Monaco has a population of 38.6K (ranked 191/197), compared with 9.65K in Tuvalu (ranked 196/197). Monaco's land area is 0.8 sq mi versus 11.6 sq mi for Tuvalu (ranked 196th vs. 194th).
By GDP, Monaco ranks 152/197 ($11.1B) and Tuvalu ranks 196/197 ($62.3M). By GDP per capita, Monaco ranks 1/197 ($288,001), while Tuvalu ranks 110/197 ($6,345).
Main facts and rankings
Monaco
|
Tuvalu
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Population |
38053
|
9341
|
| Population rank | 191/197 | 196/197 |
| GDP |
$11.1B
2024 |
$62.3M
2023 |
| GDP rank | 152/197 | 196/197 |
| GDP per capita |
$288,001
2024 |
$6,345
2023 |
| GDP per capita rank | 1/197 | 110/197 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$115,700
2015 |
$6,151
2023 |
| Government debt | n/a |
$4.15M
2023 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio | n/a |
6.96%
2024 |
| Government debt per person | n/a |
$423
2023 |
| Government debt per person rank | n/a | 171/185 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$97,068
2026 |
$4,233
2026 |
| Land area | 0.8 sq mi | 11.6 sq mi |
| Population density |
47,292 ppl/mi²
2026 |
806 ppl/mi²
2026 |
| Fertility rate |
2.11
2023 |
3.21
2023 |
| Median age |
55 years
2024 |
25.3 years
2024 |
| Life expectancy |
86.7 years
2026 |
67.6 years
2026 |
Monaco and Tuvalu: Comparison Charts
Monaco and Tuvalu economies compared
| Year | GDP | |
|---|---|---|
|
Monaco
|
Tuvalu
|
|
| 2024 | $11,125,783,372 | - |
| 2023 | $10,003,892,565 | $62,280,312 |
| 2022 | $8,800,430,486 | $59,065,982 |
| 2021 | $8,623,242,743 | $60,196,406 |
| 2020 | $6,730,736,283 | $51,746,594 |
| 2019 | $7,383,496,254 | $54,123,199 |
| 2018 | $7,184,333,936 | $48,015,260 |
| 2017 | $6,430,254,653 | $45,276,595 |
| 2016 | $6,471,290,794 | $41,629,064 |
| 2015 | $6,264,756,528 | $36,811,936 |
| 2014 | $7,070,017,324 | $38,760,983 |
| 2013 | $6,555,591,710 | $38,615,891 |
| 2012 | $5,742,749,294 | $39,345,579 |
| 2011 | $6,088,689,808 | $39,196,957 |
| 2010 | $5,367,561,570 | $32,105,408 |
| 2009 | $5,474,379,252 | $28,076,984 |
| 2008 | $6,502,942,245 | $31,874,435 |
| 2007 | $5,875,790,766 | $28,450,169 |
| 2006 | $4,586,826,513 | $24,096,875 |
| 2005 | $4,204,652,899 | $22,909,980 |
| 2004 | $4,043,551,489 | $22,798,275 |
| 2003 | $3,597,089,751 | $19,456,338 |
| 2002 | $2,919,647,982 | $16,842,673 |
| 2001 | $2,673,723,034 | $13,964,732 |
| 2000 | $2,654,462,665 | $15,073,976 |
| 1999 | $2,907,118,641 | $14,800,503 |
