Skip to content

Economy of Niger vs Rwanda compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Niger has a GDP of $19.5B compared to $14.3B for Rwanda, ranking 132/197 and 144/197 by economy size, respectively.

Niger has $9.22B in government debt (43.4% of GDP), compared to $9.58B (77.6% of GDP) in Rwanda.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Niger
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Rwanda
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Niger Rwanda
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $449,526,873 $2,602,180,353 $119,000,024 $1,013,800,020
1961 $485,785,231 $2,720,485,699 $122,000,016 $970,231,700
1962 $531,736,599 $3,000,116,630 $125,000,008 $1,080,195,804
1963 $586,294,879 $3,282,974,506 $128,000,000 $974,115,776
1964 $582,816,396 $3,287,276,512 $129,999,994 $852,692,316
1965 $673,383,511 $3,514,748,217 $148,799,980 $912,462,033
1966 $702,296,079 $3,501,304,403 $124,525,703 $976,415,683
1967 $665,586,872 $3,505,606,409 $159,560,018 $1,043,944,763
1968 $641,214,226 $3,519,050,223 $172,200,018 $1,117,164,761
1969 $625,867,985 $3,325,997,034 $188,700,037 $1,240,135,222
1970 $649,916,621 $3,427,632,151 $219,900,006 $1,314,561,010
1971 $693,573,704 $3,622,298,371 $222,952,504 $1,330,423,038
1972 $742,779,661 $3,435,160,574 $246,457,838 $1,333,922,959
1973 $946,385,105 $2,849,548,704 $290,746,157 $1,379,784,406
1974 $1,026,137,111 $3,099,603,386 $308,458,423 $1,399,236,932
1975 $1,048,690,933 $3,013,025,468 $571,863,500 $1,369,659,506
1976 $1,064,517,601 $3,033,459,909 $637,753,853 $1,636,805,801
1977 $1,291,458,041 $3,268,995,364 $746,650,613 $1,669,445,501
1978 $1,774,365,590 $3,709,414,437 $905,709,076 $1,822,213,801
1979 $2,109,277,666 $3,974,526,141 $1,109,346,131 $2,038,508,904
1980 $2,508,524,721 $3,876,950,088 $1,254,765,642 $2,220,988,318
1981 $2,170,893,414 $3,870,062,063 $1,407,062,527 $2,341,725,674
1982 $2,017,612,216 $3,954,215,023 $1,407,243,139 $2,384,130,730
1983 $1,803,099,561 $3,801,438,868 $1,479,687,587 $2,526,710,090
1984 $1,461,243,326 $3,162,043,119 $1,587,413,084 $2,419,558,044
1985 $1,440,581,652 $3,406,093,637 $1,715,626,331 $2,526,085,095
1986 $1,904,096,998 $3,622,453,381 $1,944,710,684 $2,664,315,945
1987 $2,233,006,105 $3,625,651,332 $2,157,432,668 $2,663,675,547
1988 $2,280,356,193 $3,874,775,279 $2,395,492,687 $2,783,509,648
