Curacao has a population of 156K (ranked 179/197), compared with 17.7K in Palau (ranked 194/197). Curacao's land area is 171.4 sq mi versus 177.6 sq mi for Palau (ranked 182nd vs. 180th).
By GDP, Curacao ranks 167/197 ($3.56B) and Palau ranks 194/197 ($277M). By GDP per capita, Curacao ranks 56/197 ($22,833), while Palau ranks 67/197 ($15,611).
Main facts and rankings
Curacao
|
Palau
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Population |
155976
|
17629
|
| Population rank | 179/197 | 194/197 |
| GDP |
$3.56B
2024 |
$277M
2023 |
| GDP rank | 167/197 | 194/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$22,833
2024 |
$15,611
2023 |
| GDP per capita rank | 56/197 | 67/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$32,693
2024 |
$18,230
2023 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$14,995
2026 |
$9,869
2026 |
| Land area | 171.4 sq mi | 177.6 sq mi |
| Population density |
910 ppl/mi²
2026 |
99.3 ppl/mi²
2026 |
| Fertility rate |
1.2
2023 |
1.91
2023 |
| Median age |
39.5 years
2024 |
39.2 years
2024 |
| Life expectancy |
77.3 years
2026 |
69.6 years
2026 |
Curacao and Palau: Comparison Charts
Curacao and Palau economies compared
| Year | GDP | |
|---|---|---|
|
Curacao
|
Palau
|
|
| 2024 | $3,561,178,196 | - |
| 2023 | $3,281,419,347 | $276,733,063 |
| 2022 | $3,075,180,835 | $243,826,813 |
| 2021 | $2,739,594,360 | $231,343,460 |
| 2020 | $2,534,327,592 | $261,688,507 |
| 2019 | $3,026,124,116 | $282,041,290 |
| 2018 | $3,046,364,820 | $287,998,352 |
| 2017 | $3,033,433,248 | $292,148,590 |
| 2016 | $3,024,690,188 | $305,227,020 |
| 2015 | $3,058,779,212 | $287,057,526 |
| 2014 | $3,059,406,995 | $245,591,095 |
| 2013 | $3,033,568,606 | $224,110,611 |
| 2012 | $3,012,836,257 | $215,616,882 |
| 2011 | $2,930,092,237 | $198,742,371 |
| 2010 | $2,951,342,793 | $188,042,374 |
| 2009 | $2,869,153,184 | $189,854,706 |
| 2008 | $2,833,476,145 | $201,067,734 |
| 2007 | $2,593,831,508 | $200,789,764 |
| 2006 | $2,457,581,732 | $193,611,359 |
| 2005 | $2,344,637,263 | $190,961,685 |
| 2004 | $2,237,160,503 | $166,363,739 |
| 2003 | $2,202,117,374 | $154,566,788 |
| 2002 | $2,160,784,693 | $162,658,722 |
| 2001 | $2,143,450,726 | $159,446,228 |
| 2000 | $2,120,511,229 | $149,551,483 |
| 1999 | - | $144,206,500 |
| 1998 | - | $149,079,600 |
| 1997 | - | $143,860,800 |
| 1996 | - | $137,494,600 |
| 1995 | - | $121,018,500 |
| 1994 | - | $106,138,500 |
