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Economy of Luxembourg vs Samoa compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Luxembourg has a GDP of $93.2B compared to $1.07B for Samoa, ranking 73/197 and 187/197 by economy size, respectively.

Luxembourg has $24.2B in government debt (26.4% of GDP), compared to $296M (22.5% of GDP) in Samoa.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Luxembourg
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Samoa
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Luxembourg Samoa
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $709,941,874 $8,747,570,888 - -
1961 $710,163,719 $9,082,601,376 - -
1962 $747,846,862 $9,206,004,653 - -
1963 $797,902,154 $9,522,609,145 - -
1964 $910,877,686 $10,271,641,280 - -
1965 $929,477,285 $10,196,151,536 - -
1966 $976,717,015 $10,308,911,196 - -
1967 $983,052,315 $10,331,253,782 - -
1968 $1,075,561,623 $10,763,500,261 - -
1969 $1,245,432,991 $11,836,928,852 - -
1970 $1,457,768,455 $12,045,250,967 $45,208,338 $340,680,798
1971 $1,518,773,421 $12,366,526,037 $53,719,569 $386,718,744
1972 $1,901,697,370 $13,182,493,346 $62,566,116 $392,857,137
1973 $2,609,875,802 $14,278,312,012 $82,452,985 $421,502,969
1974 $3,183,637,117 $14,879,781,081 $93,549,611 $376,488,089
1975 $3,123,333,333 $13,901,975,445 $93,489,283 $362,165,173
1976 $3,423,586,207 $14,254,297,207 $85,003,078 $395,926,333
1977 $3,789,321,328 $14,478,058,110 $98,295,671 $392,857,137
1978 $4,718,539,772 $15,068,034,768 $108,223,444 $417,410,708
1979 $5,516,982,664 $15,421,471,918 $122,257,393 $462,946,425
1980 $6,019,805,490 $15,551,149,194 $125,747,038 $434,275,788
1981 $5,053,665,797 $15,465,469,051 $118,190,655 $395,064,496
1982 $4,602,316,793 $15,640,429,654 $121,221,652 $391,269,846
1983 $4,524,217,751 $16,107,934,816 $111,862,824 $392,956,360
1984 $4,438,435,493 $17,104,523,017 $109,200,934 $398,015,901
1985 $4,577,211,767 $17,582,030,661 $95,572,173 $413,616,120
1986 $6,685,595,088 $19,337,409,140 $100,947,849 $436,383,943
1987 $8,320,902,215 $20,101,425,486 $111,713,922 $438,492,097
1988 $9,418,167,855 $21,802,666,470 $133,016,065 $432,167,727
1989 $10,037,674,038 $23,938,904,807 $122,888,610 $448,189,540
1990 $12,778,792,854 $25,212,438,592 $125,766,270 $428,373,059
1991 $13,834,219,728 $27,391,849,868 $125,597,205 $418,520,426
1992 $15,518,702,635 $27,890,286,478 $132,303,041 $417,683,439
1993 $15,925,521,222 $29,061,858,948 $133,122,897 $434,808,422
1994 $17,701,798,891 $30,172,289,819 $221,098,107 $423,755,155
1995 $20,853,093,870 $30,604,417,414 $224,865,731 $452,035,062
1996 $20,895,314,658 $31,032,290,275 $249,907,869 $484,486,518
1997 $19,563,836,265 $32,714,187,914 $285,475,592 $487,603,826
1998 $20,150,053,345 $34,897,700,608 $269,485,244 $498,306,192
1999 $21,899,317,599 $37,750,651,094 $255,408,060 $509,196,347
2000 $21,230,182,989 $40,369,840,253 $258,856,140 $535,129,944
2001 $21,387,533,703 $41,610,952,661 $266,299,591 $574,676,738
2002 $23,649,833,332 $42,953,079,744 $281,790,134 $607,157,233
2003 $29,667,268,248 $44,078,183,529 $333,426,188 $638,806,086
2004 $35,064,843,793 $45,943,523,456 $407,747,565 $658,527,693
2005 $37,672,280,120 $47,084,243,707 $476,801,793 $702,248,687
2006 $42,910,146,296 $49,917,168,650 $499,923,758 $717,221,522
2007 $51,587,401,416 $53,959,794,030 $573,548,460 $720,707,093
2008 $58,844,277,702 $53,797,819,881 $641,346,192 $746,336,192
2009 $54,467,289,898 $52,055,333,193 $628,006,115 $742,293,456
2010 $56,213,985,987 $54,012,829,513 $680,260,907 $787,756,851
2011 $61,696,281,326 $54,576,884,710 $744,097,050 $818,078,226
2012 $59,776,383,527 $55,477,349,892 $773,141,661 $787,546,482
2013 $65,203,276,467 $57,236,974,872 $797,736,334 $788,391,466
2014 $68,804,811,898 $58,738,350,400 $796,683,520 $793,594,249
2015 $60,071,584,216 $60,071,584,216 $824,150,499 $824,150,499
2016 $62,216,885,436 $63,062,061,884 $843,924,797 $889,949,544
2017 $65,712,180,343 $63,892,707,251 $884,844,384 $902,464,748
2018 $71,085,623,495 $64,922,207,641 $878,448,433 $896,962,898
2019 $69,872,035,114 $66,707,126,419 $912,950,466 $936,894,421
2020 $73,670,782,100 $66,366,885,631 $868,898,358 $907,771,582
2021 $86,386,759,695 $70,965,934,441 $843,923,639 $843,511,967
2022 $80,801,680,397 $70,188,819,484 $832,945,206 $798,752,768
2023 $87,574,021,092 $69,701,966,861 $938,189,444 $872,307,109
2024 $93,197,329,012 $70,421,024,000 $1,068,025,244 $954,498,941