1989 $2,179,567,114 $3,911,858,659 $2,405,022,593 $2,782,492,713
1990 $3,512,356,508 $3,860,672,838 $2,550,185,679 $2,715,732,613
1991 $3,285,796,875 $3,843,705,602 $1,911,600,237 $2,647,448,785
1992 $3,386,232,579 $3,920,608,632 $2,029,026,962 $2,802,926,178
1993 $3,052,673,849 $3,933,219,485 $1,971,525,712 $2,575,645,531
1994 $1,938,058,175 $4,006,172,006 $753,636,370 $1,281,433,436
1995 $2,302,537,562 $4,104,613,432 $1,293,535,193 $1,732,806,553
1996 $2,405,686,940 $4,108,739,820 $1,382,334,879 $1,953,664,804
1997 $2,290,318,910 $4,171,499,823 $1,851,558,197 $2,224,242,544
1998 $2,643,363,519 $4,587,507,438 $1,989,343,546 $2,421,280,840
1999 $2,537,789,821 $4,577,434,991 $2,157,108,263 $2,526,652,278
2000 $2,241,753,193 $4,522,117,709 $2,068,836,754 $2,738,155,711
2001 $2,448,714,704 $4,850,791,324 $1,966,600,715 $2,970,476,184
2002 $2,782,192,879 $5,089,376,068 $1,966,003,468 $3,362,343,590
2003 $3,394,084,732 $5,199,846,593 $2,138,237,279 $3,436,395,425
2004 $3,760,443,738 $5,218,763,717 $2,376,496,067 $3,692,326,726
2005 $4,383,315,965 $5,601,396,628 $2,933,819,766 $4,038,589,403
2006 $4,756,361,252 $5,933,618,262 $3,319,784,539 $4,411,233,107
2007 $5,731,485,052 $6,120,095,512 $4,070,507,895 $4,747,955,684
2008 $7,297,600,226 $6,593,265,447 $5,179,854,065 $5,277,886,761
2009 $7,352,131,310 $6,722,664,934 $5,674,476,969 $5,607,662,717
2010 $7,851,192,502 $7,299,346,342 $6,124,756,654 $6,018,965,512
2011 $8,772,950,778 $7,471,447,187 $6,884,913,658 $6,497,978,183
2012 $9,426,912,648 $8,259,606,009 $7,654,761,045 $7,059,501,498
2013 $10,224,897,438 $8,698,614,859 $7,819,964,024 $7,392,699,278
2014 $10,862,943,544 $9,276,388,745 $8,238,966,120 $7,848,619,326
2015 $9,683,867,926 $9,683,867,926 $8,543,760,206 $8,543,760,206
2016 $10,398,861,982 $10,239,808,437 $8,695,272,061 $9,053,886,363
2017 $11,185,104,252 $10,752,347,793 $9,252,833,894 $9,408,633,107
2018 $12,837,307,497 $11,527,744,540 $9,637,904,519 $10,209,916,262
2019 $12,889,555,561 $12,212,475,571 $10,349,300,277 $11,174,486,378
2020 $13,744,653,103 $12,646,096,747 $10,174,386,855 $10,797,494,132
2021 $14,915,002,436 $12,821,067,681 $11,078,787,095 $11,969,932,692
2022 $15,433,852,714 $14,346,774,736 $13,316,161,006 $12,946,823,702
2023 $16,698,786,973 $14,586,026,438 $14,331,722,700 $14,014,924,102
2024 $19,537,639,288 $15,814,402,934 $14,251,642,231 $15,260,942,693