| 1993 | - | $96,455,700 |
| 1992 | - | $104,771,300 |
| 1991 | - | $106,555,300 |
| 1990 | - | $97,702,303 |
| 1989 | - | $85,800,543 |
| 1988 | - | $75,348,615 |
| 1987 | - | $66,169,905 |
| 1986 | - | $58,109,314 |
| 1985 | - | $51,030,637 |
| 1984 | - | $44,814,259 |
| 1983 | - | $39,661,530 |
| 1982 | - | $36,027,583 |
| 1981 | - | $32,726,594 |
| 1980 | - | $29,728,054 |
| 1979 | - | $27,004,251 |
| 1978 | - | $24,530,015 |
| 1977 | - | $22,308,104 |
| 1976 | - | $20,364,420 |
| 1975 | - | $18,521,112 |
| 1974 | - | $16,848,759 |
| 1973 | - | $15,331,889 |
| 1972 | - | $13,956,474 |
| 1971 | - | $12,706,874 |
| 1970 | - | $11,563,041 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/curacao/palau | CC BY 
Curacao and Palau economies compared
| Year | GDP per capita | |
|---|---|---|
|
Curacao
|
Palau
|
|
| 2024 | $22,833 | - |
| 2023 | $21,218 | $15,611 |
| 2022 | $20,057 | $13,730 |
| 2021 | $17,796 | $13,009 |
| 2020 | $16,300 | $14,708 |
| 2019 | $19,221 | $15,847 |
| 2018 | $19,119 | $16,167 |
| 2017 | $18,938 | $16,402 |
| 2016 | $18,944 | $17,150 |
| 2015 | $19,362 | $16,154 |
| 2014 | $19,623 | $13,863 |
| 2013 | $19,721 | $12,699 |
| 2012 | $19,810 | $12,137 |
| 2011 | $19,426 | $10,994 |
| 2010 | $19,847 | $10,222 |
| 2009 | $19,540 | $10,148 |
| 2008 | $19,423 | $10,578 |
| 2007 | $18,006 | $10,403 |
| 2006 | $17,400 | $9,882 |
| 2005 | $17,032 | $9,635 |
| 2004 | $16,671 | $8,394 |
| 2003 | $16,696 | $7,862 |
| 2002 | $16,724 | $8,340 |
| 2001 | $16,610 | $8,239 |
| 2000 | $15,841 | $7,798 |
| 1999 | - | $7,630 |
| 1998 | - | $8,048 |
| 1997 | - | $7,945 |
| 1996 | - | $7,788 |
| 1995 | - | $7,038 |
| 1994 | - | $6,329 |
| 1993 | - | $5,892 |
| 1992 | - | $6,553 |
| 1991 | - | $6,824 |
| 1990 | - | $6,403 |
| 1989 | - | $5,741 |
| 1988 | - | $5,145 |
| 1987 | - | $4,616 |
| 1986 | - | $4,144 |
| 1985 | - | $3,728 |
| 1984 | - | $3,360 |
| 1983 | - | $3,049 |
| 1982 | - | $2,838 |
| 1981 | - | $2,639 |
| 1980 | - | $2,423 |
| 1979 | - | $2,189 |
| 1978 | - | $1,972 |
| 1977 | - | $1,781 |
| 1976 | - | $1,616 |
| 1975 | - | $1,464 |
| 1974 | - | $1,328 |
| 1973 | - | $1,221 |
| 1972 | - | $1,145 |
| 1971 | - | $1,081 |
| 1970 | - | $1,017 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/curacao/palau | CC BY
Curacao vs. Palau life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
Curacao
|
Palau
|
|
| 2026 | 77.3 | 69.6 |
