 |
| 2006 | 265,040 | -15,135 | 87,840 | 7,613 |
| 2005 | 253,795 | 30,495 | 83,968 | 10,263 |
| 2004 | 245,630 | 4,173 | 79,850 | 14,242 |
| 2003 | 237,962 | 4,283 | 76,737 | 17,625 |
| 2002 | 229,472 | 3,572 | 75,639 | 18,803 |
| 2001 | 222,877 | 3,732 | 76,682 | 16,982 |
| 2000 | 218,013 | 3,335 | 76,875 | 14,925 |
| 1999 | 213,074 | 3,177 | 76,362 | 12,859 |
| 1998 | 208,342 | 2,051 | 77,342 | -3,239 |
| 1997 | 203,182 | -1,322 | 79,045 | -5,600 |
| 1996 | 197,643 | -16,490 | 80,996 | -8,627 |
| 1995 | 194,481 | -45,469 | 86,289 | -13,423 |
| 1994 | 196,637 | -85,128 | 89,319 | -13,094 |
| 1993 | 179,858 | 156,223 | 92,596 | -312 |
| 1992 | 173,794 | -138 | 96,668 | -13,517 |
| 1991 | 168,174 | 0 | 99,297 | -4,864 |
| 1990 | 163,055 | -333 | 101,099 | -4,864 |
| 1989 | 157,235 | -315 | 103,553 | -3,576 |
| 1988 | 153,580 | -1,867 | 104,802 | 1,408 |
| 1987 | 147,783 | -1,792 | 103,885 | 3,161 |
| 1986 | 142,039 | -1,899 | 100,930 | 1,878 |
| 1985 | 136,621 | -1,953 | 95,890 | 1,861 |
| 1984 | 131,590 | -2,018 | 90,591 | -1,427 |
| 1983 | 126,349 | -2,090 | 85,183 | -1,264 |
| 1982 | 122,748 | -2,253 | 80,989 | -961 |
| 1981 | 118,634 | -2,543 | 77,829 | -1,102 |
| 1980 | 112,969 | -2,946 | 74,394 | -1,152 |
| 1979 | 106,782 | -3,365 | 71,135 | -677 |
| 1978 | 100,762 | -3,731 | 68,437 | -350 |
| 1977 | 97,200 | -4,022 | 66,318 | -132 |
| 1976 | 93,141 | -4,308 | 64,513 | 160 |
| 1975 | 89,350 | -4,607 | 62,681 | 550 |
| 1974 | 85,623 | -4,814 | 60,925 | 924 |
| 1973 | 82,422 | -4,960 | 59,169 | 1,194 |
| 1972 | 79,415 | -4,970 | 57,326 | 1,293 |
| 1971 | 76,034 | -4,921 | 56,666 | 1,348 |
| 1970 | 73,156 | -4,851 | 55,617 | 1,376 |
| 1969 | 70,155 | -4,792 | 54,791 | 1,397 |
| 1968 | 67,327 | -4,756 | 54,324 | 1,401 |
| 1967 | 64,709 | -4,756 | 54,209 | 1,397 |
| 1966 | 62,169 | -4,764 | 54,353 | 1,377 |
| 1965 | 60,154 | -4,793 | 54,558 | 1,366 |
| 1964 | 57,352 | -4,839 | 54,574 | 1,340 |
| 1963 | 54,514 | -4,847 | 54,203 | 1,332 |
| 1962 | 51,664 | -4,844 | 53,248 | 1,337 |
| 1961 | 48,838 | -4,791 | 51,659 | 1,372 |
| 1960 | 44,564 | -4,722 | 49,436 | 1,421 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/benin/turkmenistan | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 99.6% of the population change in Benin is from natural causes (a gain of 3,430,824 people) and 0.38% is from migration (a gain of 13,009 people). In Turkmenistan 88.7% is from natural causes (a gain of 1,253,493 people) and 11.3% is from migration (a gain of 160,329 people).
As of 2024, 418,202 residents or 2.9% of the population were not native-born in Benin, compared to 193,763 people or 2.6% in Turkmenistan.
Biggest cities by population
|
Benin
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Cotonou | 780K |
| Porto-Novo | 234K |
| Abomey | 90.2K |
| Save | 31.4K |
|
Turkmenistan
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Ashgabat | 1.03M |
| Turkmenabat | 231K |
| Dasoguz | 227K |
| Mary | 126K |
| Anau | 29.6K |
| Baherden | 24.7K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Benin and Turkmenistan
|
Benin
|
Turkmenistan
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 61.3 years | 70.5 years |
| Average age | 23.5 years | 29.4 years |
| Median age | 19.1 years | 27.8 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 50.2:49.8 | 49.1:50.9 |
| Fertility rate | 4.48 births per woman | 2.66 births per woman |
| Population density | 348 ppl/mi² | 42.7 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/benin/turkmenistan | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
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