Economic indicators

Niger Rwanda
Gross domestic product
$19.5B
2024
$14.3B
2024
GDP rank
132/197
2024
144/197
2024
GDP growth
17%
2023-2024
-0.56%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$723
2024
$1,000
2024
GDP per capita rank
187/197
2024
177/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$2,015
2024
$3,711
2024
Government debt
$9.22B
2024
$9.58B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
43.4%
2025
77.6%
2025
Government debt per person
$341
2024
$672
2024
Government debt per person rank
176/185
2024
156/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$1,379
2025
$2,587
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$2.75B
2024
Income share by richest 10%
27.8%
2021
33.4%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
3.8%
2021
3.1%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
13.4%
2025
27.4%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
9.07%
2023-2024
1.77%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
6.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
0.4%
2022
11.3%
2024
Population
28638403
14826674

GDP per capita in Niger vs Rwanda

Niger's GDP per capita is $723, ranking 187/197, compared to $1,000 in Rwanda, ranking 177/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Niger ranks 186th at $2,015, while Rwanda ranks 168th at $3,711.

Niger
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Rwanda
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Niger Rwanda
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $128.3 - $39.4 -
1961 $134.6 - $39.3 -
1962 $143.2 - $39.2 -
1963 $153.3 - $39.3 -
1964 $148.1 - $39 -
1965 $166.3 - $43.5 -
1966 $168.6 - $35.4 -
1967 $155.4 - $44 -
1968 $145.6 - $46 -
1969 $138.3 - $48.9 -
1970 $139.8 - $55.2 -
1971 $145.2 - $54.4 -
1972 $151.4 - $58.4 -
1973 $187.9 - $66.9 -
1974 $198.3 - $68.9 -
1975 $197.2 - $124.1 -
1976 $194.8 - $134.4 -
1977 $229.8 - $152.7 -
1978 $307 - $179.9 -
1979 $354 - $213.8 -
1980 $409 - $234.4 -
1981 $343 - $254.6 -
1982 $310 - $246.4 -
1983 $268.8 - $250.6 -
1984 $211.5 - $259.9 -
1985 $202.4 - $271.6 -
1986 $259.6 - $297.7 -
1987 $295.3 - $320 -
1988 $292.6 - $344 -
1989 $271.3 - $335 -
1990 $424 $739 $346 $549
1991 $384 $738 $254 $542
1992 $384 $746 $264.1 $575
1993 $335 $742 $247 $521
1994 $206.2 $748 $111 $311
1995 $237 $757 $228 $514
1996 $239.5 $746 $206 $499
1997 $220.6 $745 $238.7 $500
1998 $246.1 $801 $246.2 $528
1999 $228.3 $783 $264.7 $554
2000 $194.8 $764 $251.9 $609
2001 $205.4 $809 $237.3 $670
2002 $225.3 $832 $234 $760
2003 $265.2 $837 $249 $775
2004 $283.5 $832 $269.5 $832
2005 $319 $888 $324 $914
2006 $333 $935 $357 $1,002
2007 $387 $955 $426 $1,079
2008 $475 $1,010 $528 $1,191
2009 $461 $999 $564 $1,241
2010 $474 $1,058 $594 $1,314
2011 $511 $1,064 $651 $1,413
2012 $529 $1,162 $707 $1,455
2013 $552 $1,138 $705 $1,512
2014 $565 $1,161 $725 $1,678
2015 $486 $1,172 $734 $1,781
2016 $503 $1,189 $730 $1,866
2017 $522 $1,208 $758 $1,968
2018 $579 $1,276 $772 $2,125
2019 $562 $1,419 $810 $2,336
2020 $580 $1,497 $779 $2,285
2021 $609 $1,586 $830 $2,733
2022 $610 $1,840 $975 $3,099
2023 $638 $1,875 $1,027 $3,399
2024 $723 $2,015 $1,000 $3,711

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Niger's government spending was $2.62B, accounting for 13.4% of its GDP, while Rwanda's spent $4.1B, or 27.4% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 43.4% in Niger and 77.6% in Rwanda, ranking 123/185 and 46/185, respectively.

Niger
Government spending

Government debt
Rwanda
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Niger Rwanda
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1992 - - 21.5% -
1993 - - 20.3% -
1994 - - 13.3% -
1995 12.5% 69.4% 18% 100.8%
1996 10.9% 63.5% 19.5% 83.4%
1997 12.9% 69.1% 17% 72.2%
1998 13.6% 61.3% 16.4% 70.1%
1999 15% 63.3% 22.4% 78.4%
2000 13.5% 82.1% 18.2% 86%
2001 13.7% 74% 19.1% 84%
2002 14.4% 69% 20.5% 92%
2003 14% 60.6% 18.5% 79.5%
2004 16.1% 55% 17.9% 80.9%
2005 15.6% 49.5% 19.9% 58.9%
2006 15.2% 18.3% 20.6% 22.5%
2007 17.4% 17.8% 22.4% 22.1%
2008 16.9% 14.2% 22.5% 18.3%
2009 17.7% 15.9% 22.3% 18.5%
2010 14.3% 15.1% 23.8% 18.8%
2011 15.3% 14.7% 24.7% 18.7%
2012 16.6% 18.1% 24.6% 19.1%
2013 20.4% 19.6% 26.2% 26.7%
2014 23.6% 22.1% 27.5% 29.1%
2015 24.2% 29.9% 26.6% 33.1%
2016 19.4% 32.8% 25.1% 41.1%
2017 19.5% 36.5% 25.1% 45.6%
2018 21.2% 37% 26.4% 49.2%
2019 21.6% 39.8% 28.2% 53.6%
2020 22.4% 45% 33.5% 68.7%
2021 24.3% 51.3% 31.6% 67.3%
2022 21.6% 50.6% 29.7% 60.9%
2023 15.8% 51.9% 27% 63.4%
2024 13.4% 47.2% 28.8% 67.2%
2025 13.4% 43.4% 27.4% 77.6%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Niger's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$834M, equivalent to -4.27% of GDP. This compares to Rwanda's deficit of -$936M, or -6.57% of GDP.