| 2025 | 77.2 | 69.5 |
| 2024 | 77 | 69.4 |
| 2023 | 76.8 | 69.3 |
| 2022 | 76.7 | 68.9 |
| 2021 | 75.7 | 68.6 |
| 2020 | 76.5 | 68.7 |
| 2019 | 76.5 | 69 |
| 2018 | 76.5 | 69 |
| 2017 | 76.4 | 69 |
| 2016 | 76.3 | 69 |
| 2015 | 76.5 | 69.1 |
| 2014 | 76.4 | 69.1 |
| 2013 | 76.2 | 69 |
| 2012 | 76 | 68.9 |
| 2011 | 75.6 | 68.6 |
| 2010 | 75.1 | 68.3 |
| 2009 | 74.5 | 68 |
| 2008 | 74.3 | 67.6 |
| 2007 | 74.1 | 67.1 |
| 2006 | 74 | 66.6 |
| 2005 | 73.9 | 66.2 |
| 2004 | 73.7 | 65.8 |
| 2003 | 73.6 | 65.4 |
| 2002 | 73.5 | 65.1 |
| 2001 | 73.4 | 64.8 |
| 2000 | 73.3 | 64.5 |
| 1999 | 73.2 | 64.2 |
| 1998 | 73.1 | 64 |
| 1997 | 73 | 63.7 |
| 1996 | 72.9 | 63.5 |
| 1995 | 72.8 | 63.3 |
| 1994 | 72.8 | 63.1 |
| 1993 | 72.7 | 63 |
| 1992 | 72.7 | 62.9 |
| 1991 | 72.5 | 62.8 |
| 1990 | 72.4 | 62.8 |
| 1989 | 72.2 | 62.8 |
| 1988 | 72.2 | 62.8 |
| 1987 | 72.1 | 62.8 |
| 1986 | 72 | 62.8 |
| 1985 | 71.9 | 62.7 |
| 1984 | 71.7 | 62.6 |
| 1983 | 71.5 | 62.5 |
| 1982 | 71.4 | 62.3 |
| 1981 | 71.2 | 62.1 |
| 1980 | 71 | 61.9 |
| 1979 | 70.7 | 61.6 |
| 1978 | 70.4 | 61.3 |
| 1977 | 70.2 | 60.9 |
| 1976 | 70 | 60.5 |
| 1975 | 69.7 | 60 |
| 1974 | 69.4 | 59.5 |
| 1973 | 69.1 | 59 |
| 1972 | 68.8 | 58.6 |
| 1971 | 68.5 | 58.1 |
| 1970 | 68.2 | 57.7 |
| 1969 | 67.9 | 57.3 |
| 1968 | 67.7 | 56.9 |
| 1967 | 67.4 | 56.5 |
| 1966 | 67.1 | 56.2 |
| 1965 | 66.9 | 55.9 |
| 1964 | 66.6 | 55.8 |
| 1963 | 66.3 | 55.6 |
| 1962 | 66 | 55.4 |
| 1961 | 65.7 | 55.1 |
| 1960 | 65.4 | 54.9 |
| 1959 | 65.1 | 54.6 |
| 1958 | 64.7 | 54.4 |
| 1957 | 64.2 | 54.1 |
| 1956 | 63.8 | 53.9 |
| 1955 | 63.3 | 53.7 |
| 1954 | 62.7 | 53.5 |
| 1953 | 62.1 | 53.3 |
| 1952 | 61.6 | 53.1 |
| 1951 | 61 | 52.9 |
| 1950 | 60.3 | 52.7 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).
GeoRank.org/facts/curacao/palau | CC BY
Curacao and Palau population clocks and comparison
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
|
Curacao
|
Palau
|
|
| 2024 | 155,967 | 17,695 |
| 2023 | 154,654 | 17,727 |
| 2022 | 153,321 | 17,759 |
| 2021 | 153,948 | 17,783 |
| 2020 | 155,482 | 17,792 |
| 2019 | 157,441 | 17,798 |
| 2018 | 159,336 | 17,814 |
| 2017 | 160,175 | 17,812 |
| 2016 | 159,664 | 17,797 |
| 2015 | 157,980 | 17,770 |
| 2014 | 155,909 | 17,715 |
| 2013 | 153,822 | 17,648 |
| 2012 | 152,088 | 17,765 |
| 2011 | 150,831 | 18,078 |
| 2010 | 148,703 | 18,396 |
| 2009 | 146,833 | 18,709 |
| 2008 | 145,880 | 19,009 |