| 1998 | $2,934,593,468 | $13,795,146 |
| 1997 | $2,840,195,190 | $13,734,210 |
| 1996 | $3,137,886,995 | $13,338,597 |
| 1995 | $3,130,309,995 | $11,922,614 |
| 1994 | $2,720,332,135 | $11,772,611 |
| 1993 | $2,574,494,356 | $10,414,400 |
| 1992 | $2,737,049,231 | $10,535,028 |
| 1991 | $2,480,540,845 | $10,127,314 |
| 1990 | $2,481,307,077 | $9,542,901 |
| 1989 | $2,010,083,833 | $8,454,523 |
| 1988 | $2,000,704,745 | $7,011,059 |
| 1987 | $1,839,081,463 | $5,020,513 |
| 1986 | $1,515,234,743 | $4,574,706 |
| 1985 | $1,082,867,507 | $3,862,852 |
| 1984 | $1,037,329,604 | $4,481,978 |
| 1983 | $1,092,560,365 | $4,152,550 |
| 1982 | $1,143,216,457 | $4,118,945 |
| 1981 | $1,205,188,648 | $4,773,018 |
| 1980 | $1,378,175,524 | $4,206,128 |
| 1979 | $1,209,870,147 | $4,065,659 |
| 1978 | $1,000,555,218 | $3,798,782 |
| 1977 | $811,191,392 | $3,669,420 |
| 1976 | $735,324,245 | $3,919,072 |
| 1975 | $711,978,962 | $4,014,748 |
| 1974 | $563,949,254 | $4,122,329 |
| 1973 | $523,554,039 | $3,411,915 |
| 1972 | $402,451,901 | $2,968,458 |
| 1971 | $327,706,210 | $2,716,990 |
| 1970 | $293,127,333 | $2,585,956 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/monaco/tuvalu | CC BY 
Monaco and Tuvalu economies compared
| Year | GDP per capita | |
|---|---|---|
|
Monaco
|
Tuvalu
|
|
| 2024 | $288,001 | - |
| 2023 | $256,800 | $6,345 |
| 2022 | $226,052 | $5,911 |
| 2021 | $223,823 | $5,905 |
| 2020 | $176,892 | $4,976 |
| 2019 | $193,747 | $5,115 |
| 2018 | $188,298 | $4,466 |
| 2017 | $170,663 | $4,166 |
| 2016 | $173,605 | $3,809 |
| 2015 | $170,437 | $3,358 |
| 2014 | $195,694 | $3,529 |
| 2013 | $184,941 | $3,510 |
| 2012 | $165,445 | $3,598 |
| 2011 | $179,364 | $3,636 |
| 2010 | $161,854 | $3,025 |
| 2009 | $169,150 | $2,684 |
| 2008 | $204,264 | $3,088 |
| 2007 | $184,559 | $2,794 |
| 2006 | $143,083 | $2,396 |
| 2005 | $130,539 | $2,305 |
| 2004 | $125,160 | $2,323 |
| 2003 | $111,110 | $2,007 |
| 2002 | $90,051 | $1,750 |
| 2001 | $82,403 | $1,457 |
| 2000 | $81,789 | $1,579 |
| 1999 | $89,698 | $1,559 |
| 1998 | $90,947 | $1,460 |
| 1997 | $88,582 | $1,461 |
| 1996 | $98,561 | $1,428 |
| 1995 | $99,032 | $1,285 |
| 1994 | $86,704 | $1,279 |
| 1993 | $82,685 | $1,141 |
| 1992 | $88,615 | $1,166 |
| 1991 | $80,997 | $1,134 |
| 1990 | $81,735 | $1,085 |
| 1989 | $66,816 | $976 |
| 1988 | $67,181 | $823 |
| 1987 | $62,456 | $600 |
| 1986 | $52,082 | $557 |
| 1985 | $37,690 | $480 |
| 1984 | $36,582 | $567 |