Economic indicators

Luxembourg Samoa
Gross domestic product
$93.2B
2024
$1.07B
2024
GDP rank
73/197
2024
187/197
2024
GDP growth
6.42%
2023-2024
13.8%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$137,517
2024
$4,899
2024
GDP per capita rank
3/197
2024
120/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$150,772
2024
$7,837
2024
Government debt
$24.2B
2024
$296M
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
26.4%
2025
22.5%
2025
Government debt per person
$35,728
2024
$1,357
2024
Government debt per person rank
20/185
2024
134/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$64,450
2025
$3,507
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$41.9B
2024
n/a
Number of billionaires
1
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
25%
2023
31.3%
2013
Income share by poorest 10%
2.8%
2023
2.7%
2013
Government expenditure, % of GDP
48.2%
2025
33.1%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
2.05%
2023-2024
2.17%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
0.37%
2024
Unemployment rate
6.42%
2024
5.05%
2022
Population
690832
220288

GDP per capita in Luxembourg vs Samoa

Luxembourg's GDP per capita is $137,517, ranking 3/197, compared to $4,899 in Samoa, ranking 120/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Luxembourg ranks 1st at $150,772, while Samoa ranks 142nd at $7,837.

Luxembourg
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Samoa
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Luxembourg Samoa
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $2,261 - - -
1961 $2,241 - - -
1962 $2,332 - - -
1963 $2,462 - - -
1964 $2,779 - - -
1965 $2,804 - - -
1966 $2,925 - - -
1967 $2,935 - - -
1968 $3,203 - - -
1969 $3,690 - - -
1970 $4,298 - $322 -
1971 $4,435 - $377 -
1972 $5,487 - $433 -
1973 $7,447 - $563 -
1974 $8,967 - $626 -
1975 $8,701 - $610 -
1976 $9,491 - $541 -
1977 $10,486 - $615 -
1978 $13,034 - $671 -
1979 $15,204 - $751 -
1980 $16,531 - $765 -
1981 $13,837 - $713 -
1982 $12,591 - $728 -
1983 $12,374 - $671 -
1984 $12,127 - $655 -
1985 $12,482 - $573 -
1986 $18,150 - $604 -
1987 $22,443 - $666 -
1988 $25,219 - $790 -
1989 $26,618 - $728 -
1990 $33,465 $29,929 $744 $2,148
1991 $35,747 $33,168 $742 $2,166
1992 $39,571 $34,086 $777 $2,198
1993 $40,067 $35,875 $775 $2,323
1994 $43,933 $37,526 $1,277 $2,294
1995 $51,032 $38,320 $1,288 $2,478
1996 $50,444 $39,707 $1,419 $2,681
1997 $46,642 $42,478 $1,608 $2,722
1998 $47,445 $44,267 $1,506 $2,792
1999 $50,872 $49,845 $1,417 $2,871
2000 $48,660 $55,124 $1,425 $3,062
2001 $48,440 $56,142 $1,454 $3,335
2002 $53,006 $58,576 $1,528 $3,553
2003 $65,689 $60,200 $1,798 $3,792
2004 $76,545 $64,694 $2,189 $3,997
2005 $80,988 $68,788 $2,550 $4,379
2006 $90,789 $78,878 $2,663 $4,592
2007 $107,475 $85,129 $3,039 $4,713
2008 $120,422 $90,971 $3,374 $4,939
2009 $109,420 $86,873 $3,279 $4,906
2010 $110,886 $90,346 $3,524 $5,229
2011 $119,025 $94,475 $3,822 $5,494
2012 $112,585 $96,636 $3,935 $5,339
2013 $120,000 $100,925 $4,024 $5,387
2014 $123,679 $105,296 $3,983 $5,468
2015 $105,462 $107,889 $4,084 $5,682
2016 $106,899 $113,365 $4,147 $6,141
2017 $110,193 $114,986 $4,308 $6,280
2018 $116,927 $116,638 $4,232 $6,318
2019 $112,697 $121,372 $4,352 $6,638
2020 $116,860 $122,067 $4,100 $6,451
2021 $134,966 $136,772 $3,948 $6,214
2022 $123,720 $143,382 $3,869 $6,260
2023 $131,408 $142,425 $4,330 $7,037
2024 $137,517 $150,772 $4,899 $7,837