| 2007 | 144,056 | 19,302 |
| 2006 | 141,239 | 19,593 |
| 2005 | 137,658 | 19,819 |
| 2004 | 134,192 | 19,820 |
| 2003 | 131,897 | 19,659 |
| 2002 | 129,205 | 19,503 |
| 2001 | 129,047 | 19,352 |
| 2000 | 133,860 | 19,178 |
| 1999 | 139,428 | 18,901 |
| 1998 | 144,472 | 18,524 |
| 1997 | 146,956 | 18,108 |
| 1996 | 146,306 | 17,654 |
| 1995 | 145,139 | 17,195 |
| 1994 | 144,630 | 16,770 |
| 1993 | 144,299 | 16,372 |
| 1992 | 143,912 | 15,989 |
| 1991 | 144,403 | 15,614 |
| 1990 | 145,400 | 15,259 |
| 1989 | 146,937 | 14,945 |
| 1988 | 149,254 | 14,645 |
| 1987 | 151,456 | 14,334 |
| 1986 | 152,662 | 14,024 |
| 1985 | 152,711 | 13,688 |
| 1984 | 151,940 | 13,337 |
| 1983 | 151,159 | 13,006 |
| 1982 | 150,101 | 12,694 |
| 1981 | 148,629 | 12,402 |
| 1980 | 148,041 | 12,271 |
| 1979 | 147,851 | 12,337 |
| 1978 | 148,341 | 12,440 |
| 1977 | 149,459 | 12,525 |
| 1976 | 149,399 | 12,598 |
| 1975 | 149,129 | 12,655 |
| 1974 | 148,351 | 12,687 |
| 1973 | 146,912 | 12,552 |
| 1972 | 147,710 | 12,194 |
| 1971 | 147,389 | 11,759 |
| 1970 | 144,739 | 11,368 |
| 1969 | 142,581 | 11,159 |
| 1968 | 140,298 | 11,080 |
| 1967 | 138,140 | 10,988 |
| 1966 | 136,682 | 10,805 |
| 1965 | 135,266 | 10,547 |
| 1964 | 133,148 | 10,292 |
| 1963 | 130,860 | 10,037 |
| 1962 | 128,414 | 9,793 |
| 1961 | 126,125 | 9,555 |
| 1960 | 124,826 | 9,328 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/curacao/palau | CC BY
Fertility rates in Curacao and Palau
| Year | Fertility rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Curacao
|
Palau
|
|
| 2023 | 1.2 | 1.91 |
| 2022 | 1.3 | 1.93 |
| 2021 | 1.4 | 1.95 |
| 2020 | 1.4 | 1.97 |
| 2019 | 1.6 | 1.98 |
| 2018 | 1.7 | 1.97 |
| 2017 | 1.5 | 2.02 |
| 2016 | 1.7 | 2.06 |
| 2015 | 1.9 | 2 |
| 2014 | 2 | 2.03 |
| 2013 | 2.1 | 2.05 |
| 2012 | 2.2 | 2.01 |
| 2011 | 2.1 | 1.97 |
| 2010 | 2.2 | 1.94 |
| 2009 | 2.1 | 1.94 |
| 2008 | 2.2 | 1.95 |
| 2007 | 2 | 1.97 |
| 2006 | 2.1 | 2 |
| 2005 | 2.04 | 2.02 |
| 2004 | 2.1 | 1.99 |
| 2003 | 2.19 | 1.96 |
| 2002 | 2.3 | 1.92 |
| 2001 | 2.4 | 1.87 |
| 2000 | 2.34 | 1.82 |
| 1999 | 2.29 | 1.91 |
| 1998 | 2.32 | 2.01 |
| 1997 | 2.37 | 2.19 |
| 1996 | 2.4 | 2.39 |
| 1995 | 2.42 | 2.55 |
| 1994 | 2.43 | 2.66 |
| 1993 | 2.44 | 2.73 |
| 1992 | 2.43 | 2.71 |
| 1991 | 2.37 | 2.74 |
| 1990 | 2.3 | 2.88 |
| 1989 | 2.27 | 2.92 |
| 1988 | 2.25 | 2.91 |
| 1987 | 2.24 | 2.93 |
| 1986 | 2.24 | 2.98 |
| 1985 | 2.24 | 3.01 |