| 1983 | $39,076 | $533 |
| 1982 | $41,479 | $537 |
| 1981 | $44,157 | $634 |
| 1980 | $50,814 | $571 |
| 1979 | $44,990 | $566 |
| 1978 | $37,608 | $546 |
| 1977 | $30,875 | $549 |
| 1976 | $28,396 | $612 |
| 1975 | $27,921 | $656 |
| 1974 | $22,348 | $708 |
| 1973 | $20,882 | $601 |
| 1972 | $16,187 | $522 |
| 1971 | $13,334 | $478 |
| 1970 | $12,098 | $457 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1970–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/monaco/tuvalu | CC BY
Monaco vs. Tuvalu life expectancy calculator
| Year | Life expectancy, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
Monaco
|
Tuvalu
|
|
| 2026 | 86.7 | 67.6 |
| 2025 | 86.6 | 67.4 |
| 2024 | 86.5 | 67.3 |
| 2023 | 86.4 | 67.1 |
| 2022 | 85.7 | 66.9 |
| 2021 | 85.1 | 65.8 |
| 2020 | 86.1 | 66.4 |
| 2019 | 86.2 | 66.1 |
| 2018 | 86.1 | 65.9 |
| 2017 | 85.9 | 65.7 |
| 2016 | 85.6 | 65.5 |
| 2015 | 85.3 | 65.4 |
| 2014 | 85.1 | 65.3 |
| 2013 | 85.1 | 65.2 |
| 2012 | 85 | 65.1 |
| 2011 | 85 | 65 |
| 2010 | 84.6 | 64.8 |
| 2009 | 84.2 | 64.7 |
| 2008 | 83.8 | 64.5 |
| 2007 | 83.9 | 64.4 |
| 2006 | 84.2 | 64.2 |
| 2005 | 84.3 | 64.1 |
| 2004 | 84.2 | 64 |
| 2003 | 83.6 | 63.9 |
| 2002 | 83.1 | 63.8 |
| 2001 | 82.5 | 63.7 |
| 2000 | 82.1 | 63.5 |
| 1999 | 81.8 | 63.3 |
| 1998 | 81.6 | 63.2 |
| 1997 | 81.4 | 62.9 |
| 1996 | 81.1 | 62.7 |
| 1995 | 80.9 | 62.5 |
| 1994 | 80.7 | 62.3 |
| 1993 | 80.4 | 62.1 |
| 1992 | 80.1 | 60.3 |
| 1991 | 79.7 | 61.8 |
| 1990 | 79.4 | 61.6 |
| 1989 | 79.4 | 61.5 |
| 1988 | 79.4 | 61.4 |
| 1987 | 79.3 | 61.3 |
| 1986 | 78.4 | 61.2 |
| 1985 | 77.4 | 61.1 |
| 1984 | 76.4 | 61.1 |
| 1983 | 75.7 | 60.9 |
| 1982 | 75.3 | 60.7 |
| 1981 | 75 | 60.5 |
| 1980 | 74.9 | 60.2 |
| 1979 | 74.9 | 59.9 |
| 1978 | 74.7 | 59.6 |
| 1977 | 74.2 | 59.2 |
| 1976 | 73.8 | 58.8 |
| 1975 | 73.5 | 58.3 |
| 1974 | 73.4 | 57.7 |
| 1973 | 73.4 | 57.2 |
| 1972 | 73.4 | 54.7 |
| 1971 | 73.4 | 56 |
| 1970 | 73.3 | 55.3 |
| 1969 | 73.2 | 54.7 |
| 1968 | 73.2 | 54.1 |
| 1967 | 73.1 | 53.5 |
| 1966 | 73 | 52.8 |
| 1965 | 72.9 | 52.1 |
| 1964 | 72.7 | 51.3 |
| 1963 | 72.5 | 50.6 |
| 1962 | 72.4 | 49.8 |
| 1961 | 72.2 | 49 |
| 1960 | 71.9 | 48.3 |
| 1959 | 71.4 | 47.5 |
| 1958 | 71.1 | 46.7 |
| 1957 | 70.9 | 45.8 |
| 1956 | 70.7 | 45 |
| 1955 | 70.4 | 44.2 |
| 1954 | 70 | 43.4 |
| 1953 | 69.6 | 42.5 |
| 1952 | 68.9 | 41.7 |
| 1951 | 68.4 | 40.8 |
| 1950 | 68 | 40 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10).