Over the past 30 years, Niger recorded a fiscal deficit in 28 of those years, while Rwanda ran a deficit in 26 years. On average, Niger posted an annual deficit equal to -2.01% of GDP, compared to deficit of -2.56% of GDP for Rwanda.

Deficit/surplus
Niger

Rwanda
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Niger Rwanda
1992 - -7.21%
1993 - -6.6%
1994 - -9.54%
1995 -3.19% -2.04%
1996 -0.36% -5.01%
1997 -2.39% -2.22%
1998 -2.23% -2.59%
1999 -4.27% -4.41%
2000 -2.83% -0.22%
2001 -2.59% -1.8%
2002 -2.21% -2.03%
2003 -2.17% -1.23%
2004 -2.76% 2.27%
2005 -1.53% 1.12%
2006 31% -0.03%
2007 -0.75% -1.56%
2008 1.11% 0.83%
2009 -3.93% 0.26%
2010 -0.99% -0.64%
2011 -2.19% -0.86%
2012 -0.83% -2.38%
2013 -1.93% -1.27%
2014 -6.12% -3.92%
2015 -6.75% -2.68%
2016 -4.46% -2.27%
2017 -4.12% -2.52%
2018 -3.01% -2.57%
2019 -3.56% -5.08%
2020 -4.82% -9.54%
2021 -6.1% -7%
2022 -6.77% -5.74%
2023 -5.37% -5.04%
2024 -4.27% -6.57%
2025 -3.02% -6.29%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Niger has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.49%, compared with 6.85% in Rwanda. In 2024, inflation was 9.07% in Niger and 1.77% in Rwanda.

Inflation
Niger

Rwanda
Year Inflation
Niger Rwanda Niger Rwanda
1996 5.29% 7.41%
1997 2.93% 12%
1998 4.55% 6.21%
1999 -2.3% -2.41%
2000 2.9% 3.9%
2001 4.01% 3.34%
2002 2.63% 1.99%
2003 -1.61% 7.45%
2004 0.26% 12.3%
2005 7.8% 9.01%
2006 0.04% 8.88%
2007 0.05% 9.08%
2008 11.3% 15.4%
2009 0.58% 12.9%
2010 0.8% -0.25%
2011 2.94% 3.08%
2012 0.46% 10.3%
2013 2.3% 5.92%
2014 -0.93% 2.35%
2015 -0.58% 2.53%
2016 1.65% 7.17%
2017 2.8% 8.28%
2018 2.97% -0.31%
2019 -2.49% 3.35%
2020 2.9% 9.85%
2021 3.84% -0.39%
2022 4.23% 17.7%
2023 3.7% 19.8%
2024 9.07% 1.77%

Top exports between countries

Niger
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $25K
Textiles & consumer goods $25K
Rwanda
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $465K
Miscellaneous $32K
Textiles & consumer goods $10K