| 1984 | 2.24 | 3.08 |
| 1983 | 2.24 | 3.14 |
| 1982 | 2.24 | 3.22 |
| 1981 | 2.25 | 3.28 |
| 1980 | 2.27 | 3.35 |
| 1979 | 2.31 | 3.49 |
| 1978 | 2.38 | 3.74 |
| 1977 | 2.46 | 4.09 |
| 1976 | 2.55 | 4.53 |
| 1975 | 2.66 | 4.9 |
| 1974 | 2.77 | 5.26 |
| 1973 | 2.87 | 5.59 |
| 1972 | 2.99 | 5.9 |
| 1971 | 3.18 | 6.16 |
| 1970 | 3.4 | 6.39 |
| 1969 | 3.61 | 6.58 |
| 1968 | 3.83 | 6.71 |
| 1967 | 4.06 | 6.84 |
| 1966 | 4.26 | 6.93 |
| 1965 | 4.47 | 7.01 |
| 1964 | 4.64 | 7.08 |
| 1963 | 4.8 | 7.12 |
| 1962 | 4.93 | 7.15 |
| 1961 | 5.04 | 7.17 |
| 1960 | 5.13 | 7.19 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/curacao/palau | CC BY
Curacao and Palau demographics compared
| Year | Median age, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
Curacao
|
Palau
|
|
| 2024 | 39.5 | 39.2 |
| 2023 | 39.2 | 38.8 |
| 2022 | 39 | 38.5 |
| 2021 | 38.7 | 38.1 |
| 2020 | 38.5 | 37.8 |
| 2019 | 37.6 | 37.4 |
| 2018 | 38.4 | 37 |
| 2017 | 40.2 | 36.7 |
| 2016 | 40.1 | 36.3 |
| 2015 | 40 | 36 |
| 2014 | 39.9 | 35.6 |
| 2013 | 39.9 | 35.3 |
| 2012 | 39.9 | 35 |
| 2011 | 39.5 | 34.6 |
| 2010 | 39 | 34.2 |
| 2009 | 38.4 | 33.9 |
| 2008 | 37.9 | 33.5 |
| 2007 | 37.3 | 33.1 |
| 2006 | 36.8 | 32.7 |
| 2005 | 36.3 | 32.3 |
| 2004 | 35.8 | 32 |
| 2003 | 35.3 | 31.8 |
| 2002 | 34.6 | 31.5 |
| 2001 | 34.1 | 31.2 |
| 2000 | 33.6 | 30.8 |
| 1999 | 33 | 30.2 |
| 1998 | 32.4 | 29.4 |
| 1997 | 31.8 | 28.8 |
| 1996 | 31.3 | 28.3 |
| 1995 | 30.8 | 27.8 |
| 1994 | 30.3 | 27.4 |
| 1993 | 29.8 | 26.9 |
| 1992 | 29.2 | 26.4 |
| 1991 | 28.7 | 26 |
| 1990 | 28.2 | 25.6 |
| 1989 | 27.7 | 24.9 |
| 1988 | 27.1 | 24 |
| 1987 | 26.6 | 23.1 |
| 1986 | 26.1 | 22.2 |
| 1985 | 25.6 | 21.6 |
| 1984 | 25.1 | 21.1 |
| 1983 | 24.6 | 20.5 |
| 1982 | 24.1 | 19.9 |
| 1981 | 23.7 | 19.3 |
| 1980 | 23.3 | 18.9 |
| 1979 | 22.8 | 18.6 |
| 1978 | 22.4 | 18.3 |
| 1977 | 22 | 18.1 |
| 1976 | 21.6 | 17.8 |
| 1975 | 21.2 | 17.4 |
| 1974 | 20.8 | 17.1 |
| 1973 | 20.4 | 16.8 |
| 1972 | 20.1 | 16.6 |
| 1971 | 19.9 | 16.6 |
| 1970 | 19.8 | 16.5 |
| 1969 | 19.7 | 16.1 |
| 1968 | 19.7 | 15.7 |
| 1967 | 19.6 | 15.2 |
| 1966 | 19.5 | 14.9 |
| 1965 | 19.5 | 14.9 |
| 1964 | 19.4 | 15 |
| 1963 | 19.4 | 15.1 |
| 1962 | 19.5 | 15.5 |
| 1961 | 19.6 | 16.1 |
| 1960 | 19.8 | 16.7 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/curacao/palau | CC BY
Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Curacao and Palau.