GeoRank.org/facts/monaco/tuvalu | CC BY
Monaco and Tuvalu population clocks and comparison
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
|
Monaco
|
Tuvalu
|
|
| 2024 | 38,631 | 9,646 |
| 2023 | 38,956 | 9,816 |
| 2022 | 38,931 | 9,992 |
| 2021 | 38,527 | 10,194 |
| 2020 | 38,050 | 10,399 |
| 2019 | 38,109 | 10,581 |
| 2018 | 38,154 | 10,751 |
| 2017 | 37,678 | 10,869 |
| 2016 | 37,276 | 10,930 |
| 2015 | 36,757 | 10,963 |
| 2014 | 36,128 | 10,984 |
| 2013 | 35,447 | 11,001 |
| 2012 | 34,711 | 10,934 |
| 2011 | 33,946 | 10,780 |
| 2010 | 33,163 | 10,614 |
| 2009 | 32,364 | 10,461 |
| 2008 | 31,836 | 10,321 |
| 2007 | 31,837 | 10,182 |
| 2006 | 32,057 | 10,056 |
| 2005 | 32,210 | 9,940 |
| 2004 | 32,307 | 9,816 |
| 2003 | 32,374 | 9,695 |
| 2002 | 32,422 | 9,623 |
| 2001 | 32,447 | 9,586 |
| 2000 | 32,455 | 9,544 |
| 1999 | 32,410 | 9,496 |
| 1998 | 32,267 | 9,451 |
| 1997 | 32,063 | 9,400 |
| 1996 | 31,837 | 9,342 |
| 1995 | 31,609 | 9,280 |
| 1994 | 31,375 | 9,207 |
| 1993 | 31,136 | 9,126 |
| 1992 | 30,887 | 9,038 |
| 1991 | 30,625 | 8,928 |
| 1990 | 30,358 | 8,798 |
| 1989 | 30,084 | 8,662 |
| 1988 | 29,781 | 8,518 |
| 1987 | 29,446 | 8,371 |
| 1986 | 29,093 | 8,217 |
| 1985 | 28,731 | 8,046 |
| 1984 | 28,356 | 7,902 |
| 1983 | 27,960 | 7,789 |
| 1982 | 27,561 | 7,664 |
| 1981 | 27,293 | 7,526 |
| 1980 | 27,122 | 7,366 |
| 1979 | 26,892 | 7,184 |
| 1978 | 26,605 | 6,957 |
| 1977 | 26,273 | 6,686 |
| 1976 | 25,895 | 6,404 |
| 1975 | 25,500 | 6,117 |
| 1974 | 25,235 | 5,822 |
| 1973 | 25,072 | 5,681 |
| 1972 | 24,862 | 5,692 |
| 1971 | 24,576 | 5,685 |
| 1970 | 24,229 | 5,663 |
| 1969 | 23,831 | 5,631 |
| 1968 | 23,437 | 5,624 |
| 1967 | 23,230 | 5,652 |
| 1966 | 23,131 | 5,686 |
| 1965 | 22,941 | 5,715 |
| 1964 | 22,686 | 5,752 |
| 1963 | 22,385 | 5,751 |
| 1962 | 22,078 | 5,699 |
| 1961 | 21,901 | 5,648 |
| 1960 | 21,808 | 5,598 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/monaco/tuvalu | CC BY
Fertility rates in Monaco and Tuvalu
| Year | Fertility rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Monaco
|
Tuvalu
|
|
| 2023 | 2.11 | 3.21 |
| 2022 | 2.11 | 3.24 |
| 2021 | 2.12 | 3.28 |
| 2020 | 2.38 | 3.31 |
| 2019 | 2.4 | 3.33 |
| 2018 | 2.49 | 3.33 |
| 2017 | 2.42 | 3.3 |
| 2016 | 2.58 | 3.3 |
| 2015 | 2.5 | 3.31 |
| 2014 | 2.49 | 3.33 |
| 2013 | 2.31 | 3.39 |
| 2012 | 2.29 | 3.47 |
| 2011 | 2.22 | 3.46 |
| 2010 | 2.38 | 3.44 |
| 2009 | 2.4 | 3.43 |
| 2008 | 2.38 | 3.42 |
| 2007 | 2.21 | 3.45 |
| 2006 | 2.1 | 3.53 |
| 2005 | 2.01 | 3.55 |
| 2004 | 1.99 | 3.55 |
| 2003 | 1.91 | 3.58 |
| 2002 | 2.01 | 3.64 |
| 2001 | 2.18 | 3.75 |
| 2000 | 2.08 | 3.84 |
| 1999 | 2.01 | 3.92 |
| 1998 | 1.95 | 3.95 |
| 1997 | 1.88 | 3.95 |
| 1996 | 1.82 | 3.95 |