Balance of trade

Niger Rwanda
Current account balance
-$2.33B
2023
-$1.65B
2023
Current account balance ranking
145/189
2023
136/189
2023
Current account balance, % of GDP
-14%
2023
-11.5%
2023
Goods imports
$2.59B
2023
$4.83B
2023
Goods exports
$992M
2023
$2.47B
2023
Service imports
$1.22B
2023
$948M
2023
Service exports
$231M
2023
$1.04B
2023
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
20.8%
2024
39.1%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
31.2%
2024
30.8%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Niger Rwanda
Economic freedom 51.5 54.8
Economic freedom ranking 151/197 133/197
Property rights 29.6 62
Government integrity 31.8 50.5
Judicial effectiveness 37.1 27.1
Tax burden 77.9 81.3
Government spending 87.3 73.8
Fiscal health 34.4 35
Business freedom 33.8 56.8
Labor freedom 54 48.7
Monetary freedom 72.6 67.3
Trade freedom 64 55.2
Investment freedom 55 60
Financial freedom 40 40

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Niger is 51.5, ranking 151/197, compared to 54.8 for Rwanda, ranking 133/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Niger
Rwanda
Year Economic freedom index
Niger Rwanda
1996 45.8 -
1997 46.6 38.3
1998 47.5 39.1
1999 48.6 39.8
2000 45.9 42.3
2001 48.9 45.4
2002 48.2 50.4
2003 54.2 47.8
2004 54.6 53.3
2005 54.1 51.7
2006 52.5 52.8
2007 53.2 52.4
2008 52.9 54.2
2009 53.8 54.2
2010 52.9 59.1
2011 54.3 62.7
2012 54.3 64.9
2013 53.9 64.1
2014 55.1 64.7
2015 54.6 64.8
2016 54.3 63.1
2017 50.8 67.6
2018 49.5 69.1
2019 51.6 71.1
2020 54.7 70.9
2021 57.3 68.3
2022 54.9 57.1
2023 53.7 52.2
2024 52.3 51.6
2025 51.5 54.8

More economic indicators

Niger Rwanda
Services, % of GDP
45.4%
2024
47.6%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
17.8%
2024
21%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
33.8%
2024
24.6%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$17.9B
2024
$14.8B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$1,990
2024
$3,620
2024
Total reserves including gold n/a
$2.41B
2024
Total reserves ranking n/a
123/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$1.02B
2023
-$459M
2023
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$526M
2024
$819M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$12.2M
2024
$9.86M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
1.16%
2023
3.88%
2023
Poverty at national poverty lines
41.2%
2021
27.4%
2023
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
18.7%
2024
25.9%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Economy comparisons