National statistics comparison
Finance
|
Curacao
|
Palau
|
|
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method |
$3.52B
2024 |
$262M
2023 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
31%
2025 |
52.3%
2024 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
5.44%
2024 |
3.53%
2023 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP | n/a |
+1.67%
2024 |
| Unemployment rate |
19.1%
2020 |
2.09%
2023 |
| Services, % of GDP |
72.3%
2024 |
74.8%
2023 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
12.2%
2024 |
10.1%
2023 |
| Economic freedom index |
78
2025 |
62
2025 |
| Personal remittances received |
$116M
2024 |
$1.95M
2024 |
| International tourist arrivals |
1,293,000
2019 |
18,399
2020 |
| International tourism as share of exports |
27.8%
2020 |
93.5%
2017 |
Energy
|
Curacao
|
Palau
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Energy use, kg of oil equivalent per capita |
5,650 kg
2022 |
4,814 kg
1990 |
| GDP PPP per kg equivalent of energy use |
$5.07
2022 |
$2
1990 |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions | n/a |
1.47 megatons
2024 |
| CO2 emissions per capita | n/a |
82.8 tons
2024 |
| Fossil fuel energy use share |
0%
2022 |
0%
1990 |
| Renewable energy use share |
2.8%
2021 |
0.9%
2022 |
| Alternative and nuclear energy use share |
2.15%
2022 |
n/a |
| Net energy imports use share |
236.1%
2018 |
n/a |
| Electric power consumption per capita |
5,029 kWh
2022 |
n/a |
| Renewable electricity output share |
18.3%
2021 |
4.6%
2021 |
| Hydroelectric share |
0%
2021 |
0%
2021 |
| Nuclear share |
0%
2021 |
0%
2021 |
| Electricity access |
100%
2023 |
100%
2023 |
Society
|
Curacao
|
Palau
|
|
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.002%
2024 |
0.0002%
2024 |
| Annual migration change |
+470
2025 |
-16
2025 |
| Urban population |
91.4%
2024 |
79.2%
2024 |
| Male:Female ratio |
47.6:52.4
2024 |
53.9:46.1
2024 |
| Average male height | n/a |
5.6 ft
2025 |
| Average female height | n/a |
5.23 ft
2025 |
| Quality of life index |
63.7
2026 |
52.2
2026 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
72
2025 |
49
2025 |
| Higher education index |
8
2026 |
n/a |
| Homicides per 100K people |
17.1
2007 |
11.2
2018 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
17
2025 |
4.78
2013 |
| Visa free countries | n/a |
120
2025 |
| Adult literacy rate | n/a |
100%
2020 |
| English speaking |
60%
2025 |
92.5%
2023 |
| People using the Internet |
68.1%
2017 |
27%
2004 |
Health
|
Curacao
|
Palau
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita | n/a |
$1,684
2023 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita | n/a |
$203.8
2023 |
| Life expectancy |
77.3 years
2026 |
69.6 years
2026 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure | n/a |
18.5%
2023 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people | n/a |
1.81
2023 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births | n/a |
89
2023 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age | n/a |
22.3
2023 |
| Obesity rate | n/a |
42.1%
2022 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
13.4%
2024 |
19.3%
2024 |
| Air quality index |
81
2026 |
65
2026 |
| Tobacco use prevalence | n/a |
17.3%
2022 |
Territory
In-depth comparisons
Help us show the world through your eyes
Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.
Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Passport Index (2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- EduRank (2026, retrieved 2025-10-13)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.