| 1995 | 1.78 | 3.96 |
| 1994 | 1.76 | 3.92 |
| 1993 | 1.75 | 3.92 |
| 1992 | 1.76 | 3.86 |
| 1991 | 1.79 | 3.79 |
| 1990 | 1.85 | 3.75 |
| 1989 | 1.93 | 3.8 |
| 1988 | 2.01 | 3.88 |
| 1987 | 2.06 | 3.94 |
| 1986 | 2.11 | 3.97 |
| 1985 | 2.14 | 3.97 |
| 1984 | 2.17 | 3.95 |
| 1983 | 2.18 | 3.91 |
| 1982 | 2.2 | 3.88 |
| 1981 | 2.22 | 3.8 |
| 1980 | 2.24 | 3.73 |
| 1979 | 2.26 | 3.65 |
| 1978 | 2.28 | 3.59 |
| 1977 | 2.31 | 3.56 |
| 1976 | 2.33 | 3.55 |
| 1975 | 2.35 | 3.58 |
| 1974 | 2.38 | 3.63 |
| 1973 | 2.41 | 3.71 |
| 1972 | 2.44 | 3.81 |
| 1971 | 2.47 | 3.94 |
| 1970 | 2.5 | 4.08 |
| 1969 | 2.54 | 4.23 |
| 1968 | 2.57 | 4.36 |
| 1967 | 2.59 | 4.49 |
| 1966 | 2.63 | 4.64 |
| 1965 | 2.66 | 4.73 |
| 1964 | 2.69 | 4.83 |
| 1963 | 2.73 | 4.91 |
| 1962 | 2.76 | 5 |
| 1961 | 2.78 | 5.09 |
| 1960 | 2.81 | 5.15 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2023, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/monaco/tuvalu | CC BY
Monaco and Tuvalu demographics compared
| Year | Median age, years | |
|---|---|---|
|
Monaco
|
Tuvalu
|
|
| 2024 | 55 | 25.3 |
| 2023 | 55.3 | 25.3 |
| 2022 | 56 | 25.3 |
| 2021 | 56.2 | 25.3 |
| 2020 | 55.7 | 25.3 |
| 2019 | 55.6 | 25.3 |
| 2018 | 55.5 | 25.3 |
| 2017 | 55 | 25.2 |
| 2016 | 54.4 | 24.9 |
| 2015 | 53.7 | 24.7 |
| 2014 | 52.8 | 24.5 |
| 2013 | 52 | 24.3 |
| 2012 | 51.1 | 24.2 |
| 2011 | 50.1 | 24.1 |
| 2010 | 49.2 | 24 |
| 2009 | 48.3 | 23.9 |
| 2008 | 47.6 | 23.8 |
| 2007 | 47.1 | 23.7 |
| 2006 | 46.8 | 23.6 |
| 2005 | 46.5 | 23.6 |
| 2004 | 46.2 | 23.5 |
| 2003 | 46 | 23.5 |
| 2002 | 45.9 | 23.5 |
| 2001 | 45.8 | 23.7 |
| 2000 | 45.6 | 23.9 |
| 1999 | 45.3 | 24.1 |
| 1998 | 45 | 24.4 |
| 1997 | 44.9 | 24.6 |
| 1996 | 44.8 | 24.9 |
| 1995 | 44.7 | 25 |
| 1994 | 44.5 | 25.1 |
| 1993 | 44.4 | 25 |
| 1992 | 44.3 | 25 |
| 1991 | 44.3 | 24.9 |
| 1990 | 44.2 | 24.7 |
| 1989 | 43.9 | 24.5 |
| 1988 | 43.7 | 24.2 |
| 1987 | 43.5 | 24 |
| 1986 | 43.4 | 23.8 |
| 1985 | 43.4 | 23.6 |
| 1984 | 43.5 | 23.2 |
| 1983 | 43.8 | 22.5 |
| 1982 | 44.1 | 21.9 |
| 1981 | 44.2 | 21.4 |
| 1980 | 44.1 | 21 |
| 1979 | 44 | 20.9 |
| 1978 | 44 | 20.5 |
| 1977 | 44.2 | 20.2 |
| 1976 | 44.6 | 19.9 |
| 1975 | 45 | 19.8 |
| 1974 | 45.1 | 19.7 |
| 1973 | 44.9 | 19.4 |
| 1972 | 44.7 | 19 |
| 1971 | 44.7 | 18.6 |
| 1970 | 44.8 | 18.2 |
| 1969 | 45 | 18 |
| 1968 | 45.3 | 17.9 |
| 1967 | 45.2 | 18.1 |
| 1966 | 45 | 18.5 |
| 1965 | 44.8 | 19.3 |
| 1964 | 44.8 | 21 |
| 1963 | 45 | 22.6 |
| 1962 | 45.3 | 23 |
| 1961 | 45.4 | 23.1 |
| 1960 | 45.4 | 23.1 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/facts/monaco/tuvalu | CC BY
Interactive Maps
Use the buttons below to switch between world maps comparing statistics for Monaco and Tuvalu.