Economy vs Niger vs Rwanda
Afghanistan Compare Compare
Albania Compare Compare
Algeria Compare Compare
Andorra Compare Compare
Angola Compare Compare
Antigua Compare Compare
Argentina Compare Compare
Armenia Compare Compare
Australia Compare Compare
Austria Compare Compare
Azerbaijan Compare Compare
Bahamas Compare Compare
Bahrain Compare Compare
Bangladesh Compare Compare
Barbados Compare Compare
Belarus Compare Compare
Belgium Compare Compare
Belize Compare Compare
Benin Compare Compare
Bhutan Compare Compare
Bolivia Compare Compare
Bosnia Compare Compare
Botswana Compare Compare
Brazil Compare Compare
Brunei Compare Compare
Bulgaria Compare Compare
Burkina Faso Compare Compare
Burundi Compare Compare
Cambodia Compare Compare
Cameroon Compare Compare
Canada Compare Compare
Cape Verde Compare Compare
Cayman Islands Compare Compare
CAR Compare Compare
Chad Compare Compare
Chile Compare Compare
China Compare Compare
Colombia Compare Compare
Comoros Compare Compare
Congo Compare Compare
Costa Rica Compare Compare
Croatia Compare Compare
Cuba Compare Compare
Curacao Compare Compare
Cyprus Compare Compare
Czech Republic Compare Compare
DR Congo Compare Compare
Denmark Compare Compare
Djibouti Compare Compare
Dominica Compare Compare
Dominican Republic Compare Compare
East Timor Compare Compare
Ecuador Compare Compare
Egypt Compare Compare
El Salvador Compare Compare
Equatorial Guinea Compare Compare
Eritrea Compare Compare
Estonia Compare Compare
Eswatini Compare Compare
Ethiopia Compare Compare
Fiji Compare Compare
Finland Compare Compare
France Compare Compare
Gabon Compare Compare
Gambia Compare Compare
Georgia Compare Compare
Germany Compare Compare
Ghana Compare Compare
Greece Compare Compare
Grenada Compare Compare
Guatemala Compare Compare
Guinea Compare Compare
Guinea-Bissau Compare Compare
Guyana Compare Compare
Haiti Compare Compare
Honduras Compare Compare
Hungary Compare Compare
Iceland Compare Compare
India Compare Compare
Indonesia Compare Compare
Iran Compare Compare
Iraq Compare Compare
Ireland Compare Compare
Israel Compare Compare
Italy Compare Compare
Ivory Coast Compare Compare
Jamaica Compare Compare
Japan Compare Compare
Jordan Compare Compare
Kazakhstan Compare Compare
Kenya Compare Compare
Kiribati Compare Compare
Kuwait Compare Compare
Kyrgyzstan Compare Compare
Laos Compare Compare
Latvia Compare Compare
Lebanon Compare Compare
Lesotho Compare Compare
Liberia Compare Compare
Libya Compare Compare
Liechtenstein Compare Compare
Lithuania Compare Compare
Luxembourg Compare Compare
Madagascar Compare Compare
Malawi Compare Compare
Malaysia Compare Compare
Maldives Compare Compare
Mali Compare Compare
Malta Compare Compare
Marshall Islands Compare Compare
Mauritania Compare Compare
Mauritius Compare Compare
Mexico Compare Compare
Moldova Compare Compare
Monaco Compare Compare
Mongolia Compare Compare
Montenegro Compare Compare
Morocco Compare Compare
Mozambique Compare Compare
Myanmar Compare Compare
Namibia Compare Compare
Nauru Compare Compare
Nepal Compare Compare
Netherlands Compare Compare
New Zealand Compare Compare
Nicaragua Compare Compare
Nigeria Compare Compare
North Korea Compare Compare
North Macedonia Compare Compare
Norway Compare Compare
Oman Compare Compare
Pakistan Compare Compare
Palau Compare Compare
Palestine Compare Compare
Panama Compare Compare
Papua New Guinea Compare Compare
Paraguay Compare Compare
Peru Compare Compare
Philippines Compare Compare
Poland Compare Compare
Portugal Compare Compare
Qatar Compare Compare
Romania Compare Compare
Russia Compare Compare
Saint Kitts Compare Compare
Saint Lucia Compare Compare
Saint Vincent Compare Compare
Samoa Compare Compare
San Marino Compare Compare
Sao Tome Compare Compare
Saudi Arabia Compare Compare
Senegal Compare Compare
Serbia Compare Compare
Seychelles Compare Compare
Sierra Leone Compare Compare
Singapore Compare Compare
Slovakia Compare Compare
Slovenia Compare Compare
Solomon Islands Compare Compare
Somalia Compare Compare
South Africa Compare Compare
South Korea Compare Compare
South Sudan Compare Compare
Spain Compare Compare
Sri Lanka Compare Compare
Sudan Compare Compare
Suriname Compare Compare
Sweden Compare Compare
Switzerland Compare Compare
Syria Compare Compare
Taiwan Compare Compare
Tajikistan Compare Compare
Tanzania Compare Compare
Thailand Compare Compare
Togo Compare Compare
Tonga Compare Compare
Trinidad Compare Compare
Tunisia Compare Compare
Turkey Compare Compare
Turkmenistan Compare Compare
Tuvalu Compare Compare
Uganda Compare Compare
Ukraine Compare Compare
UAE Compare Compare
United Kingdom Compare Compare
United States Compare Compare
Uruguay Compare Compare
Uzbekistan Compare Compare
Vanuatu Compare Compare
Vatican Compare Compare
Venezuela Compare Compare
Vietnam Compare Compare
Yemen Compare Compare
Zambia Compare Compare
Zimbabwe Compare Compare

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.