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Luxembourg's government spending was $43.7B, accounting for 48.2% of its GDP, while Samoa's spent $310M, or 33.1% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 26.4% in Luxembourg and 22.5% in Samoa, ranking 167/185 and 172/185, respectively.

Luxembourg
Government spending

Government debt
Samoa
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Luxembourg Samoa
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1992 - - 43.4% -
1993 - - 49.5% -
1994 - - 54.1% -
1995 42% 10.3% 42.2% -
1996 42.5% 10.2% 38.9% -
1997 44.2% 10.1% 31% -
1998 43.9% 9.51% 28.1% 58.9%
1999 41.7% 8.39% 33.8% 59.4%
2000 38% 7.49% 30.4% 55.8%
2001 38.1% 7.62% 30% 53.8%
2002 41.8% 7.45% 30.7% 50.3%
2003 43.3% 7.43% 28.5% 42.8%
2004 43.7% 7.83% 27.3% 39.8%
2005 43.4% 7.95% 30.6% 34.2%
2006 39.4% 8.21% 27.7% 33.5%
2007 37.4% 8.09% 31.1% 31.5%
2008 37.9% 14.6% 27.7% 28.2%
2009 42.7% 15.3% 31.5% 33.3%
2010 42% 19.1% 29.4% 40.3%
2011 41.5% 18.5% 33.7% 41.5%
2012 41.8% 20.8% 33.6% 50.9%
2013 41.2% 22.4% 30.7% 54.1%
2014 40.6% 21.9% 35.3% 54.9%
2015 40.4% 21.1% 30.5% 56.4%
2016 40% 19.6% 27.3% 49%
2017 41.3% 21.8% 30.9% 46.7%
2018 42.3% 20.9% 30% 49.4%
2019 43.1% 22.3% 31.8% 44.3%
2020 47% 24.5% 30.5% 43.2%
2021 42.4% 24.2% 34.7% 46.3%
2022 44.3% 24.9% 33.2% 43.8%
2023 47% 25% 32.1% 35.4%
2024 46.9% 26% 29% 27.7%
2025 48.2% 26.4% 33.1% 22.5%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Luxembourg's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $961M, equivalent to 1.03% of GDP. This compares to Samoa's surplus of $109M, or 10.2% of GDP.

Over the past 30 years, Luxembourg recorded a fiscal deficit in 6 of those years, while Samoa ran a deficit in 17 years. On average, Luxembourg posted an annual surplus equal to +1.57% of GDP, compared to deficit of -0.52% of GDP for Samoa.