National statistics comparison
Finance
|
Monaco
|
Tuvalu
|
|
|---|---|---|
| GNI, Atlas method | n/a |
$86M
2023 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
20%
2025 |
118.4%
2024 |
| Education expenditure, % of GDP |
1.73%
2023 |
12.8%
2023 |
| Deficit/surplus, % of GDP | n/a |
-8.23%
2024 |
| Unemployment rate |
6.33%
2016 |
7.32%
2022 |
| Services, % of GDP |
87.2%
2024 |
n/a |
| Industry, % of GDP |
12.8%
2024 |
7.02%
2015 |
| Economic freedom index |
83
2025 |
60
2025 |
| Income share by richest 10% | n/a |
30.8%
2010 |
| Income share by poorest 10% | n/a |
2.7%
2010 |
| Number of billionaires |
2
2025 |
n/a |
| Percentage of billionaires |
0.006%
2025 |
n/a |
| Personal remittances received | n/a |
$2M
2024 |
| International tourist arrivals |
159,000
2020 |
3,599
2019 |
| International tourism as share of exports | n/a |
43.4%
2013 |
Energy
Society
|
Monaco
|
Tuvalu
|
|
|---|---|---|
| % of world population |
0.0005%
2024 |
0.0001%
2024 |
| Annual migration change |
+100
2025 |
-255
2025 |
| Urban population |
100%
2024 |
64.7%
2024 |
| Male:Female ratio |
48.9:51.1
2024 |
51.2:48.8
2024 |
| Average male height | n/a |
5.62 ft
2025 |
| Average female height | n/a |
5.37 ft
2025 |
| Quality of life index |
87.4
2026 |
44.9
2026 |
| Corruption Perceptions Index |
82
2025 |
48
2025 |
| Higher education index |
38
2026 |
n/a |
| Homicides per 100K people |
0
2008 |
0
2019 |
| Road traffic mortality per 100K people |
0
2013 |
0.2
2025 |
| Visa free countries |
166
2025 |
129
2025 |
| Adult literacy rate |
99%
2003 |
100%
2022 |
| English speaking |
40%
2025 |
70%
2025 |
| People using the Internet |
99.1%
2023 |
74.3%
2023 |
Health
|
Monaco
|
Tuvalu
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Government health expenditure per capita |
$8,004
2023 |
$1,724
2023 |
| Out-of-pocket health expenditure per capita |
$677
2023 |
$0.77
2023 |
| Life expectancy |
86.7 years
2026 |
67.6 years
2026 |
| Foreign aid share of health expenditure | n/a |
27.1%
2023 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people |
8.61
2020 |
1.35
2020 |
| Age at first childbirth |
32.5 years
2021 |
23.5 years
2017 |
| Maternal mortality per 100K births |
5
2023 |
170
2023 |
| Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age |
2.7
2023 |
19.9
2023 |
| Obesity rate | n/a |
65.3%
2022 |
| Diabetes prevalence |
6.9%
2024 |
19%
2024 |
| Air quality index |
72
2026 |
97
2026 |
| Tobacco use prevalence | n/a |
33.7%
2022 |
| Pure alcohol consumption per capita | n/a |
1.26 liters
2020 |
Territory
In-depth comparisons
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1950–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2023–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
- Passport Index (2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2021, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- World Obesity Federation (2022, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- EduRank (2026, retrieved 2025-10-13)
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