Deficit/surplus
Luxembourg

Samoa
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Luxembourg Samoa
1992 - -9.89%
1993 - -13.2%
1994 - -9.51%
1995 2.71% -5.82%
1996 2.37% 1.21%
1997 2.65% 1.92%
1998 2.98% 1.64%
1999 3.24% 0.27%
2000 5.55% -0.62%
2001 5.62% -1.96%
2002 2.03% -1.77%
2003 0.28% -0.51%
2004 -1.39% -0.74%
2005 -0.21% 0.23%
2006 1.9% -0.44%
2007 4.35% 0.55%
2008 3.37% -0.36%
2009 -0.21% -2.98%
2010 -0.26% -5.49%
2011 0.65% -5.25%
2012 0.5% -7.43%
2013 0.84% -3.82%
2014 1.33% -5.38%
2015 1.3% -3.79%
2016 1.89% -0.35%
2017 1.37% -1.98%
2018 3.17% 0.06%
2019 2.68% 1.51%
2020 -3.09% 5.41%
2021 1% 1.74%
2022 0.18% 5.37%
2023 -0.79% 3.01%
2024 1.03% 10.2%
2025 -0.78% -0.11%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Luxembourg has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.07%, compared with 3.89% in Samoa. In 2024, inflation was 2.05% in Luxembourg and 2.17% in Samoa.

Inflation
Luxembourg

Samoa
Year Inflation
Luxembourg Samoa Luxembourg Samoa
1996 1.18% 5.37%
1997 1.37% 6.86%
1998 0.96% 2.22%
1999 1.03% 0.27%
2000 3.15% 0.97%
2001 2.66% 3.84%
2002 2.07% 8.05%
2003 2.05% 0.12%
2004 2.23% 16.3%
2005 2.49% 1.86%
2006 2.67% 3.7%
2007 2.31% 5.58%
2008 3.4% 11.6%
2009 0.37% 6.32%
2010 2.27% 0.78%
2011 3.41% 5.24%
2012 2.66% 2.05%
2013 1.73% 0.61%
2014 0.63% -0.41%
2015 0.47% 0.72%
2016 0.29% 1.3%
2017 1.73% 1.75%
2018 1.53% 4.2%
2019 1.74% 0.98%
2020 0.82% -1.57%
2021 2.53% 3.13%
2022 6.34% 11%
2023 3.74% 7.92%
2024 2.05% 2.17%

Balance of trade

Luxembourg Samoa
Current account balance
$6.43B
2024
$78.8M
2024
Current account balance ranking
28/189
2024
68/189
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+6.9%
2024
+7.38%
2024
Goods imports
$29.7B
2024
$448M
2024
Goods exports
$31B
2024
$42.2M
2024
Service imports
$138B
2024
$128M
2024
Service exports
$171B
2024
$327M
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
182.7%
2024
53.8%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
215.5%
2024
29.3%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Luxembourg Samoa
Economic freedom 79.5 66.6
Economic freedom ranking 6/197 56/197
Property rights 97.8 76.1
Government integrity 85.7 60.3
Judicial effectiveness 97.2 77.7
Tax burden 62.7 79
Government spending 39.4 67.3
Fiscal health 98.5 97.8
Business freedom 89.2 63.5
Labor freedom 57.5 76.2
Monetary freedom 71.9 64.6
Trade freedom 79.6 67.2
Investment freedom 95 40
Financial freedom 80 30

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Luxembourg is 79.5, ranking 6/197, compared to 66.6 for Samoa, ranking 56/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Luxembourg
Samoa
Year Economic freedom index
Luxembourg Samoa
1996 72.5 47.6
1997 72.8 51.5
1998 72.7 49.9
1999 72.4 58.7
2000 76.4 60.8
2001 80.1 63.1
2002 79.4 -
2003 79.9 -
2004 78.9 -
2005 76.3 -
2006 75.3 -
2007 74.6 -
2008 74.7 -
2009 75.2 59.5
2010 75.4 60.4
2011 76.2 60.6
2012 74.5 60.5
2013 74.2 57.1
2014 74.2 61.1
2015 73.2 61.9
2016 73.9 63.5
2017 75.9 58.4
2018 76.4 61.5
2019 75.9 62.2
2020 75.8 62.1
2021 76 61.9
2022 80.6 68.3
2023 78.4 68.3
2024 79.2 67.2
2025 79.5 66.6

More economic indicators

Luxembourg Samoa
Services, % of GDP
81.9%
2024
72.5%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
9.01%
2024
10.9%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
0.17%
2024
11%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$62B
2024
$1.01B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$106,980
2024
$7,720
2024
Total reserves including gold
$2.79B
2024
$508M
2024
Total reserves ranking
119/177
2024
155/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
$53.6B
2024
-$1.69M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$106B
2024
$3.74M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$109B
2024
$2.05M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
n/a
4.23%
2023
Poverty at national poverty lines
17.3%
2021
21.9%
2018
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
15.2%
2024
32.8%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.